学习障碍儿童视觉、听觉注意力的变化

目的探讨学习障碍(LD)儿童的视觉注意力及听觉注意力的变化特点。方法采用联合瑞文测试评定LD患儿247例及正常对照儿童247例的智商状况,采用上海心理健康研究所研发的持续注意力测试法对每位儿童进行持续视觉注意力和听觉注意力测试。结果 247例LD儿童视觉、听觉注意力异常发生率分别为84.2%和95.1%,视觉和听觉注意力同时存在异常的发生率为80.2%,均显著高于正常对照组儿童34.8%、27.9%和15.8%(P<0.01)。LD组患儿中,听觉注意力异常率(95.1%)显著高于视觉注意力异常率(84.2%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),正常对照组儿童视觉注意力异常率(38.4%)与听觉注意力异常率(27.9%)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论视觉和听觉注意力障碍可能是导致LD的重要原因。     

11种营养素与学习障碍儿童智力和行为问题相关性的研究

目的 探索学习障碍(LD)儿童智力和行为问题与营养素之间的关系,试图为改善LD儿童学习能力寻找新的线索.方法 采用中国韦氏-儿童智力量表测试LD儿童智力结构,采用Conner's父母症状问卷了解LD儿童行为特征,调查儿童膳食11种营养素水平,采用逐步回归分析营养素与智商和行为问题的相关性.结果 LD组儿童总智商、言语智商、操作智商及各项分测验量表分均显著低于对照组,各项分测验之间也差异显著;行为问题中,学习问题、心身问题、冲动-多动、多动指数各因子分均显著高于对照组;LD组儿童锌、铜、铁、维生素Bl、花生四烯酸二十碳四烯酸(AA)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)营养素摄人量均显著低于对照组;相关分析显示锌、铁、钙、维生素B1、AA、DHA、EPA与智商和行为问题呈显著相关性.结论 LD儿童智力结构不平衡和多项行为问题与多项营养素失衡密切相关,提示营养素的失衡可能是促成或加藿LD的因素之一,纠正LD儿童营养素失衡,可能对改善LD儿童学习能力及行为问题有所帮助.     

通信兵注意分配能力与专业水平关系的研究

目的：研究通信兵注意分配能力与专业水平之间的关系。方法：采用注意分配测试仪对某军区159名工作一年以上的通信兵和4名新训练报务员进行了注意分配能力的测试,同时,由单位主管对其进行专业技术评定。结果：C丘整体注意分配与专业水平相关统计学意义;通信兵不同岗位人员注意分配与专业水平相关关系存在差异,拟务专业是通信兵的重要专业,报务人员注意分配与专业水平相关显著,而且新兵报务人员注意分配与训练成绩正相关。结论通信兵报务人员注意分配能力对其专业水平有重要影响,为通信丘的选拔与分类提供了科学的依据。     

发展性计算障碍儿童数学能力特征分析

目的：探讨计算障碍儿童数学能力特征，为深入研究儿童计算障碍奠定基础；方法：随机抽取武汉市2所小学，在3—5年级学生中采用逐层筛选的方法选取计算障碍儿童及正常儿童各46人。结果：计算障碍组算术运算及视空间逻辑推理测试得分均低于正常组，差异有极其显著性意义（P〈0．01）。结论：计算障碍儿童算术运算能力及视空间逻辑推理能力均低于正常儿童，计算障碍儿童数学能力性别差异与正常儿童性别差异不一致，其发生机制有待深入探讨。     

LDH同功酶比值对诊断儿童心肌炎的临床价值

目的寻找一种准确、快速、特异的儿童心肌炎体外诊断的方法。方法随机观察心肌炎儿童（临床和心电图确诊）、非心肌炎儿童（上感、支气管炎、肺炎）及正常儿童（儿保所体检正常儿童）的乳酸脱氢酶1（LD1）／乳酸脱氢酶2（LD2）值规律。结果心肌炎儿童LD1／LD2值为1．10±0．15；非心肌炎儿童LD1／LD2值0．61±0．12；正常儿童LD1／LD2值0．57±0．13，心肌炎儿童与其它两组比较，有非常显著的差异p〈0．01。结论LD1／LD2值在儿童心肌炎时具有很高的诊断价值。     

学习困难儿童汉语故事分听研究

目的探讨不同类型年龄学习困难儿童对汉语听言语的认知与加工的大脑功能偏侧化机制.方法运用集中注意法对82名LD儿童和90名正常儿童进行汉语短故事分听研究.结果正常及LD儿童故事测验表现无耳优势(NEA),注意左耳或右耳时两组间有非常显著性差异(P<0.001);集中注意右耳时,正常儿童正确应答均数与注意左耳的正确应答均数间未达到统计学差异(P>0.05);不同类型LD儿童与对照组间有非常显著性差异(P<0.001).结论正常及学习儿童故事的听言语加工显示双侧半球均势模式,右半球参与复杂言语材料的加工.集中注意对故事分听成绩的影响不明显.不同类型LD对汉语故事篇章的整体处理能力与正常儿童间有差异,学习困难的发生不全归因于大脑功能偏侧化异常机制.     

学习困难儿童视觉-运动整合发育测验分析

目的探讨学习困难(LD)儿童视觉-运动整合(VMI)发育状况,以及VMI与韦氏总智商.因子智商相关关系.方法采用BeeryVMI发育测验及中国韦氏儿童智力量表,对60名年龄在7～12岁LD儿童进行个体测试.结果LD儿童均有VMI能力发育落后,比实际年龄落后15%～45%;与数学成绩的相关系数为0.305(P＜0.05).VMI测验结果与韦氏智力总智商、3因子智商相关性分析,与B因子相关性较高,相关系数为0.384(P＜0.01).结论LD儿童视觉-运动发育明显落后,在智力正常但有学习困难的儿童中进行VNI测试可以判断儿童有关学习能力缺陷的有无和程度.对儿童学习能力的预测和早期干预有较高的价值.     

学习困难儿童汉语故事分听研究

目的 探讨不同类型年龄学习困难儿童对汉语听言语的认知与加工的大脑功能偏侧化机制。方法 运用集中注意法对 82名LD儿童和 90名正常儿童进行汉语短故事分听研究。结果 正常及LD儿童故事测验表现无耳优势(NEA),注意左耳或右耳时两组间有非常显著性差异(P<0. 001);集中注意右耳时,正常儿童正确应答均数与注意左耳的正确应答均数间未达到统计学差异(P>0. 05);不同类型LD儿童与对照组间有非常显著性差异(P<0. 001)。结论 正常及学习儿童故事的听言语加工显示双侧半球均势模式,右半球参与复杂言语材料的加工。集中注意对故事分听成绩的影响不明显。不同类型LD对汉语故事篇章的整体处理能力与正常儿童间有差异,学习困难的发生不全归因于大脑功能偏侧化异常机制。     

伴有与不伴有学习障碍的注意缺陷多动障碍患儿功能磁共振成像的对比研究

目的 探讨伴有与不伴有学习障碍（LD）注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患儿功能磁共振成像（fMRI）的异同。方法 使用超导型磁共振仪，对19名健康儿童，17例ADHD患儿及10例合并LD的ADHD患儿进行视觉注意作业的fMRI检查。结果（1）与正常儿童相比，ADHD组显示双侧前额叶（左额上回：正常儿童组15／4，ADHD组6／11，P＜0．05；右额上回：正常儿童者组16／3，ADHD组5／12，P＜0．01）、右额中回（正常儿童组16／3，ADHD组8／9，P＜0．05）以及左额下回（正常儿童组15／4，ADHD组5／12．P＜0．01）功能低下。（2）伴有LD的ADHD组在右侧扣带回（3／7）激活脑区计数低于ADHD组（13／4），差异有显著性（P＜0．05）。结论 伴有LD的ADHD右侧扣带回受损更明显，其余fMRI模式与ADHD组相似。     

通信兵注意分配能力与专业水平关系的研究

目的研究通信兵注意分配能力与专业水平之间的关系。方法采用注意分配测试仪对某军区159名工作一年以上的通信兵和64名新训报务员进行了注意分配能力的测试,同时,由单位主管对其进行专业技术评定。结果通信兵整体注意分配与专业水平相关无统计学意义;通信兵不同岗位人员注意分配与专业水平相关关系存在差异,报务专业是通信兵的重要专业,报务人员注意分配与专业水平相关显著,而且新兵报务人员注意分配与训练成绩正相关。结论通信兵报务人员注意分配能力对其专业水平有重要影响,为通信兵的选拔与分类提供了科学的依据。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.