正颌外科学

以研究和诊治牙颌面畸形 (ｄｅｎｔｏ ｍａｘｉｌｌｏｆａｃｉａｌｄｅｆｏｒｏｎｉｔｉｅｓ)为主要内容的正颌外科学 (ｏｒｔｈｏｇｎａｔｈｉｃｓｕｒｇｅｒｙ)是口腔医学与口腔颌面外科学的一个新分支学科。我国的正颌外科学在2 0世纪 80年代逐渐兴起 ,现已步入较成熟阶段。近年来 ,将牵张 (或称牵引 )成骨 (ｄｉｓｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎｏｓｔｅｏｇｅｎｅｓｉｓ,ＤＯ)的理论和技术与经典的正颌外科理论和技术结合 ,使牙颌面畸形的外科矫治工作进入了一个新的发展阶段。牵张成骨术在颅颌面外科的应用 ,国际上亦仅 10年 ;我国则起步更晚 ,但发…     

安徽省1997年度卫生科技进展

安徽省医疗卫生成果获得本省97年度科技进步奖共45项,现择要介绍于下: (一)外科学 1.带血管同种异体骨低温冷藏和移植的基础研究和临床应用蚌埠医学院附院针对骨大块缺损修复困难的问题,开展了低温冷藏带血管同种异体骨移植的一系列的研究工作。研究从解决冷冻对血管损伤的问题着手,通过动物实验,取得     

出版消息

▲《实用矫形外科学》由英国著名外科学家L.R.莫西尔著,徐澄、李世民、王介民、贺俊兰主译,32万字,定价38元。 本书图文并茂,从临床实用和骨科教学角度,简明地叙述了世界上对骨损伤和骨疾病的最新诊疗观点和技术,并对骨科X线检查阅片、运功医学、软组织损伤,以及骨科的一些特殊     

第二军医大学博士后流动站、博士学位授予点一览表

类　别　　学　科　名　称国家重点学科肝胆外科学博士后流动站基础医学、临床医学、药学、生物学、公共卫生与预防医学博士学位授予点生理学、微生物学、神经生物学、遗传学、细胞生物学、生物化学与分子生物学、生物物理学、人体解剖学与组织胚胎学、免疫学、病原生物学、病理学与病理生理学、法医学、放射医学、航空、航天与航海医学、内科学（心血管）、内科学（血液）、内科学（呼吸）、内科学（消化）、内科学（肾病）、神经病学、皮肤病与性病学、影像医学与核医学、临床诊断检验学、外科学（普外）、外科学（肝外）、外科学（骨外）…     

运用警示病例优化骨科课堂教学的探讨

骨科教学警示病例主要就是指用于教学,并和骨科基本知识理论及伦理有关的误诊误治病例,按照骨科内容相关的原则进行分类。在骨科教学中适当的插入一些警示病例可以起到加深印象、辅助记忆,提高责任意识,强化人性医学的作用,是优化骨外科学课堂教学的有效途径。     

《潍坊医学院学报》2006年第28卷第1～6期总目次

临床骨外科学髓芯减压植骨联合BMP植入治疗股骨头坏死的临床观察常炳营,刘亚,田云虎,………………………………………等1:1锁骨钩钢板与交叉克氏针张力带治疗锁骨远端骨折脱位的疗效比较冀旭斌,庄青山,赵松,……………………………等1:4隐动脉膝上皮支筋膜皮瓣修复月国窝部瘢痕挛缩………………………………………………………………林立新,唐胜建1:7颅脑外科学脑损害标志物动态检测在颅脑损伤病人预后判断中的价值王寿先,王成东,武丽丽,………………………………………等1:9实验性脑创伤后脑损害生化标志物水平的动态变化王成东,王玉亭,…     

基于“小规模限制性在线课程+翻转课堂”的混合教学在骨外科学教学中的应用

选取广州医科大学2017级临床医学专业的60名学生进行骨外科学的颈椎病教学，随机分为对照组和试验组，对照组采用常规教学模式，试验组采用“小规模限制性在线课程+翻转课堂”的混合教学模式。通过闭卷考试比较两组学生颈椎病章节的理论成绩，通过问卷调查比较两组学生对教学效果的满意度，以探讨骨外科学教学中“小规模限制性在线课程+翻转课堂”的混合教学模式的应用效果。     

2021年度骨外科学领域重要研究进展

2021年已悄然逝去, 回顾这一年, 全世界骨科医师积极奋战在抗击新冠肺炎疫情一线的同时, 也作出了卓越的临床工作和科学研究成果。一些新技术、新理念持续推动着骨科的发展。笔者将对2021年度骨外科学领域各专业的新进展作简要概述。     

注重高等中医院校“西医外科学”教师的培养

医科大学讲授的"外科学"课程在高等中医院校中被称为"西医外科学",以区别于传统的"中医外科学"。随着全国范围内各中医院校的发展和扩招,师资不足的问题凸显出来。为了培养出高水平的外科教师,作者从"西医外科学"在高等中医院     

距骨骨折52例手术疗效及影响因素分析

目的探讨距骨骨折手术的疗效及病后影响因素.方法 将2011年3月至2012年3月来我院,治疗的距骨骨折患者52例,按照Hawkins分型,对症治疗同时嘱咐患者定期复查,观察骨折的愈合情况,并参考美国足踝外科学会的踝-后足评分系统(AOFAS评分)对其治疗情况进行对比分析.结果 优良组和中差组在固定情况下p>0.05,无差异性,在骨复位情况下(P<0.05)具有显著性差异.距骨坏死率与创伤性关节炎发生率与复位不佳和距骨体骨折具有相关性(P<0.05).结论 对于具有位移型的据骨骨折,应尽可能地解剖复位,同时积极帮助患者术后恢复治疗,能有效的降低术后并发症的发生几率.     

骨外科教学改革的探讨

骨外科的教学一直以来都是外科学的重点和难点。本文旨在对骨科学的教学内容、教学方法和教学手段进行改革,以便提高骨外科学的教学质量,通过一系列改革措施,不仅让学生掌握骨外科的理论知识和最新进展,而且培养学生临床思维能力、创新意识、科研精神和动手操作能力,适应时代发展的要求。     

谈骨科实习阶段医学生临床工作能力的培养

骨科是临床实践性很强的学科，发展速度快，根据骨科的技术特点，加强对实习医生的基本技能训练及临床思维能力的培养，探索开放式的临床教学模式，激发医学生主动发现和解决问题，提高处理临床情况的能力及综合素质，培养创新精神。     

骨科创伤学PBL教学模式对临床医学生批判性思维的影响研究

目的：探讨骨科创伤学PBL教学模式对不同人格医学生批判性思维能力是否有促进作用.采用改良式加利福尼亚批判性思维调查问卷（CTDI-CV）和艾森克人格问卷（EPQ）对临床医学见习组进行了为期一学期（18周）的跟踪比较研究,并统计分析.结果：医学生的批判性思维能力水平在PBL实施后较以前有了显著提高（P＜0.05）,而且这种差异与学生的人格特征有交互作用.结论：PBL教学模式有助于提高临床医学生的批判性思维能力.     

Ambulatory surgery and anaesthesia in HUKM, a teaching hospital in Malaysia: the first two years experience

Ambulatory or day care surgery is still in its infancy in this part of the world. Our newly built university affiliated hospital started its Day Surgery Centre in February 1998. It is the first multidisciplinary ambulatory surgery centre in a teaching hospital in the country. It caters for Orthopaedic surgery, Urology, Plastic surgery, Otorhinolaryngology, General surgery, Paediatric surgery and Ophthalmology. We have done 2,604 cases and our unanticipated admission rate is less than 2%. There has been no major morbidity or mortality. The problems of setting up a multidisciplinary ambulatory centre in a teaching hospital are discussed.     

Spinal tuberculosis

Seventy-one out of eighty-four cases of spinal infection operated on at the Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital in the last 12 years were due to tuberculosis.     

内热式针灸针配合物理疗法治疗女性髂骨致密性骨炎的疗效观察

目的观察内热式针灸针配合物理疗法治疗女性髂骨致密性骨炎引起腰腿痛的治疗效果。方法采用随机数字表法将40例患者分为治疗组和对照组,每组20例。治疗组行内热针配合物理治疗;对照组行物理治疗。分别于治疗前、治疗1周和2周后,采用视觉模拟评分(VAS)和日本矫形协会(JOA)腰痛评分标准评估两组患者腰腿部疼痛程度及腰腿部功能障碍改善情况。结果治疗后两组患者VAS评分和JOA评分均明显改善(P0.05),治疗组治疗2周后较对照组改善更明显(P0.05)。结论内热式针灸针配合物理疗法对女性髂骨致密性骨炎具有显著疗效。     

The Manipulated History of Manipulations of Spines and Joints? Rethinking Orthopaedic Medicine Through the 19th Century Discourse of European Mechanical Medicine

More than one single professional group deals with therapeutic manipulations of the spine and the joints. Osteopaths, Chiropractors, Naprapaths, Physical Therapists (and a contingent Physicians) all share this interest. Each profession is also very clear about where its bulk of knowledge stems from. The disciplines that are reckoned as the oldest are from the USA. A number of “inventors” are to be found, all without a formal university degree in Medicine. Andrew Taylor Still (1828–1917) came up with his system of Osteopathy in 1874. Daniel D. Palmer (1845–1913), the man behind Chiropractic, founded his system in 1894, and Palmer’s colleague and former student, Oakley Smith (1880–1967), developed Naprapathy in 1906/1907. Physical Therapists working with what is called Orthopaedic Manual Physical Therapy are on the other hand not claiming American ancestry, nor do their body of knowledge and clinical skills originate from outside the medical profession. It is an offspring of Orthopaedic Medicine (OM) which was an invention by Physicians. Date and place of birth is said to be 1929 in England. This article turns the above-mentioned chronology on its head. It will show that Orthopaedic Medicine likely is the oldest system. It will also unearth OM’s sturdy roots in a strong but forgotten, and even hidden, discourse of Mechanical Medicine found in 19th century Europe, which was ruled by Physical Therapists. Why “we” do not know about this “history” is analysed and explained from a variety of perspectives.     

From presentation to publication: the natural history of orthopaedic abstracts in the United Kingdom

Background

Up to 63% of the chapters in major orthopaedic textbooks use the results from abstracts that have been presented at international orthopaedic meetings.

Methods

Orthopaedic abstracts were reviewed that were presented at the 1997 and 1998 meetings of the British Orthopaedic Association and other specialist orthopaedic meetings. The number of abstracts that had gone on to a full text publication was assessed and changes in study design or outcome were determined.

Results

Of the 415 abstracts 137 (33.0%) went on to full text publication. Abstracts presented at the British Orthopaedic Association were significantly more likely to go on to full text publication than abstracts from the other meetings studied. The mean time to publication was 15.6 months. Sample sizes in unpublished studies were smaller (mean 129.8 subjects compared with a mean of 191.4 subjects for published studies). Of full text papers, 19.0% differed regarding study design from the abstract presented at the initial meeting and 10.9% had published different results. Randomised controlled trials had the highest rate of later full text publication (53.6%) followed by observational studies (32.8%), basic science studies (31.4%), and case reports (6.7%).

Conclusions

In comparison with a study from North America, similar numbers of abstracts presented at meetings finally became published as full text articles, the abstracts had fewer authors, more often included randomised controlled trials and follow up data, and had fewer changes to the results. It is questionable whether the inclusion of such results from abstracts presented at international meetings by major orthopaedic textbooks should be undertaken before full text publication.     

小切口有限开窗技术治疗腰椎间盘突出症中期疗效分析

目的:比较小切口有限开窗手术治疗与传统手术方法治疗腰椎间盘突出症的中期疗效分析。方法:采用日本矫形外科协会(JOA)关于下腰痛的评分系统评价采用小切口有限开窗治疗的118例与采用传统手术方式治疗的107例腰椎间盘突出症患者的中期疗效。结果:小切口组与传统手术组在总体治疗改善率、主观症状和日常活动受限改善率差异均有统计学意义(P>0.05),而在体征改善率方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:小切口有限开窗术治疗腰椎间盘突出症是一种简单、并发症少、患者满意度高、疗效好的手术术式,正确的手术技法和精细的操作是保障手术安全的前提之一。术前准确评估,术中精确定位及正确的手术技法有助于术中减少开窗范围,进一步提高小切口有限开窗技术的疗效。     

Demographics,nature and treatment of orthopaedic trauma injuries occurring in an agricultural context in the West of Ireland

Background  

Farming is a major industry in the West of Ireland. This prospective study examined the age profile, nature and treatment of orthopaedic injuries occurring in agricultural surroundings presenting at the Orthopaedic Unit of Merlin Park Hospital, Galway.