吸烟对种植体周围组织影响的临床观察

目的:分析吸烟对于种植义齿周围组织的影响。方法:选取42例种植病例分为吸烟、曾经吸烟和不吸烟3组,分别测量种植体植入时、义齿修复后1年的边缘骨变化和软组织变化情况。结果:吸烟组的改良龈沟出血指数与非吸烟组有显著性差异,吸烟组的牙周探诊深度变化与其他2组均有显著性差异,而其余各项指标均无统计学意义。结论:吸烟是导致种植义齿失败的一个危险因素,应告诫患者吸烟会导致种植修复的预后更差。     

吸烟对208例种植体疗效的临床回顾分析

目的 :探讨吸烟对60例种植修复患者临床疗效的影响。方法 :选取2014-09—2016-09期间在我院接受种植修复的60例病例,将其分为吸烟组和非吸烟组。本研究对208例病例种植体的存留率进行了至少18个月的随访,对成功的病例行种植体边缘骨水平、探诊深度、改良菌斑指数、改良出血指数的检查。结果:吸烟组患者水平存留率为75.00%,种植体水平存留率为89.13%;非吸烟组患者水平存留率为91.67%,种植体水平存留率为96.30%。吸烟组种植体边缘骨吸收量(MBL)及探诊深度(PD)明显高于非吸烟组。吸烟组的改良菌斑指数(mPLI)、改良出血指数(mSBI)测量结果均高于非吸烟组。结论:与非吸烟组相比,吸烟者更易发生种植体植入失败,尤其是位于上颌骨的种植体。与吸烟习惯相关联的种植体植入失败是否会引起其他并发症,还有待进一步的临床评估。     

吸烟患者牙种植疗效的回顾性分析

目的:分析吸烟患者进行人工牙种植的疗效.方法:回顾性分析2000-2008年接受口腔种植义齿修复的病例877例.共植入1257颗种植,其中吸烟患者205例,共植入种植体224颗.结果:共31颗种植体发生种植体周围炎,不吸烟患者和吸烟患者发生种植体周围炎分别为7颗和24颗.这其中23颗种植体因失败而取出,吸烟与不吸烟的病例种植体生存率分别为98.22%和98.16%.经统计学分析其差异无统计学意义.结论:本回顾性研究显示吸烟与否对种植体的成功没有影响,但这需要更进一步的前瞻性研究.     

混合固位在后牙种植义齿修复中的应用

目的:观察混合固位(改良粘接固位)在后牙种植义齿修复中的临床应用。方法:60例后牙牙列缺损患者共植入92枚种植体,其中50枚采用粘接固位修复体,42枚采用混合固位修复体。分别于修复1年后复诊,检测种植体周围边缘骨吸收量、改良菌斑指数(mPLI)、改良出血指数(mSBI)临床指标以及患者对种植义齿的满意度。结果:1年后,粘接固位组及混合固位组种植体周围边缘骨吸收量分别平均为0.531mm和0.492mm;两种固位组种植体周围边缘骨吸收量、mPLI、mSBI以及患者满意度方面均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:混合固位种植义齿短期临床修复效果尚可,可用于种植义齿修复。     

吸烟患者牙种植疗效的临床研究

目的探讨吸烟对种植义齿临床疗效的影响。方法后牙缺失拟行种植修复的患者81例,分为吸烟组和非吸烟组,共植入124颗种植体,于负载后1年随访,检测种植体存留率、边缘骨吸收量、改良菌斑指数（modified plaque index,mPLI）和改良出血指数（modified sulcus bleeding index,mSBI）等临床指标。结果吸烟组有4颗种植体脱落,存留率为92%,非吸烟组种植体存留率为100%,2组差异有统计学意义（χ2=6.090,P=0.028）。吸烟组种植体周围边缘骨吸收量平均为（1.04±0.18）mm,mPLI和mSBI平均水平P50均为1。非吸烟组种植体周围边缘骨吸收量平均为（0.74±0.11）mm,mPLI和mSBI平均水平P50均为0。2组的边缘骨吸收量、mPLI、mSBI差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论吸烟是导致种植义齿失败的一个危险因素,吸烟患者种植修复的预后较非吸烟者差。为提高种植义齿的成功率,吸烟患者应尽早戒烟,并保持口腔清洁卫生。     

吸烟缺牙患者种植体周围组织状况的研究

目的:通过对比吸烟和非吸烟患者的种植体周围组织健康指标,研究吸烟对种植体周围组织的影响。方法:在健康对照组和吸烟组各植入30枚种植体,修复后6个月,检测改良菌斑指数、改良龈沟出血指数、探诊深度、边缘骨质吸收状况指标。结果:对照组和吸烟组的各项指标差异无显著性。结论:对于吸烟患者,在局部条件较好的病例中运用ITI种植系统可以获得可靠的疗效,但长期效果还还有待进一步的观察。     

上颌前部种植义齿失败的临床回顾性研究

目的:分析上颌前部种植义齿失败原因,为提高临床种植义齿修复技术水平提供理论依据.方法:回顾分析10年来烟台市口腔医院种植修复失败病例,分析其原因.结果:上颌前部种植修复失败原因以术后感染最为常见,其他原因如修复设计不合理导致侧向力过大、种植体周围炎等也比较常见.结论:种植修复外科中严格无菌操作观念是降低术后感染的有效方法.合理设计种植修复计划可有效提高种植修复的成功率.     

Brnemark种植义齿修复上颌全牙列缺失的临床评价

目的 :评价Branemark种植义齿修复上颌全牙列缺失3年后的临床效果。方法 :采用Branemark种植系统的常规操作方法 ,在I期手术 ,116枚Branemark种植体植入上颌全牙列缺失的16例患者,6个月后 ,进行II期手术 ,再经1周后 ,用固定可卸式修复体修复。结果 :Branemark种植体修复后3年 ,上颌累积成功率为91.1% ,修复体的稳定率为100%。结论 :Branemark种植义齿修复上颌全牙列缺失具有良好的临床效果。     

翼上颌区种植体联合前部种植体修复萎缩上颌无牙颌的临床回顾研究

目的 评估翼上颌区种植体联合前部种植体修复后部萎缩的上颌无牙颌的短期临床效果及患者的满意度.方法 回顾性研究筛选25例行前部和翼上颌区种植体支持的上颌固定修复并随访1年以上的上颌无牙颌患者作为研究对象,观察种植体存留率、种植体周软组织状态(包括探诊深度,改良龈沟出血指数,菌斑指数)、边缘骨吸收以及患者的满意度.结果 前...     

种植义齿失败原因的探讨

目的:对种植义齿失败病例进行了分析。方法：193年7月至2001年6月共完成种植义齿422例，植入种植体482颗，其中有48颗种植体失败脱落。结果：种植失败的主要原因是修复前种植体与骨组织之间未发生骨性结合、种植体周围炎、机械性折断和种植体旋转分别为6、28、8、6颗，失败率为9．96％。结论：种植体材料、结构、设计和类型，外科植入技术，修复设计原则及修复技术，咬合力的控制和口腔清洁卫生的保持是影响种植成败的主要因素，种植体周围炎和种植体机械性折断是种植失败的主要原因。     

Effects of sinus membrane perforations on the success of dental implants placed in the augmented sinus

BACKGROUND: Maxillary sinus lifting procedure enables clinicians to place implant-supported prostheses even in cases with very limited vertical bone height of the maxillary sinus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the implant success with regard to effects of the sinus membrane perforations that occurred during sinus lifting surgery. METHODS: The study group consisted of 91 patients (29 females and 54 males) with edentulous posterior maxilla. Implant placement combined with sinus lifting surgery was performed, and 259 implants were inserted. Sinus membrane perforations were detected in 12 sinus sites. After proper treatment of perforations, 26 implants were placed into perforated sinus areas. Baseline panaromic radiographs were taken before the beginning of prosthetic treatment. Panaromic radiographs taken at the last recall were used for evaluation and compared to the baseline panaromic radiographs using image analysis software to reveal the peri-implant resorption rate for the implants placed in perforated and non-perforated sinus area. The modified sulcus bleeding index and plaque index were used for the assessment of soft tissue conditions. RESULTS: Eleven implants were lost during the follow-up period, resulting in an overall survival rate of 95.9%. Two failures occurred in the group with sinus perforations. There was no statistically significant difference regarding peri-implant bone resorption (P = 0.778) and soft tissue conditions for implants placed into perforated-augmented sinus areas and augmented sinus areas. CONCLUSION: Within the limits of this study, perforation of the sinus membrane did not compromise the osseointegration process or the success of dental implants placed in the augmented maxillary sinus.     

角度螺丝通道基台在上颌切牙种植修复的临床应用

目的:评估应用角度螺丝通道基台种植修复上颌切牙的临床效果。方法:临床选择2015年12月前使用角度螺丝通道基台行上颌切牙种植修复15例。随访6个月,观察方法为X线片、临床检查及患者满意度调查,分析其存留率、骨吸收情况、软组织及美学效果。结果:使用角度螺丝通道基台的上颌切牙种植义齿存留率为100%;种植体近远中牙槽骨吸收量为(0.447±0.121)、(0.355±0.127) mm,软组织状况良好; 93.3%患者对种植修复表示满意。结论:使用角度螺丝通道基台行上颌切牙种植修复是一种微创、简洁的种植治疗方案设计,有一定的临床推广价值。     

Implant-supported fixed cantilever prostheses in partially edentulous arches. A seven-year prospective study

The purpose of the following study was to evaluate the medium- to long-term prognosis of implant-supported cantilever fixed prostheses, and to establish to what degree this is influenced by factors such as length, type of cantilever (mesial or distal), and opposite dentition versus cantilever prostheses. This study was performed on a sample of 38 partially edentulous patients treated between January 1994 and March 2001 with 49 partial cantilever fixed prostheses supported by 100 implants. Marginal bone resorption (MBL) has been studied and used as a reference parameter to define therapeutic success. The MBL measurement was made possible by transposing X-ray images of patients selected on a PC and then using a software program. Statistical analysis was carried out for possible correlation between peri-implant bone resorption and the parameters considered in this study: length and type (mesial or distal) of cantilever and opposite dentition to cantilever prostheses. Seven years after loading cantilever prostheses, the overall cumulative implant survival rate (OCSR) was 97%, and the prostheses success rate is 98%. Mesial cantilever prostheses registered a lower success rate (97.1%) than distal cantilever prostheses (100%). Furthermore, a better prognosis was not observed when the opposite dentition of the prostheses comprised natural teeth, or fixed prostheses on natural teeth, when compared with the cases in which opposite teeth were implant-supported fixed prostheses. The authors concluded that medium-term prognosis of implant-supported cantilever fixed prostheses and traditional implant-supported fixed prostheses was comparable. However, a thorough pre-treatment analysis of risk factors regarding implant-supported prosthesis survival is important.     

种植体支持式单端悬臂桥的中短期临床评价

目的 评估上颌单侧中切牙及侧切牙连续缺失采用种植体支持式单端悬臂桥修复的中短期临床效果。方法 回顾分析2016年6月至2020年1月于郑州大学第一附属医院口腔种植科就诊的上颌单侧中切牙及侧切牙缺失后使用单端悬臂桥修复并符合纳入标准的37例患者资料。分析比较患者种植体存留率、并发症发生率、近悬臂侧和远悬臂侧边缘骨吸收量、种植体周围软组织健康程度、龈乳头指数及患者满意度。结果 在观察期内,种植体存留率100%;机械和生物并发症发生率分别为5.4%和8.1%;种植体年平均边缘骨吸收量为（0.06±0.05）mm,且近悬臂和远悬臂侧边缘骨吸收量差异无统计学意义（P> 0.05）;探诊深度平均为（1.75±0.36）mm,改良菌斑指数平均为0.60±0.46,改良出血指数平均为1.18±0.36;在不同时间点,患者龈乳头指数有变化（P <0.05）,且龈乳头指数随着时间的延长而变化（P <0.05）;患者满意度评分平均为（9.24±0.91）分。结论 当上颌单侧中切牙及侧切牙区种植修复空间有限时,选择设计良好的单端悬臂桥行种植修复,在中短观察期内可满足美观及功能需求,且悬臂对临...     

Influence of alcohol and tobacco habits on peri-implant marginal bone loss: a prospective study

A prospective clinical study was conducted to explore the possible link between peri-implant bone loss and the widespread habits of tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption. One hundred and eighty-five patients who received 514 implants were followed up for 3 years. Peri-implant marginal bone loss was evaluated by digital panoramic radiography and image analysis techniques. Multivariate analysis showed that peri-implant marginal bone loss was significantly related to a daily consumption of >10 g of alcohol, tobacco use and increased plaque levels and gingival inflammation. The present results indicate that daily alcohol consumption and tobacco use may have a negative influence on predictable long-term implant treatment outcomes, producing peri-implant bone loss and compromising restorative treatment with implant-supported prostheses.     

种植覆盖义齿临床疗效的回顾性研究

目的:回顾性分析评价无牙颌患者采用种植覆盖义齿修复后的临床疗效.方法:对行种植覆盖义齿修复的57 名无牙颌患者进行临床复诊,检查种植体周围菌斑指数、探诊深度、探诊出血、牙龈增生、种植体边缘骨吸收以及义齿修复后并发症的发生情况;采用VAS视觉模拟评分方法测量患者对种植覆盖义齿修复的满意度,并对相关影响因素进行分析,综合评价种植覆盖义齿的临床疗效.结果:经过(48±11.3) 个月的随访观察,4 枚种植体在愈合期内失败,存留率为98.1%;种植体的边缘骨吸收为(1.38±0.74) mm,不同类型附着体(杆卡、球帽、磁性)修复后种植体边缘骨吸收差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);杆卡组的菌斑指数、探针深度均高于磁性和球帽组(P<0.05);探针出血无明显差异(P>0.05);牙龈增生多见于杆卡组.并发症主要包括:上部基台折裂、义齿折裂、螺丝松动等等.患者对种植覆盖义齿的总体满意度较高,仅在"清洁方便程度"一项,磁性和球帽组患者的满意度高于杆卡组(P<0.05),其他各项均无明显差异(P>0.05).结论:种植覆盖义齿有较高的种植体存留率及患者满意度,但修复后需对义齿及种植体进行定期清理维护以减少后期并发症的发生,尤其是杆卡式种植覆盖义齿.     

Palatal positioned implants in severely atrophic maxillae versus conventional implants to support fixed full-arch prostheses: Controlled retrospective study with 5 years of follow-up

Background

To evaluate soft tissue conditions and bone loss around palatal positioned implants supporting fixed full-arch prostheses to rehabilitate edentulous maxillae with horizontal atrophy and compare them with conventional well-centered implants placed in non-atrophic maxillae after a minimum follow-up of 5 years.

Material and Methods

A clinical retrospective study was performed of patients that were rehabilitated with full-arch fixed implant-supported maxillary prostheses and had a minimum follow-up of 5 years after implant loading. Patients were divided into 2 groups: patients with class IV maxilla according to Cawood and Howell and treated with palatal positioned implants (test) and with class III maxilla and treated with implants well-centered in the alveolar ridge and completely surrounded by bone (control). The following variables were assessed: age, sex, frequency of tooth brushing, smoking, type of prosthesis, type of implant, implant success, amount of buccal keratinized mucosa, buccal retraction, probing depth, plaque index, modified bleeding index, presence of mucositis or peri-implantitis and peri-implant bone loss. Statistical analysis was performed applying Chi2 Test and Student’s t-test using alpha set at 0.05.

Results

A total of 57 patients were included: 32 patients with 161 palatal positioned implants (test) and 25 patients with 132 well centered implants (control). No statistically significant differences were found regarding age, sex and smoking, but test group patients reported a significantly higher frequency of daily tooth brushing. Implant success rates were 96.9% for test group implants and 96.0% for control group implants. Peri-implant mucosa retraction was significantly higher in the control group than in the test group (p=0,017). No significant differences were observed either for all the other assessed clinical parameters or for peri-implant bone loss.

Conclusions

Despite its limitations the outcomes of the present study suggest that palatal positioned implants may be a good treatment alternative for patients with severe horizontal maxillary alveolar bone atrophy. Palatal positioned implants presented similar success rates, soft tissue conditions and peri-implant bone loss than well-centered implants placed completely surrounded by bone in non-atrophic ridges. Key words: Atrophic maxilla, bone atrophy, fixed dental prosthesis, dental implants.     

悬臂梁式种植固定义齿的回顾性研究

目的:评价悬臂梁式种植固定义齿的长期临床效果。方法 :采用回顾性研究方法 ,收集2005-01—2011-06,在我科室采用悬臂梁式种植固定义齿修复58例患者(60个修复体,共103枚种植体)的临床及影像学资料。记录种植体的失败个数、修复体失败个数、边缘骨吸收情况、机械及生物并发症情况。结果:随访期内无种植体失败,有3个修复体失败。种植体7年累计存留率100%,修复体7年累计存留率为92.3%。随访期内并未见严重的边缘骨吸收,近悬臂端种植体周边缘骨吸收为(0.08±0.12)mm,远悬臂端种植体周边缘骨吸收为(0.09±0.14)mm。8个修复体(13%)、14枚种植体(14%)发生生物学并发症,11个修复体(18.3%)出现机械并发症。结论:本研究初步证实悬臂梁式种植固定义齿的修复方式临床效果是可靠的,可作为临床种植设计的一个可选方案。因较高的机械并发症,在选择螺丝固位方式时需加以注意。     

78例氧化锆种植体边缘骨吸收5年随访观察

目的：观察氧化锆全瓷修复种植体边缘骨吸收变化,评估氧化锆全瓷修复体长期临床效果。方法：将首都医科大学电力教学医院2014年1月—2016年1月间78例采用氧化锆全瓷修复系统进行固定义齿修复的病例纳为研究对象,随访5年,检测修复体完整性、密合性、种植体存留情况,并检测改良龈沟出血指数（mSBI）、改良菌斑指数（mPLI）及牙周探诊深度（PD）,应用X线片评估种植体边缘骨吸收,使用多元线性回归分析影响骨吸收的相关因素。采用SPSS 19.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果：随访期间,6例患者未按规定复诊,随访脱落,脱落率为7.69%(6/78),剩余72例患者（共80颗种植体,63个修复体）完成随访,种植体均未出现松动、折断、脱落,种植体存留率为100.00%。6个修复体出现崩瓷,2个修复体冠边缘与基台间不密合,无修复体脱落。全口曲面体层片与根尖片提示,边缘骨吸收0～2.03 mm,平均（0.23±0.04）mm。统计分析显示,糖尿病史、修复体种植方式、崩瓷及对颌牙类型影响种植体边缘骨吸收量（P<0.05）。结论：长期随访结果显示,氧化锆种植体存留率高,软组织美学效果好,边缘骨稳定,...     

Prosthetic treatment of maxillary lateral incisor agenesis with osseointegrated implants: a 24-39-month prospective clinical study

OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed at evaluating the marginal bone resorption and the peri-implant tissue conditions around Narrow-Neck ITI implants in the implant-prosthetic treatment of the agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty patients affected by monolateral or bilateral agenesis of the maxillary lateral incisors were selected. Thirty-four ITI-SLA Narrow Neck implants were inserted and loaded about 4 months after the surgical procedure. The final restorations were realized using Aureo Galvan Crowns veneered with feldspathic ceramics. The follow-up period ranged from 24 to 39 months. Both marginal bone resorption and soft tissue quality were evaluated. The data were statistically analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures, one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test (P=0.05). RESULTS: During the 24-39-month follow-up period, no implant showed either pain and sensitivity or mobility. After 39 months of functional loading, a cumulative survival rate of 97.06% and a cumulative success rate of 94.12% were calculated. CONCLUSIONS: In case of maxillary lateral incisor agenesis, the implant-prosthetic approach has proved to be a reliable and predictable treatment for both re-establishment of function and aesthetics. Satisfactory values of marginal bone resorption over time and optimal conditions of peri-implant tissue around Narrow-Neck ITI implants were found.