百草枯中毒致肺损害中西医联合治疗效果分析

目的：观察百草枯中毒致肺损害的变化,以探讨中西医联合治疗的效果。方法：临床对比分析68例中毒患者的临床表现、X线胸片、血气分析和肝肾功能的变化,比较常规治疗与常规治疗联合复方丹参注射液治疗的效果。结果：服毒后3d开始出现肺损害,7d达到高峰,2周内出现严重肺损害的患者观察组占43.7%;对照组占65.3%。观察组病死率为43.3%;对照组为63.1%。结论：复方丹参注射液能减轻百草枯中毒致肺损害的程度。     

双环醇片防治肿瘤化疗药物性肝损害的研究

目的：评价双环醇片对肿瘤化疗药物所致肝损害的治疗和预防作用。方法：随机选取62例初次肿瘤化疗后出现药物性肝损害的患者,开始口服双环醇片50mg每日3次。待肝功能恢复正常后再次按照原方案化疗时,继续口服双环醇片50mg每日3次,持续14d,前后进行自身对照。观察口服双环醇片对肿瘤患者化疗后肝损害所致谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）、总胆红素（TBiL）等肝功能的影响。同时,观察口服双环醇片治疗肿瘤化疗药物所致肝损害恢复正常后,化疗同时联合双环醇片预防性保肝治疗,比较该次与单纯化疗前后的ALT、AST、TBiL差值。结果：口服双环醇片治疗化疗后肝损害,肝功能ALT、AST等指标明显降低,在中位时间8.5d恢复正常。在预防化疗所致肝损害上,化疗与双环醇片联合治疗前后的ALT、AST差值明显减小,与单纯化疗前后比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：双环醇片可以有效治疗和预防化疗药物对肝脏的损害。     

两种护肝药物治疗抗结核药致肝损害的效果比较

目的观察比较两种护肝药物治疗抗结核药物致肝损害的效果。方法选择住院及门诊确诊为抗结核药物性肝损害患者120例,随机分成治疗组和对照组各60例,治疗组口服益肝灵滴丸,对照组口服葡醛内酯片治疗。结果治疗组ALT、AST和TBIL复常时间明显短于对照组。治疗组总有效率为93．3％（56／60）,对照组总有效率为65．0％（39／60）,治疗组总有效率明显高于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（x^2=14．60,P〈0．01）。结论益肝灵滴丸对抗结核药物性肝损害有较好疗效,特别降酶效果显著,毒副作用小且易于耐受,安全性良好,值得临床推广应用。     

神应经治疗法

目的中风是一种发病后恢复率为9％，死亡率为18％，其它73％在发病后会留下严重后遗症的疾病。为使病人在治疗后提高生活质量、恢复社会活动能力，需要在发病后进行积极的康复治疗，鸡然中风的康复治疗在近期已取得显着成果，但其效果缓慢、且不能彻底根治。笔者创出的针法，通过临床试验在后遗症治疗及缩短恢复时间上都取得了明显效果。从60名患者中直到目前还在接受试验的25名中，选择4例作一介绍。方法本文以被诊断为CVA并在首尔峨山医院神经外科住院的60名患者为对象，将其分为对照组和试验组，每周进行一次神应经治疗。所有治疗效果的评价均通过双盲实验进行。结果通过临床实验可观察到实行神应经治疗的患者的运动范围得到了增加，且运动调节能力和日常生活能力都得到了提高。结论与其它中风的康复治疗相比，神应经治疗法在提高恢复程度及缩短恢复时间上都得到了显着效果。所以可以认为此治疗法对CVA引起的障碍治疗拥有显着疗效。预计今后需要对此进行相应的科学研究。     

硫辛酸注射液治疗甲基苯丙胺依赖者脑损伤的临床疗效观察

目的观察硫辛酸注射液对甲基苯丙胺依赖者脑损伤的临床疗效。方法对2014年7月~2015年2月收治的男性甲基苯丙胺滥用者72例随机分成观察组和对照组各36例,两组均给予心理治疗及对症治疗,观察组患者实行硫辛酸注射液治疗,对照组患者采取注射用还原型谷胱甘肽治疗,21d为1个疗程,停药后比较两组治疗效果。结果治疗后,从戒断症状比较看,观察组总有效率为94.4%,对照组总有效率为75.0%,观察组总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=3.863,P=0.049)。治疗后,两组的Mo CA量表评分均比治疗前有改善,且观察组改善幅度优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论硫辛酸注射液治疗甲基苯丙胺依赖者脑损伤具有明显的临床疗效。     

Detection of oxidant-induced slight chromosomal damage in cells by subsequent exposure to X-rays

We examined whether slight oxidative stress and/or damage in cells could be amplified by subsequent ionizing irradiation and thus become detectable as obvious chromosomal damage. WIL2-NS cells, a human B lymphoblastoid cell line, were pretreated with an oxidant and then exposed to X-rays at 0.25 or 0.5 Gy. The chromosomal damage in the cells was evaluated by cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay. Pretreatment with a superoxide-generating system (hypoxanthine (HX)/xanthine oxidase (XO), 1 and 2 mU/ml of XO), tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH, 10 and 100 microM) or H2O2 (5 microM) alone did not induce significant chromosomal damage, but the oxidant-induced damage increased significantly with subsequent irradiation. The tested dose of these oxidants did not induce significant changes in cell viability, the nuclear division index, and the concentration of antioxidants, indicating that only weak oxidative stress was introduced into the cells. These results suggest that low-dose oxidant-induced chromosomal damage becomes detectable as obvious chromosomal damage with subsequent ionizing irradiation in vitro.     

替考拉宁所致全身性损害不良反应文献分析

目的：通过对替考拉宁所致的不良反应进行文献分析,探讨其不良反应规律及特点,为临床安全合理用药提供参考。方法：检索2000-2019年中国知网全文数据库,维普医药信息资源系统,万方数据库,中国生物医学文献数据库,EmBase、PubMed数据库,对其报道替考拉宁所致的药品不良反应的47篇文献51例病例报道进行分析。结果：替考拉宁不良反应男性多于女性,不良反应出现时间从输液2 min到19 d不等,并可累及多个系统/器官,以全身性损害为主,其次为皮肤损害等;1例患者安装起搏器,1例放弃治疗死亡,1例感染控制不佳死亡,3例红人综合征脱屑无好转,其余经停药和对症治疗都有不同程度的恢复。本研究结果表明患者出现全身性损害的危险因素可能与性别、年龄组、过敏史、交叉过敏史、肾功能、用法用量等因素无关。结论：临床医师、药师应重视替考拉宁所致的不良反应,加强患者对不良反应的识别教育,加强监测,以减少不良反应的发生。     

首乌丸致肝损害1例

病例：患者，男，17岁，因少白头，自购首乌丸（甘肃天水歧黄药业有限责任公司，批号050407），自2005年4月20日开始口服，6g／次，2次／日，服药40天。2005年5月30日无明显诱因出现乏力、纳差、食欲缺乏、厌油，自认为学习劳累所致，未予治疗。上述症状逐日加重，6月2日出现尿黄、皮肤、巩膜黄染。入院就诊，查体：体温36．2℃，脉搏68次／分，血压117／82mmHg（1mmHg=0．133kPa），神志清楚，精神差，巩膜、皮肤重度黄染，未见肝掌、蜘蛛痔，心肺（-），肝脾不大，肝区叩痛（＋），腹水症（-），双侧肾区无压痛及叩痛。进一步做肝炎病因检测，结果甲、乙、丙、丁、戊型肝炎均为阴性，排除了病毒性肝炎的诊断。实验室检查：谷丙转氨酶（ALT）1352IU／L，谷草转氨酶（AST）692IU／L，谷草转氨酶与谷丙转氨酶比值（S／L）0．51，总胆红素（TBIL）212．04μmol／L，直接胆红素（DBIL）103．97μmol／L，间接胆红素（TBIL）108．07μmol／L，直接胆红素与总胆红素比值（D／T）0．49。     

Protective effect of vinpocetine against brain damage caused by ischemia

The effects of vinpocetine against hippocampal neuronal damage and on local cerebral blood flow (LCBF) were examined in a rat model of forebrain ischemia (10-min occlusion of the carotid arteries and hypotension). Histological evaluation of neuronal loss in the hippocampus was performed 7 days after ischemia. LCBF was measured before ischemia as well as after 2 min and 1 hr of recirculation. Vinpocetine (10 mg/kg) administered pre- or post-ischemically reduced the hippocampal neuronal necrosis, while pre-ischemic administration of 2 or 20 mg/kg vinpocetine was ineffective. Since vinpocetine increased the LCBF after 1 hr of recirculation, it cannot be excluded that blood flow improvements contribute to its neuroprotective activity. On the other hand, there is no clear evidence that an elevation of post-ischemic hypoperfusion could protect neurons against ischemic damage. It is, therefore, suggested that vinpocetine acts directly on brain cells.     

A method for assessing damage to mitochondrial DNA caused by radiation and epichlorohydrin

This paper describes a rapid and reliable method for quantification of damage to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), especially strand breaks. The degree of damage to mtDNA is assessed by the proportion of physical forms (i.e., supercoiled versus open-circular and linear forms) upon agarose gel electrophoresis, blotting, and visualization by hybridization with [32P]mtDNA probes. The use of a radiolabeled probe is a crucial step in the procedure because it provides both a means to quantify by radioautography and to obtain the mtDNA specificity required to eliminate misinterpretation due to nuclear DNA contamination. To demonstrate the utility of this technique, X-irradiation and epichlorohydrin are shown to damage both isolated mtDNA and mtDNA in whole cells in a dose-dependent fashion.     

辐辏不足性视疲劳诊断和治疗的临床研究

目的探讨以综合验光仪联合同视机等综合疗法对辐辏不足性视疲劳诊断和治疗的临床价值。方法用综合验光仪联合同视机等综合疗法对辐辏不足性视疲劳的病人进行扩大融合辐辏的训练,分析治疗前、后融合辐辏范围和视疲劳症状变化。结果治疗后,25例病人融合辐辏范同均明显扩大,24（96％）例视疲劳症状消失。结论使用该方法不易漏诊,可作为普查及临床检查,治疗效果好,值得推广应用。     

双侧脑室引流灌洗加脑脊液置换疗法在治疗高血压性脑室出血的应用

目的 探讨高血压性脑室出血的治疗方法.方法 采用双侧脑室引流灌洗加腰穿脑脊液置换的联合方法,治疗高血压性脑室出血45例,并依据其治疗效果,与常规单侧引流的101例资料对照.结果 采用双侧脑室引流灌洗加腰穿脑脊液置换的联合方法的治疗组总有效率明显高于对照组,同时病死率明显下降.结论 双侧脑室引流灌洗加腰穿脑脊液置换,是治疗高血压性脑室出血的一种安全有效的方法.     

不同方法治疗大动脉炎致主动脉瓣关闭不全疗效分析

目的评价不同治疗方法对大动脉炎致主动脉瓣关闭不全的疗效和预后的影响。方法380例住院大动脉炎患者,合并中到重度主动脉瓣关闭不全38例,分为内科保守治疗和外科手术治疗两组,随访1～96个月。结果内科保守治疗22例,死亡4例,病情加重6例;手术治疗16例,死亡4例,病情加重2例。两组治疗结果差异无显著意义(P>005)。结论外科手术治疗对患者的生存并不比内科保守治疗更有益,但也可能是病例数较少,造成统计上无差异。     

血浆置换治疗重型肝炎时的护理配合

目的探讨人工肝血浆置换(PE)治疗时如何建立血液回路及护理配合要点,为更好地配合人工肝血浆置换治疗提供护理依据.方法采用桡动脉/足背动脉和肘正中静脉临时穿刺建立血液回路,每次治疗置换冰冻新鲜血浆2000～3000ml,对32例患者治疗后临床症状、多项生化指标及有效维护人工肝治疗顺利进行等方面进行重点观察.结果动、静脉临时穿刺建立血液回路可使血流速度达到100～120ml/min,保证了治疗的效果.结论动、静脉临时穿刺既能保证治疗时血流速度,也能有效防止血管内血栓形成和感染的发生.在治疗过程中,临床护理配合起着重要的作用.     

β2-微球蛋白检测在慢性乙肝早期肾功能损害中的价值

目的：通过测定慢性乙肝患者的血清、尿液β2－微球蛋白，确定血、尿β2－微球蛋白在慢性乙肝早期肾功能损害中的价值。方法：对60例慢性乙肝患者提取血和尿样，测定β2－MG、血BUN和Cr。血、尿β2－MG采用免疫比浊法，BUN采用脲酶法，Cr采用苦味酸法，在TBA－30FR型全自动生化分析仪编程测定。结果：血清ALT增高的慢性乙肝患者、尿β2－MG和正常体检者相比差异非常显著（P＜0．01），而其血BUN、Cr差异无显著性（P＞0．05）。结论：血、尿β2－BG具有较好的早期肾损害诊断价值。临床上仅以BUN、Cr作为慢性乙肝患者的肾功能损害指标是不够的，应常规检测血、尿β2－MG来判断肝脏损伤程度及预测肝肾综合征的发生具有重要意义。     

中成药致肾损害病例分析

目的了解中成药致肾损害的临床特点和发病规律,分析原因,寻找减少肾损害的措施。方法检索1997年1月～2006年12月的中国期刊网全文数据库(CNKI),查找中成药致肾损害文献,对资料进行整理、汇总,并统计分析。结果文献报道中成药致肾损害的病例文章有31篇,共计病例89例,涉及的中成药品种14种,发生肾损害的原因有超剂量服用,长期服用等。结论加强中成药的合理应用,重视药物引起的肾毒性,临床医生应严格辨证施治,对曾经引起过肾损害的中成药予以重视。     

丹莪妇康煎膏口服引起肝损害一例

1临床资料 患者，女，37岁，因子宫内膜异位症于2006—06—22来中国福利会国际和平妇幼保健院门诊就诊。患者口服丹莪妇康煎膏（昆明滇虹药业有限公司，批号060106）10g，2次／d，服药数天后感觉身体疲乏、食欲不振、恶心、有呕吐感、小便呈深黄色、肝区不适，2006-08-04入住上海市长宁区中医医院肝炎病房进行治疗。     

Effect of interleukin-10 on pancreatic damage caused by organophosphate poisoning

Organophosphate poisoning is a common cause of severe morbidity and mortality in emergency departments. Acute pancreatitis is a frequently reported consequence of organophosphate poisoning, but preventing this potentially severe complication has not been the subject of much research. We tested whether interleukin-10, a cytoprotective agent, could prevent or diminish pathological signs of acute pancreatitis caused by organophosphate poisoning. Thirty rats were divided into three equal groups. Group 1 did not receive any agent during the experiment. Group 2 received 0.8 g/kg fenthion intraperitoneally, followed by 6 ml/kg intraperitoneal normal saline 30 min and 3 h later. Group 3 received 0.8 g/kg fenthion intraperitoneally, followed by 2 microg/kg of interleukin-10 intraperitoneally 30 min and 3 h later. All rats underwent laparotomy and thoracotomy while still under anesthesia at 6 h, and tissue samples were obtained from the pancreas. After blood samples were taken by cardiac puncture, the animals were sacrificed. Organophosphate poisoning resulted in significant elevations of serum amylase and glucose. Interleukin-10 significantly reduced pancreatic damage as determined by pathologic scoring, but not by enzyme elevations. Interleukin-10 should be considered for larger studies in other animal models to confirm its ability to decrease pancreatic damage after organophosphate poisoning treatment with interleukin-10.