遂宁地区健康成人外周静脉血PLR参考区间的建立

目的:建立遂宁地区健康成人外周静脉血血小板与淋巴细胞比值(PLR)的参考区间.方法:筛选遂宁地区20～79岁的体检健康成人,采用Sysmex XN-9000血液分析仪配套检测系统进行外周静脉血全血细胞计数,计算其PLR的水平,并以非参数法建立该地区健康成人外周静脉血PLR的参考区间.结果:共纳入4540例体检健康汉族成...     

遂宁地区表观健康成年人群外周血SII,NLR,PLR和LMR参考区间的建立

目的:建立遂宁地区表观健康成年人群外周血全身免疫炎症指数(SII)、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、血小板与淋巴细胞比值(PLR)、淋巴细胞与单核细胞比值(LMR)的参考区间。方法:采用Sysmex XN-9000血液分析仪配套检测系统检测遂宁地区4532例表观健康成人外周血SII,NLR,PLR,LMR的浓度水平,以非参数方法建立SII,NLR,PLR,LMR的参考区间。结果:遂宁地区表观健康成年人群外周血SII,NLR,PLR,LMR的浓度水平呈偏态分布(P<0.05),但经对数转换后,其浓度水平则均呈正态分布(P>0.05)。经Z检验分析显示,SII和NLR不需按性别和年龄段分组建立参考区间;PLR和LMR则需按性别分组建立参考区间,且男性LMR需进一步按年龄段分组建立参考区间。SII的参考区间为117.78~720.46;NLR的参考区间为0.84~3.51;PLR的参考区间男性为43.04~172.22,女性为48.57~188.55;LMR的参考区间20~49岁男性为2.58~8.79,50~79岁男性为2.21~8.03;女性为2.70~9.54。结论:建立遂宁地区表观健康成年人群外周血SII,NLR,PLR,LMR适宜的参考区间,对指导临床应用具有重要意义。     

2400例健康成人血清尿酸值分布特点的调查

目的 通过对珠海地区2400例18~81岁健康成人的血清尿酸的检测,观察其平均水平,进而为建立珠海市健康成人血清尿酸的参考范围提供参考.方法 采用日立7170型全自动生化分析仪检测健康成人血清尿酸浓度,分析其与年龄、性别等因素的关系.结果 血清尿酸水平呈正态分布,男女间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 不同地区和人群测定结果可能会有差别,因此,建议实验室最好建立自己的血清尿酸参考范围.     

遂宁地区表观健康人群低血红蛋白密度参考区间的建立

建立遂宁地区表观健康人群外周血中低血红蛋白密度（LHD）的参考区间。通过 9950例20～89岁表观健康人群的平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度（MCHC）计算该人群的LHD水平,并按性别和年龄进行分组比较,建立该地区LHD的参考区间。各年龄段内男女间LHD水平的差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.01）,且均呈偏态分布;男性各年龄组的参考区间：20～59岁为1.11％～19.41％,60～69岁为1.33％～21.16％,≥70岁为1.59％～27.29％;女性各年龄组的参考区间：20～49岁为2.09％～27.29％,50～69岁为2.28％～29.64％,≥70岁为3.27％～34.83％。成功建立了本地区表观健康人群LHD的参考区间,与通过卫生行业标准《WS/T 405-2012血细胞分析参考区间》直接转换所得的LHD参考区间（1.00％～23.05％）较一致。     

拉萨地区高血压病血浆内皮素的变化

目的 :了解拉萨地区高血压病患者血浆内皮素变化。方法 :采用放射免疫分析方法 ,分别对 30例高血压患者和 30例正常人血浆内皮素水平进行检测。结果 :拉萨地区高血压患者随着血压水平的升高 ,血浆ET浓度也升高 (P <0 0 1 ) ,与健康对照组比有显著差别。结论 :内皮素与拉萨地区血压升高有着密切联系 ,可能参与拉萨地区高血压病的发生与发展     

骨关节炎患者血浆IL-18、IL-21的水平变化及其意义探讨

目的 探讨骨关节炎患者血浆中IL-18、IL-21的水平变化及其与疾病的关系.方法 通过检测26例骨关节炎患者与27例健康成人血浆中IL-18、IL-21水平的差异,探讨其与骨关节炎的关系.结果 26例骨关节炎患者血浆中IL-18和IL-21水平均高于27例健康成人,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 IL-18、IL-21水平在骨关节炎患者中明显增高,可能与疾病的发生有一定联系.     

郑州市区成人血液流变学指标测试结果

<正>笔者于2005-03～2005-12采用锥板式表观粘度测定仪和毛细管血浆粘度检测仪,对郑州市区2110名健康成人血液流变学5项指标进行调查以确定其参考区间。1资料与方法1.1检测对象受试者均为郑州市区事业单位工作人员正     

四川都江堰地区表观健康儿童血细胞分析参考区间的调查研究

目的：调查分析四川都江堰地区入托表观健康儿童血细胞分析相关参数的浓度水平,验证国家卫生健康委员会WS/T779-2021提供的中国儿童血细胞分析参考区间在该地区的适宜性。方法：参照卫生行业标准WS/T779-2021中的参考个体纳入标准和排除标准,通过问卷调查、体格检查、实验室检测等综合评估。选择2022年1月-2022年5月办理入托体检表观健康儿童,年龄2～<6岁,样本数量203例。按年龄分为A组和B组,A组(2～<4岁)102例,B组(4～<6岁)101例。采用迈瑞BC6000 Plus血细胞分析仪进行血常规检验结果分析,并与行业标准WS/T779-2021参考区间进行比较,验证血细胞分析参数的检测结果分布在行标提供的参考区间范围内的比率(符合率)是否≥90%。符合率≥90%,表示参考区间验证通过;验证未通过时,则按WS/T402要求建立或引用适宜的参考区间。结果：A组和B组>90%的血细胞分析相关参数的检测结果分布在WS/T779-2021提供的中国儿童血细胞分析参考区间范围内。结论：该研究血细胞相关参数的验证符合率均≥90%,落在提供的参考区间范围内,表...     

基于实验室数据建立并验证成人糖链抗原72-4的参考区间

目的 基于实验室数据建立本实验室成人血清CA72-4医学参考区间,并验证其适应性。方法 回顾性分析2018年1月至2022年6月间至郑州大学第三附属医院进行健康体检的成人血清CA72-4检测数据。采用独立样本K-S检验对数据进行正态性检验,将数据转换近似正态分布后采用Tukey法剔除离群高值后获得入组数据8 667例,年龄分布18～94岁,其中男性1 878例,女性6 789例。采用Spearman评估血清CA72-4水平与年龄之间的相关性;采用Z检验比较性别、仪器型号及年龄的不同时血清肿瘤标志物CA72-4水平是否存在差异;采用非参数法建立成人不同年龄段血清CA72-4的P₉₅医学参考区间及90%的置信区间。通过每组20健康成人CA72-4结果验证参考区间的设置合理性。结果 郑州地区CA72-4水平与年龄呈微弱负相关(r=-0.023,P=0.03),且18～50岁组与≥50岁组间差异有统计学意义(Z=21.56,Z^*=18.03;Z>Z^*)。不同性别、仪器型号的差异无统计学意义(Z*     

唐山地区儿童血清总胆红素和直接胆红素参考区间确定

目的：调查该地区健康儿童血清总胆红素(TBIL)、直接胆红素(DBIL)正常参考范围，建立符合唐山市地区正常儿童使用的血清TBIL、DBIL参考区间。方法：随机选择2014-2015年在唐山市各大综合医院体检中心进行入托、入学及健康体检和健康新生儿1-12岁健康男儿童、女儿童作为实验组。同时随机选择2014-2015年在我院体检中心进行健康体检的健康男、女成人作为对照组。比较男女儿童之间血清总胆红素(TBIL)、直接胆红素(DBIL)是否存在显著性差异，再比较实验组与对照组是否存在显著性差异。通过百分位数法，确定1~12岁儿童血清TBIL、DBIL参考区间。结果：男童、女童之间差异均无显著性 P>0.05)，但与成人对照组之间差异均存在显著性(P﹤0.01)。1-12岁儿童血清 TBIL、DBIL95%参考区间分别为2.8-16.67μmol/L、0.8-7.40μmol/L。结论：1-12岁儿童参考区间明显低于实验室成人参考区间，应增加儿童的参考区间，提高对儿童疾病诊断的灵敏度。     

Quantitative in vivo and in vitro sex differences in artemisinin metabolism in rat

1. The pharmacokinetics of the antimalarial compound artemisinin were compared in the male and female Sprague-Dawley rat after single dose i.v. (20 mg.kg) or i.p. (50 mg.kg) administration of an emulsion formulation. 2. Plasma clearance of artemisinin was 12.0 (95% confidence interval: 10.4, 13.0) l.h. kg in the male rat and 10.6 (95% CI: 7.5, 15.0) l.h. kg in the female rat suggesting high hepatic extraction in combination with erythrocyte uptake or clearance. Artemisinin half-life was 0.5 h after both routes of administration in both sexes. Values for plasma clearance and half-lives did not statistically differ between the sexes. 3. After i.p. administration artemisinin AUCs were 2-fold higher in the female compared with male rat (p 0.001). Artemisinin disappearance was 3.9-fold greater in microsomes from male compared with female livers and it was inhibited in male microsomes by goat or rabbit serum containing antibodies against CYP2C11 and CYP3A2 but not CYP2B1 or CYP2E1. 4. The unbound fraction of artemisinin in plasma was lower (p 0.001) in plasma obtained from the male (8.8 2.0%) compared with the female rat (11.7 2.2%). 5. The possibility of a marked sex difference, dependent on the route of administration, has to be taken into account in the design and interpretation of toxicological studies of artemisinin in this species.     

Quantitative in vivo and in vitro sex differences in artemisinin metabolism in rat

1. The pharmacokinetics of the antimalarial compound artemisinin were compared in the male and female Sprague-Dawley rat after single dose i.v. (20 mg x kg(-1)) or i.p. (50 mg x kg(-1)) administration of an emulsion formulation. 2. Plasma clearance of artemisinin was 12.0 (95% confidence interval: 10.4, 13.0) 1 x h(-1) x kg(-1) in the male rat and 10.6 (95% CI: 7.5, 15.0) 1 x h(-1) x kg(-1) in the female rat suggesting high hepatic extraction in combination with erythrocyte uptake or clearance. Artemisinin half-life was approximately 0.5 h after both routes of administration in both sexes. Values for plasma clearance and half-lives did not statistically differ between the sexes. 3. After i.p. administration artemisinin AUCs were 2-fold higher in the female compared with male rat (p < 0.001). Artemisinin disappearance was 3.9-fold greater in microsomes from male compared with female livers and it was inhibited in male microsomes by goat or rabbit serum containing antibodies against CYP2C11 and CYP3A2 but not CYP2B1 or CYP2E1. 4. The unbound fraction of artemisinin in plasma was lower (p < 0.001) in plasma obtained from the male (8.8 +/- 2.0%) compared with the female rat (11.7 +/- 2.2%). 5. The possibility of a marked sex difference, dependent on the route of administration, has to be taken into account in the design and interpretation of toxicological studies of artemisinin in this species.     

Interindividual variability in metabolic activation in humans in vivo

In assessing interindividual variability in metabolic activation, the toxic metabolite is often too unstable for conventional analysis. Possible alternatives include a stable product of the reactive metabolite e.g. cysteinyl derivatives of N-acetyl-4-benzoquinoneimine, the toxic metabolite of paracetamol, adducts with DNA or protein, and indirect measurement of the activity of the enzyme(s) producing the active metabolite. An example of the last approach is the use of furafylline, a highly specific inhibitor of human CYP1A2, to determine the extent of the metabolic activation of the cooked food mutagens PhIP and MeIQx. The extent of inhibition, determined from levels of unchanged amine in urine, is an indirect measure of the activity of the activation pathway. Further refinement of this approach, allied to improved measures of the biological process of interest should prove of value in evaluating interindividual variability and its role in the risk assessment process.     

Theophylline kinetics in peripheral tissues in vivo in humans

Several biochemical and cellular effects have been described for methylxanthines under in vitro conditions. However, it is unknown, whether threshold concentrations required to exert these effects are attained in target tissues in vivo. We therefore employed the microdialysis technique for measuring theophylline concentrations in peripheral tissues under in vivo conditions.Following in vitro and in vivo calibration, microdialysis probes were inserted into the medial vastus muscle and into the periumbilical subcutaneous adipose layer of healthy volunteers. Following single oral dose administration of 300 mg or i.v. infusion of 240 mg theophylline, in vivo time courses of theophylline concentrations were monitored in tissues and plasma. Major pharmacokinetic parameters (c_max, t_max, AUC) were calculated for plasma and tissue time courses. The mean AUC_tissue /AUC_plasma-ratio was 0.56 (p.o.) and 0.55 (i.v.) for muscle and 0.55 (p.o.) and 0.72 (i.v.) for subcutaneous adipose tissue.We conclude that microdialysis provides important information on the distribution and the tissue pharmacokinetics of theophylline.Abbreviations FPIA Fluorescence polarisation immuno assay - AUC Area under the curve - t_max Time to peak concentration - c_max Peak concentration     

休克时血中氧自由基的变化

本实验测定10名休克患者血浆和红细胞的丙二醛(MDA)、血浆总抗的氧化活性(AOA)的含量。结果表明:休克病人红细胞膜和血浆 MDA 含量(4.298±0.722;5.348±0.834)与对照组(3.235±0.682;4.356±1.081)比较明显增高(P<0.05);血浆 AOA(39.65±7.858)与对照组(48.21±10.81)比较明显降低(P<0.01)。提示:休克时,患者机体内自由基反应增强是引起组织细胞损伤的原因之一。     

Changes in angiopoietin expression in glomeruli involved in glomerulosclerosis in rats with daunorubicin-induced nephrosis

AIM: To study the potential pathological role of endogenous angiopoietins in daunorubicin-induced progressive glomerulosclerosis in rats. METHODS: Seventy male Wistar rats were allocated randomly into a daunorubicin group (DRB; n=40) or a control group (n=30). The rats in the DRB group were injected with DRB (15 mg/kg), in their tails. Subsequently, at intervals of 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 weeks, 5 male Wistar rats in each group were chosen randomly for 24 h urinary protein quantitative measurements (24 h UPQM), and determination of plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), angiopoietin-1 (Ang1), and angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) levels. Kidney sections were examined by electron microscopy, Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining, immunohistochemical staining and in situ hybridization histochemistry. RESULTS: As glomerulosclerosis progressed in the DRB group, expression of Ang1 mRNA and protein in glomeruli decreased and expression of TNF-alpha protein, Ang2 mRNA and protein in glomeruli increased. Expression of Ang1 mRNA and protein in glomeruli were negatively correlated with 24 h UPQM, Fn protein expression, and mean area of extracellular matrix (MAECM). In comparison, expression of Ang2 mRNA and protein in glomeruli were positively correlated with 24 h UPQM, Fn protein expression and MAECM; furthermore, there was a positive correlation between plasma Ang2 and 24 h UPQM. Plasma TNF-alpha and expression of TNF-alpha in glomeruli were positively correlated with expression of Ang2 mRNA and protein in glomeruli. There was a negative correlation between Ang1 protein expression and Ang2 protein expression in glomeruli. CONCLUSION: During DRB-induced glomerulosclerosis, podocyte injury led to a shift in the balance of Ang1 and Ang2 in glomeruli. Increased TNF-alpha in plasma and glomeruli may upregulate Ang2 expression in glomeruli. Elevated Ang2 in both plasma and glomeruli may mediate protein permeability through the glomerular filtration barrier. Moreover, local expression of Ang2 may facilitate the progress of glomerulosclerosis by upregulating a component expression of extracellular matrix.     

Trichinellosis in immigrants in Switzerland

We describe a case of trichinellosis diagnosed at the Division of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Lugano, in January 2009. This case was associated with a cluster of cases and was traced to the consumption of contaminated meat after a wild boar hunt in Bosnia.