老年髋部骨质疏松性骨折综合治疗探讨

目的　介绍老年髋部骨质疏松性骨折综合治疗方法,并探讨其优越性。方法　对６０ 例老年髋部骨质疏松性骨折病人进行回顾,设立单纯骨科治疗组与综合治疗组,比较其疗效及并发症发生率。结果　所有病人随访２～２０ 月,综合治疗组比单纯骨科治疗组疗效总优良率高,且并发症发生率低（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论　老年髋部骨质疏松性骨折综合治疗即除治疗骨折外,同时处理原发病骨质疏松症,有利于提高骨折愈合率,减少并发症及死亡率     

骨质疏松性老年髋部骨折653例临床观察

目的探讨骨质疏松性老年髋部骨折手术及术后早期功能锻炼与抗骨质疏松药物联合应用的疗效。方法653例骨质疏松性老年髋部骨折患者中201例采用手术治疗配合早期功能锻炼,另452例患者在前述治疗方法的基础上加用抗骨质疏松药物治疗6个月。两组患者均在术后3月、6月、1年门诊摄片随访影像学情况。结果采用手术治疗配合早期功能锻炼的患者,治疗1年后出现内固定物松动8例,内固定物切割5例,假体松动6例,再骨折3例。加用抗骨质疏松药物治疗的患者中未出现以上病例。结论骨质疏松性老年髋部骨折在手术治疗和早期功能锻炼的同时,术后配合应用抗骨质疏松药物治疗,可以显著提高疗效。     

老年骨质疏松致髋部骨折21例治疗体会

骨质疏松引起股骨颈、粗隆间强度下降，是造成老年人易发生髋部骨折的主要原因。随着社会老龄化，老年人髋部骨折日渐增多，给家庭和社会造成极大负担，我院从９５年３月至９８年３月对２１例老年髋部骨折患者采用钙片，ＶＤ、口服中药蒸洗、功能锻炼等综合治疗，效果满意...     

老年骨质疏松性髋部骨折的治疗体会

目的总结老年骨质疏松性髋部骨折的治疗方法及效果。方法回顾性分析90例老年骨质疏松性髋部骨折患者的临床资料。结果 90例患者保守治疗15例,期间出现并发症3例。手术治疗75例,期间出现并发症9例。其中内固定手术后4例股骨头坏死,均再次行髋关节置换术。本组均获12~24个月的随访,根据疗效评判标准:痊愈30例(33.33%),基本痊愈46例(51.11%),差:14例(15.56)。死亡3例(3.33%)。结论对骨质疏松性髋部骨折患者,需根据病情及自身状况合理实施保守或手术治疗,同时辅以骨质疏松治疗,可提高治疗效果,改善患者预后。     

骨质疏松并髋部骨折的治疗

目的 通过对62例骨质疏松并髋部骨折的治疗，探论其手术治疗的必要性及优越性。方法 回顾分析了其的骨质疏松程度、术前并存症、手术方式、术后并发症。结果 手术组平均住院22d，并发症发生率12．3％；非手术组平均住院87d，3例死于肺部感染和全身衰竭，并发症发生率为28．6％。结论 骨质疏松并髋部骨折的手术治疗是必要的，也是安全的。     

骨质疏松与老年髋部骨折

目的观察60岁以上的老年人与同性别年轻人骨密度峰值的差别,老年髋部骨折患者与同年龄组健康老年人骨密度的差异,及近11年来老年髋部骨折发生的一般规律。探索老年髋部骨折与骨质疏松的关系。方法测量20~35岁年龄组正常男性和女性的腰椎、股骨颈、Ward三角及大转子区的骨密度值;测量60岁以上健康老年男性及女性各年龄组的骨密度值;测量60岁以上新入院髋部骨折男、女性患者的骨密度值。所有结果均进行统计学处理。统计近11年来收治的445例60岁以上髋部骨折患者的年龄、性别分布规律。结果60岁以上的男、女性老年人与同性别年轻人骨密度比较,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01);健康老年男性骨密度明显高于同年龄组女性(P<0.01);健康老年男、女性骨密度明显高于同年龄组髋部骨折患者(P<0.01);对近11年来收治的445例老年髋部骨折患者的性别、年龄进行比较,差异无显著性意义。结论虽然老年骨折常由外伤引起,但骨质疏松是老年人骨折的重要内在因素;尽管老年男性比女性骨密度高,但两者的骨折机会及骨折发生率基本相同。     

老年髋部骨折的手术治疗

目的：报告老年人髋部骨折临床治疗效果，分析老年人髋部骨折特点及诊治注意事项。方法：对55岁以上老年髋部骨折193例的临床资料进行总结分析。结果：随访135例，时间6～22个月。术后下肢静脉栓塞2例，股骨头缺血性坏死1例，内固定物松动1例，116例(85．9％)恢复行走功能。结论：老年人髋部骨折以女性多见，65岁以后，老年髋部骨折发生率明显上升。说明随着年龄的增加，骨折的发生率明显增高，骨折危险性增加。老年人髋部骨折属于骨质疏松性骨折，一般都有明显外伤史。老年人多伴有心血管系统或呼吸系统疾病，骨折后长期卧床具有致命的危险，因此若无禁忌证应争取早期手术。在治疗骨折的同时，应注意对骨质疏松症的治疗。应重视骨折后下肢深静脉血栓形成的预防。     

老年骨质疏松性髋部骨折的围手术期治疗体会

目的探讨老年人骨质疏松髋部骨折手术治疗的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2005年6月～2010年12月200例老年人骨质疏松性髋部骨折的治疗方法及效果。结果 60例高龄骨折疏松性髋部骨折患者得到2个月～6年随访,根据Sanders评分标准,Harris评分优良率85%。结论尽早手术治疗骨质疏松性髋部骨折可以有效减少高龄患者的并发症及恢复功能活动。     

提高老年骨折的临床治疗水平

本期《中华创伤骨科杂志》是以“老年骨折”为主要内容的重点刊，涉及老年股骨转子间骨折，肱骨近端骨折，桡骨远端骨折．股骨远端、髌骨、胫骨干、踝关节等部位骨折的内固定手术治疗。骨质疏松是老年人发生骨折的高危因素之一，也是骨折后导致处理棘手的原因所在。除了骨质疏松，由于老年人通常有各种并存症的存在，愈发增加了老年骨折的处理难度。如何提高骨折的治疗质量及预防再骨折的发生成为目前处理老年骨折的工作重心。     

骨质疏松并髋部骨折的治疗

目的　通过对 6 2例骨质疏松并髋部骨折的治疗 ,探论其手术治疗的必要性及优越性。方法　回顾分析了其的骨质疏松程度、术前并存症、手术方式、术后并发症。结果　手术组平均住院 2 2d ,并发症发生率 1 2 3% ;非手术组平均住院 87d ,3例死于肺部感染和全身衰竭 ,并发症发生率为 2 8 6 %。结论　骨质疏松并髋部骨折的手术治疗是必要的 ,也是安全的     

The economic impact of geriatric hip fractures.

Hip fractures, a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly, are expected to exponentially increase in frequency over the next 50 years as a result of increased life expectancy and population growth. The economic impact of the cost of hip fractures may be enormous. The overall cost of hip fractures includes not only death and illness, but also the costs of medical and custodial care, functional limitations, reduced quality of life, loss of independence, and inability to work, as well as other factors that are difficult to assess--most notably, the indirect effect of the hip fracture on the spouse or family members responsible for care. This review will evaluate the cost of geriatric hip fractures in the hopes of defining the enormous socioeconomic burden of such fractures.     

Effect of weekend admission on geriatric hip fractures

BACKGROUND The care discrepancy for patients presenting to a hospital on the weekend relative to the work week is well documented. With respect to hip fractures, however, there is no consensus about the presence of a so-called "weekend effect". This study sought to determine the effects, if any, of weekend admission on care of geriatric hip fractures admitted to a large tertiary care hospital. It was hypothesized that geriatric hip fracture patients admitted on a weekend would have longer times to medical optimization and surgery and increased complication and mortality rates relative to those admitted on a weekday.AIM To determine if weekend admission of geriatric hip fractures is associated with poor outcome measures and surgical delay.METHODS A retrospective chart review of operative geriatric hip fractures treated from 2015-2017 at a large tertiary care hospital was conducted. Two cohorts were compared: patients who arrived at the emergency department on a weekend, and those that arrived at the emergency department on a weekday. Primary outcome measures included mortality rate, complication rate, transfusion rate, and length of stay. Secondary outcome measures included time from emergency department arrival to surgery, time from emergency department arrival to medical optimization, and time from medical optimization to surgery.RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in length of stay(P = 0.2734), transfusion rate(P = 0.9325), or mortality rate(P = 0.3460) between the weekend and weekday cohorts. Complication rate was higher in patients who presented ona weekend compared to patients who presented on a weekday(13.3% vs 8.3%; P = 0.044). Time from emergency department arrival to medical optimization(22.7 h vs 20.0 h; P = 0.0015), time from medical optimization to surgery(13.9 h vs 10.8 h; P = 0.0172), and time from emergency department arrival to surgery(42.7 h vs 32.5 h; P 0.0001) were all significantly longer in patients who presented to the hospital on a weekend compared to patients who presented to the hospital on a weekday.CONCLUSION This study provided insight into the "weekend effect" for geriatric hip fractures and found that day of presentation has a clinically significant impact on delivered care.     

Paraplegia caused by vertebral compression fractures in senile osteoporosis

Paraplegia followed spontaneous deformed osteoporotic spine is very rare. Our own 3 cases treated conservatively in two and operatively in one with success and 11 cases reported in the literatures were analyzed. All patients were recovered from paraplegia. One patient was died one and a half year after the recovery of her paralytic episode. Thorough autopsy study of this patient showed no organic lesion in the regarded spinal cord due to such kind of spine deformity.     

Timing of complications following surgery for geriatric hip fractures

IntroductionDespite abundant literature present on complications following hip fracture surgery, few studies have focused on the timing of these complications.Materials and methodsThe 2015–2016 American College of Surgeons – National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried for patients ≥65 years of age undergoing hip fracture surgery, due to trauma, using CPT-Codes for total hip arthroplasty (27130), Hemiarthroplasty (27125) and Open Reduction/Internal Fixation (ORIF) (27236, 27244, 27245). For each complication being studied, the median time to diagnosis was determined along with the interquartile range (IQR). Cox-regression analyses were used to assess complication timings between various surgeries.ResultsA total of 31,738 were included in the final cohort. The median time of occurrence (days) for myocardial infarction was 2 [IQR 1–6], pneumonia 4 [IQR 2–12], stroke/CVA 3 [IQR 1–10], pulmonary embolism 5 [IQR 2–14], urinary tract infection (UTI) 8 [IQR 2–15], deep venous thrombosis (DVT) 9 [IQR 4–17], sepsis 11 [IQR 5–19], death 12 [IQR 6–20], superficial surgical site infection (SSI) 16 [IQR 12–22], deep SSI 23 [IQR 15–24] and organ/space SSI 19 [IQR 15–23]. Undergoing a THA vs. ORIF for hip fracture was associated a relatively early occurrence of pneumonia (day 3 [IQR 1–5.25]; p = 0.029) and urinary tract infection (day 4 [IQR 1–13]; p = 0.035) and a later occurrence of organ/space SSI (day 23.5 [IQR 19.5–26.75]; p = 0.002).ConclusionOrthopaedic trauma surgeons can utilize this data to optimize care strategies during the time-periods of highest risk to prevent complications from occurring early on in the course of post-operative care.     

Fat macroglobulemia caused by fractures or total hip replacement.

The numbers of fat macroglobules in peripheral venous blood were recorded for 136 prospectively studied patients with fractures of the pelvis, femur, or tibia. Groups of healthy volunteers and patients undergoing total hip replacement or abdominal surgery served as controls. The highest incidence of fat macroglobulemia occurred in patients with fractures of the femur who also had these clinical signs: petechiae, hypoxia, and depression of the central nervous system. The peak incidence occurred within the first eight hours after fracture. The over-all incidence of fat macroglobulemia in the other surgical patients was roughly equivalent to that in the fracture patients.     

火器伤致髋部骨折术后骨不连的手术治疗

目的探讨髋部火器伤骨折术后骨不连的手术治疗方法。方法1998年6月-2005年6月共收治16例火器伤致髋部骨折术后骨不连患者,9例转子间骨折术后骨不连行断端清理,重新复位,动力髋螺钉内固定加大量植骨手术;7例股骨颈骨折术后骨不连患者行人工全髋关节置换术。有外固定架者拆除外固定架后抗感染治疗1-2周再手术,有内固定者一次性拆除内固定再手术。结果所有患者得到平均2年8个月随访,切口均甲级愈合,可在无痛下独立行走。转子间骨折部位均骨性愈合,无内固定松动及断裂。人工关节置换患者术后假体无松动及下沉现象。结论髋部火器伤骨折术后骨不连患者应在创口闭合6个月以上才行手术,对转子间骨折术后骨不连行动力髋螺钉内固定加植骨术和对股骨颈骨折术后骨不连行全髋关节置换手术可早期活动、消除疼痛、改善关节功能、减少并发症的发生。     

双髋骨质疏松的差别与髋部骨折的相关性分析

目的 探讨双侧髋部骨质疏松程度的差别与髋部骨折发牛之间的关系,为防治骨质疏松性骨折提供参考依据.方法 选取骨质疏松髋部骨折患者108例,平均年龄79.4岁,对其分别测定骨折侧和对侧髋部的Singh指数和股骨上段皮质厚度.结果 骨折侧的Singh指数平均为2.87 ±1.08,对照侧则为3.47±1.02,两者相比有显著差异(P<0.05).股骨上段皮质厚度骨折侧平均为0.59±0.16,对照侧为0.69±0.13,两者相比有显著差异(P<0.05).结论 髋部骨折往往发生在两侧髋部骨质疏松程度较为严重的一侧,故对比双髋的Singh指数和皮质骨厚度可以提高髋部骨折危险性的预测,同时在治疗上可以给予针对性的措施,以防止骨折的发生.     

多学科协作诊疗在老年髋部骨折治疗中的临床应用

目的探讨多学科协作诊疗模式在老年髋部骨折中治疗应用的临床疗效。方法回顾分析2020年4月至2021年4月北京市房山区良乡医院骨科采用多学科协作诊疗模式治疗的159例老年髋部骨折患者(研究组),与2018年12月至2019年12月采用传统模式治疗的183例患者(对照组)进行比较。结果两组在性别、麻醉ASA分级、髋部骨折类型比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组年龄显著高于对照组(81.4±4.2)岁比(79.6±3.2)岁。研究组手术治疗比例显著高于对照组(89.9%比80.9%)。研究组术前等待时间(3.6±0.4)d、住院时间(10.8±0.3)d,显著短于对照组。研究组院内并发症发生率显著低于对照组(4.40%比6.01%)。研究组120 d病死率显著低于对照组(3.77%比4.37%)。研究组120天Parker功能评分显著优于对照组。结论与传统的诊疗模式相比,多学科协作诊疗模式可以提高老年髋部骨折患者手术比例,缩短术前等待时间和住院时间,降低并发症发生率和病死率,提高功能效果。