急性压力超负荷心脏局部碱性成纤维细胞生长因子和肾素血管紧 …

目的 探讨急性压力超负荷时心脏局部碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（ｂＦＧＦ）和肾素血管紧张素系统（ＲＡＳ）在心肌肥厚发病中的作用。方法 采用Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠腹主动脉部分结扎组（ＯＧ），并与假手术组（ＯＧ）对比检测６个小时相点（０．５小时，４小时，１天，５天，１０天和３０天）的左心室重量指数（ＬＶＷＩ）心肌局部ｂＦＧＦ和ＲＡＳ。结果 （１）ＯＧ中ＬＶＭＩ第５天增高（Ｐ〈０．０５），第１０天和第３０天更明显（     

大鼠压力反射敏感性可预测缺血性心律失常严重程度

以冠脉结扎方法制备大鼠急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）模型，观察压力反射敏感性（ＢＲＳ）与ＡＭＩ心律失常的关系，发现ＡＭＩ时发生室颤（ＶＦ）的动物ＢＲＳ明显低于未发生室颤者，ＢＲＳ值分别为２．０±１．１ｍｓ／ｋＰａ对４．８±１．６ｍｓ／ｋＰａ（Ｐ＜０．０１）．以心律失常积分进行心律失常严重程度评定，发现ＢＲＳ与ＡＭＩ时的心律失常积分呈负相关，ｒ＝－０．６２７，Ｐ＜０．０１。这一结果提示ＢＲＳ低的动物易发生ＡＭＩＶＦ；ＢＲＳ可作为ＡＭＩ心律失常严重程度预测的指标。     

经股静脉途径放置冠状静脉窦导管的初步应用

使用可屈性多极导管经股静脉径路（Ａ组）置入冠状静脉窦（ＣＳ），并与锁骨下静脉径路（Ｂ组）进行比较。发现经股静脉径路放置ＣＳ导管具有快速、安全、成功率高的优点。Ａ、Ｂ两组从穿刺血管到置入ＣＳ导管所需时间分别为１．５±０．５ｍｉｎ和２２．６±７．２ｍｉｎ（Ｐ＜０．００１）。经股静脉径路放置ＣＳ导管不仅能满足射频消融时标测的需要，而且可减少血管穿刺部位，降低并发症。     

肠易激综合征患者直肠容量感觉研究

目的研究肠易激综合征（ＩＢＳ）患者直肠对容量刺激的感觉。方法应用电子气压泵及灌注导管测压仪研究２０例ＩＢＳ患者及２０名正常人直肠对容量刺激的感觉、直肠顺应性及肛门直肠压力。结果发现ＩＢＳ患者肛门直肠括约肌静息压力为９．４９±２．２０ｋＰａ（１ｋＰａ＝７．５ｍｍＨｇ），收缩压为１５．３４±４．２９ｋＰａ，松弛压为６．６１±７．５１ｋＰａ，与正常人相似（Ｐ＞０．０５）；直肠顺应性亦无明显变化；但患者平均排便阈值及疼痛阈值分别为６９．００±１３．７３ｍｌ及１２３．００±３２．６２ｍｌ，明显低于正常人的１２８．８９±１７．６４ｍｌ和２１７．７８±４２．９５ｍｌ（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论直肠对容量刺激过度敏感是ＩＢＳ患者的重要表现之一，有助于解释ＩＢＳ患者的部分症状。直肠对容量的感觉阈值可能为判断ＩＢＳ疗效提供较好的方法     

射频导管消融改良房室结术中发生一过性完全性房室传导阻滞的预后意义

目的：探讨射频导管消融改良房室结术中发生一过性完全性房室传导阻滞（ＴＣＡＶＢ）的预后意义。方法：对５６例房室结折返性心动过速病人行射频导管消融治疗。在射频导管消融术中发生ＴＣＡＶＢ者为Ｉ组（ｎ＝６），无ＴＣＡＶＢ者为Ｉ组（ｎ＝５０）。用ｔ检验和χ２检验对所有指标进行统计学分析。结果：两组的平均放电次数、释放能量、放电时间及Ａ／Ｖ比值均无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５），但消融电极位置偏高者Ｉ组占６６．７％，Ｉ组占１２．０％（Ｐ＜０．００１）。在随访期间，Ｉ组２例（３３．３％）发生迟发性房室传导阻滞，Ｉ组则无迟发性房室传导阻滞发生（Ｐ＜０．００１）。结论：射频导管消融术中出现的ＴＣＡＶＢ与术后发生的迟发性房室传导阻滞密切相关。     

急性心肌梗死尿激酶溶栓治疗开始时间对疗效的影响

目的：为探讨治疗在急性心肌梗死（ＡＭＩ）发病后各不同时间开始用尿激酶（静脉法）对疗效的影响。方法：３７所协作医院收治的ＡＭＩ患者１１３８例按统一的治疗方案应用尿激酶，血管再通采用统一的临床间接指标标准判定。比较发病后不同时间开始用药患者的血管再通率和４周病死率。结果：发病后２小时内、２～４小时内、４～６小时内和６～１２小时开始用尿激酶的患者分别为１２８例、４６１例、４３４例和１１５例。其血管再通率分别为７１．９％、７０．１％、６３．６％和４０．０％；４周病死率分别为７．０％、６．５％、１２．２％和１３．９％。发病后２小时内和２～４小时内组血管再通率与４周病死率均无统计学差异，故合并为４小时内组，与４～６小时内组和６～１２小时组比较，血管再通率（７０．５％）都显著高于后两组，Ｐ均＜０．００１；４周病死率（６．６％）都明显低于后两组，Ｐ均＜０．０１。４～６小时内组与６～１２小时组比较：血管再通率前者显著高于后者，Ｐ＜０．００１；４周病死率无显著性差异。结论：ＡＭＩ在发病后４小时内开始用尿激酶治疗效果最佳     

口服型胰岛素微囊研制的初步报告

目的 观察改变了材料分子量、微囊粒径的的聚丙交酯胰岛素微囊（ＰＬＡ－ＭＣＩ）体外释药及大鼠口服后血糖的变化。方法 体外释药在磷酸盐缓冲液（ＰＢＳ）中进行,胰岛素测定用福林－酚法。体内实验由糖尿病大鼠口服ＰＬＡ－ＭＣＩ后每小时血糖测定反映,并与口服纯胰岛素的二组对照及同期饥饿对照组血糖进行比较。结果 ＰＬＡ－ＭＣＩ在ＰＢＳ中３～７小时内释放了５１．０％～７３．４％的胰岛素,１１小时后释放达稳态。口服     

老年人红细胞膜唾液酸含量与红细胞免疫功能的相关性

目的探讨老年人红细胞膜唾液酸（ＲＢＣｍ－ＳＡ）与红细胞免疫功能的相关性。方法采用Ｂｉａｌｓｃｈｅ试剂法检测ＲＢＣｍ－ＳＡ，Ｆ－８８３６化学比色法检测血浆唾液酸（Ｐ－ＳＡ），红细胞免疫粘附试验观察红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率（ＲＲＣＦ）。结果老年急性心肌梗死（ＡＭＩ）组和脑梗塞（ＡＣＩ）组的ＲＢＣｍ－ＳＡ分别为３０．８±４．３和３１．３±４．４μｇＮＡＮＡ／ｍｇ膜蛋白，ＲＲＣＦ分别为１６．７％±３．５％和１６．０％±３．６％，均低于老年对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１或０．０５），老年对照组均低于非老年对照组（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）；ＡＭＩ和ＡＣＩ患者的Ｐ－ＳＡ分别为２．４±０．４和２．４±０．３ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ，均高于老年对照组（均为Ｐ＜０．０５），老年对照组则高于非老年对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。老年患者和老年对照组的ＲＢＣｍ－ＳＡ与ＲＲＣＦ均呈正相关，而ＲＢＣｍ－ＳＡ与Ｐ－ＳＡ均呈负相关。结论老年人红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率降低与ＲＢＣｍ－ＳＡ代谢障碍有关。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征与高血压病：附240例监测报告

对２４０例患者行整夜多导睡眠图监测及睡前、醒后肘部血压测定，呼吸紊乱指数（ＡＨＩ）＞５的１００例为阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征组（ＯＳＡＳ组），１４０例ＡＨＩ≤５的为对照组，发现ＯＳＡＳ组由睡前血压１７．６±３．０／１１．８±１．９ｋＰａ（１３２．３±２２．５／８８．２±１４．６ｍｍＨｇ）至醒后血压１９．７±３１／１３．１±２．２ｋＰａ（１４７．８±２３．４／９８．６±１６．２ｍｍＨｇ）明显增高（Ｐ＜０．００１），较对照组睡前血压１５．５±１．５／１０．５±１．０ｋＰａ（１１６．２±１１．６／７８．４±７．６ｍｍＨｇ），醒后血压１５．０±１．５／１０．５±１．３ｋＰａ（１１２．４±１１．２／７８．６±１０．０ｍｍＨｇ）明显升高（Ｐ＜０．００１），ＯＳＡＳ组最低血氧饱和度６０．６±１８．２％较对照组８６．２±５．０％明显降低（Ｐ＜０．００１），ＯＳＡＳ组６８％确诊为高血压病，且ＯＳＡＳ经有效治疗后血压也下降接近正常或部分下降，提示ＯＳＡＳ患者夜间反复呼吸暂停引起的低氧血症可能是部分高血压病原因之一。     

冠状动脉重建术后氧输送和氧耗关系的探讨

观察３０例冠状动脉旁路移植术（ＣＡＢＧ）后氧输送指数（ＤＯ２Ｉ）、氧耗指数（ＶＯ２Ｉ）及其关系。其中单纯ＣＡＢＧ１５例，伴左室室壁瘤切除１２例，心脏瓣膜替换３例。全组架１～４支桥者分别是１０、８、８、４例。结果２９例成活，１例死亡。成活组术后即刻至３小时ＤＯ２Ｉ提高１０．６％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＶＯ２Ｉ增高１５．８％（Ｐ＜０．０１）．术后１４小时较６小时ＤＯ２Ｉ增加１５．８％（Ｐ＜０．０１），而ＶＯ２Ｉ降低４．４％。死亡例即刻至３小时ＤＯ２Ｉ增加６．０％，ＶＯ２Ｉ却降低２９．１％，死于多器官功能衰竭。资料表明，作为ＣＡＢＧ术后正常恢复经过，早期ＤＯ２Ｉ升高的同时ＶＯ２Ｉ也升高，此时，细胞内氧化磷酸化得到改善，氧债得到清偿。氧输送和氧耗达到平衡后ＶＯ２Ｉ不再增加。可见ＣＡＢＧ术后维持满意ＤＯ２Ｉ非常重要。     

核素显像对甲状旁腺功能亢进的诊断价值

目的评价3种核素显像方法在甲状旁腺功能亢进症(甲旁亢)诊断中的应用价值。方法35例拟诊甲旁亢患者进行了核素显像,包括201Tl/99mTcO4-减影法8例和99mTc-MIBI双时相法27例,后者有20例同时做了99mTc-MIBI/99mTcO4-减影法显像。阳性指标为减影或延迟图像上出现异常增高的放射性聚集灶,所有显像资料均参照临床最终诊断结果进行了评价,并与同期的B超或CT检查作了对比分析。结果确诊的35例甲旁亢患者,其中甲状旁腺腺瘤31例(异位1例)、甲状旁腺增生3例与甲状旁腺腺癌1例。201Tl/99mTcO4-减影法、99mTc-MIBI双时相法及99mTc-MIBI/99mTcO4-减影法显像诊断甲旁亢的灵敏度分别达62.5%、88.9%、90.0%,特异度均为100%,同期B超的灵敏度和特异度分别为74.3%和85.7%。另28例甲旁亢患者有CT资料,22例有阳性发现(78.6%)。99mTc-MIBI/99mTcO4-减影法显像较其它方法具有更高的诊断效能。结论核素显像能较准确地检测功能亢进的甲状旁腺,是患者术前定位的重要辅助诊断手段。     

Dipyridamole stress echocardiography and ultrasonic myocardial tissue characterization in predicting myocardial ischemia, in comparison with dipyridamole stress Tc-99m MIBI SPECT myocardial imaging

The purpose of this study was to validate whether dipyridamole stress ultrasonic tissue characterization with cyclic variation of integrated backscatter (CVIBS) compared with dipyridamole stress echocardiography and dipyridamole stress Tc99m-MIBI SPECT myocardial perfusion scintigraphy could predict myocardial ischemia in patients with chronic coronary artery disease. Twenty patients (16 M, 4 F) who had coronary angiography for stable angina pectoris were included in the study. Mean age was 62 +/- 8 years. The left ventricle was divided into 16 segments. Regional wall motion analysis and CVIBS measurements were obtained from 16 myocardial segments at rest and after dipyridamole (0.84 mg/kg) infusion. After 10 minutes, Tc-99m MIBI (10 mCi) was injected and SPECT myocardial imaging was performed. After 3 hours, 25 mCi Tc-99m MIBI was reinjected and rest images were obtained. A total of 320 ventricular wall segments were evaluated. Two hundred and six ventricular wall segments were supplied by stenotic coronary arteries and 114 segments were supplied by normal coronary arteries. Dipyridamole stress Tc-99m MIBI SPECT studies showed abnormal myocardial perfusion in 176 segments and normal perfusion in 144 segments. Transient regional wall motion abnormality was detected in 116 segments. A significant decrease in CVIBS after dipyridamole stress was detected in 184 segments. The sensitivity and specificity of dipyridamole stress echocardiography, Tc-99m MIBI SPECT, and CVIBS were 56% and 100%, 85% and 92%, and 89% and 100%, respectively, compared with the results from coronary angiography. Dipyridamole stress ultrasonic tissue characterization with CVIBS may provide more sensitive detection of myocardial ischemia than dipyridamole stress echocardiography and may be as valuable as dipyridamole stress myocardial perfusion scintigraphy.     

低剂量多巴酚丁胺负荷超声心动图预测初发急性心肌梗死后心室壁运动障碍的改善

目的：探讨低剂量多巴酚丁胺负荷超声心动图（ＬＤＤＳＥ）和９９ｍ锝甲氧基异丁基异腈（９９ｍＴｃＭＩＢＩ）心肌显像对初发急性心肌梗死患者心室壁运动障碍自发性改善的预测价值。方法：２７例初发急性心肌梗死患者于发病后１周内行ＬＤＤＳＥ试验，并随访４个月后的心室壁运动。９例溶栓治疗患者行９９ｍＴｃＭＩＢＩ心肌显像。结果：９例溶栓治疗患者中，６例发生缺血再灌注，随访时心室壁运动障碍改善。未发生缺血再灌注的３例患者中，２例随访时心室壁运动障碍改善，１例恶化。ＬＤＤＳＥ试验对急性心肌梗死后心室壁运动障碍自发性改善预测的敏感性、特异性分别为７１％和８４％，阳性预测值和阴性预测值均为７８％。结论：ＬＤＤＳＥ试验对初发急性心肌梗死后心室壁运动障碍的自发性改善有较高的预测价值     

小剂量多巴酚丁胺超声心动图与硝酸甘油介入~(99m)Tc-MIBI的心肌灌注显像估测存活心肌

目的　探讨小剂量多巴酚丁胺超声心动图 (LDDE)与含服硝酸甘油 (NTG)介入99mTc 甲氧基异丁基异睛 (MIBI)的心肌灌注显像在心肌存活估测中的价值。方法　对 17例心肌梗死患者分别行静息 NTG介入99mTc MIBI和小剂量多巴酚丁胺超声心动图的检查 ,经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术或冠状动脉旁路移植术后一个月重复基础超声心动检查 ,并进行对比分析。结果　 17例患者于基础超声心动检查 ,共有 94个心肌节段运动异常 ,在其中 5 0个低动力心肌节段中 ,两种方法一致性节段 2 9个 (5 8% ,P >0 .0 5 ) ;在 44个无动力心肌节段中两种方法一致性节段 16个 (36 % ,P<0 .0 5 )。两种方法对低动力心肌节段功能恢复的预测差异无显著性意义 (P>0 .0 5 ) ;而对无动力心肌节段 ,LDDE较NTG介入 99m　Tc MIBI心肌灌注显像有较高的特异性 (90 .9%vs 6 4.7% ,P <0 .0 5 )和较低的敏感性 (6 3.6 %vs88.9% ,P <0 .0 5 )。对整个运动障碍节段功能恢复的预测 ,LDDE较NTG介入99mTc MIBI心肌灌注显像有较高的特异性 (87.2 %vs 6 8.2 % ,P <0 .0 5 )。结论　两种方法对低动力心肌节段的预测有良好的一致性 ,LDDE对整个运动障碍节段功能恢复的预测有较高的特异性。     

冠状动脉造影正常的心肌梗塞患者核素心肌灌注显像

目的 :分析冠状动脉造影正常的心肌梗塞患者核素心肌灌注显像表现。　　方法 :回顾总结了 18例冠状动脉造影正常的心肌梗塞患者 99m锝 -甲氧基异丁基异腈 (99m Tc- MIBI)静息心肌断层显像。　　结果 :18例心肌梗塞患者心肌灌注显像均显示异常 ,12例有节段性缺损 ,6例未见缺损但可见心肌节段性稀疏。心肌灌注显像对心肌梗塞的定位与心电图 Q波比较 ,显示病变部位更明确。　　结论 :心肌灌注显像提供了冠状动脉造影正常的心肌梗塞患者心肌损伤部位及程度。     

Single-photon emission computed tomography in diagnosis of left ventricular post-infarction aneurysm

AIM: To assess value of single-photon emission computed tomography with (99m)Tc-sestamibi ((99m)Tc MIBI SPECT) for detection of post-infarction left ventricular aneurysm in patients with coronary artery disease. MATERIAL: Fifty nine patients were operated upon because of coronary heart disease. In 27 patients with post-infarction left ventricular aneurysm modified Dor operation (aneurysmectomy with endoventricular circular patch plasty reconstruction) was performed. In 24 patients with extended cardiosclerosis direct myocardial revascularization was conducted. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Comparison of (99m)Tc MIBI SPECT data obtained at rest and during dobutamine stress test revealed some diagnostic features characteristic of patients with left ventricular post-infarction aneurysm. Quantitative and qualitative assessment of viability of myocardium in basal and "borderline" zones influenced not only the volume of revascularization, it was important for preliminary determination of post-infarction left ventricular aneurysm resection level, selection of type of plasty, prognostication of complications in immediate and remote postoperative periods.     

硝酸甘油介入~(99m)Tc-甲氧基异丁基异腈心肌灌注断层显像评估存活心肌

目的　评估静息及硝酸甘油介入99mTc 甲氧基异丁基异腈 (99mTc MIBI)心肌灌注断层显像在存活心肌检测中的应用价值。方法　对心肌梗死 2 0例于血管重建术前分别行静态及硝酸甘油介入显像 ,血管重建术后 1个月重复静息心肌显像并进行对比分析。结果　 2 0例共有 1 4 4个异常灌注的心肌节段 ,硝酸甘油介入后有 72个心肌节段灌注改善 ,血管重建术后有 77个心肌节段灌注改善。硝酸甘油介入改善的 72个节段术后有 62个节段改善 ;而术前无改善的 72个节段术后只有 1 5个节段改善 ,硝酸甘油介入99mTc MIBI心肌灌注显像对存活心肌预测的阳性预测值为 86 .1 % ,阴性预测值为 79.2 % ,预测准确率为 82 .6%。结论　硝酸甘油介入99mTc MIBI心肌灌注断层显像是可供临床检测心肌存活的安全、有价值的方法     

Technetium Tc 99m sestamibi myocardial perfusion imaging: current role for evaluation of prognosis.

Like 201Tl imaging, technetium Tc 99m sestamibi (MIBI) myocardial imaging can be used with exercise and pharmacologic testing to assess the presence of coronary artery disease. An increasing body of literature indicates that MIBI can also be used to assess risk of future cardiac events such as myocardial infarction or death. This article summarizes the current status of MIBI imaging for evaluating prognosis in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease.     

~(99)Tc~m-MIBI运动-静息心肌灌注断层显像检测PTCA治疗后再狭窄临床价值

目的　评价 99Tcm- MIBI运动 -静息心肌显像预测经皮腔内冠状动脉成形术 (PTCA )再狭窄临床价值。方法　回顾分析 PTCA后有运动 /静息心肌灌注显像和冠状动脉造影资料完整的 6 0例确诊为冠心病病人 ,根据是否有心肌梗死分两组 ,分析心肌灌注显像结果 ,并与冠状动脉造影结果对比。结果　 99Tcm- MIBI运动 -静息心肌断层显像预测再狭窄的敏感性和特异性分别为 79% ,90 % ,对左前降支 ,左回旋支 ,右冠状动脉再狭窄预测的敏感性和特异性分别为 74～ 84 % ,5 3～ 90 % ,5 0～ 6 0 %。结论　 99Tcm- MIBI运动 -静息心肌灌注断层显像是预测 PTCA术后再狭窄较特异的方法。     

Simultaneous assessment of left ventricular wall motion and myocardial perfusion at rest and during exercise by technetium-99m methoxy isobutyl isonitrile.

First-pass radionuclide ventriculography followed by myocardial SPECT with technetium-99m methoxy isobutyl isonitrile (Tc-99m MIBI) was performed on 12 patients with suspected coronary artery disease at rest and during exercise. Left ventricular wall motion and myocardial perfusion were assessed simultaneously and compared on a segment-by-segment basis. Segmental agreement between Tc-99m MIBI and Tl-201 with regard to the presence of perfusion defects was 95% (57/60) at rest and 93% (37/40) during exercise. With respect to the assessment of myocardial ischemia and/or infarction, abnormalities in regional wall motion agreed with the presence of myocardial perfusion defects in 18 out of 21 segments (86%). Simultaneous evaluation of regional wall motion and myocardial perfusion by Tc-99m MIBI may provide useful information for the assessment of myocardial ischemia.