甲状腺乳头状癌淋巴结转移特点及手术清扫范围的选择

目的分析甲状腺乳头状癌淋巴结转移特点及手术清扫范围的选择。方法选取行手术治疗的210例甲状腺乳头状癌患者,回顾性分析甲状腺乳头状癌颈部淋巴结转移情况与临床病理资料的相关性、术前超声结果、术后石蜡病理检查结果及淋巴结清扫范围。结果 210例甲状腺乳头状癌患者均采取颈部淋巴结清扫术,40例单纯采取Ⅵ区淋巴结清扫,其中16例发生淋巴结转移;24例单纯采取侧颈区淋巴结清扫,其中9例发生淋巴结转移;146例采取Ⅵ区淋巴结联合侧颈区淋巴结清扫,其中45例Ⅵ区和侧颈区同时出现淋巴结转移,25例出现Ⅵ区转移而未见侧颈区淋巴结转移,28例出现跳跃式侧颈区淋巴结转移而无Ⅵ区转移。男性、年龄45岁、侵袭至甲状腺被膜、肿瘤直径10.0 mm、术前超声提示颈部淋巴结转移阳性者发生淋巴结转移的概率更高。结论性别、年龄、肿瘤大小及被膜的侵袭情况均与甲状腺乳头状癌颈部淋巴结转移具有密切的相关性;中央区淋巴结转移可作为侧颈区淋巴结转移的主要危险因素,当出现中央区淋巴结转移时建议同时行侧颈区淋巴结清扫;甲状腺乳头状癌较为容易发生颈部淋巴结转移,多发生在Ⅵ区,建议行首次手术的甲状腺乳头状癌患者采取原发病灶切除联合Ⅵ区淋巴结清扫。     

甲状腺乳头状癌患者中央区淋巴结转移相关危险因素分析

目的分析甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)患者发生中央区淋巴结转移的相关危险因素。方法回顾性分析2014年1月~2015年1月诊治的653例甲状腺乳头状癌患者的临床资料,采用单因素分析与Logistic回归分析中央区淋巴结转移的相关危险因素。结果 653例甲状腺乳头癌患者中,发生中央淋巴结转移者323例,发生率49.46%;单因素分析表明:年龄45岁、肿瘤直径2cm、浸润被膜、多发病灶、T3/T4分期中央区淋巴结转移发生率明显高于年龄≥45岁、肿瘤直径≤2cm、无浸润被膜、单发病灶、T1/T2分期(χ2=14.450,16.452,42.839,53.491,80.342,P0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析表明:年龄45岁、肿瘤直径2cm、多发病灶、T3/T4分期是甲状腺乳头癌患者发生中央区淋巴结转移的独立危险因素(β=0.726~0.912,Wald=13.214~32.654,95%CI=1.242~3.478,P0.05)。结论影响甲状腺乳头状癌患者中央区淋巴结转移相关危险因素较多,对于年龄45岁、肿瘤直径2cm、浸润被膜、多发病灶、T3/T4分期甲状腺乳头状癌患者,建议行预防性中央区淋巴结清扫术。     

对cN0甲状腺乳头状癌行中央区淋巴结清扫的临床意义

对641例临床未发现颈部淋巴结转移（cN0）的甲状腺乳头状癌（PTC）患者的临床病理资料进行回顾性分析。结果cN0PTC患者中央区淋巴结转移率为53.0%。中央区淋巴结转移与患者的性别、年龄无关;与原发灶的数目、大小有关。获得随访的114例患者中12例发生同侧颈部淋巴结转移,5例对侧甲状腺再发PTC。认为中央区淋巴结转移情况与肿瘤原发灶分期有关;淋巴结转移率高者易出现同侧颈淋巴结转移;cN0PTC患者应常规行中央区淋巴结清扫。     

甲状腺乳头状癌患者中央区淋巴结转移相关危险因素分析

目的探讨甲状腺乳头癌患者在临床发病过程中中央区淋巴结转移的相关危险因素。方法回顾性分析本院收治的100例甲状腺乳头癌患者的临床资料,并使用统计学分析的方法对患者进行多因素分析,探讨中央区淋巴结转移的危险因素。结果在甲状腺乳头状癌患者临床发病时,其中央区淋巴结转移和家族遗传史、肿瘤部位、性别以及甲状腺特异性抗体之间并无相关性(P0.05)。但和病灶数量、病灶大小、浸润被膜情况、肿瘤分期以及患者年龄有着明显的相关性(P0.05),若患者的年龄45岁、肿瘤直径1.0cm并且病灶多发和分期为T3和T4,则患者极有可能会出现中央区淋巴结转移。结论病灶数量、病灶大小、浸润被膜情况、肿瘤分期以及患者年龄时导致甲状腺乳头状癌患者发生中央区淋巴结转移的重要因素,若这类因素存在需要实施针对性处理。     

多灶性甲状腺乳头状癌生物学行为分析

目的探讨多灶性甲状腺乳头状癌临床病理特征及其生物学行为。方法收集92例多灶性甲状腺乳头状癌（多灶组）和224例单灶性甲状腺乳头状癌（单灶组）标本,比较两组临床病理因素以及肿瘤生物学行为的差异。结果①多灶性甲状腺乳头状癌的发病与淋巴结转移、腺外浸润、肿瘤复发有关（P〈0．05）,与性别、年龄、是否是微小癌等临床病理学因素无关（P〉0．05）;②多灶性甲状腺乳头状癌颈部淋巴结转移率为58．7％,其中中央区与颈侧区淋巴结转移呈显著相关性（r=0．425,P〈0．01）;③多灶性甲状腺乳头状癌转移与癌灶大小、部位无关（P〉0．05）;④甲状腺乳头状癌复发与淋巴结转移呈正相关（r=0．397,P〈0．01）。结论多灶性甲状腺乳头状癌易转移、复发,中央区为较早发生淋巴转移的区域,中央区与颈侧区淋巴结转移呈正相关,淋巴结转移的研究有助于确定选择性颈淋巴结清扫术的范围。     

甲状腺乳头状微小癌颈侧区淋巴结转移相关因素分析

目的 分析甲状腺乳头状微小癌(papillary thyroid microcarcinoma,PTMC)的临床病理因素与颈侧区淋巴结转移之间的关系.方法 回顾性分析2007年1月至2010年12月本院收治的141例行中央区及颈侧区淋巴结清扫的PTMC患者资料,探讨患者临床病理因素与颈侧区淋巴结转移之间的关系.结果 141例PTMC患者中出现颈侧区淋巴结转移的有56例.单因素及多因素分析均发现肿瘤多发病灶、中央区淋巴结转移、合并桥本甲状腺炎及肿瘤位于甲状腺上极与颈侧区淋巴结转移显著相关(P＜0.05).9例患者(6.4％)出现淋巴结跳跃性转移,单因素分析发现肿瘤位于甲状腺上极与淋巴结跳跃性转移相关.结论 对于病理证实的PTMC患者,如出现肿瘤多发病灶、中央区淋巴结转移、合并桥本甲状腺炎及肿瘤位于甲状腺上极则需注意颈侧区淋巴结转移可能.淋巴结跳跃性转移发生少见,当肿瘤位于甲状腺上极时,即使中央区淋巴结未见转移,仍需注意颈侧区淋巴结转移可能.     

老年甲状腺乳头状癌患者彩色多普勒超声血流参数与颈部淋巴结转移的相关性

目的探讨老年甲状腺乳头状癌患者彩色多普勒超声血流参数与颈部淋巴结转移的相关性。方法选取老年甲状腺乳头状癌患者121例为研究对象,根据颈部淋巴结是否出现转移分为转移组68例,非转移组53例,对比两组患者彩色多普勒超声血流参数[收缩期加速时间(AT)、收缩期峰值血流速度(PSV)、搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI)]及淋巴结声像图特征,分析各参数与淋巴结转移的相关性。结果与非转移组对比,转移组患者的PSV显著加快,PI及RI显著升高(P0.05),转移组与非转移组患者的AT对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05);转移组患者淋巴结淋巴门、纵横比≥2所占比例显著低于分转移组,淋巴结钙化、囊性变、纵横比2所占比例显著高于对照组(P0.05);相关性分析显示,PSV、PI、RI与老年甲状腺乳头状癌患者颈部淋巴结转移呈正相关(P0.05),AT与老年甲状腺乳头状癌患者颈部淋巴结转移无相关性(P0.05)。结论 PSV、PI、RI与老年甲状腺乳头状癌患者颈部淋巴结转移具有显著相关性,术前对病灶进行血流参数检测,有助于判断患者淋巴结转移情况。     

成人及青少年弥漫硬化型甲状腺乳头状癌的临床病理特征分析

目的 分析成人及青少年弥漫硬化型甲状腺乳头状癌的临床病理特征。方法 回顾性分析2013年5月至2015年12月在天津医科大学肿瘤医院头颈外科收治的4 739例甲状腺乳头状癌患者的临床资料,其中36例为弥漫硬化型甲状腺乳头状癌。并对成人弥漫硬化型甲状腺乳头状癌及青少年弥漫硬化型甲状腺乳头状癌进行数据分析。结果 青少年弥漫硬化型甲状腺乳头状癌患者双侧发生率、弥散型率、侵出腺叶率、中央区淋巴结转移率及侧颈淋巴结转移率均高于成人患者,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两者仅颈部淋巴结复发率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 大部分弥漫硬化型甲状腺乳头状癌患者为年轻患者,青少年弥漫硬化型甲状腺乳头状癌更易双侧发生,侵出腺叶及淋巴结转移率更高且相对于成人患者更易复发。     

超声指标在判断老年甲状腺乳头状癌颈部淋巴结转移中的价值

目的探讨病理学对比下的甲状腺乳头状癌颈部淋巴结转移超声指标诊断价值。方法接受手术治疗的老年甲状腺癌患者117例。根据手术中探查结合手术病理,依据有无颈部淋巴结转移分为观察组(淋巴结转移)及对照组(无淋巴结转移)。结果观察组肿瘤≥10 mm、肿瘤与被膜接触≥25%、肿瘤内部有钙化及可疑淋巴结纵横比2的比例显著高于对照组(P0.05)。多因素分析结果显示影响甲状腺乳头状癌颈部淋巴结转移超声指标的独立风险因素包括:肿瘤≥10 mm、肿瘤与被膜接触≥25%、肿瘤内部有钙化及可疑淋巴结纵横比2(P0.05)。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析显示,以2.1为截点值,淋巴结纵横比预测诊断该淋巴结为癌转移性淋巴结的敏感性为94.23%,特异性为75.38%,曲线下面积为0.92。结论超声发现肿瘤≥10 mm、肿瘤与被膜接触≥25%、肿瘤内部有钙化及可疑淋巴结纵横比2提示老年甲状腺乳头状癌患者颈部淋巴结转移可能性大,对手术方案的制定具有参考价值。     

老年甲状腺乳头状癌手术患者术后甲状旁腺功能低下的影响因素

目的探讨老年甲状腺乳头状癌手术患者术后甲状旁腺功能低下的影响因素,旨在为预防甲状旁腺功能低下提供依据。方法回顾性分析2017年6月至2019年5月接受甲状腺乳头状癌手术的125例老年患者临床完整资料,将术后甲状旁腺功能低下患者35例纳入观察组,将其余90例纳入对照组。设计一般情况调查表,仔细查阅患者病历资料,详细记录两组一般资料,包含性别、年龄、是否合并糖尿病、有无淋巴结转移、单侧或双侧病灶、临床分期、是否进行患侧颈部淋巴结清扫(简称侧颈清扫)、肿瘤直径、术前维生素D水平、是否合并桥本甲状腺炎、手术方式、是否进行中央(Vi)区淋巴结清扫等。经单因素、多因素分析老年甲状腺乳头状癌手术患者术后甲状旁腺功能低下的影响因素。结果经非条件多项Logistic回归分析证实,肿瘤直径≥4 cm、术前维生素D水平20 ng/ml、合并桥本甲状腺炎、甲状腺全切及Vi区淋巴结清扫可能是老年甲状腺乳头状癌手术患者术后甲状旁腺功能低下的危险因素(OR1,P0.05)。结论临床术中需结合患者实际情况,肿瘤直径≥4 cm、术前维生素D水平20 ng/ml、合并桥本甲状腺炎、行甲状腺全切术及Vi区淋巴结清扫患者制定预防性措施,以预防术后甲状旁腺功能低下。     

Cervical lymph node metastases in papillary thyroid cancer: Preoperative staging with ultrasound and/or computed tomography

Preoperative screening of potential risk of lymph node metastasis is necessary for thyroidectomy plus lymph node dissection. The 2015 American thyroid association management guidelines do not recommend prophylactic cervical lymph node resection without clinical evidence of metastasis. Ultrasound is recommended imaging method and routine computed tomography is not recommended by the 2015 American thyroid association management guidelines for screening of lymph node metastasis. The objective of the study was to compare the diagnostic performance of ultrasound against that of computed tomography for screening cervical lymph node metastasis of patients with papillary thyroid cancer before thyroidectomy plus lymph node dissection.Data regarding preoperative neck ultrasound, neck computed tomography, and physical examination of the head and neck and postoperative pathological results of a total of 185 patients (age > 18 years) with a diagnosis of papillary thyroid cancer who had suspicious lymph nodes on preoperative imaging and treated by thyroidectomy plus lymph node dissection for the therapeutic purpose were collected and analyzed.Sensitivity (78.09% vs 75.28%, P < .0001) and accuracy (77.29% vs 75.13%, P = .0004) of neck computed tomography scanning to detect cervical lymph node metastasis were higher than those of neck ultrasound scanning. Sensitivity, accuracy, positive clinical utility, and negative clinical utility for neck ultrasound scanning plus neck computed tomography scanning to detect cervical lymph node metastasis were higher among all index tests (P < .05 for all) and were statistically the same as those of surgical pathology (P > .05 for all). The working areas for decision-making of thyroidectomy plus lymph node dissection of the physical examination, neck ultrasound, the neck computed tomography, and the neck ultrasound scanning plus the neck computed tomography scanning were 0 to 0.691 diagnostic confidence/lesion, 0 to 0.961 diagnostic confidence/lesion, 0 to 0.944 diagnostic confidence/lesion, and 0 to 0.981 diagnostic confidence/lesion, respectively.Besides the neck ultrasound, the neck computed tomography scanning can be used as a complementary imaging method to detect cervical lymph node metastasis of patients with papillary thyroid cancer before thyroidectomy plus lymph node dissection.Level of evidence: III.Technical efficacy stage: 2.     

桥本甲状腺炎与乳头状甲状腺癌颈淋巴结转移的相关性分析

目的探讨桥本甲状腺炎与乳头状甲状腺癌淋巴结转移的相关性。方法对我院2010年6月-2013年6月收治的经筛选符合要求的乳头状甲状腺癌患者250例临床资料进行回顾性分析,按照患者是否合并桥本甲状腺炎分为对照组（单纯乳头状甲状腺癌）、观察组（合并桥本甲状腺炎组）,比较两组患者临床病理特征和患者颈部淋巴结转移情况。结果观察组女性患者显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）,中央淋巴结清扫数量也显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）,两组患者中央以及颈侧淋巴结转移无显著性差异（P〉0．05）,多元回顾性分析结果显示,合并桥本甲状腺炎与否与患者是否存在乳头状甲状腺癌颈淋巴结转移无显著相关性（P〉0．05）。结论桥本甲状腺炎与乳头状甲状腺癌颈淋巴结转移无显著相关性,但需要综合考虑各种相关危险因素以给患者提供最合适的治疗方案。     

Cervical lymph nodes metastases in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer

Loco-regional recurrences of the differentiated thyroid cancer have been reported to be located in cervical lymph nodes in 60-75% of cases. The widespread use of neck ultrasonography (US) during the follow-up of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has led to the discovery of small cervical lymph nodes (LN). Although US has a high sensitivity for diagnosing LN, fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) and measurement of thyroglobulin in fine needle aspirates (FNA-Tg) have proven to be invaluable tools. The aim of this paper is to review the importance of the early diagnosis of lymph node metastases in the follow-up of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer.     

Metastasis as the first sign of thyroid cancer

The aim of this paper is to review our experience with patients who presented with a metastatic tumor in the lymph nodes or other organs as the first sign of thyroid cancer. In 1974-1998, 18 602 patients were operated on due to goitre. There were 975 (5.2%) patients with thyroid malignant neoplasms. The group comprised 449 (46.1%) patients with papillary carcinoma, 309 (31.7%) with follicular carcinoma, 54 (5.5%) with medullary carcinoma, 106 (10.9%) with anaplastic carcinoma, and 57 (5.8%) with other types of thyroid malignant neoplasms. Out of these 975 patients, thyroid cancer was diagnosed on the basis of the detection of a metastatic tumor in 26 (2.7%) patients. In 16 (61.5%) of these patients the metastatic tumor was located in the regional lymph nodes. In 10 (38.5%) patients distant metastasis beyond the regional lymph nodes was the first sign of thyroid cancer. In (50%) patients metastasis was located in the bones, in 2 (20%) in the lung, in 1 (10%) in the heart, in 1 (10%) in the buttock, and in 1 (10%) in a central neck cyst. Metastasis was the initial manifestation of thyroid cancer in 18 (4%) of 449 papillary carcinoma patients, in 6 of 309 (1.9%) follicular carcinoma patients, and in 2 (3.7%) of 54 medullary carcinoma patients. Lymph node metastasis was the first sign of thyroid cancer in 13 (2.9%) patients with papillary carcinoma, 1 (0.3%) patients with follicular carcinoma and in 2 (3.7%) medullary carcinoma patients, and distant metastasis in 5 (1.1%) patients with papillary carcinoma and in 5 (1.6%) patients with follicular carcinoma. After the detection of the primary focus of thyroid cancer total thyroidectomy and modified neck dissection were performed in all patients. Differentiated thyroid carcinoma patients were treated complementarily with 131I and TSH suppressive doses of L-thyroxine, and medullary cancer patients with teleradiotherapy and substitutive doses of L-thyroxine.     

Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease Masquerading as Metastatic Papillary Carcinoma of the Thyroid

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease also known as histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis is a rare cervical inflammatory lymphadenitis that is most commonly seen in young Asian women. It is mainly characterized by lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, fever, nocturnal sweats, myalgia, weight loss, and arthralgia, and commonly follows a self-limited course. The differential diagnosis is challenging as many other conditions such as malignant lymphoma, metastatic disease, tuberculosis and infectious lymphadenopathies can present in a similar way. We present an unusual case of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease masquerading as metastatic papillary carcinoma of the thyroid.A 30-year-old young female presented, 2 months post-partum, with complaints of neck pain and fever. A computed tomography scan showed enlarged right-sided lymph nodes and a thyroid nodule. Subsequent biopsy of a thyroid nodule revealed papillary thyroid carcinoma and reactive inflammation in one of the lymph nodes. She underwent an elective total thyroidectomy, central node dissection and a right modified lymph node dissection for enlarged lymph nodes. Her recovery was uneventful and the pathology report was consistent with a papillary carcinoma of the thyroid with one lymph node positive for metastatic disease and several other lymph nodes showing histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis.This coexistence of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease with localized metastatic papillary thyroid cancer is unusual and presents an interesting, challenging, and complex management dilemma.     

Radio-guided surgery for non-131I-avid thyroid cancer.

OBJECTIVE: In this paper we report in a larger series the use of radio-probe-guided surgery (RGS) in nonradioiodine avid, well-differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). DESIGN: Thirty-seven patients with locoregional recurrent, nonradioiodine avid DTC were studied with (99m)Tc-sestamibi directed RGS using a handheld gamma probe as an intraoperative detector. OUTCOME: Twenty-three women and 14 men were followed after RGS for 35.4 +/- 12.5 months (range 9-57). There were 33 papillary (one "tall" cell variant), 2 follicular, and 2 Hürthle cell cancers. In 7 patients, thyroid cancer recurred in the neck while cervical lymph node metastases were found in 31 patients (one patient had papillary cancer in both the thyroid bed and cervical lymph nodes). Sixty-six discrete nodules ranging from 6 to 45mm (mean tumor diameter, 18.4 +/- 8.5mm) were identified by both high-resolution ultrasound and (99m)Tc-sestamibi probe-guided RGS. After RGS, Tg (thyroglobulin) fell in 33 of 37 patients and mean target=nontarget sestamibi uptake ratios decreased in all 37 patients ( p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: These data confirm our earlier observations that a (99m)Tc-sestamibi intraoperative gamma probe can be used to identify and guide resection of recurrent tumor and involved lymph nodes in locoregional metastases of nonradioiodine-avid thyroid cancer.     

High frequency of incidental diagnosis of extrathyroidal neoplastic diseases at the fine-needle aspiration biopsy of laterocervical lymph nodes in patients with thyroid nodules.

This study was undertaken to evaluate the frequency of the incidental diagnosis of extrathyroidal lymph node diseases at ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy/cytology (FNAB/C) being done to check the presence of metastatic thyroid cancer in 30 subjects with thyroid nodule (TN) and enlarged cervical lymph nodes (CLN). The patients in whom cytology suggested the presence of malignancy in the TN or in the CLN underwent surgical removal for histologic diagnosis. The spectrum of diseases revealed by this survey included: (1) 10 benign diseases including 1 case of Piringer-Kuchinka lymphadenitis with benign TN; (2) 10 metastatic thyroid cancers (2 anaplastic and 8 papillary cancers); (3) 3 benign TN associated with metastatic invasion of cervical lymph nodes from lung (2 cases) and breast (1 case) cancer; (4) 1 Hodgkin's lymphoma of the cervical lymph nodes with hyperplastic TN; (5) 3 nodal lymphomas with benign thyroid nodule and 2 cases of thyroid lymphoma with nodal invasion; and (6) 1 nodal sarcoidosis with benign TN. The results of this study demonstrate that important neoplastic and hematologic diseases affecting the cervical lymph nodes may frequently be incidentally detected using ultrasonography (US) and FNAB/C in the diagnostic procedure for thyroid nodule.     

Recent outcome of Graves' disease patients with papillary thyroid cancer

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to evaluate the clinical behavior and outcome of 202 papillary thyroid cancers in Graves' disease patients during the period 1994-2004. DESIGN: This was a retrospective, non-randomized case-control study. METHODS: Since 1994, we have included an ultrasonogram of the neck in the initial examination of thyroid disease patients who consult our outpatient clinic. We evaluated the tumor status and long-term outcome of Graves' disease patients with thyroid cancer and of age- and tumor size-matched euthyroid papillary thyroid cancer patients as controls. Serum TSH receptor antibody (TRAb) was measured in the Graves' disease group. RESULTS: A total of 154 papillary thyroid cancers were diagnosed in the Graves' disease patients and were treated surgically. At surgery, no significant differences in multifocality, lymph node metastasis, or distant metastasis were found between the Graves' disease group and the euthyroid group. On the whole, the clinical course of the cancers in both the Graves' disease group and euthyroid group was relatively good. No significant correlations were found between the TRAb levels in the Graves' disease group and multifocality or the presence of lymph node metastasis. Papillary thyroid cancer was discovered as an incidental finding in 2% of the 2356 surgically treated Graves' disease patients, but none of them developed metastasis during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: The results in this series of patients do not support the claim that thyroid cancer is more aggressive in Graves' disease patients than in euthyroid patients.     

Cribriform-morular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma: characteristic histologic feature of adenomatous polyposis. A case report

We report the case of a 24-year-old woman with familial adenomatous polyposis and diagnosed with cribriform-morular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Neck ultrasound and computed tomography identified multiple nodules in the thyroid gland and neck lymph nodes. The cytological analysis was compatible with the diagnosis of papillary cancer of the thyroid. Total thyroidectomy with lymph node dissection was performed. The histological analysis established the diagnosis of cribriform-morular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Despite preoperative findings suggesting an aggressive form of thyroid cancer with lymph node involvement, the final diagnosis was a variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma often associated with familial adenomatous polyposis and known to have a good prognosis.     

Incidental finding of ovarian teratoma on post-therapy scan for papillary thyroid cancer and impact of SPECT/CT imaging

A 41-year old woman post thyroidectomy and neck dissection is presented in this case. She initially presented goiter and an enlarged cervical lymph node. She had no family history of cancer or radiation therapy. She had total thyroidectomy and found to have papillary thyroid cancer (T4N1M0). Histopathology report revealed multifocal classical papillary thyroid carcinoma with lympho-vascular invasion, extra-thyroidal extension, and positive lymph nodes. She was treated with 6.5 Gigabecquerel (GBq) of 131Iodine. Whole-body scan showed uptake in the neck and large focus in the left lower abdomen. Single-photon emission computed tomography SPECT/CT demonstrated a round shaped mass in the left pelvis. Pathology revealed cystic teratoma with benign thyroid tissue (struma ovarii), and no malignancy. Two months later, she had the second treatment with 5.5 GBq 131Iodine. Her follow-up stimulated and non-stimulated thyroglobulin levels were significantly lower, and there was no abnormal uptake in the follow-up scan.