儿茶酚胺对小鼠皮肤导电性的影响

研究了外源性儿茶酚胺对小鼠皮肤导电性的影响。结果表明，肾上腺素，去甲肾上腺素和异丙肾上腺素均可使皮肤导电性明显增加，而苯肾上腺素则能使皮肤导电性下降。     

外源性儿茶酚胺对小鼠表皮缝隙连接影响的定量电镜研究

通过导电性测量和定量电镜方法证明，给予外源性肾上腺素（２μｇ／ｇ体重）或异丙肾上腺素（Ｉμｇ／ｇ体重）而使皮肤导电性增加的实验条件下，表皮缝隙连接的面数密度明显增加。     

外源性儿茶酚胺对小鼠表皮缝隙连接影响的定量电镜研究

通过导电性测量和定量电镜方法证明，给予外源性肾上腺素（２μｇ／ｇ体重）或异丙肾上腺素（１μｇ／ｇ体重）而使皮肤导电性增加的实验条件下，表皮缝隙连接的面数密度明显增加。     

动物皮肤易导点的研究(摘要)

检查电休克,士的宁、破坏脊髓,洼射肾上腺素等情况下,大鼠皮肤易导点电流之变化。结果:①电休克时,大鼠皮肤易导点之电流均降低。②在士的宁作用下,事先经戊巴比土麻醉易导电位降低。③破坏脊髓也使易导点电流下降。我们认为,中枢神经系统对皮肤易导点的导电度有影响。     

肾上腺素在头孢类药物过敏性休克抢救中的效果观察

目的：观察肾上腺素在头孢类药物过敏性休克抢救中的临床效果。方法选取2014年1月—2015年1月期间我院收治的头孢类药物过敏性休克患者30例,统计过敏药物的分类,对比患者肾上腺素治疗前后的脉搏、中心体温与平均皮肤温度差、平均每小时尿量、收缩压以及脉压等指标。结果患者治疗后的脉压、中心体温与平均皮肤温度差、平均每小时尿量均优于治疗前,比较差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论肾上腺素在头孢类药物过敏性休克抢救中效果显著,具有一定的临床应用价值。     

家兔中脑导水管周围灰质中阿片肽及去甲肾上腺素对皮肤痛与内脏痛的影响

以电刺激内脏大神经或耳尖部皮肤测定清醒家兔内脏或皮肤痛阈,观察中脑导水管周围灰质(PAG)中阿片肽和去甲肾上腺素在内脏镇痛和皮肤镇痛中的作用。结果:PAG内微量注射α受体阻断剂酚妥拉明(5μg/μl),皮肤痛阈明显升高,并增强和延长电针镇皮肤痛,但内脏痛阈无明显变化。微量注射β受体阻断剂普萘洛尔(5μg/μl),内脏痛阈和皮肤痛阈均无变化。PAG内微量注射阿片受体激动剂依托啡(1 μg/μl)后,内脏痛阈及皮肤痛阈明显上升,且可被纳洛酮(0.4mg/kg)iv所翻转。提示PAG内去甲肾上腺素α受体参与皮肤痛的调制,而阿片肽参与皮肤痛和内脏痛的调制。     

小檗碱的降血压作用与临床应用

<正> 近年来对小檗碱的研究又活跃起来,并取得了不少进展。尤其在心血管方面进展更大。本文综述其降压作用和临床应用。小檗碱的扩张血管作用早先报告小檗碱能直接作用于血管平滑肌,使四肢、皮肤及部分内脏血管扩张,也能扩张冠状动脉,增加冠脉流量。以后用离体兔主动脉和肺主动脉及猫冠状动脉实验证明小檗碱(0.1～100μM)无直接扩张血管作用,但能拮抗肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素、麦角新碱和苯福林引起的收缩,使α受体激     

肾上腺素在家兔实验性肺水肿形成过程中的作用

目的:探索复制家兔实验性肺水肿动物模型的肾上腺素的合适用量,明确其在肺水肿形成过程中的作用。方法:实验组动物在大量静脉输入生理盐水的基础上,分别加输0.15~0.45mg/kg的肾上腺素,观察动物血压、呼吸状况、血气分析、肺系数和病理改变等指标的变化。结果:实验组动物均发生不同程度的肺水肿。实验过程中动物呈现血压先升高后下降及心率减慢的现象,并出现呼吸抑制、缺氧和呼吸性酸中毒的表现。结论:所用剂量肾上腺素导致家兔肺水肿主要机制在于其使皮肤、内脏的血液分布到肺脏,进一步增加肺毛细血管内压,促进肺水肿的形成。     

药物的双向作用

许多药物对同一组织器官可产生性质截然相反的双向作用,现简要归纳如下： 1肾上腺素对血管和血压的作用 肾上腺素对α和β受体均有强大的激动作用。肾上腺素激动α1受体,可使皮肤、粘膜及部分内脏（如肾脏）的血管收缩,同时,激动β2受体,则可引起骨骼肌血管和冠状动脉的扩张。由于上述对血管的作用,     

临床应用肾上腺素应注意的问题

肾上腺素是最常用的急救药物之一,在临床抢救中占有重要位置。现简要介绍其在使用中应注意的问题。肾上腺素的作用与用途肾上腺素是从家畜(牛、羊)的肾上腺髓质中提取的物质,也有人工合成的。本药属于肾上腺素能受体兴奋剂,可兴奋心脏,加强心肌收缩力,增加心脏排血量;可使周身小血管及皮肤、内脏血管收缩,血压升高,而对冠状动脉则有扩张作用;可舒张支     

Low Electrical Resistance Properties of Acupoints: Roles of NOergic Signaling Molecules and Neuropeptides in Skin Electrical Conductance

Early studies from several independent laboratories demonstrated that acupoints possess the characteristics of low electrical resistance. New devices are developing to increase the reliability of electrical skin impedance measurements for counteracting the factors including skin dryness, skin thickness, size of the sensing electrode, pressure applied on the electrode, interelectrode distance, room temperature, and humidity. Morphological studies have identified that blood vessels, hair follicles, and nervous components are enhanced in the meridians/acupoints, which represent areas of potentially high neuronal activity. Recent evidence shows that nitric oxide (NO) concentrations are enhanced in skin acupoints/meridians. L-arginine-derived NO synthesis modifies skin norepinephrine (NE) synthesis/release in acupoints/meridians, and NO-NE activations play an important role in mediating the skin conductance responses to electrical stimulation. NOergic signaling molecules interact with gap junction and transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1. Other studies reported that the high conductance at acupoints is a result of the release of the neuropeptides substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide during neurogenic inflammation in the referred pain area. Pathological body conditions caused considerable changes in skin conductance or impedance at acupoints. Although systematic research with an improved equipment and research design to avoid the influencing factors are requested for a definite answer in this field, the results from anatomical and biochemical studies consistently show that acupoints exist higher levels of nervous components, and NOergic signaling molecules and neuropeptides involved in the skin low resistance at acupoints. The increased interest in the acupoints/meridians has led to an open-minded attitude towards understanding this system, which is fundamental important to establish the valid aspects of scientific basis of Chinese medicine mechanisms and therapies.     

恐惧情境下不同心理素质水平军人的自主神经反应

目的 探讨恐惧情境下不同心理素质水平军人自主神经反应特点.方法 以部队官兵和军校战士学员为研究对象,采用问卷凋查筛选被试通过牛理心理学实验对小同心理素质水平军人在恐惧以及中性情境下的自主神经反应特点进行研究..结果 (1)在中性情绪条件下,低心理素质组[(-0.87±0.64) mm Hg]的指端血容振幅(BPV)变化上显著大于高心理素质组[(-0.28±0.24)mm Hg];(2)在恐惧情绪条件下,低心理素质组[(0.78±0.11) umho]的皮电(SC)的变化显著大于中等[(0.22±0.15) um-ho]与高心理素质组[(0.30±0.12) umho];低心理素质组[(6.54±2.69)nU]的心率变异性(HRV)频谱归一化低频功率( Lfnorm)的变化显著大于中等[(1.32±1.25)nU]与高心理素质组[(3.51±2.28)nU];(3)在自主神经反应指标的恢复时间上,低心理索质组[ (61.58±35.66)s]在恐惧情绪条件下其心率(HR)的恢复时间显著大于中等[ (36.78±18.58)s]与高心理素质组[(22.36±6.87)s];低心理素质组[(56.87±23.98)s]在恐惧情绪条件下其皮电(SC)、皮温(TEMP)、指端血容振幅(BVP)、心率(HR)四个自主神经反应指标的平均恢复时间上显著大于高心理素质组[( 18.67±9.83)s].(4)在情绪的唤醒度上,低心理素质组(0.88±2.54)在中性条件下其唤醒度的变化明显大于中等(0.57±2.88)与高心理素质组(0.15±1.87);低心理素质组(2.17±2.39)在恐惧条件下愉悦度的变化明显大于中等(1.87±1.45)与高心理素质组(1.24±1.66).结论 低心理素质军人中性和恐惧情绪反应特点表现为:面临中性刺激或较弱的情绪刺激时,更容易出现生理唤醒以及警觉状态;面临恐惧情绪刺激时,其自主神经活动模式以交感神经系统兴奋为主,生理唤醒状态更强,且这种状态会持续更长的时间并报告更强的痛苦体验.     

Acute hyperhomocysteinemia induces microvascular and macrovascular endothelial dysfunction

BACKGROUND: Hyperhomocysteinemia (Hhcy) has been shown to induce endothelial dysfunction due to a decrease in bioavailable nitric oxide (NO) by increased vascular oxidant stress. This can be detected as an impairment of endothelium-dependent vasodilation in conductance arteries, like brachial or coronary arteries. The effect of Hhcy on endothelial function (EF) in small resistance vessels that critically determine organ perfusion, however, has not been studied systematically in humans. Therefore, we simultaneously determined macro- and microvascular EF in 11 healthy subjects before and during acute Hhcy induced by an oral methionine challenge. METHODS: Macrovascular EF was determined by measuring endothelium-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery by vascular ultrasound and microvascular EF by measuring skin perfusion during iontophoresis of acetylcholine using laser Doppler fluxmetry. RESULTS: Oral methionine significantly increased homocysteine levels by about 5.1-fold. Acute Hhcy leads to a significant decrease in flow-mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery from 8.1 +/- 0.5% to 3.6 +/- 0.6% and to a significant decrease in the ratio of acetylcholine-stimulated vs. baseline laser Doppler flow in the forearm skin (from 9.2 +/- 1.0- to 7.8 +/- 1.3-fold). CONCLUSIONS: Acute Hhcy impairs macro- as well as microvascular (EF) in humans.     

基于生理信号的精神疲劳评估

目的通过非介入式的生理参数的监测,评估精神疲劳。方法根据实验对象的反应时间在反应时测试实验过程中伴随疲劳而发生的变化,记录14例实验对象疲劳过程前后的皮肤电活动、心率、心率变异性3组生理参数,并进行统计分析。结果人体清醒和精神疲劳状态下的平均皮肤电导水平、平均心率、总功率密度、极低频功率密度占总功率密度百分比、高频功率密度占总功率密度百分比均有显著性差异。结论通过监测皮肤电活动、心率和心率变异性等生理参数对人体精神疲劳进行评估的方法具有无创、有效和实用的特点,有较好的运用前景。     

化学损毁外周交感神经对皮肤电导及表皮缝隙连接的影响

目的：研究化学损毁外周交感神经对皮肤电导及表皮缝隙连接的影响。方法：给大鼠、小鼠腹腔注射６－羟多巴胺，测定皮肤电导并用电镜形态计量学方法研究表皮缝隙连接的改变。结果：经６－羟多巴胺处理后，大鼠膀胱经与对照皮肤电导差异减小；小鼠皮肤电导下降，其表皮缝隙连接的面数密度、平均外径及数密度均低于对照组。结论：儿茶酚胺类物质与表皮缝隙连接及皮肤电导之间存在密切联系。     

电超导治疗小儿腹泻的疗效观察

[目的 ]探讨电超导透皮给药治疗小儿腹泻的疗效 .[方法 ]应用电超导透皮给予中药制剂的方法治疗小儿腹泻 2 5 4例 ,并与常规治疗方法进行比较 .[结果 ]治疗组疗效明显优于对照组 ,两组间有显著性差异 .[结论 ]电超导透皮给药方法是治疗小儿腹泻的一种有效的方法     

Ionic basis of noradrenaline depolarization and hyperpolarization in toad dorsal root ganglia neurones

Summary The membrane conductance and reversal potential were estimated for neurones in toad dorsal root ganglia with intracellular recording technique during depolarization or hyperpolarization induced by noradrenaline (NA). The effects of blocking agents for potassium or calcium ion current on NA-induced membrane potential responses were observed as well. The NA depolarization was accompanied by a 32.6% decrease of membrane conductance. In a few neurones, the membrane conductance showed an initial increase and a following decrease. The NA hyperpolarization was associated with an increase of membrane conductance by 16.2%. The mean reversal potential of NA depolarization was -88.5 ± 0.9mV. The NA hyperpolarization responses were nullified at -89 to -92 mV of membrane potential. TEA superfusion enhanced NA depolarization amplitude by 73.7 ± 11.9% and depressed NA hyperpolarization amplitude by 40.5%. CsCl (intracelluar injection) increased phenylephrine depolarization by 34.5 %. MnCl₂ superfusion decreased the amplitudes of NA depolarization by 50.5 ± 9.9%, and of NA hyperpolarizalion by 89.5±4.9% respectively. The results suggest that depolarization or hyperpolarization induced by NA might be mediated by the alteration of K or Ca channels.     

Towards a Smart Non-Invasive Fluid Loss Measurement System

In this article, a smart wireless sensing non-invasive system for estimating the amount of fluid loss, a person experiences while physical activity is presented. The system measures three external body parameters, Heart Rate, Galvanic Skin Response (GSR, or skin conductance), and Skin Temperature. These three parameters are entered into an empirically derived formula along with the user’s body mass index, and estimation for the amount of fluid lost is determined. The core benefit of the developed system is the affluence usage in combining with smart home monitoring systems to care elderly people in ambient assisted living environments as well in automobiles to monitor the body parameters of a motorist.     

某军校不同心理弹性水平的大一新生自主神经反应特点

目的 研究不同心理弹性水平军校大学生自主神经反应特点.方法 采用成人心理弹性量表(resilience scale for adults,RSA)对重庆某军校大一新生进行心理测评,筛选出心理弹性高分组和低分组被试共144名,再从中选取愿意参加本实验的心理弹性高分组和低分组被试各27名,其进行自主神经反应(心率、皮电、...     

POTASSIUM CHANNELS ON CARDIOMYOCYTES OF SELENIUM IODINE DEFICIENCY RATS AND IODINE DEFICIENCY RATS

INTRoDUt?Tl()NOneofthemainpathogenicfact()rofKeshandis-easeisselensiumdeflclencythatisprevaillngonalongstripregionfromeasttosouthwestinourcountry'Theiodinedeficiencydiseaselsendemicall()verourcountryexceptShanghai.Accordingtt)theinf()rmationofgeochem1stry,thesoilofepidemlcregioncontalnsmuchlessseleniumandiodinethanthatofnodiseaseregiondoes-Therefore,theseleniumandiodineinfoodproducedfromKeshandiseaseregionislessthannormalvalue.SeleniumisanessaserycomponentofSe(iSHPx(seleniumdependentglut…