肝素酶mRNA在胃癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的　探讨肝素酶 (HPA) m RNA在胃癌组织中的表达及其与胃癌临床、病理特征的关系。方法　以原位杂交技术检测 36例胃癌组织 HPA- m RNA的表达。结果　 HPA- m RNA在胃癌组织中的阳性表达率为72 .2 % ,HPA- m RNA表达与胃癌的浸润程度、TNM分期及分化程度有关 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论　 HPA在胃癌发展过程中起重要作用 ,检测 HPA- m RNA表达有望成为判断进展期胃癌预后的标志     

Expression of ornithine decarboxylase in precancerous and cancerous gastric lesions

AIM: To investigate the expression of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) in precancerous and cancerous gastric lesions. METHODS: We studied the expression of ODC in gastric mucosa from patients with chronic superficial gastritis (CSG,n = 32),chronic atrophic gastritis CAG,n = 43; 15 with and 28 without intestinal metaplasia (IM),gastric dysplasia (DYS,n = 11) and gastric cancer (GC,n = 48) tissues using immunohistochemical staining. All 134 biopsy specimens of gastric mucosa were collected by gastroscopy. METHODS: The positive rate of ODC expression was 34.4%,42.9%,73.3%,81.8% and 91.7% in cases with CSG,CAG without IM,CAG with IM,DYS and GC,respectively (P < 0.01),The positive rate of ODC expression increased in the order of CSG < CAG (without IM) < CAG (with IM) < DYS and finally,GC. In addition,ODC positive immunostaining rate was lower in well-differentiated GC than in poorly-differentiated GC (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The expression of ODC is positively correlated with the degree of malignity of gastric mucosa and development of gastric lesions. This finding indicates that ODC may be used as a good biomarker in the screening and diagnosis of precancerous lesions.     

新疆哈萨克族食管鳞癌中微小RNA let-7的表达及病理生物学意义

目的探讨微小RNA（miRNA）let-7在食管鳞癌细胞及组织中的表达,及let-7与食管鳞癌临床病理的关系。方法在细胞水平,运用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（real-time quantitative PCR,qRT-PCR）检测let-7在正常食管鳞状上皮细胞Heepic及食管鳞癌细胞CaES-17、Eca109和KYSE-150中的表达差异;在组织水平,采用qRT-PCR技术检测let-7在15对哈萨克族食管鳞癌组织和癌旁正常组织中的表达,并分析其与食管鳞癌浸润、转移等临床病理的关系。结果 qRT-PCR结果显示,let-7在3个食管鳞癌细胞系中的表达明显低于在正常食管鳞状上皮细胞Heepic中的表达,let-7在食管鳞癌组织中的表达明显低于其在癌旁正常组织中的表达,其相对表达量比值为0.79±0.56,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;let-7在不同性别、分化程度、大体分型、浸润深度及淋巴结转移之间的相对表达量比值均无统计学差异（P〉0.05）。结论 Let-7在正常食管鳞状上皮细胞和食管鳞癌细胞中均有表达,但在食管鳞癌细胞中呈低表达;let-7在食管鳞癌组织和正常食管鳞状上皮组织中均有表达,但在癌组织中呈显著低表达;哈萨克族食管鳞癌患者let-7低表达与其临床病理参数之间无显著相关性;let-7对哈萨克族食管鳞癌的发生起抑制作用,是食管鳞癌的潜在分子标记物。     

Expression and significance of Musashi-1 in gastric cancer and precancerous lesions

AIM:To investigate expression of stem cell marker Musashi-1(Msi-1)in relationship to tumorigenesis and progression of intestinal-type gastric cancer(GC).METHODS:Endoscopic biopsy specimens and surgical specimens were obtained,including 54 cases of intestinal-type GC,41 high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia,57low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia,31 intestinal metaplasia,and 36 normal gastric mucosa.Specimens were fixed in 10%paraformaldehyde,conventionally dehydrated,embedded in paraffin,and sliced in 4-μm-thick serial sections.Two-step immunohistochemical staining was used to detect Msi-1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)expression.Correlation analysis was conducted between Msi-1 and PCNA expression.The relationship between Msi-1 expression and clinicopathological parameters of GC was analyzed statistically.RESULTS:There were significant differences in Msi-1and PCNA expression in different pathological tissues(χ2=15.37,P<0.01;χ2=115.36,P<0.01).Msi-1and PCNA-positive cells were restricted to the isthmus of normal gastric glands.Expression levels of Msi-1and PCNA in intestinal metaplasia were significantly higher than in normal mucosa(U=392.0,P<0.05;U=40.50,P<0.01),whereas there was no significant difference compared to low or high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia.Msi-1 and PCNA expression in intestinaltype GC was higher than in high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia(U=798.0,P<0.05;U=688.0,P<0.01).There was a significantly positive correlation between Msi-1 and PCNA expression(rs=0.20,P<0.01).Msi-1expression in GC tissues was correlated with their lymph node metastasis and tumor node metastasis stage(χ2=12.62,P<0.01;χ2=11.24,P<0.05),but not with depth of invasion and the presence of distant metastasis.CONCLUSION:Msi-1-positive cells may play a key role in the early events of gastric carcinogenesis and may be involved in invasion and metastasis of GC.     

Mitochondrial DNA alterations in the progression of gastric carcinomas: Unexplored issues and future research needs

Gastric cancer is the second most frequent cause of cancer death worldwide.Patients infected with Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)are at increased risk of gastric cancer.H.pylori induces genomic instability in both nuclear and mitochondrial(mt)DNA of gastric epithelial cells.Changes in mt DNA represent an early event during gastric tumorigenesis,and thus may serve as potential biomarkers for early detection and prognosis in gastric carcinoma.This review article summarizes the mt DNA mutations that have been reported in gastric carcinomas and their precancerous conditions.Unexplored research topics,such as the role of mt DNA alterations in an alternative pathway of gastric carcinogenesis,are identified and directions for future research are suggested.     

Relationship between co-stimulatory molecule B7-H3 expression and gastric carcinoma histology and prognosis

AIM:To investigate the expression of co-stimulatorymolecule B7-H3 in gastric carcinoma and adenomatissue as well as normal gastric tissue and to explore therelationship between B7-H3 expression and pathologicalfeatures and prognosis of gastric carcinoma.METHODS:B7-H3 expression was detected in 102samples of human gastric carcinoma and 10 samples ofgastric adenoma and 10 samples of normal gastric tissueby immunohistochemical assay.Correlation betweenthe expression of B7-H3 and the patients'age,sex,gastric carcinoma locus,tumor size,tissue type,tumorinfiltration depth,differentiation degree,lymph nodemetastasis,and survival time was analyzed.RESULTS:B7-H3 was expressed in all gastric adenomasamples and in 58.8% samples of gastric carcinoma.B7-H3 expression in gastric carcinoma samples wasnot related with the patients'age,sex,lymph nodemetastasis,and tumor size(P>0.05),but with thesurvival time,infiltration depth of tumor and tissue type.CONCLUSION:Detection of B7-H3 expression in gastriccarcinoma tissue is beneficial to the judgment of theprognosis of gastric carcinoma patients and the choice oftreatment.     

Clinicopathologic significance of HER-2/neu protein expression and gene amplification in gastric carcinoma

AIM:To study the HER-2/neu protein expression and gene amplification in gastric carcinoma and their relation.METHODS:One hundred and forty-five formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tumor tissue samples from Chinese gastric carcinoma patients were studied with immunohistochemistry(IHC)and fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)methods.Clinicopathologic data about all patients were collected.RESULTS:The levels of HER-2 3+,HER-2 2+and HER21+were measurable in 6.9%,8.3%and 17.2%of the samples,respectively.No H...     

CD44s mRNA在胃癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨CD44s mRNA在胃癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法采用核酸原位杂交技术检测66例胃癌（胃癌组）、25例浅表性胃炎（胃炎组）和25例胃上皮不典型增生（增生组）中CD44s mRNA的水平。结果胃炎组无阳性表达;增生组中阳性率为20％;在胃癌组中阳性率为62．12％,胃癌组低分化组织中阳性率明显高于高分化组织（P〈0．05）,有淋巴结转移组阳性率明显高于无淋巴结转移组（P〈0．05）。结论CD44s mRNA表达与胃癌组织分化程度和转移有相关性;CD44s mRNA基因水平可作为判断胃癌病情和预后的指标。     

生长抑素的表达与胃黏膜上皮癌变的关系

[目的]探讨生长抑素（ss）在胃黏膜上皮癌发生、发展中的作用及地位，从而为胃癌的诊断、治疗及预后判断提供一个新的途径。[方法]应用免疫组化SABC（Strept Avidin Biotin Complex）法检测78例胃癌组织和20例正常胃黏膜、53例胃黏膜上皮各级癌前病变标本中SS的表达。[结果]SS在正常胃黏膜中阳性表达率为85．0％，癌前病变组织中阳性表达率为43．4％，胃癌组织中阳性表达率为24．3％；高／中分化组和低分化组中的阳性表达率分别为34．2％、13．5％，随分化程度减低呈下降趋势；浸润黏膜层或黏膜下层和浸润肌层或浆膜层两组的阳性表达率分别为64．3％、15．6％，随浸润程度的加深其阳性表达率呈下降趋势；无淋巴结转移组和有淋巴结转移组的阳性表达率分别为38．7％、14．9％；TNMⅠ～Ⅱ期和Ⅲ～Ⅳ期的阳性表达率分别为45．5％、8．9％。以上两组间比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。[结论]SS的低表达与胃癌的组织学分级、浸润深度、淋巴结转移及TNM分期密切相关。SS的失表达可能是胃黏膜上皮癌变过程中的重要机制之一。     

胃黏膜癌前病变中p53、p21^ras蛋白表达与幽门螺杆菌感染的关系

目的观察幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacterpylori)感染及根除H.pylori二年后p53、p21ras在二组胃黏膜上皮细胞的表达,探讨H.pylori在胃癌发生、发展中的作用.方法应用免疫组织化学染色、尿素酶快速试验(RUT)、组织学Warthin-Starry染色.198例H.pylori感染患者,慢性胃炎86例,慢性胃炎伴肠化生67例,慢性胃炎伴异型增生45例;对照组为根除H.pylori 2年后共86例,其中慢性胃炎54例,慢性胃炎伴肠化生32例,慢性胃炎伴异型增生10例.全部病例做p53、p21ras免疫组织化学染色.结果 H.pylori感染组p53、p21 ras 阳性表达率15.7%、18.7%,明显高于H.pylori根除组2.3%、7%,差异显著(P＜0.05);慢性胃炎伴肠化病变中,p53、p21ras在H.pylori感染组阳性表达率17.9%、18.4%均高于H.pylori根除组0%、9.4%,差异显著(P＜0.05)慢性胃炎伴异型增生病变中,p53、p21 ras在H.pylori感染组阳性表达率31.1%、40%均高于H.pylori根除组20%、30.4%,差异显著(P＜0.05);H.pylori 感染组p53、p21ras在慢性胃炎,肠化生,异型增生表达水平依次增高p53、p21ras共同表达阳性37例.结论在胃黏膜癌前病变中p53、p21ras 在H.pylori感染组阳性表达率高于H.pylori根除组,差异显著(P＜0.05);在慢性胃炎,肠化生,异型增生p53、p21ras表达水平在增高;p53、p21 ras表达呈正相关;H.pylori感染在胃癌发生、发展过程中起一定作用,p53、p21ras表达可能是H.pylori致癌的作用机理之一.     

胃癌前组织和胃癌中hTERT、Bcl-2蛋白的表达及其相互关系

目的 探讨胃癌前组织及胃癌中人端粒酶催化亚单位(human telomerase catalytic subunit,hTERT)的表达状况及其与Bcl-2蛋白表达的关系。方法 应用免疫组织化学技术检测45例慢性胃炎和19例胃癌中hTERT和Bcl-2蛋白的表达。结果 hTERT蛋白表达率在萎缩性胃炎、肠化生、异形增生和胃癌等不同胃黏膜癌变过程中呈递增趋势;hTERT蛋白的表达率在胃癌组织中显著高于异形增生、肠化生和萎缩性胃炎组织(P<0.05);在异形增生组织中显著高于肠化生和萎缩性胃炎组织(P<0.05);在肠化生组织中显著高于萎缩性胃炎组织(P<0.05)。Bcl-2蛋白表达率在萎缩性胃炎、肠化生、异形增生和胃癌等不同胃黏膜癌变过程中呈递增趋势;Bcl-2蛋白的表达率在胃癌组织中显著高于异形增生、肠化生和萎缩性胃炎组织(P<0.05);在异形增生组织中显著高于萎缩性胃炎组织(P<0.05),亦高于肠化生,但是相差无显著性;在肠化生组织中显著高于萎缩性胃炎组织(P<0.05)。Bel-2蛋白阳性患者hTERT蛋白表达率为71.43％,Bcl-2蛋白阴性患者hTERT蛋白表达率34.44％,hTERT蛋白表达率在Bcl-2蛋白阳性患者中显著高于Bcl-2蛋白阴性患者(P<0.01)。结论 在胃癌和胃癌前病变阶段,端粒酶(telomerase)与Bcl-2均可能发挥重要作用,促进了胃癌的发生、发展;Bcl-2表达增加可能是胃     

MUC6 down-regulation correlates with gastric carcinoma progression and a poor prognosis: an immunohistochemical study with tissue microarrays

Purpose MUC6 was first discovered by screening a gastric mucosa cDNA library and is expressed in the mucous cells of the neck zone and antral glands of the stomach. The aim of the present study was to clarify whether down-regulation has any clinicopathological or prognostic significance in gastric neoplasia.Methods Expression of MUC6, MUC5AC and MUC2 was examined using tissue microarrays for immunohistochemistry in gastric carcinomas (n = 225), adenomas (n = 40), and normal mucosa (n = 89) and compared with clinicopathological parameters and survival data.Results MUC6 expression was lower in gastric carcinomas than in adenomas or normal mucosa (P < 0.05) and inversely correlated with tumor size, depth of invasion, lymphatic and venous invasion, lymph node metastasis and UICC staging (P < 0.05). Positive links with expression of MUC2 and MUC5AC were noted (P < 0.05). MUC6 expression was lower in diffuse-type than intestinal-type lesions (P < 0.05). Kaplan–Meier analysis indicated that cumulative survival of patients with no MUC6 expression was significantly lower than with weak, moderate or strong expression in all and even advanced gastric carcinoma (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed three independent prognostic factors, depth of invasion, lymphatic and venous invasion, to concordantly affect the relationship between MUC6 expression and prognosis.Conclusions Down-regulation of MUC6 may contribute to malignant transformation of gastric epithelial cells and underlie the molecular bases of growth, invasion, metastasis and differentiation of gastric carcinoma. Altered expression might therefore be employed as an indicator of pathobiological behaviors and prognosis of gastric carcinoma.     

Significance and relationship between Cripto-1 and p-STAT3 expression in gastric cancer and precancerous lesions

AIM:To explore the relationship between Cripto-1 (CR-1) and tyrosine phosphorylation STAT3 (p-STAT3) expressions in gastric cancer (GC) and gastric carcinogensis and metastasis.METHODS: The PV9000 immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of CR-1 and p-STAT3 in 178 cases of GC, 95 matched normal gastric mucosa, 40 chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), 48 intestinal meta-plasia (IM) and 25 dysplasia (DYS). RESULTS: The positive rates of CR-1 and p-STAT3 expression were significantly higher in ...     

生存素和P53在胃癌组织芯片中的表达及意义

目的探讨胃癌组织中生存素、P53表达与胃癌临床病理特征和生物学预后的相关性及意义。方法将100例术前无放、化疗史的胃癌患者手术标本和30例对照组胃黏膜制成组织芯片,取样针直径2.0 mm。免疫组化法检测生存素、P53在胃癌中的表达,原位末端标记法(TUNEL 法)检测细胞凋亡指数(AI),分析其相互关系及与胃癌临床病理特征的相关性,对随访14个月～13年的47例患者作生存分析。结果 100例胃癌和30例对照组胃黏膜共获得2个组织芯片蜡块,分别含114和116个位点。在胃癌组织芯片中,生存素和 P53阳性表达为78%和52%,而对照组胃黏膜几乎无表达(P<0.01),生存素的阳性率与胃癌组织分化、淋巴结转移、血管神经(BV/N)侵犯及临床分期有关(P<0.05);生存素阳性组胃癌细胞 AI(3.2±1.0)明显低于阴性组(4.0±1.1,P<0.01)。P53表达在胃癌不同组织分化、临床分期和 BV/N 侵犯、淋巴结转移中差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),胃癌 P53表达与AI 无关(阳性组:3.5±1.2,阴性组:3.2±1.0;P>0.05)。在有随访结果的47例胃癌中,单因素 Cox 分析显示,BV/N 侵犯、临床分期及生存素表达均与预后有关(P<0.05),胃癌组织分化、P53表达与预后无关(P>0.05)。但经多因素 Cox 分析显示,只有临床分期、生存素表达具有独立的预后意义。结论生存素表达与胃癌病理形态特征、临床分期及预后密切相关,似可作为预测胃癌预后不良的指标。     

Th17、IL-17在幽门螺杆菌相关性胃癌中的研究进展

辅助性T细胞17(T helper cell17,Th17)是一种新发现的CD4+T细胞亚型,他以分泌白介素17(interleukin 17,IL-17)和表达转录因子RORγ为特征,在机体各种肿瘤和感染性疾病中起着重要作用.胃癌是一种与慢性幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,H.pylori)感染密切相关的恶性肿瘤,死亡率极高.研究发现,Th17及其分泌的IL-17在H.pylori感染所致的慢性萎缩性胃炎、胃溃疡、不典型增生、肠上皮化生及胃癌的发生、发展中起着不可忽视的作用,相关研究为胃癌的早期诊断、个性化防治、瘤苗开发和预后评价提供了新思路.     

淋巴管内皮细胞透明质酸受体-1在胃癌组织中的表达及意义

目的:探讨淋巴管内皮细胞透明质酸受体-1(LYVE-1)在胃癌组织中的表达及临床意义．方法:采用组织芯片技术和免疫组化方法对85例胃癌组织和40例正常胃组织中LYVE-1的表达及淋巴管密度(LVD)进行检测．结果:LYVE-1的阳性产物表达于淋巴管内皮细胞胞质中,呈棕黄色染色．胃癌组织中LYVE-1阳性LVD显著高于正常胃组织(7．89±2．14 vs 1．15±1．62,P<0．01);瘤周的LYVE-1阳性LVD明显高于瘤内组织(9．28±1．18 vs 4．75±1．19,P<0．01);低分化(9．21±2．32)、Ⅲ-Ⅳ期(9．46±2．45)、有淋巴结转移(9．37±3．39)和远处转移(9．55±3．50)的胃癌组织中LYVE-1阳性LVD分别比高中分化(7．56±2．24)、Ⅰ-Ⅱ期(7．58±2．36)、无淋巴结转移(7．23±2．74)和远处转移(7．35±2．25)的明显增高(P<0．01, P<0．05)．结论:胃癌组织内及瘤周的LYVE-1阳性LVD明显增高,提示胃癌组织内的新生淋巴管主要位于瘤周,从而促进了肿瘤淋巴道转移．应用组织芯片大规模高效检测临床组织标本是可行的,具有快速、方便、经济、准确的特点．     

十二指肠胃反流与胃黏膜炎症关系探讨

目的　探讨非溃疡性消化不良患者十二指肠胃反流 (DGR)与胃黏膜炎症改变之间的关系。方法　对 5 6例有腹痛、腹胀等症状的非溃疡性消化不良患者行胃镜检查及组织活检 ,并用便携式胆红素监测仪行 2 4h胃内胆红素监测 ,以反流总时间百分率 (% )作为评价胆汁反流严重度的主要观察指标 ,分析其与胃黏膜病变之间的关系。结果　高反流组及低反流组 (各 2 8例 )的Hp阳性率为 4 6 %(13/2 8例 )和 5 0 % (14 /2 8例 ,P >0 .0 5 )。内镜下各种病变的检出率分别为 :胃窦黏膜充血 10 0 %比71% (P <0 .0 5 )、出血点 /斑 18%比 11% (P >0 .0 5 )、糜烂 39%比 2 1% (P >0 .0 5 )、血管透见 14 %比14 % (P >0 .0 5 )、黏液湖或黏膜胆汁染色 4 6 %比 18% (P <0 .0 5 )。Hp阳性与Hp阴性组慢性炎症的严重度积分 [(1.77± 0 .80 )比 (1.0 7± 0 .75 ) ,P <0 .0 5 ]及活动性积分 [(1.4 8± 0 .85 )比 (0 .86± 0 .6 4 ) ,P <0 .0 5 ]差异有显著性。在Hp阳性组 ,胆汁反流严重度与肠化严重度相关 (r =0 .5 4 8,P <0 .0 5 )。在Hp阴性组 ,胆汁反流严重度与慢性炎症 (r =0 .4 86 ,P <0 .0 5 )、萎缩 (r =0 .4 76 ,P <0 .0 5 )及肠化 (r =0 .6 2 3,P <0 .0 1)等组织病理学改变的严重度相关。结论　非溃疡性消化不良患者不论是否存     

Calcitonin in human gastric mucosa and carcinoma

Summary The localization of immunoreactive calcitonin (IR-CT) in the human gastric mucosa and tumor tissues was studied using an immunohistochemical peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. A small number of IR-CT-containing cells were observed in both infant and adult gastric antral mucosa and the ratio of IR-CT-containing cells to G cells was about 1:50-100. Moreover, tissue content of IR-CT in normal antral mucosa was 2.37±0.35 ng/g wet weight. IR-CT-containing cells and G cells decreased with the progress of chronic atrophic gastritis and were totally absent in intestinal metaplastic glands. IR-CT was detected in G cells, suggesting a paracrine relation between gastrin and CT. IR-CT was not found in tumor cells of 35 gastric adenomas and 40 well differentiated adenocarcinomas. On the other hand, it was demonstrated in a very small number of tumor cells in 4 of 46 poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas, and in a good number in 3 of 7 scirrhous argyrophil cell carcinomas. IR-CT in plasma could serve, therefore, as a tumor marker of scirrhous endocrine cell carcinoma, and its production in cancer cells was considered to be eutopic rather than ectopic.Supported in part by Grant-in Aid for Cancer Research from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture (No. 59010074).     

错配修复基因和骨保护素在胃癌中的表达及意义

目的 研究胃癌组织中错配修复基因MSH2和骨保护素(OPG)的表达、两者间的相关性及与胃癌生物学行为的关系.方法 制备组织芯片,应用原位杂交和免疫组化技术检测220例胃癌组织中MSH2和OPG的表达情况.结果 MSH2 mRNA、OPG mRNA、MSH2蛋白和OPG蛋白在胃癌组织中的阳性表达率分别为57.3%、56.4%、59.6%和55.9%.MSH2和OPG表达均与胃痛的TNM分期、浸润深度、脉管侵犯、淋巴结转移和远处转移呈正相关,与分化程度呈负相关.胃癌中MSH2和OPG的表达呈正相关.MSH2和OPG阳性表达病例的平均生存时间和5年生存率明显低于阴性者.结论 胃癌中MSH2和OPG的表达上凋,且两者呈正相关.MSH2和OPG的表达与胃癌的临床病理特征相关,两者的联合测定有利于胃癌诊断和判断预后.