树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀粘结性能和防龋性能的研究

目的对比树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀与临床普遍使用的复合树脂型正畸釉质粘结剂的抗剪切力,探讨树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀对牙釉质面脱矿的影响.方法本研究实验一把45颗离体牙随机分成3组,分别使用复合树脂型正畸釉质粘结剂,树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀及在牙面用厂家提供的处理液进行表面处理后使用树脂加强型玻璃离子门汀粘结正畸托槽.使用材料万能试验机测量各样本的抗剪切力.实验二在离体条件下,对分别使用树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀,复合树脂型正畸釉质粘结剂粘托槽的釉质面进行人工脱矿,用偏振光显微镜观察釉质面的脱钙程度.结果使用树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀粘结托槽时,其抗剪切力与临床普遍使用的复合树脂型正畸釉质粘结剂接近,使用树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀粘结托槽,釉质面未见明显脱矿区.结论树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀可能是一种适合临床使用的理想托槽粘结剂.     

树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀临床初步应用的研究

目的了解树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀在临床使用的脱落率,探讨树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀在临床使用的可行性.方法20名正畸初诊患者的上颌左右侧分别使用正畸用树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀,复合树脂型正畸釉质粘结剂粘结正畸托槽,观察其临床脱落率.结果树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀粘结托槽的脱落率与临床普遍使用的复合树脂型正畸釉质粘结剂粘结托槽的脱落率相似.结论树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀可以满足临床需要.     

树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀临床初步应用的研究

目的 :临床普遍使用的复合树脂型正畸釉质粘结剂有许多不足之处 ,如在粘结过程和去粘结过程中导致釉质的丧失 ;托槽周围因菌斑积聚和停留导致脱矿等。玻璃离子水门汀因具有能与牙釉质形成化学性粘结 ,能在潮湿环境中使用 ,具有抗龋性等特性而成为替代传统正畸粘结剂的理想选择。但传统型玻璃离子水门汀的粘结力比复合树脂粘结剂低 ,影响了其在临床的广泛应用。如何提高玻璃离子水门汀的粘结性能 ,使其适合正畸临床粘结的需要一直是研究者们关注的热点。近年来出现的树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀进行了这方面的尝试。材料和方法 :本研究在 2 0名正畸初诊患者的上颌左右侧分别使用正畸用树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀 ,复合树脂型正畸釉质粘结剂粘结正畸托槽 ,观察其临床脱落率。其主要目的为了解树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀在临床使用的脱落率 ,探讨树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀在临床使用的可行性。结果 :托槽粘结后一个月 ,统计托槽的脱落情况 ,结果如下 :用树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀粘结的 88个托槽有 5个脱落 (2 .3% ) ;而用复合树脂粘结的 88个托槽有 4个脱落 (3.4 % )。卡方检验结果 (df=1,x2 =0 .117,p >0 .0 5 )显示 ,两种粘结剂的脱落率无显著性差异。结论 :树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀粘结托槽的脱落率与使用     

玻璃离子粘固正畸附件的临床研究

本研究通过临床观察托槽及带环粘结后脱落的情况，比较玻璃离子与京津釉质粘合剂粘结托槽的临床效果以及比较玻璃子与磷酸锌粘固粉粘结带环的临床效果。结果发现：１、托槽脱落率；玻璃离子为１３．２４％，京津釉质粘结剂为１２．３５％，两者差异无显著性；２、带环脱落率：玻璃离子为５．６３％，磷酸锌粘固粉为２３．７５％，两者有高度显著性差异。提示玻璃离子可选择为正畸粘结材料。本文还讨论了玻璃离子在正畸治疗中应用的优     

树脂加强型玻璃离子粘固剂预防固定矫治中牙釉质脱矿的临床观察

目的：观察树脂加强型玻璃离子粘固剂粘接托槽后牙釉质脱矿的发生率及脱矿程度。方法：对89名患者1532个牙齿的矫治器托槽分别应用树脂加强型玻璃离子粘固剂和传统粘结剂粘接,并进行自身配对研究,观察固定矫治器拆除后牙釉质脱矿的情况。结果：使用树脂加强型玻璃离子粘固剂侧脱矿发生率为14.74%,使用传统粘结剂侧脱矿发生率为43.26%,两者比较差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：树脂加强型玻璃离子粘固剂对于固定矫治器正畸治疗中牙釉质脱矿有较好的预防作用。     

硬质树脂贴面的微漏实验研究

实验观察，ＥＭ釉质粘合剂、京津釉质粘合剂和光固化树脂与硬质树脂贴面的边缘封闭性要高于釉质粘接的边缘封闭性，三种粘结树脂的边缘封闭性相同。三种粘结剂粘接硬质树脂贴面的微漏程度无差异。ＥＭ釉质粘结剂和京津釉质粘合剂的微漏程度，颈部大于切端；光固化树脂颈部与切端的微漏程度无差异。     

正畸树脂加强型玻璃离子光敏粘结剂微渗漏的研究

目的：研究新型正畸树脂加强型玻璃离子光敏粘结剂的微渗漏,为临床正畸粘结材料的选择提供依据。方法：选取新鲜拔除的第一前磨牙24颗,分成A1,A2两组,A1组：正畸复合树脂光敏粘接剂（3M）,A2：正畸树脂加强型玻璃离子光敏粘接剂（GC）。所有样本经过2000次冷热循环（5～55℃）后,浸泡于0.5%的碱性品红24 h,样本切片,低倍体视显微镜下拍照测量微渗漏情况,扫描电镜观察样本的釉质-粘结剂界面。结果：树脂加强型玻璃离子光敏粘接剂（GC）在两个界面的微渗漏均大于复合树脂光敏粘结剂（3M）,差别具有显著统计学意义。结论：树脂加强型玻璃离子光敏粘结剂有较大的微渗漏,在正畸粘结应用中值得关注。     

树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀防龋性能的研究

许多研究发现[1,2],使用固定矫治器治疗,在带环和托槽周围易发生白色斑点样的早期龋损表现。釉质脱矿的程度可从仅限于显微结构的变化到白色斑点的产生以至龋坏。在正畸治疗过程中,局部使用氟能显著减少釉质的脱矿已被许多学者的研究所证实[3,4]。大约30年前被应用于牙科领域的玻璃离子水门汀,因具有缓释氟的特性而成为一种极具希望的正畸粘结剂。本研究在离体条件下,对分别使用正畸用树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀、复合树脂型正畸釉质粘结剂粘结正畸托槽的釉质面进行人工脱矿,旨在探讨树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀对釉质面脱矿的影响。1　材料和…     

光固化树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀粘结性能的研究

目的　了解光固化树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀在不同条件下的粘结性能 ,探讨一种更简便 ,不太注意污染的粘结方法。方法　 10 5颗因正畸原因拔除的健康双尖牙分成七组 ,在不同条件下 (酸蚀 /百酸蚀后干燥 /被水或唾液污染 )粘结脱槽 ,做冷热循环实验后 ,测剪切强度及粘结剂残余指数。结果　光固化树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀可以替代复合树脂粘结剂 ,不要求严格隔湿。     

氧化锌丁香油对3种永久粘固剂剪切强度影响的研究

目的研究氧化锌丁香油对3种永久粘固剂与牙本质间粘结强度的影响。方法将因正畸需要拔除的60颗前磨牙制成试样块并用树脂包埋,一面暴露作为测试面,去除其釉质暴露浅层牙本质并用砂纸磨平。分为玻璃离子组(Ⅰ组)、树脂改性玻璃离子体组(Ⅱ组)、树脂粘结剂组(Ⅲ组),然后各组再分为对照组(A组),氧化锌丁香油组(B组),每组10个试样。在万能试验机上测试4 mm直径树脂块在A、B两种条件下用3种永久粘结剂粘固后的剪切强度。并用扫描显微镜观察剪切后试样表面形貌。结果 3组受氧化锌丁香油影响较大((3.22±1.47)MPa对比(1.22±0.35)MPa,P=0.001),1组、2组在A、B两种条件下剪切强度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论使用氧化锌丁香油粘固剂预处理牙本质表面,对树脂类粘固剂有不利影响,而对玻璃离子和树脂改性玻璃离子体无不利影响。     

4种牙色充填材料与乳牙粘结强度的比较研究

目的：比较4种牙色充填材料与乳磨牙的剪切粘结强度,为临床应用提供理论依据。方法：选用滞留乳磨牙80颗,随机分成8组,分别用复合树脂、多聚酸改良复合树脂、树脂改良玻璃离子、玻璃离子及相对应的酸蚀粘结剂或齿面处理剂按使用说明制作牙釉质和牙本质粘结试件,测定其剪切强度,并在体视显微镜下观察试件断面界面破坏情况。结果：4种牙色材料的剪切强度牙釉质组均明显高于牙本质组,复合树脂与多聚酸改良复合树脂组牙质剪切粘结强度无统计学差异,其它任意两组之间均有高度统计学差异。结论：复合树脂与多聚酸改良复合树脂牙质粘结强度无明显差别,均高于玻璃离子和树脂改良玻璃离子,以玻璃离子粘结强度最低。     

Effect of using self-etching primer for bonding orthodontic brackets

Questions over the use of self-etching primers with composite resin adhesives in the bonding of orthodontic brackets remain unsolved. In addition, there are no previous reports on the efficacy of self-etching primers with resin-modified glass ionomer cements for bonding orthodontic brackets in orthodontic dentistry. The purpose of this study was to determine the shear bond strengths of orthodontic brackets bonded with one of four protocols: (1) a composite resin adhesive used with 40% phosphoric acid, (2) the same composite resin used with Megabond self-etching primer, (3) a resin-modified glass ionomer cement adhesive used with 10% polyacrylic acid enamel conditioner, and (4) the same resin-modified glass ionomer cement used with Megabond self-etching primer. The appearance of the tooth surfaces after acid etching or priming was observed with a field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). When used with resin-modified glass ionomer cement, Megabond self-etching primer gave no significantly different shear bond strength compared with polyacrylic acid etching. But when used with composite resin adhesive, Megabond self-etching primer gave significantly lower shear bond strength than phosphoric acid etching. However, the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded with composite resin adhesive after Megabond priming was almost the same as that of brackets bonded with resin-modified glass ionomer cement after polyacrylic acid etching. FE-SEM observation revealed that Megabond self-etching primer produced less dissolution of enamel surface than did phosphoric acid and polyacrylic acid etching. Megabond self-etching primer may be a candidate for bonding orthodontic brackets using the resin-modified glass ionomer cement for minimizing the amount of enamel loss.     

用于正畸托槽粘接的玻璃离子粘固剂的抗剪切强度

目的　研究用于正畸托槽粘接的树脂改良型玻璃离子粘固剂的抗剪切强度。方法　 30颗离体前磨牙平均分为 2组。一组用树脂改良型玻璃离子粘固剂 (Advance)粘接方丝弓正畸托槽 ,另一组用复合树脂釉质粘接剂 (DM)粘接。 2 4h后用材料力学试验机检测两种材料的抗剪切强度 ,统计牙面上粘接材料的残留指数。结果　 2种粘接材料的抗剪切强度相似 [玻璃离子粘固剂为 (6 86 2±2 142 )MPa,复合树脂粘接剂为 (7 183± 3 2 0 5 )Mpa],差异无显著性。结论　体外研究中 ,树脂改良型玻璃离子粘固剂的抗剪切强度已达到复合树脂釉质粘接剂的水平 ,具有临床应用前景     

Effects of thermocycling on the bond strength of a resin-modified glass ionomer cement: an in vitro comparative study

This study investigated the effects of thermally induced stresses (thermocycling) on the shear bond strength of resin-modified, chemically cured, glass ionomer cement for use as an orthodontic bonding agent. A conventional no-mix composite resin was also used as a control. Mesh-based metal orthodontic brackets were bonded to extracted human premolars using either the resin-modified glass ionomer cement or the no-mix composite resin. Specimens were stored either in water at 37 degrees C for 24 hours for baseline data or thermocycled between 5 degrees C and 55 degrees C for 200 and 20,000 cycles before testing the in vitro shear bond strengths. Thermocycling reduced shear bond strengths for all specimens. The resin-modified glass ionomer cement showed a 11.1% decrease after 200 thermocycles and 26.5% decrease after 20,000 thermocycles, whereas the no-mix adhesive resin showed only 5.7% and 17.9% reductions, respectively. Analysis of variance showed statistically significant differences between the mean shear bond strengths of the groups at the P < .001 level of significance. For the resin-modified glass ionomer cement groups, the predominant bond failure site was at the bracket-adhesive interface. The results of this study suggest strongly that resin-modified glass ionomer cements offer a viable alternative to conventional no-mix composite resins, with satisfactory in vitro shear bond strength even after 20,000 thermocycles.     

Comparison of shear bond strength of three bonding agents with metal and ceramic brackets.

Shear bond strengths of a light-cured composite resin, a light-cured glass ionomer cement, and a light-cured compomer used with metal and ceramic brackets were compared, and ARI scores were evaluated. Ceramic brackets showed statistically higher shear bond strengths than metal brackets when bonded with all test materials (p<0.001). When used with metal brackets, the light-cured glass ionomer cement (LCGIC) and compomer materials demonstrated statistically lower shear bond strengths than the light-cured composite (p<0.01 and p<0.001, respectively). When used with ceramic brackets, LCGIC was found to have significantly lower shear bond strength than the composite material (p<0.001). Despite its relatively low shear bond strength, LCGIC demonstrated optimal bonding values (8.39+/-3.24 MPa) with ceramic brackets. Bond failures within the LCGIC groups occurred at the adhesive-tooth interface, whereas in the compomer and composite groups, failures were detected at the adhesive-bracket interface. In the metal bracket group, clinically acceptable shear bond strength was obtained only with the composite resin (7.06+/-1.65 MPa). Compomer and LCGIC demonstrated values well below the accepted standard for metal brackets (4.32+/-1.75 MPa and 4.45+/-1.06, respectively), while in the ceramic bracket group, values for composite and compomer were above the desired level (14.40+/-5.88 MPa and 12.31+/-6.09, respectively). LCGIC showed reasonably good bond strength with ceramic brackets, suggesting that this material may be considered suitable for use with ceramic brackets in clinical situations where moisture cannot be controlled.     

树脂修饰化玻璃离子托槽粘结剂粘结强度的体外研究

目的：评估一种树脂修饰化的玻璃离子托槽粘结剂在牙面不同处理方式和环境下的两次粘结后的剪切强度情况。方法：将新近拔除的105颗上颌第一前磨牙随机均分成7组,按照说明书的要求完成托槽的粘结。对照组牙面用37%的磷酸处理后,用光固化复合树脂粘结剂（3M,Transbond XT）粘结。其它6组牙面分别在37%的磷酸、GC处理剂（GC Self-Conditioner）、和不做任何处理的条件下,分别在干燥和湿润的环境下用树脂修饰化的玻璃离子（RMGIC;Fuji ORTHO LC,GC Corporation,Tokyo,Japan）粘结,所有牙齿均选用同种托槽。托槽粘结24 h后,在万能测力机下以1 mm/min的速度卸载,并记录下数值。除去牙面和托槽底面多余粘结剂后,重复上述过程。每次卸载后检查牙釉质损坏情况。结果：对照组两次剪切强度有较小的差异,其它GC玻璃离子粘结剂组两次剪切强度没有统计学意义。GC粘结剂不做任何处理组在干燥和湿润的环境下其剪切强度存在明显的差异。干燥环境下,37%的磷酸和GC处理剂处理后,GC粘结剂组两次卸载后的牙釉质均出现不同程度的釉裂或釉质脱落。结论：这种树脂修饰化的玻璃离子粘结剂可以在多种条件下用于托槽的粘结。     

Shear bond strength of a new high fluoride release glass ionomer adhesive

OBJECTIVE: To determine the shear bond strength of a new resin glass ionomer adhesive with higher fluoride release properties when bonding orthodontic brackets. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty freshly extracted human molars were collected and stored in a solution of 0.1% (weight/volume) thymol. The teeth were cleaned and polished. The teeth were randomly separated into three groups according to the enamel conditioner/etchant and adhesive used. Group I: 20 teeth conditioned with 10% polyacrylic acid and brackets bonded with the new glass ionomer adhesive. Group II: 20 teeth conditioned with 37% phosphoric acid and brackets bonded with the new glass ionomer adhesive. Group III (control): 20 teeth etched with 37% phosphoric acid and brackets bonded with a composite adhesive. RESULTS: The results of the analysis of variance comparing the three experimental groups (F = 10.294) indicated the presence of significant differences between the three groups (P = .0001). The shear bond strengths were significantly lower in the two groups bonded with the new glass ionomer adhesive whether conditioned with polyacrylic acid ( x = 3.2 +/- 1.8 MPa) or phosphoric acid (x = 2.3 +/- 1.1 MPa), while the mean shear bond strength of the composite adhesive was 5.2 +/- 2.9 MPa. CONCLUSIONS: Although the increased fluoride release from the new glass ionomer has the potential of decreasing decalcification around orthodontic brackets, the shear bond strength of the material is relatively low.     

粘接界面处理对玻璃离子水门汀与复合树脂粘接强度的影响

目的 比较4种粘接剂对2种不同类型玻璃离子水门汀与复合树脂界面间粘接强度的影响.方法 选取传统型高强度玻璃离子FujiⅨ(F9)和树脂改良型玻璃离子FujiⅡLC(F2LC)为研究对象,将100个样本随机分为10组,每组10个样本,在样本中央制备窝洞后,随机选取5组样本,窝洞内置入F9,另外5组置入F2LC.样本界面分别采取不处理和4种不同类型的粘接剂,Clearfil SE Bond(SEB)、Clearfil S3 Bond(S3B)、Optibond Versa(OBV)及Single Bond 2(SB2)处理后,分别测定各组样本的剪切粘接强度.结果 OBV处理组的F9样本组获得最大的剪切粘结强度,未进行界面处理的F9样本组剪切粘结强度最小,其差异具有显著统计学意义.使用粘接剂处理后各组的粘接强度均显著增高.结论 粘接剂处理样本界面后显著提高玻璃离子与复合树脂间的粘接强度.自酸蚀粘接剂OBV使玻璃离子与复合树脂界面获得最大的粘接强度.     

光固化树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀即刻剪切强度的测定

目的研究光固化树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀黏结正畸托槽的即刻剪切强度。方法收集离体前磨牙30颗,随机均分为3组。第1组(对照组):35%磷酸酸蚀30 s,冲洗、干燥,涂黏结剂,京津釉质黏结剂黏结托槽。第2、3组:35%磷酸酸蚀30 s,冲洗,湿润,光固化型的Fuji Ortho Lc树脂加强型玻璃离子黏结托槽。第1、2组24 h后测剪切强度,第3组30 min内测剪切强度。托槽去除后统计牙面上的黏结剂残留量。结果第2组的剪切强度高于第3组,差异有显著性;第1、3组间剪切强度差异无显著性。结论光固化树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀的即刻黏结强度能够满足临床要求,但24 h后的黏结强度显著增强。     

A comparison of the shear bond strengths of two glass ionomer cements

The objective of this study was to determine the in vitro shear bond strength (in megapascals) and location of bond failure with two light-cured glass ionomer resin systems. One system was a hybrid glass ionomer cement with resin (GC Orthodontics, Aslip, Ill), and the other system a glass-filled resin system (Reliance Orthodontic Products, Inc, Itasca, Ill). These systems, Fuji Ortho LC (GC Orthodontics) and Ultra Band Lok^{^} (Reliance), respectively, were compared to a light-cured composite resin. Maxillary premolar brackets (n = 200) were bonded to the facial surface of human premolar teeth. The two glass ionomer resin systems were each evaluated by two protocols, one according to the manufacturers’ direction plus a variation of their respective technique. The five distinct groups (n = 40) were stored in 37°C distilled water for 30 days and subjected to thermocycling before shear bond strength testing. The findings indicated that large variations existed between the bond strengths of the materials tested. The laboratory shear bond strength of the glass-filled resin glass ionomer cement (Reliance), whether tested in a dry or moist field, was similar to the composite control with all of the previous materials being significantly (P < .01) higher than both the hybrid glass ionomer cement groups (Fuji Ortho LC). However, the hybrid glass ionomer cement with enamel conditioner demonstrated a clinically acceptable mean megapascal value. The Adhesive Remnant Index values ranged from 0.53 to 1.62. The hybrid glass ionomer cement without enamel conditioning recorded the lowest mean adhesive remnant index score and the lowest mean megapascal score. Although both products are glass ionomer resin systems, their individual chemistries vary; this affects their clinical performance. Clinically, it may be suggested that glass ionomers used in a dry field may be beneficial for orthodontic bonding, and that glass ionomer resin systems used in a moist environment need an enamel conditioner. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1999;115:125-32.)