可视喉镜配合纤维支气管镜引导双腔支气管插管在胸外科手术麻醉中的应用

目的研究和探讨可视喉镜配合纤维支气管镜引导双腔支气管插管在胸外科手术麻醉中的应用效果。方法选择我院2016年5月~2017年5月收治的124例行全身麻醉经支气管插管胸外科手术的患者为研究对象,将患者随机分为两组。对照组62例,采用传统的听诊法插管;研究组62例,采用可视喉镜配合纤维支气管镜引导双腔支气管插管。对两组患者插管定位时间、一次性插管成功率及术后48 h并发症情况进行比较分析。结果研究组一次性插管成功为98.4%,对照组一次性插管成功率为59.7%。研究组插管定位时间为(62.4±18.5)s,对照组插管定位时间为(84.1±29.4)s,研究组术后48 h并发症发生3例,占比为4.8%;对照组48 h并发症发生10例,占比为16.1%;两组一次性插管成功率、定位时间及48 h并发症发生率比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论可视喉镜配合纤维支气管镜引导双腔支气管插管在胸外科手术麻醉中可有效减少定位时间、提高一次性插管成功率,降低48 h并发症发生率,可进行临床推广。     

超细支气管镜在大容量全肺灌洗术的应用价值

目的:研究超细支气管镜在大容量全肺灌洗术中如何提高气管导管对位的准确性。方法:126例尘肺病患者行大容量全肺灌洗,使用超细支气管镜检查双腔管对位情况。结果:经超细支气管镜检查证实,双腔管对位满意72例(57.1%),偏深21例(16.7%),偏浅33例(26.2%)。结论:全肺灌洗术使用超细支气管镜双腔管对位准确,可减少灌洗残余量和不良反应。     

可视喉镜在急诊气管插管术中的临床应用价值及安全性探析

目的探讨可视喉镜在急诊气管插管术中的临床应用效果及相关并发症的影响。方法回顾性分析郑州大学第一附属医院2014年1月至2015年12月在急诊治疗时行气管插管术的病例198例,根据操作方法不同分为A组与B组,各99例。A组于普通喉镜引导下进行气管插管;B组于可视喉镜引导下进行气管插管。比较两组插管时间、一次插管成功率及相关并发症差异。结果可视喉镜组患者插管时间显著低于普通喉镜组,一次插管成功率和不良反应发生率均显著优于普通喉镜组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论可视喉镜能明显减少急诊气管插管时间,提高成功率,且不良反应发生率较少,值得推广应用。     

全肺灌洗术中纤维支气管镜检查的应用价值

目的：总结分析41例全肺灌洗术中双腔支气管导管插管的临床经验。方法回顾性分析2010年2月至2015年2月在该院行大容量全肺灌洗术患者41例,对双腔支气管插管后使用听诊定位法与纤维支气管镜定位法进行探讨。结果41例患者利用听诊定位等辅助定位成功39例,2例患者反复听诊定位无法进行双肺隔离,改用纤维支气管镜定位成功。其中使用纤维支气管镜检查后调整导管深度19例,调整后均隔离良好,灌洗顺利。结论全肺灌洗术成功的前提在于双腔支气管导管选择及精确定位。纤维支气管镜直视定位已成为双腔支气管导管定位的金标准。     

困难气道患者采用可视喉镜联合纤维支气管镜引导经口腔清醒气管插管的临床价值分析

目的探讨困难气道经口腔清醒气管插管操作中可视喉镜与纤维支气管镜联合引导价值。方法选择困难气道行经口腔清醒气管插管操作的患者60例,均为我院麻醉科2017年3月至2018年3月收治,随机分组,就单用可视喉镜引导(对照组,n=30)和应用可视喉镜与纤维支气管镜联合引导(观察组,n=30)效果展开对比。结果观察组困难气管患者首次插管成功27例,首次插管成功率为90%;对照组首次插管成功22例,首次插管成功率为73.3%,对比具统计学差异(P0.05)。观察组口咽、牙龈、嘴唇软组织损伤1例,软组织损伤率为3.3%;对照组6例,损伤率为20%,对比具统计学差异(P0.05)。结论困难气道患者经口腔清醒气管插管操作中应用可视喉镜与纤维支气管镜联合引导,可显著提高首次插管成功率,降低软组织损伤风险。     

可视喉镜配合纤维支气管镜引导双腔支气管插管在胸外科手术麻醉中的应用

目的：探讨可视喉镜配合纤维支气管镜引导双腔支气管插管在胸外科手术麻醉中的应用效果。方法：选择我院2021年6月—2022年12月收治的80例行全身麻醉经支气管插管胸外科手术的患者,通过随机数字表法分成两组,各40例。对照组患者以传统听诊法进行插管处理,观察组患者采用可视喉镜配合纤维支气管镜引导双腔支气管插管处理,比较两组患者入室时、插管完成时、插管完成后3min的平均动脉压和心率的情况,插管定位时间、一次插管成功率以及术后48h并发症发生率。结果：两组患者在入室时、插管完成时、插管完成后3min的平均动脉压和心率指标比较,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。观察组患者插管定位时间为(62.4±18.5)s,少于对照组的(84.1±29.4)s(P<0.05),观察组一次性插管成功率为100%,高于对照组的60%(P<0.05)。观察组术后并发症总发生率为2.5%,少于对照组的17.5%(P<0.05)。结论：为胸外科手术麻醉患者采用可视喉镜与纤维支气管镜联合引导双腔支气管插管,可保持患者生命体征指标的稳定,减少定位时间,提高一次性插管成功率,减少相关并发症的发生,具有...     

可视喉镜在手术室外急诊气管插管术中的临床应用效果观察

目的:观察可视喉镜在手术室外急诊气管插管术中的临床应用效果。方法:选取60例行气管插管术的急诊患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组各30例。对照组行普通喉镜,观察组行可视喉镜。对比两组插管时间、一次插管成功率和不良反应发生情况。结果:观察组一次插管成功率为96.67%,明显高于对照组的76.67%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组插管时间为(35.45±12.56)s,明显短于对照组的(58.56±13.45)s,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组不良反应发生率为3.33%(1/30),明显低于对照组的23.33%(7/30),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:可视喉镜应用于手术室外急诊气管插管术中能有效缩短插管时间,提高插管成功率,降低不良反应发生率。     

双肺同期大容量肺灌洗术治疗尘肺病

目的探讨双肺同期大容量肺灌洗术治疗尘肺病的临床效果。方法对34例不同期别的尘肺病患者，在静脉复合麻醉下进行双腔支气管插管，并将双肺成功隔离，进行双肺同期大容量肺灌洗术。结果成功进行双肺同期大容量肺灌洗28例，单侧灌洗6例。术中顺利，术后临床症状消失，无明显术后并发症。结论双肺同期大容量肺灌洗术安全、有效，是治疗尘肺病的有效措施之一。     

视频喉镜联合纤维支气管镜在预测困难气道双腔支气管插管中的应用

目的评估HC视频喉镜联合纤维支气管镜在预测困难气道双腔支气管导管(double-lumen tube,DLT)插管中的应用效果。方法选择择期DLT插管后行胸科手术的患者80例(ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,MallampatiⅢ或Ⅳ级),随机分为A组(n=40)和B组(n=40)。A组选用HC视频喉镜联合纤维支气管镜引导行双腔支气管插管。B组选用HC视频喉镜下直接行双腔支气管插管。两组插管完成后用纤维支气管镜定位。记录两组声门显露分级、气管插管时间、气管插管一次成功率、咽喉疼痛发生率及血流动力学的变化。结果两组在声门显露分级、气管插管时间方面比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);A组一次性气管插管成功率较B组高,术后咽喉痛发生率较B组低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),A组气管插管时的HR、MAP较B组低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 HC视频喉镜联合纤维支气管镜行双腔支气管插管在预测困难气道中可以降低插管难度,减少插管相关并发症。     

可视喉镜联合支气管封堵器与双腔支气管插管在胸科手术麻醉气管插管规范化培训教学中的应用

目的：探讨可视喉镜联合支气管封堵器与可视喉镜联合双腔气管插管对麻醉专业住院医师规范化培训学员在胸外科气管插管教学中的应用。方法：将住院医师规范化培训的学员随机分为对照组和试验组进行临床教学,每组25人。试验组采用可视喉镜联合支气管封堵器,对照组采用可视喉镜联合双腔气管插管组,记录各组插管时间,插管成功率,定位时间,插管时患者血流动力学变化和并发症发生率以及学员考核成绩。结果：与对照组比较,试验组学员气管插管和定位时间短(P < 0.05),插管即刻患者血流动力学变化小(P < 0.05),插管成功率高(P < 0.05),并发症低(P < 0.05),学员考核成绩高(P < 0.05)。结论：胸外科手术麻醉教学中气管插管时应用支气管封堵器比双腔支气管插管更能缩短气管插管时间,降低患者插管时血流动力学变化,减轻并发症发生率以及提高气管插管成功率和增强学员自信心。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.