硬脊膜内蛛网膜囊肿MRI诊断

目的 评估硬膜内蛛网膜囊肿的ＭＲＩ特征。材料和方法 ６例硬膜内蛛网膜囊肿（４例男性,２例女性,年龄１７～５６岁不等,平均３３岁）,行ＭＲＩ诊断且手术病理证实。使用０．３５特斯拉超导型ＭＲ成像仪,采用自旋回波和多回波技术。行矢状面、横断面Ｔ１加权成像和矢状面Ｔ２加权成像。结果病变分布：颈段、腰段、腰骶段各１例,胸段３例。长度为１～４个椎体长度不等（平均２．２个椎体长度）。４例囊肿位于脊髓平面,将脊髓推     

脑膜瘤的MRI特性与手术所见比较分析

目的：分析２５例脑膜瘤的ＭＲＩ表现与手术所见结果之关系。方法：回顾性复习ＭＲＩ表现与原始手术记录。结果：Ｔ２加权像的高信号与瘤体血供丰富有密切关系（０．０１＜Ｐ＜０．０５），Ｔ１加权信号虽与血供无密切关系，但据其流空效应可推测瘤体有粗大血供；两种信号未发现与质地有明确关系；静脉窦是否受累可由Ｔ１加权像准确预测（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：术前仔细审读ＭＲＩ片对客观估价脑膜瘤特征有益     

脑膜瘤的MRI特征与手术所见比较分析

目的：分析２５例脑膜瘤的ＭＲＩ表现与手术所见结果之关系。方法：回顾性复习ＭＲＩ表现与原始手术记录。结果：Ｔ２加权像的高信号与瘤体血供丰富有密切关系（０．０１〈Ｐ〈０．０５），Ｔ１加权信号虽与血供无密切关系，但据其流空效应可推测瘤体有粗大血供；两种信号未发现与质地有明确关系；静脉窦是受累可由Ｔ１加权像准确预测（Ｐ〈０．０１）。结论：术前仔细审读ＭＲＩ片对客观估价脑膜瘤特征有益。     

犬股骨头部分血管结扎早期股骨头坏死磁共振病理基础实验研究

目的：观察犬早期股骨头缺血坏死的ＭＲＩ图像特点，病理演变过程，探讨ＭＲＩ信号的病理基础。方法：手术结扎一侧股骨头部分滋养动脉，术后３、７、１４、３０及６０ｄ做磁共振及病理学检查。结果：术后７ｄＭＲＩ图像见有散在点状低信号改变，早期股骨头缺血坏死ＭＲ信号的病理基础是：１．骨髓细胞增大破裂的不定形细胞碎片。２．炎性细胞浸润。３．少量间充质组织形成的混合物。结论：磁共振是早期发现股骨头坏死最敏感的方法，早期股骨头缺血坏死ＭＲＩ信号在Ｔ１及Ｔ２加权图像上均呈低信号改变     

50例垂体瘤的MRI诊断

目的 探讨垂体蛟斩诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析我院１９９４年１２月至１９９７年１２月间５０例经手术和病理证实的垂体瘤的ＭＲＩ表现。结果 巨腺瘤４０例,微腺瘤１０例。９５％的巨腺瘤在Ｔ１加权像上为低、等信号,Ｔ２加权上９４．５８％呈上等高信号;微腺瘤在Ｔ１加权像上多为低、等信号、Ｔ２加权上为中等高信号。ＭＲＩ诊断５０例均与手术相符。结论 ＭＲＩ是诊断垂体瘤比较理想的工具。     

硬脊膜内蛛网膜囊肿MRI诊断

目的评估硬膜内蛛网膜囊肿的ＭＲＩ特征。材料和方法６例硬膜内蛛网膜囊肿（４例男性,２例女性,年龄１７～５６岁不等,平均３３岁）,行ＭＲＩ诊断且手术病理证实。使用０．３５特斯拉超导型ＭＲ成像仪,采用自旋回波和多回波技术。行矢状面、横断面Ｔ１加权成像和矢状面Ｔ２加权成像。结果病变分布：颈段、腰段、腰骶段各１例,胸段３例。长度为１～４个椎体长度不等（平均２．２个椎体长度）。４例囊肿位于脊髓平面,将脊髓推向对侧,其上、下端蛛网膜下腔扩大。１例并发其平面下的脊髓空洞症。所有的ＭＲ序列呈现与脑脊液相同的信号。结论ＭＲ是直接显示囊肿的大小、成分及与周围蛛网膜下腔联系的最好的手段。它还直接显示囊肿的信号和周围的结构,且无电离辐射、无损伤性、无骨伪影、多平面成像、无需椎管内注入造影剂。     

脊髓内血管畸形的MRI诊断

ＭＲ检查６例脊髓内血管畸形，均经手术及病理证实。４例动静脉畸形（ＡＶＭ），Ｔ１、Ｔ２加权成像脊髓内显示迂曲的信号流空。Ｔ２加权成像在高信号脑脊液中显示更加清晰。１例ＡＶＭ行增强ＭＲ扫描，显示条状不均匀强化。１例海绵状血管瘤、１例静脉性血管瘤在Ｔ１、Ｔ２加权成像上呈现高低混合信号，显示病变内或周围有陈旧血块或含铁血黄素沉着。ＭＲＩ显示受累脊髓增粗。ＭＲ诊断这些畸形相对直接，没有必要行增强扫描，认为Ｍ     

脊髓内血管畸形的MRI诊断

ＭＲ检查６例脊髓内血管畸形,均经手术及病理证实。４例动静脉畸形（ＡＶＭ）,Ｔ１、Ｔ２加权成像脊髓内显示迂曲的信号流空。Ｔ２加权成像在高信号脑脊液中显示更加清晰。１例ＡＶＭ行增强ＭＲ扫描,显示条状不均匀强化。１例海绵状血管瘤、１例静脉性血管瘤在Ｔ１、Ｔ２加权成像上呈现高低混合信号,显示病变内或周围有陈旧血块或含铁血黄素沉着。ＭＲＩ显示受累脊髓增粗。ＭＲ诊断这些畸形相对直接,没有必要行增强扫描,认为ＭＲ是评价这些病变的一种十分有用的手段。     

MRI快速FLAIR技术在脑变性疾病中的应用

目的：探讨快速液体衰减反转回复（ＦＬＡＩＲ）序列在脑变性疾病中ＭＲＩ的诊断价值。材料与方法：应用０．５Ｔ超导ＭＲ系统对８例脑变性患者分别采用ＦＬＡＩＲ技术、快速自旋回波Ｔ２加权像（Ｔ２ＷＩ）进行对比分析。结果：ＦＬＡＩＲ序列比Ｔ２加权像能更敏感、更清楚地显示颅脑病变。结论：ＦＬＡＩＲ序列由于回波时间长产生重度Ｔ２图像，从而能增加病变对比度，显示Ｔ２加权像未能发现或可疑病灶，是ＳＥ序列的重要补充     

常见几种肝脏占位病变磁共振成像诊断

目的：为研究几种肝脏病变的磁共振成像（ＭＲＩ）影像特点，提高对肝脏占位病变的认识和诊断。方法：收集８４例经临床证实的肝脏病变病人的ＭＲＩ检查资料，进行回顾性分析。结果：８４例肝脏占位病变的主要ＭＲＩ表现，在Ｔ１加权图像上，大多表现为略低信号，在Ｔ２加权图像上，恶性病变５６例，表现为混杂增高信号，良性病变２８例，信号均匀增高，血管瘤质子密度像即呈高信号。结论：ＭＲＩ检查对于肝占位病变的定位和定性有特     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.