急诊心肺复苏预后的相关因素分析

目的 分析急诊心肺复苏预后的相关因素.方法 回顾性分析2019年1月至2020年1月本院的120例心跳呼吸骤停患者的临床资料,分析急诊心肺复苏预后的相关因素.结果 120例患者中,预后良好16例,预后不良104例,占比分别为13.3％、86.7％.急诊心肺复苏预后良好与预后不良患者的发病时间、发病地点、发病病因、发病前...     

心肺复苏患者急诊护理的效果及预后

目的探讨心肺复苏患者急诊护理的效果及预后。方法选择70例心脏骤停并行心脏复苏的患者,通过随机数表法分为观察组和对照组,各35例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上加用针对性的护理干预。比较2组患者护理效果。结果护理后,观察组SAS、SDS评分均低于对照组,呼吸机维持时间、住ICU时间均少于对照组,格拉斯哥昏迷指数评分高于对照组(P0.05);观察组在心房颤动、胸部不适、记忆减退、反应迟钝的并发症发生率上均比对照组低(P0.05);观察组28 d存活率、出院时存活率均比对照组高(P0.05)。结论在心肺复苏患者中给予针对性的急诊护理,在提高预后上具有积极意义,值得应用推广。     

急诊心肺复苏患者心肺复苏成功率的影响因素分析

目的:探讨急诊心肺复苏患者心肺复苏成功率的影响因素.方法:回顾性分析贵航贵阳医院及铜仁市人民医院2018年1月至2020年10月急诊科收治的100例心肺复苏患者的临床资料,其中复苏成功的患者31例,将其分为成功组,复苏失败的患者69例,将其分为失败组,分别对影响复苏成功率的相关因素进行单因素分析与回归分析.结果:两组患...     

建立心肺复苏自主循环恢复昏迷患者预后评分法的探讨

目的 建立心肺复苏(CPR)自主循环恢复(ROSC)昏迷患者预后的预测方法,验证其对患者不同预后类型的分辨能力.方法 分析文献,找出CPR自主循环恢复昏迷患者预后的相关因素,赋予每个因素一定分值,引入急性生理和慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ),建立CPR自主循环恢复预后评分法.用该评分法回顾评价115例CPR自主循环恢复住院患者的预后,比较不同预后患者CPR自主循环恢复的预后评分,计算其对严重不良预后(死亡或植物状态)和其他类型预后分辨能力的ROC曲线下面积.结果 患者5种不同预后(正常、轻度神经功能障碍、重度神经功能障碍、植物状态和死亡)CPR自主循环恢复预后评分比较差异有统计学意义(F=79.97,P=0.000).各组组间比较:正常组与轻度神经功能障碍组比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.092);其他各组相互比较差异均有统计学意义(轻度神经功能障碍组vs重度神经功能障碍组P=0.041,重度神经功能障碍组vs植物状态组P=0.006,其他各组比较均P=0.000).CPR自主循环恢复预后评分对严重不良预后与其他类型预后分辨能力的表现:在评分为22.5分时,灵敏度100.0%,特异度78.6%,诊断指数178.6;在评分为32.5分时,灵敏度77.8%,特异度98.6%,诊断指数176.4.23分和33分是两个关键截断点.CPR自主循环恢复预后评分对严重不良预后分辨能力的ROC曲线下面积为0.968.结论 CPR自主循环恢复预后评分可以准确预测CPR自主循环恢复昏迷患者的最终预后,对预后严重不良和预后良好具有较强的分辨能力.     

急诊心肺复苏47例抢救体会

心跳呼吸骤停是急诊工作中常见的最紧急危险且最难处理的问题 ,病死率极高 ,是急救医学中一项重要研究课题。由于标准化心肺复苏 (CPR)步骤的推广应用 ,现将我们近期抢救的 47例心跳呼吸骤停病人复苏情况 ,总结报道如下。1　临床资料1 1　一般资料　我院急诊内科 (除外创伤等 ) 2 0 0 1年 1～ 11月接诊心跳呼吸骤停患者 47例 ,其中男 3 6例 ,女 11例 ;年龄 1～86岁 ,平均 46岁 ;发病时间 :即时～ 4h(除外目击者 ) ;发生地点 :抢救室内 2 5例 ,救护车途中 3例 ,家庭内 10例 ,工地 4例 ,单位 3例 ,其他 2例 ;病因分类 :急性心肌梗死 11例 ,…     

急诊体外循环在心肺复苏中的应用

近年来由于体外循环 (ｃａｒｄｉｏ ｐｕｌｍｏｎａｒｙｂｙｐａｓｓ ,ＣＰＢ)技术的发展和有关设备的更新 ,不仅使ＣＰＢ技术成为心脏大血管手术的安全辅助方法 ,同时也在抢救和治疗危重病人中取得良好临床效果 ;特别是对于心搏骤停者的心肺脑复苏 ,显示了其独特的价值。本院1989年 1月至 2 0 0 1年 5月应用急诊体外循环 (ｅｍｅｒｇｅｎｃｙｃａｒｄｉｏｐｕｌｍｏｎａｒｙｂｙｐａｓｓ,ＥＣＰＢ)抢救心搏骤停病人 8例 ,现总结报道如下。一、临床资料8例心搏骤停者原发病为先天性心脏病 5例 ,二尖瓣狭窄伴关闭不全 2例 ,主动脉瓣关闭不全 …     

改善心肺脑复苏预后的措施

改善心肺脑复苏预后的措施上海医科大学华山医院急诊科（２０００４０）杨涵铭抢救突然心跳呼吸停止即心肺复苏术（ＣＰＲ），ＣＰＲ的最终目标是保护脑功能完整，使病人恢复正常社会生活能力，所以又称心肺脑复苏（ＣＰＣＲ）。心跳停止４～６分钟，脑组织发生不可逆的病...     

急诊超长心肺复苏16例分析

近年来,超长心肺复苏(CPR)成功的报道增多,针对特殊病因、特殊情况的超长CPR逐渐受到重视,我院急诊科2001-01以来对16例病人进行了超过30 min的CPR,最终出院5例,死亡11例。现报道如下。1 资料与方法     

老年患者急诊心肺复苏50例抢救分析

目的通过分析进一步提高急诊老年患者心肺复苏的水平。方法回顾2005年1月至2006年12月接诊老年心跳骤停患者50例临床资料。结果复苏成功7例，死亡43例，存活率11％。结论①CPR开始时间是复苏成功最为重要的环节；②立即建立人工循环肾上腺素用量与用药时机有效结合起来是CPR成功的重要措施；③加强院前急救，提高院前复苏的成功率。     

心肺复苏预后影响因素的研究进展

<正>心搏骤停(cardiac arrest,CA)是导致居民死亡的主要原因之一。2015年美国心脏协会(AHA)报告约36万人发生院外心搏骤停(out-of-hospital cardiac arrests,OHCA)~([1]),中国每年约发生54.4万例OHCA。尽管CPR技术在不断发展和进步,但CA的存活率并没有得到显著的提高。美国最近的统计显示OHCA患者的出院存活率为     

急诊护士心肺复苏术培训的新进展

心肺复苏术是一项具有社会普遍价值的、在发病现场实用性很强的医疗急救技术。虽然已经在全社会进行推广培训,但现今在实际推广培训过程中存在很多不足,远未达到预期目标。本文就急诊护士培训内容和方法的新进展进行综述。     

An evaluation of the effectiveness of the Opportunities for Resuscitation and Citizen Safety (ORCS) defibrillator training programme designed for older school children

OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of an automated external defibrillation (AED) training programme on the knowledge, attitudes and application of BLS and AED use in young people of secondary school age in Manchester, United Kingdom. METHOD: Students from two schools who had piloted Opportunities for Resuscitation and Citizen Safety (ORCS) in the academic year 2004/2005 volunteered to partake in the study. This 'ORCS intervention' group was compared against a control group, which consisted of students who had no formal training in resuscitation nor, to our knowledge, any other form of life support training during their time at secondary school. All students were assessed and scored on their knowledge and performance of the BLS algorithm (in accordance with the UK Resuscitation Council ('Resuscitation Guidelines for the Citizen') and the use of a trainer defibrillator on a fictional cardiac arrest scenario. RESULTS: We compared 34 ORCS-trained students with 25 control students, all aged between 13 and 16 years. Approximately, twice as many ORCS-trained students than the control students performed many parts of the algorithm correctly, such as checking for danger, checking for response, opening the airway and checking for breathing. More than three times as many ORCS-trained students than controls correctly performed CPR (50% versus 12% of students). As expected, the use of the AED was the part of the algorithm performed worst, but was performed correctly by six times as many ORCS students as controls (27% versus 4% of students). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that training through the ORCS scheme has a positive influence on the ability of secondary school teenagers to perform emergency life support (ELS), but particularly in their ability to deploy an AED and perform CPR.     

Cardiac arrest patients in the emergency department-National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, 2001-2007

Aim of the study

Few studies have focused on the full complement of cardiac arrest cases seen in hospital emergency departments (ED). The aims of our study were to describe cardiac arrest visits in the ED by using a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults.

Methods

ED data from the 2001–2007 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) were analyzed. Cardiac arrest visits were considered to be those with an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) code of 427.5 as the primary diagnosis.

Results and conclusions

From 2001 to 2007, adults in the U.S. made an estimated 600,729,000 ED visits. Of those, 1,001,000 (0.17%) had a primary diagnosis of cardiac arrest. The majority of patients with such visits were dead on arrival or died in the ED (74.0%). The mean age for cardiac arrest visits was 66.7 years (95% confidence interval [CI], 64.6–68.8 years). Women had a lower rate of cardiac arrest visits than men (age-adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.6; 95% CI, 0.5–0.8), and the privately insured (AOR, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2–0.7) and those with government insurance (AOR, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.3–0.9) had a lower proportion of cardiac arrest ED visits than uninsured persons. In addition, increasing age was a significant predictor of cardiac arrest visits. Cardiac arrest visits did not vary significantly by race, geographic region, or metropolitan statistical area. ED visits classified as cardiac arrest represent 1 in 600 visits and these visits differ by age, sex, payment source, and arrival time at the ED.     

急诊护士心肺复苏操作培训效果的评价

目的 评价北京地区6家三甲医院的急诊科护士进行心肺复苏培训的实际效果.方法 应用心肺复苏培训设备对每个人员进行模拟心肺复苏操作,检测复苏时按压幅度、按压频率、按压间释放压力,同时记录5组30∶ 2 CPR操作按压及通气的时间,根据培训前检测中发现的不足采取针对性培训,再行培训效果检测.结果 培训前心肺复苏操作总体合格率较低,尤其以按压过快为显,培训后明显提高合格率.结论 受试人员培训前操作整体水平不高,经培训后明显改善.     

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation of pregnant women in the emergency department

AimLittle is known about outcomes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to determine the prognostic value of pregnancy in women receiving CPR in the emergency department (ED).MethodsWe conducted a population-based, matched cohort study using the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) from 2006 to 2010. A cohort of pregnant women receiving CPR in the ED was compared to an age-matched cohort of non-pregnant women at a 1:10 ratio. Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for variables of interest and survival.ResultsAmong 8162 women requiring CPR in the ED, we identified 157 pregnant women. Pregnancy was associated with better overall survival of 36.9% compared to 25.9% in non-pregnant women, OR 1.89 (1.32–2.70), p < 0.01. Traumatic injury was identified as a significant predictor of outcome in pregnancy. In non-trauma patients, pregnant women had significantly better odds of surviving CPR than non-pregnant women, OR 2.10 (1.41–3.13), p < 0.01. In cases of trauma, no significant difference was observed between groups.ConclusionAlthough further studies are needed, CPR in pregnancy is associated with a better prognosis compared to non-pregnant women, with trauma status being a key factor predicting outcome in the pregnant patient.     

甲泼尼龙对心肺复苏后患者血清细胞因子的影响

目的 探讨甲泼尼龙对心肺复苏后患者血清细胞因子表达的影响.方法 将2005年5月至2007年5月上海市闸北区中心医院心肺复苏恢复自主循环(ROSC)30例患者,经心电监护或心电图证实院内心跳呼吸骤停,即刻心肺复苏恢复自主循环、生存≥48 h、年龄≥18岁患者;入选病例排除因各种疾病终末期、晚期肿瘤、自然死亡因素所致心跳呼吸停止者,及发病前一周内伴有各种感染、休克、严重创伤者.随机分为A组(甲泼尼龙组,n=14):复苏后加用甲泼尼龙每日3 mg/kg,分两次静脉滴注,连续3 d;B组(对照组,n=16):采用常规心肺复苏治疗.两组患者原发病因基本相仿.ELISA法检测两组心肺复苏即刻、ROSC后24 h、48 h、72 h、7 d的血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)水平.资料数据采用SPSS11.5版统计软件进行分析处理,计量资料以均数±标准差(-x±s)表示,两组各不同时间点计量资料两两比较采用成组t检验,两组心肺复苏后SIRS患病率和病死率采用Chi-square test,以P＜0.05为差异有统计学意义.结果 两组心跳骤停至心肺复苏恢复自主循环平均间期[(8.9±4.6)min,(9.6±5.0)min]及心肺复苏即刻血清TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10水平差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).与B组比较,A组ROSC后24 h、48 h血清TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8水平明显降低(P＜0.05～0.01),ROSC后72 h A组血清IL-8水平(114.33±149.72)仍低于B组(332.09±277.45)(P＜0.05),ROSC后7 d两组血清各细胞因子水平差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).血清IL-10水平两组在不同时间点差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 早期应用甲泼尼龙可降低心肺复苏后患者血清TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8释放,对复苏患者有保护作用.     

Transesophageal echocardiography during cardiopulmonary arrest in the emergency department

Management of patients in cardiopulmonary arrest is challenging and can be resource consuming. Outcomes continue to be poor and physicians may feel a sense of futility when running a resuscitation. Bedside ultrasound has been utilized to guide resuscitations, diagnose correctable cardiac pathology leading to an arrest and has proved to have a prognostic value when utilized in the initial stages of resuscitation. Bedside emergency ultrasound is limited by inability to scan during chest compression and poor image quality in obese patients and those with emphysema. During cardiopulmonary resuscitation pulse checks need to be rapid and leave little time for transducer manipulation during image acquisition. Recent American Heart Association guidelines further stress the need for quality chest compressions and minimizing intervals with no compressions. Transesophageal echocardiography offers high resolution and clarity of images in the vast majority of patients. It allows for constant visualization of the heart, even during chest compressions, cardioversion and other procedures. This case series describes the use of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) during cardiac arrest by emergency physicians. The cases illustrate some of the potential benefits of TEE during cardiopulmonary arrest.