甲基硝基亚硝基胍诱导人胃粘膜上皮细胞恶性转化的观察

对甲基硝基亚硝基胍（ＭＮＮＧ）在诱发体外培养的人胃粘膜上皮细胞恶性转化中的作用进行了观察，结果发现，ＭＮＮＧ处理组各时相胃粘膜上皮细胞的增殖速率，非程序ＤＮＡ合成水平，脂质过氧化物和ｒａｓｐ２１蛋白含量均显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１）。结果提示，ＭＮＮＧ可诱发胃粘膜上皮细胞恶性转化，其作用机理可能是通过损伤细胞ＤＮＡ，诱发脂质过氧化或导致ｒａｓｐ２１异常表达所致。     

亚硒酸钠对MNNG所致胃粘膜上皮细胞损伤的预防作用

对亚硒酸钠预防甲基硝基硝基胍（ＭＮＮＧ）所致胃粘膜细胞损伤的作用进行研究，结果发现，胃粘膜细胞先用１×１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ或１×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ亚硒酸钠预处理４ｈ，再给ＭＮＮＧ组细胞的增殖速率，软琼脂集形成能力，非程序ＤＮＡ合成水平，质脂近氧化物和ｒａｓＰ２１蛋白含量均显著低于ＭＮＮＧ组（Ｐ〈０．０５～０．０１），结果提示，一定剂量亚硒酸钠对ＭＮＮＧ诱导的胃粘膜细胞损伤有防护作用。     

亚硒酸钠对MNNG诱导胎胃粘膜上皮细胞非程序DNA合成的影响

为探讨硒化学诱癌剂所致胃粘膜上皮细胞损伤的防护作用，本文应用液闪法观察了不同浓度亚硒酸钠对ＭＮＮＧ诱导的胎胃粘膜上皮细胞非程序ＤＮＡ合成的影响。结果表明，加入亚硒酸钠１０－５Ｍ和１０Ｍ－６浓度组由ＭＮＮＧ诱导的非程序ＤＮＡ合成水平（８１．７±８．５，５１．０±６．０）显著低于对照组（１７９．０±１２．８）（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１），而１０－７Ｍ浓度组（１２５．０±１１．９）与对照组相比差别则无显著意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。以上结果提示，一定浓度的亚硒酸钠对ＭＮＮＧ诱导的胃粘膜上皮细胞损伤有保护作用。     

磁场对小鼠肝、脑组织脂质过氧化水平的影响

用不同强度（５ｍＴ、１０ｍＴ、１５ｍＴ）的５０Ｈｚ交变磁场对小鼠整体作用后，测定小鼠脑、肝组织中脂质过氧化水平。结果表明：各种强度的磁场虽然不能较明显地影响脑组织中脂质过氧化水平，但对肝组织中脂质过氧化水平的影响较明显。５０Ｈｚ交变磁场能明显降低肝组织中ＭＤＡ的含量，提高ＧＳＨ的水平，且ＧＳＨ的含量和磁场强度呈线性正相关增长（相关系数ｒ＝０．９９９８）。结果表明同样的磁场对不同组织其磁场生物效应不同     

单链DNA构象多态性检测人胃粘膜上皮细胞H－ras基因的研究

用化学致癌剂甲硝基亚硝胍（ＭＮＮＧ）对人类胃粘膜上皮细胞株ＧＥＳ－１进行不同方式处理，常规方法提取ＤＮＡ，经聚合酶链反应扩增Ｈ－ｒａｓ原癌基因后，以单链构象多态性检测Ｈ－ｒａｓ原癌基因，作者发现长期小剂量的ＭＮＮＧ打击ＧＥＳ－１可以诱导此细胞发生Ｈ－ｒａｓ基因改变，而大剂量短期处理的ＧＥＳ－１组未见Ｈ－ｒａｓ基因构型改变，提示化学致癌剂ＭＮＮＧ诱发Ｈ－ｒａｓ癌基因改变是一个缓慢、剂量叠加的过程，在ＭＮＮＧ诱发的胃癌中，Ｈ－ｒａｓ基因的改变不是首发事件。     

两种猕猴桃汁抗MNNG致突变作用的研究

两种猕猴桃汁抗ＭＮＮＧ致突变作用的研究薛宏伟，林慰慈，尚兰琴，徐厚恩（北京医科大学卫生毒理学教研室１０００８３）采用哺乳动物细胞诱发基因突变试验，研究两个品种猕猴桃汁对烷化剂Ｎ－甲基－Ｎ’－硝基－Ｎ－亚硝基胍（ＭＮＮＧ）致ｇｌ２细胞ｇｐｔ位点突变的拮...     

反义阻断hREV3基因表达对细胞生长及MNNG敏感性的影响

目的：应用反义核酸阻断技术研究ｈＲＥＶ３基因对细胞生长和ＭＮＮＧ敏感性的影响。方法：酶切法构建表达反义ｈＲＥＶ３基因片段的真核细胞表达质粒;以改良的磷酸钙－ＤＮＡ共沉淀法建立ｈＲＥＶ３基因表达被阻断的人胚肾细胞（２９３细胞）细胞系（２９３－ｈＲＥＶ３＾－）。以细胞记数方法检测核细胞系的生长速率及不同浓度的烷化剂ＭＮＮＧ对细胞的毒作用。结果：ｈＲＥＶ３基因表达被阻断的人胚肾细胞（２９３－ｈＲＥＶ３＾     

HGPRT基因突变技术在检测化学诱变剂中的应用

本研究用Ｎ－甲基Ｎ＇－硝基亚硝基胍（ＭＮＮＧ）和苯并芘（Ｂ（ａ）Ｐ）诱导了中国仓鼠Ｖ７９细胞毒性和次黄嘌呤鸟嘌呤磷酸核糖基转移酶（ＨＧＰＲＴ）基因突变。结果表明，ＭＮＮＧ（０．７３５ｍｇ，Ｌ－１）和Ｂ（ａ）Ｐ（１ｍｇ·Ｌ－１）引起细胞存活率分别为７４．１％和７７．８％。阴性对照如空白对照、Ｓ９对照和溶剂对照的细胞自发突变频率低于０．４３×１０－５。ＭＮＮＧ和Ｂ（ａ）Ｐ＋Ｓ９诱发Ｖ７９细胞６－巯基鸟嘌呤抗性ＨＧＰＲＴ突变频率分别为１．１７×１０－５和１．３４×１０－５，比溶剂对照高４．９０和３．３５倍（Ｐ＜０．０１和Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示ＭＮＮＧ和Ｂ（ａ）Ｐ对Ｖ７９细胞呈细胞毒性和遗传毒性效应。     

茶多酚诱导人胃癌细胞凋亡

为寻找新的肿瘤细胞凋亡诱导剂，选用茶的主要活性成分茶多酚，采用噻唑蓝（ＭＴＴ）还原法，ＤＮＡ凝胶电泳以及透射电镜技术，观察茶多酚对人胃癌细胞（ＭＧＣ－８０３）凋亡的影响。结果表明，被１２５μｇ·ｍｌ－１茶多酚作用２４ｈ后，ＭＧＣ细胞进行凝胶电泳呈现出典型的ＤＮＡ条带，透射电镜下看到凋亡小体；茶多酚对ＭＧＣ细胞凋亡的诱导活性平行于它的细胞毒作用。     

用流式细胞仪检测脉冲磁场对HL-60细胞程序性死亡及周期的影响

目的：研究脉冲磁场（ＰＥＭＦ）对人早幼粒白血病（ＨＬ－６０）细胞程序性死亡（ＰＣＤ）及周期的影响。方法：以ＨＬ－６０细胞为研究对象，用流式细胞仪进行分析。结果：以ＰＥＭＦ频率为２５０Ｈｚ，场强为５ＭＴ照射ＨＬ－６０细胞，流式细胞仪分析的结果表明，ＰＣＤ呈时间依赖性增加。作用后８ｈ，ＰＣＤ增加到３８．８６％，明显高于对照组。ＰＥＭＦ对ＨＬ－６０细胞周期有影响，随着磁场作用后时间的延长，Ｇ０／Ｇ１期细胞逐渐减少，Ｇ２／Ｍ期细胞逐渐增加。磁场作用后８ｈ，Ｇ０／Ｇ１期细胞减少到４７．４４％，磁场作用后１６ｈ，Ｇ２／Ｍ期细胞增加到４６．５５％。结论：ＰＥＭＦ诱发ＨＬ－６０细胞ＰＣＤ可能与ＰＥＭＦ改变ＨＬ－６０细胞周期有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.