腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性胆囊炎158例临床分析

目的: 分析腹腔镜下治疗急性胆囊炎的临床经验.方法: 对158例行腹腔镜下胆囊切除术的急性胆囊炎的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果: 152例单纯性胆囊结石中147例LC成功,5例因炎症粘连明显而中转开腹.56例术中胆道造影成功,显示胆总管结石6例,其中2例行LC联合术中胆道镜取石,4例中转开腹行胆总管切开取石T管引流.全组无严重并发症发生.结论: 运用适当的手术技巧,大多数急性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除是安全可靠的.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性胆囊炎188例报告

1997年 11月～ 2 0 0 1年 11月 ,我院共施行腹腔镜胆囊切除术 (ＬＣ) 162 0例 ,其中急性胆囊炎 188例 ,现进行回顾性总结 ,并对适应证和中转开腹胆囊切除术 (ＯＣ)以及术中手术要点进行讨论。临床资料1.临床资料 :本组急性胆囊炎 188例 ,男 68例 ,女 12 0例 ,年龄 18～ 80岁 ,平均 47岁。急性胆囊炎结石性原因 172例 ,非结石性原因 16例 ,其中胆囊息肉 7例。发作时间 48ｈ～ 10ｄ ,其中 3 8例每个月均有不同程度发作 ,41例合并有不同程度高血压、糖尿病、冠心病等。2 .手术方法 :采用美国史赛克 (Ｓｔｒｙｋｅｒ)生产的腹腔镜全套设备 ,使用…     

急性胆囊炎腹腔镜胆囊切除术

目的探讨急性胆囊炎腹腔镜胆囊切除术的手术技巧。方法2001年6月～2009年6月为269例急性胆囊炎患者施行LC术,分析总结临床资料。结果手术成功245例,中转开腹24例,245例均放置引流管,所有病例均痊愈出院无其他严重并发症。结论严格按照腹腔镜手术基本原则并掌握一定的手术技巧,有助于顺利完成急性胆囊炎腹腔镜胆囊切除术,并有效预防手术并发症。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性胆囊炎伴胆囊颈部结石158例

目的：报告腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性胆囊炎伴胆囊颈部结石的治疗体会。方法：对158例急性胆囊炎伴胆囊颈部结石患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术,分别采用胆囊顺行切除、逆行切除和顺逆结合切除的方法。结果：158例中156例成功完成手术,2例中转开腹,术后均恢复顺利。结论：腹腔镜胆囊切除术中对不同情况的胆囊颈部结石采用不同的处理方法,可以有效避免术中胆管损伤等严重并发症。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性胆囊炎

目的 评价腹腔镜胆切除术（ＬＣ）治疗急性胆囊炎的手术指证,手术时机和手术经验。方法 对１９９３年４月～２０００年３月ＬＣ治疗急性胆囊炎４２例的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 术前发病时间〉７２小时者（９例）与〈７２小时者（３３例）的比较,后者行ＬＣ的平均手术时间及术后平均住院日均较短,中转开工发症率及平均住院费用亦较低,坏疽性胆囊炎组的中转开腹率明显高于非坏疽性胆囊炎组（Ｐ〈０．０５）,结论 急性胆     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性胆囊炎109例

腹腔镜胆囊切除术（laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC）20世纪90年代初引进我国并开始逐渐普及,在治疗胆囊结石、急慢性胆囊炎、胆囊息肉等良性胆囊疾病方面,已经逐步取代了开腹胆囊切除术并成为胆囊切除的标准手术。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性胆囊炎87例体会

目的总结腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）治疗急性胆囊炎（AC）的经验。方法回顾分析87例AC患者行LC的临床资料。结果本组顺利完成LC 75例，成功率86．2％，中转开腹手术12例，中转率13．8％。无胆管损伤、腹腔出血、胆瘘、胆道结石残留等严重并发症发生，均治愈出院。结论LC治疗AC安全有效，熟练的镜下操作技巧、选择合适的手术时机、适当放宽中转开腹手术指征是手术成功的关键。     

急性胆囊炎腹腔镜胆囊切除术420例报告

目的:探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)治疗急性胆囊炎的可行性及安全性。方法:回顾分析2000年2月至2011年8月为420例急性胆囊炎患者行LC的临床资料。结果:402例顺利完成LC。18例中转开腹行胆囊切除术,其中Mirizzi综合征5例,胆囊三角"冰冻样"粘连12例,1例胆总管损伤行胆管修补及T管引流术,术后6个月拔除T管。5例术后发生胆漏,均保守治疗痊愈。术后随访6～12个月,无胆管狭窄、胆管残余结石、残余小胆囊等严重并发症发生。结论:只要术者熟练掌握操作技巧,提高术中应变能力,为急性胆囊炎患者行LC是安全可行的。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性胆囊炎（附238例报告）

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术（laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC）治疗急性胆囊炎及慢性胆囊炎急性发作的疗效。方法2003年5月-2007年11月对238例急性胆囊炎及慢性胆囊炎急性发作施行四孔法LC,腹腔内压力控制在11-13mm Hg,对一些年老体弱的患者,气腹压力控制在10mm Hg。若术中探查发现胆囊三角水肿明显,解剖困难,则逆行切除胆囊;若术中发现胆囊管内结石嵌顿,则尽量将结石挤入胆囊后切除胆囊,为防止胆囊管内结石进入胆总管,术中经胆囊管行胆道造影,除外胆管结石。结果220例LC成功;18例中转开腹：术中出血及解剖困难12例,术中发现胆管结石6例。2例术后出血,经二次手术止血后康复出院。6例术后2-4d发生胆漏,引流量较少,每天50-80ml,采取保守治疗（禁食,静脉补液和静脉用抗生素）后治愈。238例术后随访1-12个月,平均6个月,未出现术后并发症。结论LC治疗急性胆囊炎或慢性胆囊炎急性发作可行且有效,但应选择恰当的手术时机,解剖胆囊三角显露胆囊管是手术的关键,当腹腔镜手术遇困难时,应适时中转开腹手术。     

急性胆囊炎腹腔镜胆囊切除术108例临床体会

目的:总结腹腔镜下处理急性胆囊炎的临床经验。方法:回顾性分析2003年1月-2005年12月108例腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)治疗急性胆囊炎(acute cholecystitis,AC)的临床资料。结果:102例LC成功,6例因炎症粘严重而中转开腹,全组无严重并发症发生。结论:绝大多数急性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术安全可行。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性胆囊炎168例

目的 总结急性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术（laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC）的经验体会。方法 2002年1月～2006年12月168例急性胆囊炎行LC。CO2气体建立气腹,常规四孔法。结果 159例成功完成LC,9例因胆囊粘连致密易出血中转开腹,其中1例Mirizzi综合征Ⅱ型。28例温氏孔放置引流管。168例随访3～60个月,平均36.5月,无并发症发生,无死亡病例。结论 严格掌握急性胆囊炎腹腔镜手术治疗的指征,规范腹腔镜操作技术,适时中转开腹,合理放置引流,是保证手术成功的关键。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术在急性胆囊炎中的应用

目的评价急性胆囊炎中应用腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)的方法和疗效. 方法回顾分析1998年8月～2003年8月LC治疗急性胆囊炎201例. 结果本组均于入院24 h内行LC.完成LC 192例(95.52%),中转开腹9例.手术时间40～150 min,平均85 min.随访2～12个月,无并发症. 结论急性胆囊炎中应用LC难度大、变异多,但只要严格掌握手术适应证和手术技巧,在基层医院开展LC是可行的.     

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis

Summary Because laparoscopic cholecystectomy reduces hospitalization time and postoperative disability, it is being offered to an increasing number of patients with symptomatic gallstones. Nevertheless, acute cholecystitis is still considered by many surgeons to be a relative contraindication. Our standard approach has been to perform laparoscopy on all patients considered candidates for cholecystectomy. From June 1990 to October 1991, the authors personally performed laparoscopic cholecystectomy on 110 patients, 29 (26%) of whom had pathologically confirmed acute cholecystitis. Of these, nine had evidence of gangrene, perforation, or abscess formation. It was necessary to convert to open cholecystectomy in four (14%) patients. In each, inflammation or dense adhesions precluded the performance of a safe operation. The hepatorenal space was drained in 12 (41%) and cystic dust cholangiograms were performed selectively. The mean operating time was 108 min. There were no intraoperative complications. One patient developed a prolonged postoperative paralytic ileus and two patients were noted to have postoperative common duct stones. There were no deaths. The average postoperative stay for laparoscopic cholecystectomy was 2.6 days. We conclude that the advantages of laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be safely and effectively extended to the majority of patients with acute cholecystitis.     

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis

The application of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (Lap. C) for acute cholecystitis (AC) remains controversial from the viewpoint of its higher rate of morbidity, and conversion to open surgery, in spite of the worldwide acceptance of Lap. C as the gold standard for the treatment of patients with symptomatic gallbladder diseases. The conversion rate has been reported to decrease with experience. Local and overall complication rates were shown to correlate with the time delay between the onset of acute symptoms and the operation. Although percutaneous gallbladder drainage (PGBD) has been reported to be a safe and effective procedure for the treatment of AC, it should be limited to high-risk groups such as elderly or critically ill patients. Early cholecystectomy within 4 days from the onset is strongly recommended to minimize surgical complications and to increase the chance of a successful laparoscopic approach. Received: April 29, 2002 / Accepted: May 30, 2002 Offprint requests to: S. Kitano     

急性胆囊炎腹腔镜胆囊切除术79例临床分析

目的总结腹腔镜下处理急性胆囊炎的临床经验. 方法回顾性分析2002年9月～2003年8月79例腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)治疗急性胆囊炎(acute cholecystitis,AC)的临床资料. 结果 75例术中胆道造影成功,显示胆总管结石6例,其中4例行LC联合术中内镜括约肌切开取石,2例中转开腹行胆总管切开取石T管引流.单纯胆囊结石73例,70例LC成功,3例因炎症粘连明显而中转开腹.全组无严重并发症发生. 结论绝大多数急性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术安全可行.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性结石性胆囊炎临床体会

目的：探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术（laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC）治疗急性结石性胆囊炎的手术及操作要点。方法：回顾分析我院2000年3月-2009年8月行LC治疗的1260例急性胆囊炎并胆囊结石病例。结果：顺利完成LC1220例,中转开腹胆囊切除术40例,无术中大出血、肝外胆管损伤而中转开腹的病例。无术后胆汁漏、腹腔内出血等严重并发症发生。所有患者随访3月～1年,无胆管狭窄等相关并发症发生。结论：LC治疗急性胆囊炎安全可行,术者必须充分了解LC操作要点和熟练掌握操作技术。     

老年急性胆囊炎腹腔镜胆囊切除术

目的总结老年急性胆囊炎腹腔镜胆囊切除术（laparoscopic cholecystectomy，LC）经验。方法回顾性分析279例LC临床资料，其中急性结石性胆囊炎263例，单纯胆囊腺瘤8例，单纯胆囊息肉样病变5例，无明显原因3例。结果LC手术成功率87．5％（244／279），中转开腹手术35例，无严重并发症，无手术死亡。结论老年人常合并其他脏器疾病，LC围手术期危险性增高，应严格掌握手术适应证，正确处理合并症，术中放宽中转开腹指征是预防和减少并发症的关键。     

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis in elderly patients.

BACKGROUND: Acute cholecystitis is the major complication of biliary lithiasis, for which laparoscopic treatment has been established as the standard therapy. With longer life expectancy, acute cholecystitis has often been seen in elderly patients (>65 years old) and is often accompanied by comorbity and severe complications. We sought to compare the outcome of laparoscopic treatment for acute cholecystitis with special focus on comparison between elderly and nonelderly patients. METHOD: This study was a prospective analysis of 190 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy due to acute cholecystitis or chronic acute cholecystitis, comparing elderly and nonelderly patients. RESULTS: Of 190 patients, 39 (21%) were elderly (>65 years old) and 151 (79%) were not elderly (< or =65 years), with conversion rates of 10.3% and 6.6% (P=0.49), respectively. The incidence of postoperative complications in elderly and nonelderly patients were the following, respectively: atelectasis 5.1% and 2.0% (P=0.27); respiratory infection 5.1% and 2.7% (P=0.6); bile leakage 5.1% and 2.0% (P=0.27), and intraabdominal abscess 1 case (0.7%) and no incidence (P = 1). CONCLUSION: According to our data, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a safe and efficient procedure for the treatment of acute cholecystitis in patients older than 65 years of age.     

急性胆囊炎腹腔镜胆囊切除术93例体会

目的总结腹腔镜下处理急性胆囊炎的临床经验。方法回顾性分析2003年5月-2005年5月93例急性胆囊炎行腹腔镜手术治疗的临床资料，其中15例术前确诊胆总管结石而先行内镜逆行胰胆管造影（endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography，ERCP）联合内镜括约肌切开（endoscopic sphincterotomy，EST）取石，6例疑似胆道结石者行术中胆道造影。均于48h内完成LC。结果91例（97．8％）手术成功，2例（2．2％）中转开腹。手术时间35—160min，平均65min。术后胆囊管残端漏3例（3．2％），胆道残余结石3例（3．2％），经开腹手术结合ERCP、EST、鼻胆管引流（endoscopic nasobiliary drainage，ENBD）治愈，全组无医源性损伤。结论选择性应用ERCP和EST，腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性胆囊炎是安全可行的，但中转开腹及并发症的发生率高。