膀胱癌端粒酶活性表达及其意义探讨

目的探讨膀胱癌的端粒酶活性表达及其在膀胱癌中的诊断价值。方法采用端粒重复序列扩增程序──酶标法（定量）和银染法（定性）对２８例膀胱瘤、１１例癌旁膀胱、６例正常膀胱的组织标本进行端粒酶活性检测。结果膀胱癌组织的端粒酶活性阳性检出率为８９．３％（２５／２８）,癌旁膀胱组织为２７．３％（３／１１）,正常膀胱组织为０％（０／６）。膀胱癌组与癌旁组、正常组端粒酶阳性检出率经比较,有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。端粒酶活性表达与膀胱癌病理分期、分级等无相关性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论端粒酶激活发生在肿瘤形成的早期阶段,有望成为检测早期初发或复发膀胱癌有用的肿瘤标志物,癌旁组织端粒酶的激活提示肿瘤微浸润可能。     

胃肠道肿瘤中EphrinB2和淋巴管密度的表达及临床意义

目的 探讨胃肠道肿瘤中EphrinB2的表达与淋巴管密度、淋巴结转移及临床病理参数的关系.方法 采用免疫组织化学、蛋白质印迹两种方法检测EphrinB2在45例胃腺癌、57例大肠腺癌和正常胃大肠黏膜组织（各15例）中的表达.检测D2-40标记的淋巴管并计数淋巴管密度（LVD）.结果 （1）EphrinB2阳性反应主要定位于肿瘤细胞胞质内;D2-40标记的LVD为棕黄色管腔样结构,阳性反应主要位于淋巴内皮的胞膜上.（2）免疫组织化学：EphrinB2在肿瘤组织中阳性表达率明显高于正常组织的阳性表达率（胃82.2％vs.26.7％,大肠75.4％vs.33.3％,P均＜0.05）;肿瘤组织LVD显著高于正常组织（P均＜0.05）.蛋白质印迹：胃和大肠肿瘤组织的表达分别为2.30±0.86和1.89±0.89,高于正常组织的表达0.90±0.41和0.87±0.56（P均＜0.05）.（3） EphrinB2的表达与肿瘤分化程度、淋巴结转移及临床分期有密切关系（P＜0.05）,而与年龄、性别、肿瘤大小无明显相关性（P＞0.05）.肿瘤组织中LVD与肿瘤分化程度、淋巴结转移、远处转移及临床分期相关（P＜0.05）,Spearman秩相关分析发现EphrinB2的表达与LVD呈正相关性.结论 EphrinB2在肿瘤中高表达,与胃肠道肿瘤的转移和进展密切相关,并与LVD呈正相关性,Eph-rinB2可能诱导LVD的形成参与淋巴结转移的调控.     

ezrin在乳腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

Objective To study the expression and clinical significance of ezrin in breast carcinoma. Methods Immunohistuchemieal staining(S-P) was used to detect the expression of ezrin in 63 cases of breast car-cinoma samples. Results Among these 63 samples,the total expression rates of ezrin were 55.56% (35/63). With the increasing of axillary lymph nodes metastasis and clinical staging,the rates of expressing of ezrin elevated (P<0.05),which was remarkably lower in patients whose disease-free survival(DFS) was > 5 years,or those whose DFS≤5 years or died within five years(P<0.05) ,but the expression of ezrin was not correlated with tumor size,age and menopausal status (P>0.05). Conclusion The expression of ezrin may contribute to prognostic e-valuation for breast carcinoma.     

ezrin在乳腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

Objective To study the expression and clinical significance of ezrin in breast carcinoma. Methods Immunohistuchemieal staining(S-P) was used to detect the expression of ezrin in 63 cases of breast car-cinoma samples. Results Among these 63 samples,the total expression rates of ezrin were 55.56% (35/63). With the increasing of axillary lymph nodes metastasis and clinical staging,the rates of expressing of ezrin elevated (P<0.05),which was remarkably lower in patients whose disease-free survival(DFS) was > 5 years,or those whose DFS≤5 years or died within five years(P<0.05) ,but the expression of ezrin was not correlated with tumor size,age and menopausal status (P>0.05). Conclusion The expression of ezrin may contribute to prognostic e-valuation for breast carcinoma.     

ezrin在乳腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

Objective To study the expression and clinical significance of ezrin in breast carcinoma. Methods Immunohistuchemieal staining(S-P) was used to detect the expression of ezrin in 63 cases of breast car-cinoma samples. Results Among these 63 samples,the total expression rates of ezrin were 55.56% (35/63). With the increasing of axillary lymph nodes metastasis and clinical staging,the rates of expressing of ezrin elevated (P<0.05),which was remarkably lower in patients whose disease-free survival(DFS) was > 5 years,or those whose DFS≤5 years or died within five years(P<0.05) ,but the expression of ezrin was not correlated with tumor size,age and menopausal status (P>0.05). Conclusion The expression of ezrin may contribute to prognostic e-valuation for breast carcinoma.     

ezrin在乳腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

Objective To study the expression and clinical significance of ezrin in breast carcinoma. Methods Immunohistuchemieal staining(S-P) was used to detect the expression of ezrin in 63 cases of breast car-cinoma samples. Results Among these 63 samples,the total expression rates of ezrin were 55.56% (35/63). With the increasing of axillary lymph nodes metastasis and clinical staging,the rates of expressing of ezrin elevated (P<0.05),which was remarkably lower in patients whose disease-free survival(DFS) was > 5 years,or those whose DFS≤5 years or died within five years(P<0.05) ,but the expression of ezrin was not correlated with tumor size,age and menopausal status (P>0.05). Conclusion The expression of ezrin may contribute to prognostic e-valuation for breast carcinoma.     

ezrin在乳腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

Objective To study the expression and clinical significance of ezrin in breast carcinoma. Methods Immunohistuchemieal staining(S-P) was used to detect the expression of ezrin in 63 cases of breast car-cinoma samples. Results Among these 63 samples,the total expression rates of ezrin were 55.56% (35/63). With the increasing of axillary lymph nodes metastasis and clinical staging,the rates of expressing of ezrin elevated (P<0.05),which was remarkably lower in patients whose disease-free survival(DFS) was > 5 years,or those whose DFS≤5 years or died within five years(P<0.05) ,but the expression of ezrin was not correlated with tumor size,age and menopausal status (P>0.05). Conclusion The expression of ezrin may contribute to prognostic e-valuation for breast carcinoma.     

ezrin在乳腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

Objective To study the expression and clinical significance of ezrin in breast carcinoma. Methods Immunohistuchemieal staining(S-P) was used to detect the expression of ezrin in 63 cases of breast car-cinoma samples. Results Among these 63 samples,the total expression rates of ezrin were 55.56% (35/63). With the increasing of axillary lymph nodes metastasis and clinical staging,the rates of expressing of ezrin elevated (P<0.05),which was remarkably lower in patients whose disease-free survival(DFS) was > 5 years,or those whose DFS≤5 years or died within five years(P<0.05) ,but the expression of ezrin was not correlated with tumor size,age and menopausal status (P>0.05). Conclusion The expression of ezrin may contribute to prognostic e-valuation for breast carcinoma.     

ezrin在乳腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨乳腺癌组织中ezrin蛋白的表达及其临床意义.方法 应用免疫组化S-P方法,检测63例乳腺癌组织中ezrin的表达情况.结果 ezrin总的表达率为55.56%(35/63),ezrin表达率随着淋巴结转移增多和临床分期的增高而升高(χ2分别为7.718、6.760,P分别为0.005、0.009).无病生存时间在5年以上患者的ezrin表达率[33.33%(10/30)]显著低于无病生存时间不足5年(远处转移)或5年内死亡的患者(75.76%,25/33,χ2=11.455,P=0.001),但是ezrin的表达和肿瘤大小、月经及年龄无相关性(χ2分别为0.060、0.423、0.319,P均>0.05).结论 检测ezrin在乳腺癌中的表达可能有助于对其预后的判断.     

ezrin在乳腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

Objective To study the expression and clinical significance of ezrin in breast carcinoma. Methods Immunohistuchemieal staining(S-P) was used to detect the expression of ezrin in 63 cases of breast car-cinoma samples. Results Among these 63 samples,the total expression rates of ezrin were 55.56% (35/63). With the increasing of axillary lymph nodes metastasis and clinical staging,the rates of expressing of ezrin elevated (P<0.05),which was remarkably lower in patients whose disease-free survival(DFS) was > 5 years,or those whose DFS≤5 years or died within five years(P<0.05) ,but the expression of ezrin was not correlated with tumor size,age and menopausal status (P>0.05). Conclusion The expression of ezrin may contribute to prognostic e-valuation for breast carcinoma.     

ezrin在乳腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

Objective To study the expression and clinical significance of ezrin in breast carcinoma. Methods Immunohistuchemieal staining(S-P) was used to detect the expression of ezrin in 63 cases of breast car-cinoma samples. Results Among these 63 samples,the total expression rates of ezrin were 55.56% (35/63). With the increasing of axillary lymph nodes metastasis and clinical staging,the rates of expressing of ezrin elevated (P<0.05),which was remarkably lower in patients whose disease-free survival(DFS) was > 5 years,or those whose DFS≤5 years or died within five years(P<0.05) ,but the expression of ezrin was not correlated with tumor size,age and menopausal status (P>0.05). Conclusion The expression of ezrin may contribute to prognostic e-valuation for breast carcinoma.     

ezrin在乳腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

Objective To study the expression and clinical significance of ezrin in breast carcinoma. Methods Immunohistuchemieal staining(S-P) was used to detect the expression of ezrin in 63 cases of breast car-cinoma samples. Results Among these 63 samples,the total expression rates of ezrin were 55.56% (35/63). With the increasing of axillary lymph nodes metastasis and clinical staging,the rates of expressing of ezrin elevated (P<0.05),which was remarkably lower in patients whose disease-free survival(DFS) was > 5 years,or those whose DFS≤5 years or died within five years(P<0.05) ,but the expression of ezrin was not correlated with tumor size,age and menopausal status (P>0.05). Conclusion The expression of ezrin may contribute to prognostic e-valuation for breast carcinoma.     

ezrin在乳腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

Objective To study the expression and clinical significance of ezrin in breast carcinoma. Methods Immunohistuchemieal staining(S-P) was used to detect the expression of ezrin in 63 cases of breast car-cinoma samples. Results Among these 63 samples,the total expression rates of ezrin were 55.56% (35/63). With the increasing of axillary lymph nodes metastasis and clinical staging,the rates of expressing of ezrin elevated (P<0.05),which was remarkably lower in patients whose disease-free survival(DFS) was > 5 years,or those whose DFS≤5 years or died within five years(P<0.05) ,but the expression of ezrin was not correlated with tumor size,age and menopausal status (P>0.05). Conclusion The expression of ezrin may contribute to prognostic e-valuation for breast carcinoma.     

MMP-2、MMP-9、TIMP-1和TIMP-2在乳腺癌中的表达及临床意义

目的 研究MMP—2、MMP—9、TIMP—1和TIMP—2在乳腺癌中的表达及与临床病理特征的关系。方法 免疫组化SP法检测历例原发性乳腺癌、13例乳腺纤维腺瘤和15例乳腺纤维腺病中的蛋白表达。结果 ①乳腺癌中MMP—2、MMP—9的阳性表达显著高于乳腺纤维腺瘤和纤维腺病(P＜0．05)；②MMP—9的阳性表达与乳腺癌肿瘤大小、临床分期呈正相关(P＜0．05)，伴腋窝淋巴结转移的乳腺癌中MMP—9、MMP—2呈高表达，但TIMP—1显著低表达；乳腺癌中MMP—9与TIMP—1的表达呈负相关(P＜0.05)；③MMP—2、MMP—9表达的乳腺癌患者预后差。结论 乳腺癌中MMP—2、MMP—9表达显著高于乳腺良性病变；可作为判断乳腺癌预后的标记。     

耐药基因P170,GSTpi在肺癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的为探讨肺癌对耐药基因P170,GSTpi的表达情况和临床意义。方法应用S-P微波免疫组化法对43例肺癌进行了检测。结果显示肺癌中P170GSTpi总阳性表达率为51．1％及55．8％,其中SCLC（18．2％与27．3％）明显低于NSCDe（63．5％与65．85％）,在NSCLC中癌瘤分化程度与P170,GSTpi的表达有正相关倾向,曾做化疗的肺癌中耐药基因的阳性率增高。结论研究结果说明,检测癌组织中P170,GSTpi对肺癌化疗有重要的指导意义,同时应强调肺癌的化疗应特别注意规范化。     

Telomerase activity, and tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS) in Egyptian breast cancer patients.

OBJECTIVES: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among Egyptian women. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of both telomerase and TPS estimation in assessment of breast cancer. METHODS: The study included 40 patients with breast cancer, and 20 patients with benign breast diseases. Telomerase activity in breast tissues was assessed using TRAP assay. TPS was measured in sera of the patients by ELISA. RESULTS: Telomerase positivity was 15% in benign group vs. 60% in malignant group (p = 0.0009). It was significantly correlated to stage, and lymph node status (p < 0.02). Telomerase positivity showed significant correlation to tumor recurrence (p = 0.0076) in a follow-up period of 36 months. Mean rank of TPS was significantly higher in malignant than benign groups (p < 0.001), and in telomerase positive than telomerase negative patients (p < 0.001). In malignant group, mean rank of TPS was significantly higher in late stages (p < 0.002), in higher grade (p < 0.05), in larger tumor size (p < 0.01), and in lymph node positive patients (p < 0.001). ROC curve was utilized to choose the best cutoff for serum TPS (88 U/L). At this cutoff, the sensitivity was 95%, and the specificity was 75%. At a higher cutoff (109 U/L), TPS positivity was significantly correlated to stage, grade, lymph node status, and telomerase positivity (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Telomerase positivity and serum TPS might be used as additional markers for assessment of breast cancer.     

Bifunctional antibodies and their potential clinical applications

Summary Bifunctional antibodies are monovalent, bispecific, antibody-derived molecules. They have been produced by both chemical and biological means. They are thought to have several advantages over monoclonal antibodies in both immunotherapy and immunodiagnosis. Bifunctional antibodies have been shown to be efficient in the targeting of drugs, toxins, radiolabelled haptens and effector cells on to diseased tissues, primarily cancer cells. In addition, bifunctional antibodies have been used to develop novel immunoassays. The full potential of bifunctional antibodies has yet to be realised.