心内非接触与接触式标测对特发性右心室流出道室性早搏导管消融的安全性研究

目的　研究心内非接触与接触式标测对特发性右心室流出道室性早搏导管消融安全性。方法　25例导管消融即刻成功的室早患者,根据标测方法分为EnSite标测组（10例）,常规电生理标测组（15例）。比较两组术前,术后48小时D-二聚体(d-dimer ,DD)、B型利钠尿肽（B-type natriuretic peptide ,BNP）、肌钙蛋白I(cardiac troponinI ,cTnI)、磷酸肌酸激酶同工酶(creatine kinase isozymes ,CK-MB)和心率变异性(heart rate variability,HRV) 的差异;研究两组术后各指标与标测时间的相关性。结果　与常规标测组比较,EnSite标测组术后48小时血管内皮损伤指标DD和心肌损伤指标cTnI、CK-MB升高幅度均小(p<0.05);心脏自主神经HRV各指标降低幅度均小(p<0.05);心功能指标BNP差异无统计学意义;标测时间明显缩短（p<0.01）,并与术后48小时各指标无明显线性相关。结论　EnSite标测能减少标测时间,并减轻血管内皮、心肌和心脏自主神经损伤。     

EnSite标测下射频消融对特发性右室流出道室性早搏患者的疗效及心肌酶学影响

目的 探讨EnSite标测指导下射频消融治疗特发性右室流出道室性早搏的临床效果及对心肌损伤的影响.方法 回顾性分析我院2013年1月至2016年1月收治的84例右室流出道室性早搏行射频消融手术治疗患者的临床资料,对比两组患者的手术效果.结果 本组中50例患者在常规电生理标测指导下实施射频消融手术(常规组)、34例患者在EnSite标测指导下射频消融治疗(EnSite组).EnSite组患者的标测时间、射频消融时间、X线曝光时间、手术时间均显著的低于常规组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).术前,EnSite组和常规组的室性早搏数量对比,差异不具有统计学意义(P＞0.05);术后,EnSite组的24 h室性早搏数量显著低于常规组(P＜0.05);术后72 h,EnSite组的CK、CK-MB、cTnT、AST、LDH、Mb、HBDH水平显著低于常规组(P＜0.05).结论 EnSite标测指导下射频消融治疗特发性右室流出道室性早搏能显著缩短操作时间、减轻对患者心肌造成的损伤,手术效果可靠.     

Carto XP/Cart03与常规标测指导下消融特发性右室流出道室性早搏的比较

目的 比较常规电生理标测与三维电解剖标测系统(Carto XP/Carto3)标测指导下行导管射频消融治疗特发性右室流出道室性早搏(right ventricular outflow tract premature ventricularcontraction,RVOT-PVC)的有效性和安全性.方法 分析2013年3月至2015年10月于我科进行射频消融治疗的144例室早病例:36例室早患者采用常规电生理标测指导下射频消融(常规组),108例室早采用Carto XP/Carto3标测指导下射频消融(Carto XP/Carto3组).从靶点标测、消融、术中X线曝光以及手术总耗时等时间方面对两种标测方法进行比较;检测两组术前及术后1d和3dC反应蛋白(C reactive protein,CRP)、血清肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(serum cardiac troponin Ⅰ,cTn Ⅰ)和磷酸肌酸激酶同工酶(creatine kinase-MB,CK-MB)的变化,观察随访疗效.结果 Carto XP/Carto3组在室早靶点标测、成功消融、X线曝光以及手术总时间方面均较常规电生理标测组明显缩短(P＜0.01),心肌损伤指标CRP、cTn Ⅰ和CK-MB均明显降低(P＜0.01);两组的即刻成功率分别为94.4％ (34/36)和100％ (108/108),差异有统计学意义;术后1个月随访时,常规组即刻成功的34例患者中有3例室早复发,Carto XP/Carto3组无复发病例.术后3个月时,两组均无新的复发病例.结论 Carto XP/Carto3标测指导的消融靶点定位更精准,手术安全性及有效性更好;常规电生理标测指导的射频消融仍具有较高成功率,手术费用相对便宜,为经济困难而又确实需要消融治疗的患者提供了一种可行的选择方案.     

On Myocardial Protection by Replenishing Qi and Activating Blood Circulation for Patients with Coronary Heart Disease in Early Stage by Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Intervention

目的 探讨益气活血法对冠心病介入治疗患者心肌保护作用的影响.方法 采用随机对照的研究方法,将127例冠心病介入治疗患者分为治疗组和对照组,在西药常规治疗的基础上,治疗组加用益气活血类中成药,连续72 h.测定2组介入术前及术后肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)活性、心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cTnⅠ)水平、脑钠肽(BNP)水平、血清超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)活性的变化.结果 治疗组与对照组心肌损伤指标在术前对比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);术后8h、术后24 h、术后48h均有统计学意义(P＜0.01,P＜0.05);术后72h的CK-MB活性、BNP水平、T-SOD活性差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);但cTnⅠ水平仍有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 益气活血法能明显改善PCI术相关的心肌损害、减轻心衰,其心肌保护作用主要体现在早期.     

序贯性血液净化治疗重度急性有机磷中毒心肌损伤的效果研究

目的探讨序贯性血液净化治疗重度急性有机磷中毒心肌损伤的临床效果。方法选取2010年2月至2016年8月濮阳市人民医院收治的48例重度急性有机磷中毒患者,均合并心肌损伤,随机分为对照组和观察组,各24例。对照组接受常规治疗,观察组在对照组基础上接受序贯性血液净化治疗。比较两组治疗前后B型尿钠肽(BNP)、肌酸激酶MB同工酶(CK-MB)、心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cTnⅠ)水平及患者病情恢复情况。结果治疗前,两组BNP、CK-MB、cTnⅠ水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,观察组BNP、CK-MB、cTnⅠ水平均低于对照组,昏迷时间、机械通气时间、ChE活性恢复时间及住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用序贯性血液净化治疗重度急性有机磷中毒,可有效改善患者心肌功能,促进患者康复。     

不同标测方法的右室流出道室性早搏射频消融术的疗效及自主神经变化

目的 比较不同标测方法的右室流出道室性早搏射频消融术治疗的疗效及消融前后心率变异性的变化.方法 入选右室流出道室性早搏射频消融患者190例,分为两组,其中非接触心内膜标测组(A组)100例.激动标测结合起搏标测组(B组)90例,通过24 h动态心电图比较消融前、术后1周及2个月的心率变异性;通过cTnI、CK-MB了解心肌损伤.结果 A组成功率100.0%,未发生严重并发症,手术时间(34.07±6.46)min,X线曝光时间(2.93±0.72)min,放电次数(2.48±0.94)次,放电时间(3.07±0.74)min;B组成功率95.5%,发生并发症1例,手术时间(56.89±23.30)min,X线曝光时间(14.15±5.14)min,放电次数(5.33±1.24)次,放电时间(5.34±0.61)min,两组射频消融情况比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).两组术后1周,时域SDNN、rMSSD、PNN50及频域指标LF、HF均明显降低,术后2个月恢复术前水平.B组比A组的术后1 d cTnI及CK-MB高.结论 非接触心内膜标测定位更准确,手术成功率较高,手术时间及X线曝光时间短,对心肌及局部神经损伤较小.     

儿童创伤性窒息31例血清心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ的检测及其临床意义

目的探讨血清心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cTnⅠ)评估创伤性窒息对心肌损害的临床价值.方法采用ELISA法对31例创伤性窒息患儿和23例正常儿童进行cTnⅠ检测,同时检测肌酸磷酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB).结果创伤性窒息组急性期血清cTnⅠ、CK-MB水平明显高于对照组(P<0.01),且与窒息程度有关,cTnⅠ诊断创伤性窒息心肌损伤的特异性优于CK-MB.结论血清cTnⅠ和CK-MB的测定有助于早期预测心肌细胞损害,cTnⅠ优于CK-MB.     

肌钙蛋白Ⅰ评价心脏矫治术心肌损伤的作用

目的观察先天性心脏病心内直视矫治术患儿围手术期血清肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)和肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)的浓度变化,判断cTnI在评价心肌损伤中的应用价值。方法40例先天性心脏病小儿患者随机分为心脏不停跳组(组Ⅰ,n=20)和冷晶体心脏停搏组(组Ⅱ,n=20),全部患者分别于切皮前和开放升主动脉后(组Ⅰ为缝合右房壁后)1、8~12、24、48、72和96 h取患者中心静脉血,测定cTnI和CK-MB的血清浓度。结果两组患者术后cTnI和CK-MB的血清水平均不同程度升高,cTnI血清浓度术后24 h达峰值,术后各时点组ⅡcTnI明显高于组Ⅰ(P<0.05)。两组患者血清CK-MB浓度于术后81~2 h达峰值,术后1、8~12、24、48 h组ⅡCK-MB浓度明显高于组Ⅰ(P<0.05)。结论cTnI作为判断心肌损伤的指标,较CK-MB更为特异,更能准确反映心脏直视手术围术期心肌损伤程度,可作为评价心脏直视术心肌损伤程度、监测病情、观察疗效和评估预后的重要指标。不停跳术式在保护心肌损伤方面可能优于心脏停搏术式。     

川畸病患儿血清心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ的临床价值探讨

目的 探讨心肌肌钙Ⅰ(cTn Ⅰ)浓度变化在川畸病患儿急性期的临床价值.方法 检测KD组(n=40)及对照组(n=23)患儿血清cTnⅠ、肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同功酶(CK-MB)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)与谷草转氨酶(COT)浓度.结果 [1]KD组与对照组血清CK、LDH、COT浓度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而血清cTnⅠ、CK-MB浓度明显高于对照组水平(P<0.001);[2]在诊断KD患儿急性期心肌损伤上cTnⅠ优于CK-MB(P<0.05).结论 表明cTnⅠ与CK-MB比较,在诊断KD患儿急性期心肌损伤中具有高特异性敏感性.     

心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ对心内直视手术心肌损伤的判定价值

目的探讨心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)对心内直视手术心肌损伤的判定价值。方法40例心脏瓣膜置换手术患者随机分为两组,冷晶体停跳液组(A组),温血停跳液组(B组)每组20例,分别于围术期多时点采取中心静脉血,测定血清cTnI、CK及CK-MB的水平。结果术前两组的cTn l、CK及CK-MB水平均在正常范围,开放主动脉后l h至术后24 h达峰值,其后缓慢下降。术后24 h、48 h温血停跳液组cTnI水平明显低于冷晶体停跳液组(P<0.05),CK-MB在开放主动脉后1 h温血停跳液组低于冷晶体停跳液组。cTn l峰值浓度与主动脉阻断时间呈直线正相关。结论cTn l判定心内直视手术围术期心肌损伤的敏感性及特异性明显优于CK、CK-MB,对围术期心肌缺血损伤的诊断、预后及心肌保护效果的评价具有重要的临床价值。     

心室参考电极在特发性室性心动过速及室性早搏射频消融术中的应用

目的探讨以心室电极作参考标测消融靶点，指导特发性室性心动过速（室速）及顽固性室性早搏（室早）的射频消融治疗。方法将49例室速IVT及室早患者随机分为两组，治疗组25例，对照组24例。治疗组放心室电极指导标测，两组均采用激动标测和起搏标测法确定室速及室早的起源部位并进行射频消融治疗，比较两组消融成功率、标测时间、放电次数、放电时间、曝光时间、手术时间。结果两组即刻消融成功率分别为96％（24／25）和95．8％（23／24），差异无统计学意义；而标测时间、放电次数、放电时间、曝光时间、手术时间治疗组明显短于对照组（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论在导管射频消融治疗特发性室性心动过速及顽固性室性早搏中，放置心室参考电极作指导，可缩短靶点标测时间并提高准确性，从而缩短射频消融时间。     

三维电解剖标测与常规标测指导射频消融治疗特发性右室流出道室早的比较

目的 比较CARTO(三维电解剖标测)与常规电生理标测指导下对特发性右室流出道室性早搏(简称室早)导管射频消融的有效性和安全性.方法 122例特发性右室流出道室早患者,其中常规电生理标测消融89例,CARTO指导消融33例,比较两组靶点标测时间、消融时间、X线曝光时间、手术总时间,随访观察疗效及并发症.结果 两组即刻成功率分别为91.0%(81/89),93.9%(31/33),术中无并发症发生.随访(32±12)个月,常规标测组复发7例(7.9%),CARTO标测组无复发.与常规电生理标测比较,CARTO标测组靶点标测时间、X线曝光时间、手术总时间均明显缩短.结论 导管射频消融治疗症状严重且药物治疗无效的特发性右室流出道室性心动过速或频发室性期前收缩是安全、有效、可行的方法.CARTO指导射频消融相对常规消融方法手术成功率有明显提高,能显著减少X线曝光时间,但花费较高.     

右室流出道室性早搏的三维电解剖标测和导管消融

目的：探讨右室流出道(RVOT)室性早搏(室早)的三维电解剖特征及导管消融疗效。方法：选择12例药物治疗无效的RVOT室早患者,药物及心室程序刺激诱发室早频繁发作后,在三维电解剖标测系统(Carto)指导下解剖重建右室流出道,进行室早的激动顺序标测和起搏标测,确定靶点后采用4 mm冷盐水灌注导管进行消融。分析、总结RV...     

Echocardiographic mapping of left ventricular resynchronization during cardiac resynchronization therapy procedures

Background Cardiac resynchronization therapy （CRT） is an effective electrical therapy for patients with moderate to severe heart failure and cardiac dyssynchrony. This study aimed to investigate the degree of acute left ventricular （LV） resynchronization with biventricular pacing （BVP） at different LV sites and to examine the feasibility of performing transthoracic echocardiography （TTE） to quantify acute LV resynchronization during CRT procedure. Methods Fourteen patients with NYHA Class Ⅲ-Ⅳ heart failure, LV ejection fraction 〈35%, QRS duration 〉120 ms and septal-lateral delay （SLD） 〉60 ms on tissue Doppler imaging （TDI）, underwent CRT implant. TDI was obtained from three apical views during BVP at each accessible LV site and SLD during BVP was derived. Synchronicity gain index （Sg） by SLD was defined as （I＋（SLD at baseline - SLD at BVP）/SLD at baseline）. Results Seventy-two sites were studied. Positive resynchronization （R＋, Sg〉1） was found in 42 （58%） sites. R＋ was more likely in posterior or lateral than anterior LV sites （66% vs. 36%, P 〈0.001）. Concordance of empirical LV lead implantation sites and sites with R＋ was 50% （7/14）. Conclusions The degree of acute LV resynchronizaUon by BVP depends on LV lead location and empirical implantation of LV lead results in only 50% concordance with R＋. Performing l-rE during CRT implantation is feasible to identify LV sites with positive resynchronization.     

Echocardiographic mapping of left ventricular resynchronization during cardiac resynchronization therapy procedures

Background Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an effective electrical therapy for patients with moderate to severe heart failure and cardiac dyssynchrony. This study aimed to investigate the degree of acute left ventricular (LV)resynchronization with biventricular pacing (BVP) at different LV sites and to examine the feasibility of performing transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) to quantify acute LV resynchronization during CRT procedure.Methods Fourteen patients with NYHA Class ⅢⅣ heart failure, LV ejection fraction ≤35%, QRS duration ≥120 ms and septal-lateral delay (SLD) ≥60 ms on tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), underwent CRT implant. TDI was obtained from three apical views during BVP at each accessible LV site and SLD during BVP was derived. Synchronicity gain index (Sg) by SLD was defined as (1+(SLD at baseline - SLD at BVP)/SLD at baseline).Results Seventy-two sites were studied. Positive resynchronization (R+, Sg>1) was found in 42 (58%) sites. R+ was more likely in posterior or lateral than anterior LV sites (66% vs. 36%, P <0.001). Concordance of empirical LV lead implantation sites and sites with R+ was 50% (7/14).Conclusions The degree of acute LV resynchronization by BVP depends on LV lead location and empirical implantation of LV lead results in only 50% concordance with R+. Performing TTE during CRT implantation is feasible to identify LV sites with positive resynchronization.     

Echocardiographic mapping of left ventricular resynchronization during cardiac resynchronization therapy procedures

Background Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an effective electrical therapy for patients with moderate to severe heart failure and cardiac dyssynchrony. This study aimed to investigate the degree of acute left ventricular (LV)resynchronization with biventricular pacing (BVP) at different LV sites and to examine the feasibility of performing transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) to quantify acute LV resynchronization during CRT procedure.Methods Fourteen patients with NYHA Class ⅢⅣ heart failure, LV ejection fraction ≤35%, QRS duration ≥120 ms and septal-lateral delay (SLD) ≥60 ms on tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), underwent CRT implant. TDI was obtained from three apical views during BVP at each accessible LV site and SLD during BVP was derived. Synchronicity gain index (Sg) by SLD was defined as (1+(SLD at baseline - SLD at BVP)/SLD at baseline).Results Seventy-two sites were studied. Positive resynchronization (R+, Sg>1) was found in 42 (58%) sites. R+ was more likely in posterior or lateral than anterior LV sites (66% vs. 36%, P <0.001). Concordance of empirical LV lead implantation sites and sites with R+ was 50% (7/14).Conclusions The degree of acute LV resynchronization by BVP depends on LV lead location and empirical implantation of LV lead results in only 50% concordance with R+. Performing TTE during CRT implantation is feasible to identify LV sites with positive resynchronization.     

非接触式球囊标测系统指导室性心动过速的消融

目的观察非接触式球囊标测系统(Ensite 3000系统)指导室性心动过速(室速)最早激动点标测和消融的优越性.方法对8例患者,经左右股静脉将64极球囊电极及大头导管置入右心室,Ensite 3000系统构建出心腔三维几何模型,诱发室速或室性早搏(室早)并记录储存,利用虚拟心内膜电图及导航系统进行室速最早激动点的标测和消融.结果8例患者均诱发及标测到起源于右心室的室速或室早,6例起源于间隔部,1例起源于游离壁,1例起源于室间隔与游离壁交界处,8例患者均在最早激动点获消融成功.结论En-site 3000系统对室速最早激动点的标测和消融更精确、直观和可靠.     

单极起搏标测法在左后分支室性心动过速射频消融术中的应用

目的探讨单极标测法在特发性左后分支室性心动过速射频消融术中的应用。方法选择80例特发性左后分支室性心动过速的患者,随机分为两组,一组采用激动顺序标测法,另一组在激动顺序标测法的同时加用单极标测法进行标测,比较两组的手术成功率及消融功率、消融温度、放电有效时间、手术时间和平均阻抗。结果加用单极标测法治疗组与激动顺序标测法治疗组相比手术成功率分别是（36/37）97.3%,（41/43）95.3%,两组比较无显著性差异。但加用单极起搏标测法治疗组的实际消融功率、实际消融温度、放电有效时间及手术时间均低于激动顺序标测法治疗组,且两组比较有显著性差异P〈0.05。结论在导管消融治疗左后分支特发性室性心动过速中,加用单极标测法可用较低的消融功率、温度进行治疗,缩短了靶点标测及放电有效时间,从而提高手术效率。     

Transcoronary ethanol ablation of experimental ventricular tachycardia after epicardial ice mapping and localizing.

Thirty-seven reproducible ventricular tachycardias (VTs) were induced in 19 dogs after the onset of myocardial infarction. The site of origin of VT was localized in 19 (59%) of 32 VTs by ice epicardial mapping. After 0.3-1.2 ml of 95% ethanol was injected into a small coronary artery supplying the arrhythmogenic area, VT was no longer inducible in 10 of 14 dogs. Intramyocardial ethanol (1-3 ml) was injected into the site of origin of VT in 9 dogs including 4 with VTs reinduced after intracoronary ethanol. Six of these VTs were not reinduced. Thus, the total efficacy rate was 84%. In 7 dogs, after injection of 0.4-1.2 ml (mean 0.5 ml) of 95% ethanol into a small normal coronary artery, the extent of the changes in ECG, CK-MB and pathology was found to be related to the size of myocardial damage and to the dose of ethanol. The smaller the dose of ethanol was given and the more distal the branch of coronary artery into which the ethanol was injected, the smaller the myocardial damage was. The data demonstrated that intracoronary or intramyocardial injection of ethanol may ablate the experimental VT induced by programmed heart stimulation in dogs after myocardial infarction, indicating that this approach may be useful and meaningful in some selected instances. However, it is necessary to limit the myocardial damage as far as possible.