高龄慢性心力衰竭患者循证治疗效果及影响因素分析

2001年3月-2004年8月，我们对154例老年慢性心力衰竭（CHF）患进行循证医学（EBM）标准药物治疗，取得了较好效果。我们分析高龄患循证治疗效果及其影响因素。     

高龄慢性心力衰竭患者循证治疗效果分析

目的分析高龄慢性心力衰竭患者循证治疗效果,以供参考。方法将我院2010年2月至2013年1月收治的高龄慢性心力衰竭患者45例纳入本研究,均遵循循证医学的基本要求,接受个体化治疗方案。治疗6个月后观察临床疗效,对比治疗前后患者心率(HR)、舒张末期容量(EDV)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)等心功能指标和血清脑钠肽前体(pro-BNP)水平的变化。结果所有患者经治疗后达到显效12例、有效30例、无效3例,总有效率为93.33%。与治疗前对比,我们发现治疗后患者HR、EDV明显下降、LVEF明显上升,血清pro-BNP明显下降,差异经统计学分析后认为有意义(P0.05)。结论对高龄慢性心力衰竭患者实施循证治疗,有助于改善患者心功能,延缓病程进展,今后可将其在临床推广应用。     

慢性胰腺炎糖尿病的发生率及其风险因素分析

目的 分析慢性胰腺炎(CP)糖尿病发生率及可能风险因素.方法 分析和随访1997年1月-2007年7月疼痛性CP患者资料,寿命表法计算首次腹痛后累积糖尿病发生率,Cox比例风险模型逐步回归分析风险因素,包括年龄、性别、吸烟、饮酒、病因、胰腺肿块、胰腺钙化、治疗方案、伴腹泻、体重减轻和腹痛程度.结果 人组病例共354例,男:女=2.1:1,首发年龄(38.1±17.6)岁,随访时间(45.2±32.9)个月;酒精性CP 18.1%;总糖尿病发生率16.1%,其中需胰岛素治疗者40.3%.内镜介入和外科手术治疗前34例已确诊,治疗后新发23例;29.8%糖尿病发生于腹痛1年内;首次腹痛后1、3、5、10年内的累积糖尿病发生率分别为4.9%、6.5%、9.3%、20.7%;Cox风险比例模型回归分析显示,治疗前糖尿病组中吸烟量＞200年支(年支定义每天吸烟支数×吸烟年数)、轻度腹痛、体重减轻、胰腺钙化为风险因素,风险比分别为3.3、5.2、2.6、2.2;新发糖尿病组中,吸烟量＞200年支、持续或新发体重减轻、胰尾/体尾部切除术等因素为风险因素,风险比分别为3.0、2.8、7.3.结论 对吸烟量＞200年支、胰腺钙化、轻度腹痛、体重减轻以及接受胰尾/体尾部切除治疗的CP患者尤应注意伴发糖尿病的可能.     

746例慢性乙型肝炎患者抗病毒治疗效果分析

循证医学证据表明,抗病毒治疗对慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）患者的预后有重要影响。现对746例CHB患者抗病毒治疗及转归情况进行回顾性分析。     

慢性胰腺炎的治疗策略

慢性胰腺炎（chronic pancreatitis,CP）是由于各种不同病因引起胰腺组织和功能的持续性损害,其病理表现为胰腺实质进行性、不可逆性的纤维化,可导致胰管扩张、胰管结石或钙化等不可逆性的形态改变,常引起顽固性疼痛和永久性内、外分泌功能丧失。治疗包括去除病因,缓解疼痛,改善胰腺的内外分泌功能,内镜或手术治疗。     

慢性胰腺炎的治疗

慢性胰腺炎在我国以胆源性和酒精性为主要病因,属胰腺慢性进展性疾病,最终导致胰腺纤维化、内、外分泌功能不全及各种并发症。由于本病常需观察随诊较长一段时间才能确诊,且患者就诊时病期差别很大,因此其治疗须作个体化处理,同时遵循一普遍认可的原则。对某一具体患者,在给予内科治疗的同时,亦须考虑有无内镜或外科治疗的指征,特别是在内科治疗效果不够理想时,更应及时寻找病因井作必要的检查。 一、疼痛的治疗 多数慢性胰腺炎患者主要因疼痛而来就诊,所以首先谈一下疼痛的治疗。慢性胰腺炎疼痛的产生机制尚未完全阐明,主要原因…     

胰腺炎致糖尿病的临床分析与比较

比较急性与慢性胰腺炎发展为继发性糖尿病的机率.结果慢性胰腺炎发展为糖尿病机率远大于急性胰腺炎.结论慢性胰腺炎患者胰岛B细胞受损程度及B细胞数目减少较急性胰腺炎患者更重.     

慢性胰腺炎糖尿病的发生率及其风险因素分析

Objective To investigate the incidence of diabetes mellitus and risk factors for the disease in chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients.Methods A historical cohort study on subjects with painful CP who were admitted to hospital from Jan.1997 to July 2007 were conducted.A life-table method was used to estimate the cumulative probability of the development of diabetes mellitus once clinical onset of abdominal pain.Cox proportional-hazards model was used for multivariate analysis of the variables including age,sex,drinking and smoking habits,etiological factor,presence of pancreatic masses,pancreatic calcifications,measure of intervention,diarrhea,weight loss and degree of pain.Results Data were obtained from 354 patients (239 males,mean age at onset of pain (38.1±17.6) years;alcoholic origin 18.1%) with painful CP.The mean follow-up period was (45.2±32.9)months.The rate of diabetes mellitus in CP patients was 16.1%.There was a high incidence (29.8%)of diabetes mellitus 1 year before the episodes of abdominal pain.The cumulative risk of diabetes mellitus in subjects 5 and 10 years after the episodes of pain was 9.3% and 20.7%,respectively.Cox proportional-hazards model selected smoking (＞10 pack years) (hazard rate (HR)= 3.3),mild abdominal pain (HR=5.2),weight loss (HR = 2.6) and pancreatic calcifications (HR = 2.2) as variables identifying subjects with diabetes mellitus in patients with painful CP before they were performed therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Smoking (＞10 pack years) (HR = 3.0),weight loss (HR= 2.8) and distal pancreatectomy (HR =7.3) were identified with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus in these cases after they received therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Conclusion The risk factors of diabetes mellitus for CP appears to be independent of smoking (＞10 pack years),mild abdominal pain,weight loss,pancreatic calcifications and distal pancreatectomy.     

慢性胰腺炎糖尿病的发生率及其风险因素分析

Objective To investigate the incidence of diabetes mellitus and risk factors for the disease in chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients.Methods A historical cohort study on subjects with painful CP who were admitted to hospital from Jan.1997 to July 2007 were conducted.A life-table method was used to estimate the cumulative probability of the development of diabetes mellitus once clinical onset of abdominal pain.Cox proportional-hazards model was used for multivariate analysis of the variables including age,sex,drinking and smoking habits,etiological factor,presence of pancreatic masses,pancreatic calcifications,measure of intervention,diarrhea,weight loss and degree of pain.Results Data were obtained from 354 patients (239 males,mean age at onset of pain (38.1±17.6) years;alcoholic origin 18.1%) with painful CP.The mean follow-up period was (45.2±32.9)months.The rate of diabetes mellitus in CP patients was 16.1%.There was a high incidence (29.8%)of diabetes mellitus 1 year before the episodes of abdominal pain.The cumulative risk of diabetes mellitus in subjects 5 and 10 years after the episodes of pain was 9.3% and 20.7%,respectively.Cox proportional-hazards model selected smoking (＞10 pack years) (hazard rate (HR)= 3.3),mild abdominal pain (HR=5.2),weight loss (HR = 2.6) and pancreatic calcifications (HR = 2.2) as variables identifying subjects with diabetes mellitus in patients with painful CP before they were performed therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Smoking (＞10 pack years) (HR = 3.0),weight loss (HR= 2.8) and distal pancreatectomy (HR =7.3) were identified with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus in these cases after they received therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Conclusion The risk factors of diabetes mellitus for CP appears to be independent of smoking (＞10 pack years),mild abdominal pain,weight loss,pancreatic calcifications and distal pancreatectomy.     

慢性胰腺炎糖尿病的发生率及其风险因素分析

Objective To investigate the incidence of diabetes mellitus and risk factors for the disease in chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients.Methods A historical cohort study on subjects with painful CP who were admitted to hospital from Jan.1997 to July 2007 were conducted.A life-table method was used to estimate the cumulative probability of the development of diabetes mellitus once clinical onset of abdominal pain.Cox proportional-hazards model was used for multivariate analysis of the variables including age,sex,drinking and smoking habits,etiological factor,presence of pancreatic masses,pancreatic calcifications,measure of intervention,diarrhea,weight loss and degree of pain.Results Data were obtained from 354 patients (239 males,mean age at onset of pain (38.1±17.6) years;alcoholic origin 18.1%) with painful CP.The mean follow-up period was (45.2±32.9)months.The rate of diabetes mellitus in CP patients was 16.1%.There was a high incidence (29.8%)of diabetes mellitus 1 year before the episodes of abdominal pain.The cumulative risk of diabetes mellitus in subjects 5 and 10 years after the episodes of pain was 9.3% and 20.7%,respectively.Cox proportional-hazards model selected smoking (＞10 pack years) (hazard rate (HR)= 3.3),mild abdominal pain (HR=5.2),weight loss (HR = 2.6) and pancreatic calcifications (HR = 2.2) as variables identifying subjects with diabetes mellitus in patients with painful CP before they were performed therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Smoking (＞10 pack years) (HR = 3.0),weight loss (HR= 2.8) and distal pancreatectomy (HR =7.3) were identified with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus in these cases after they received therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Conclusion The risk factors of diabetes mellitus for CP appears to be independent of smoking (＞10 pack years),mild abdominal pain,weight loss,pancreatic calcifications and distal pancreatectomy.     

慢性胰腺炎糖尿病的发生率及其风险因素分析

Objective To investigate the incidence of diabetes mellitus and risk factors for the disease in chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients.Methods A historical cohort study on subjects with painful CP who were admitted to hospital from Jan.1997 to July 2007 were conducted.A life-table method was used to estimate the cumulative probability of the development of diabetes mellitus once clinical onset of abdominal pain.Cox proportional-hazards model was used for multivariate analysis of the variables including age,sex,drinking and smoking habits,etiological factor,presence of pancreatic masses,pancreatic calcifications,measure of intervention,diarrhea,weight loss and degree of pain.Results Data were obtained from 354 patients (239 males,mean age at onset of pain (38.1±17.6) years;alcoholic origin 18.1%) with painful CP.The mean follow-up period was (45.2±32.9)months.The rate of diabetes mellitus in CP patients was 16.1%.There was a high incidence (29.8%)of diabetes mellitus 1 year before the episodes of abdominal pain.The cumulative risk of diabetes mellitus in subjects 5 and 10 years after the episodes of pain was 9.3% and 20.7%,respectively.Cox proportional-hazards model selected smoking (＞10 pack years) (hazard rate (HR)= 3.3),mild abdominal pain (HR=5.2),weight loss (HR = 2.6) and pancreatic calcifications (HR = 2.2) as variables identifying subjects with diabetes mellitus in patients with painful CP before they were performed therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Smoking (＞10 pack years) (HR = 3.0),weight loss (HR= 2.8) and distal pancreatectomy (HR =7.3) were identified with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus in these cases after they received therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Conclusion The risk factors of diabetes mellitus for CP appears to be independent of smoking (＞10 pack years),mild abdominal pain,weight loss,pancreatic calcifications and distal pancreatectomy.     

慢性胰腺炎糖尿病的发生率及其风险因素分析

Objective To investigate the incidence of diabetes mellitus and risk factors for the disease in chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients.Methods A historical cohort study on subjects with painful CP who were admitted to hospital from Jan.1997 to July 2007 were conducted.A life-table method was used to estimate the cumulative probability of the development of diabetes mellitus once clinical onset of abdominal pain.Cox proportional-hazards model was used for multivariate analysis of the variables including age,sex,drinking and smoking habits,etiological factor,presence of pancreatic masses,pancreatic calcifications,measure of intervention,diarrhea,weight loss and degree of pain.Results Data were obtained from 354 patients (239 males,mean age at onset of pain (38.1±17.6) years;alcoholic origin 18.1%) with painful CP.The mean follow-up period was (45.2±32.9)months.The rate of diabetes mellitus in CP patients was 16.1%.There was a high incidence (29.8%)of diabetes mellitus 1 year before the episodes of abdominal pain.The cumulative risk of diabetes mellitus in subjects 5 and 10 years after the episodes of pain was 9.3% and 20.7%,respectively.Cox proportional-hazards model selected smoking (＞10 pack years) (hazard rate (HR)= 3.3),mild abdominal pain (HR=5.2),weight loss (HR = 2.6) and pancreatic calcifications (HR = 2.2) as variables identifying subjects with diabetes mellitus in patients with painful CP before they were performed therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Smoking (＞10 pack years) (HR = 3.0),weight loss (HR= 2.8) and distal pancreatectomy (HR =7.3) were identified with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus in these cases after they received therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Conclusion The risk factors of diabetes mellitus for CP appears to be independent of smoking (＞10 pack years),mild abdominal pain,weight loss,pancreatic calcifications and distal pancreatectomy.     

慢性胰腺炎糖尿病的发生率及其风险因素分析

Objective To investigate the incidence of diabetes mellitus and risk factors for the disease in chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients.Methods A historical cohort study on subjects with painful CP who were admitted to hospital from Jan.1997 to July 2007 were conducted.A life-table method was used to estimate the cumulative probability of the development of diabetes mellitus once clinical onset of abdominal pain.Cox proportional-hazards model was used for multivariate analysis of the variables including age,sex,drinking and smoking habits,etiological factor,presence of pancreatic masses,pancreatic calcifications,measure of intervention,diarrhea,weight loss and degree of pain.Results Data were obtained from 354 patients (239 males,mean age at onset of pain (38.1±17.6) years;alcoholic origin 18.1%) with painful CP.The mean follow-up period was (45.2±32.9)months.The rate of diabetes mellitus in CP patients was 16.1%.There was a high incidence (29.8%)of diabetes mellitus 1 year before the episodes of abdominal pain.The cumulative risk of diabetes mellitus in subjects 5 and 10 years after the episodes of pain was 9.3% and 20.7%,respectively.Cox proportional-hazards model selected smoking (＞10 pack years) (hazard rate (HR)= 3.3),mild abdominal pain (HR=5.2),weight loss (HR = 2.6) and pancreatic calcifications (HR = 2.2) as variables identifying subjects with diabetes mellitus in patients with painful CP before they were performed therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Smoking (＞10 pack years) (HR = 3.0),weight loss (HR= 2.8) and distal pancreatectomy (HR =7.3) were identified with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus in these cases after they received therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Conclusion The risk factors of diabetes mellitus for CP appears to be independent of smoking (＞10 pack years),mild abdominal pain,weight loss,pancreatic calcifications and distal pancreatectomy.     

慢性胰腺炎糖尿病的发生率及其风险因素分析

Objective To investigate the incidence of diabetes mellitus and risk factors for the disease in chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients.Methods A historical cohort study on subjects with painful CP who were admitted to hospital from Jan.1997 to July 2007 were conducted.A life-table method was used to estimate the cumulative probability of the development of diabetes mellitus once clinical onset of abdominal pain.Cox proportional-hazards model was used for multivariate analysis of the variables including age,sex,drinking and smoking habits,etiological factor,presence of pancreatic masses,pancreatic calcifications,measure of intervention,diarrhea,weight loss and degree of pain.Results Data were obtained from 354 patients (239 males,mean age at onset of pain (38.1±17.6) years;alcoholic origin 18.1%) with painful CP.The mean follow-up period was (45.2±32.9)months.The rate of diabetes mellitus in CP patients was 16.1%.There was a high incidence (29.8%)of diabetes mellitus 1 year before the episodes of abdominal pain.The cumulative risk of diabetes mellitus in subjects 5 and 10 years after the episodes of pain was 9.3% and 20.7%,respectively.Cox proportional-hazards model selected smoking (＞10 pack years) (hazard rate (HR)= 3.3),mild abdominal pain (HR=5.2),weight loss (HR = 2.6) and pancreatic calcifications (HR = 2.2) as variables identifying subjects with diabetes mellitus in patients with painful CP before they were performed therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Smoking (＞10 pack years) (HR = 3.0),weight loss (HR= 2.8) and distal pancreatectomy (HR =7.3) were identified with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus in these cases after they received therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Conclusion The risk factors of diabetes mellitus for CP appears to be independent of smoking (＞10 pack years),mild abdominal pain,weight loss,pancreatic calcifications and distal pancreatectomy.     

慢性胰腺炎糖尿病的发生率及其风险因素分析

Objective To investigate the incidence of diabetes mellitus and risk factors for the disease in chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients.Methods A historical cohort study on subjects with painful CP who were admitted to hospital from Jan.1997 to July 2007 were conducted.A life-table method was used to estimate the cumulative probability of the development of diabetes mellitus once clinical onset of abdominal pain.Cox proportional-hazards model was used for multivariate analysis of the variables including age,sex,drinking and smoking habits,etiological factor,presence of pancreatic masses,pancreatic calcifications,measure of intervention,diarrhea,weight loss and degree of pain.Results Data were obtained from 354 patients (239 males,mean age at onset of pain (38.1±17.6) years;alcoholic origin 18.1%) with painful CP.The mean follow-up period was (45.2±32.9)months.The rate of diabetes mellitus in CP patients was 16.1%.There was a high incidence (29.8%)of diabetes mellitus 1 year before the episodes of abdominal pain.The cumulative risk of diabetes mellitus in subjects 5 and 10 years after the episodes of pain was 9.3% and 20.7%,respectively.Cox proportional-hazards model selected smoking (＞10 pack years) (hazard rate (HR)= 3.3),mild abdominal pain (HR=5.2),weight loss (HR = 2.6) and pancreatic calcifications (HR = 2.2) as variables identifying subjects with diabetes mellitus in patients with painful CP before they were performed therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Smoking (＞10 pack years) (HR = 3.0),weight loss (HR= 2.8) and distal pancreatectomy (HR =7.3) were identified with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus in these cases after they received therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Conclusion The risk factors of diabetes mellitus for CP appears to be independent of smoking (＞10 pack years),mild abdominal pain,weight loss,pancreatic calcifications and distal pancreatectomy.     

慢性胰腺炎糖尿病的发生率及其风险因素分析

Objective To investigate the incidence of diabetes mellitus and risk factors for the disease in chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients.Methods A historical cohort study on subjects with painful CP who were admitted to hospital from Jan.1997 to July 2007 were conducted.A life-table method was used to estimate the cumulative probability of the development of diabetes mellitus once clinical onset of abdominal pain.Cox proportional-hazards model was used for multivariate analysis of the variables including age,sex,drinking and smoking habits,etiological factor,presence of pancreatic masses,pancreatic calcifications,measure of intervention,diarrhea,weight loss and degree of pain.Results Data were obtained from 354 patients (239 males,mean age at onset of pain (38.1±17.6) years;alcoholic origin 18.1%) with painful CP.The mean follow-up period was (45.2±32.9)months.The rate of diabetes mellitus in CP patients was 16.1%.There was a high incidence (29.8%)of diabetes mellitus 1 year before the episodes of abdominal pain.The cumulative risk of diabetes mellitus in subjects 5 and 10 years after the episodes of pain was 9.3% and 20.7%,respectively.Cox proportional-hazards model selected smoking (＞10 pack years) (hazard rate (HR)= 3.3),mild abdominal pain (HR=5.2),weight loss (HR = 2.6) and pancreatic calcifications (HR = 2.2) as variables identifying subjects with diabetes mellitus in patients with painful CP before they were performed therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Smoking (＞10 pack years) (HR = 3.0),weight loss (HR= 2.8) and distal pancreatectomy (HR =7.3) were identified with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus in these cases after they received therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Conclusion The risk factors of diabetes mellitus for CP appears to be independent of smoking (＞10 pack years),mild abdominal pain,weight loss,pancreatic calcifications and distal pancreatectomy.     

慢性胰腺炎糖尿病的发生率及其风险因素分析

Objective To investigate the incidence of diabetes mellitus and risk factors for the disease in chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients.Methods A historical cohort study on subjects with painful CP who were admitted to hospital from Jan.1997 to July 2007 were conducted.A life-table method was used to estimate the cumulative probability of the development of diabetes mellitus once clinical onset of abdominal pain.Cox proportional-hazards model was used for multivariate analysis of the variables including age,sex,drinking and smoking habits,etiological factor,presence of pancreatic masses,pancreatic calcifications,measure of intervention,diarrhea,weight loss and degree of pain.Results Data were obtained from 354 patients (239 males,mean age at onset of pain (38.1±17.6) years;alcoholic origin 18.1%) with painful CP.The mean follow-up period was (45.2±32.9)months.The rate of diabetes mellitus in CP patients was 16.1%.There was a high incidence (29.8%)of diabetes mellitus 1 year before the episodes of abdominal pain.The cumulative risk of diabetes mellitus in subjects 5 and 10 years after the episodes of pain was 9.3% and 20.7%,respectively.Cox proportional-hazards model selected smoking (＞10 pack years) (hazard rate (HR)= 3.3),mild abdominal pain (HR=5.2),weight loss (HR = 2.6) and pancreatic calcifications (HR = 2.2) as variables identifying subjects with diabetes mellitus in patients with painful CP before they were performed therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Smoking (＞10 pack years) (HR = 3.0),weight loss (HR= 2.8) and distal pancreatectomy (HR =7.3) were identified with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus in these cases after they received therapeutic endoscopy or surgical intervention.Conclusion The risk factors of diabetes mellitus for CP appears to be independent of smoking (＞10 pack years),mild abdominal pain,weight loss,pancreatic calcifications and distal pancreatectomy.     

酶制剂治疗慢性胰腺炎

慢性胰腺炎(CP)是指由于各种原因引起的胰腺组织的结构和功能反复或持续性损害,常伴有胰腺组织广泛纤维化、胰腺腺泡萎缩、胰腺钙化和假性囊肿形成等,并可有不同程度的胰腺内、外分泌功能不足及各种并发症。重者可严重影响患者生活质量,甚至可能导致胰腺癌的发生。本病的病因多     

慢性胰腺炎诊断与治疗

慢性胰腺炎(chronic pancreatitis)是由各种原因造成的胰腺实质、腺管进行性炎症、破坏和纤维化的慢性疾病，重者可严重影响患者生活质量，并且可能导致胰腺癌的发生。     

内镜综合治疗慢性胰腺炎

目的探讨内镜在慢性胰腺炎治疗中的临床应用价值方法回顾性分析经内镜治疗的37例慢性胰腺炎患者的临床资料,总结治疗的体会。结果37例均经内镜下胰胆管造影明确诊断,患者均有不同程度的胰管扩张,其中胰管狭窄21例,伴有钙化9例,行乳头括约肌切开术37例,胰管括约肌切开术18例,网篮、球囊取胰石6例,胰管内支架引流17例,鼻胰管引流5例。37例中34例治疗后腹痛消失。结论内镜治疗慢性胰腺炎是较安全、有效的,而内镜下多种治疗方法的综合应用明显改善了传统慢性胰腺炎治疗的现状,提高了治疗水平。