原发性肝癌患者手术治疗前后检测可溶性白细胞介素2受体和肿瘤坏？…

应用双抗体酶联夹心法和放射免疫分析法检测了３０名正常人和３３例原发性肝癌患者血清中ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ和ＴＮＦ含量，结果表明：原发性肝癌患者手术前ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ，ＴＮＦ非常显著地高于正常人（Ｐ〈０．００１，Ｐ〈０．０１）；术后２周，血清ｓＩｌ－２Ｒ与正常人比较有差异（Ｐ〈０．０１），而ＴＮＦ则无差异（Ｐ〉０．０５），ＡＦＰ含量高低与ｓＩｌ－２和ＴＮＦ含量无关（ｒ＝０．３８２６，０．３７２５；Ｐ〉０．０５）。     

细胞因子在免疫复合物型肾小球肾炎发病机制中的作用

按Ｄｉｘｏｎ方法制造血清病型肾小球肾炎动物模型，进而研究其发病机制，模型ＡＥＳＳＲ血清ＣＩＣ水平明显高于正常值（Ｐ〈０．０１）；ＣＭＳＣ水平明显低于正常值（Ｐ〈０．０１），ｓＩｌ－２Ｒ，ＩＬ－８，ＩＦＮ，ＴＮＦ和ＩＬ－２水平均明显高于正常值（Ｐ〈０．０１），ＣＩＣ与ＣＭＳＣ呈高度负相关，ｒ＝－０．９４３（Ｐ〈０．０５），ＣＩＣ与ＩＬ－８呈高度正相关，相关系数ｒ＝０．８２９（Ｐ〈０．０５）。进一步证     

病毒性肝炎患者血清sICAM-1、IL-6及TNF-α水平检测分析

应用酶联免疫吸附法检测了４３名对照组和１２９例各类病毒性肝炎患者血清ｓＩＣＡＭ－１、ＩＬ－６及ＴＮＦ－α水平含量。结果表明：急、慢性肝炎和肝硬化患者血清ｓＩＣＡＭ－１水平明显高于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０１）,慢性重型肝炎组明显高于中度和轻度肝炎组（Ｐ〈０．０１）,各类肝炎患者血清ｓＩＣＡＭ－１水平与ＡＬＴ、ＴＢｉｌ均呈明显正相关;各类肝炎及肝硬化患者血清ＩＬ－６和ＴＮＦ－α水平也较对照组显著升高（Ｐ〈０     

慢性乙型肝炎患者5种细胞因子水平的检测及其意义

目的 探讨病毒性乙型肝炎患者ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ,ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ,ＩＬ－６,ＩＬ－８和ＴＮＦ－α与乙肝发病的关系。方法 采用ＡＰＡＡＰ技术和ＥＬＩＳＡ法,检测９２例慢性乙型肝炎患者ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ,ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ,ＩＬ－６,ＩＬ－８和ＴＮＦ－α的水平。结果 慢性乙肝患者ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ的表达显著低于正常对照组（Ｐ〈０．０５）,在ＰＨＡ激活后与正常人基本一致,但仍较ＰＨＡ激活前显著增高（Ｐ〈０．０１）;慢性乙肝患者血清     

再生障碍性贫血患者免疫调节剂治疗前后TNF和IL—2水平变化及意义

为了探讨再生障碍性贫血（ＡＡ）的免疫发病机理及抗Ｔ淋巴细胞单克隆抗体（ＭｃＡｂ－Ｔ）的免疫调节治疗作用，采用放射免疫法检测３０例ＡＡ患者ＭｃＡｂ－Ｔ治疗前后血清肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ）和白细胞介素－２（ＩＬ－２）水平及其中１０例ＡＡ外周血核细胞（ＰＢＭＮＣ）体外诱生ＴＮＦ和ＩＬ－２水平的变化。结果表明，治疗前ＡＡ患者血清ＴＮＦ水平显著曾高（Ｐ〈０．０１），ＰＢＭＮＣ诱生的ＴＮＦ和ＩＬ－２水平均明显高     

LPS和IFN－γ对人不同胎龄脾M￠分泌单核因子的影响

制备不同胎龄水囊引产胎脾Ｍ，以ＬＰＳ（１０ｍｇ／Ｌ）为诱导剂，刺激４８ｈ，ＭＴＴ法检测不同胎龄胎脾Ｍ上清中ＩＬ－１、ＩＬ－６、ＴＮＦ的含量，并与外伤成人脾Ｍ的分泌功能进行比较，发现不同的单核细胞团子，其胚胎发育状况极不一致：胎脾ＭＩＬ－１的分泌在胚胎３２周达成人水平（Ｐ＞０．０５）并保持至出生；ＩＬ－６的分泌在胚胎２０周时已与成人无差别（Ｐ＞０．０５），至出生前，已显著超过成人水平（Ｐ＜０．０１）；而ＴＮＦ的分泌，在胚胎期一直处于较低水平（Ｐ＜０．０１）。同时观察到免疫介质（ＬＰＳ、ＩＦＮ－γ）对胎脾Ｍ分泌ＩＬ－６、ＴＮＦ有协同刺激作用。     

手术及麻醉对消化道肿瘤病人血清细胞因子的影响

为探讨手术及麻醉对消化道肿瘤病人围手术期血清细胞因子的影响，将６０例患者随机分成两组，分别选择吸入全麻和静吸复合全麻两种麻醉方式。采用ＥＬＩＳＡ法对患者术前、术毕４ｈ内和术后１周血清ＴＮＦ－α、ΙＬ－６的水平进行检测。结果：患者ＴＮＦ－α水平术前低于正常（Ｐ＜０．０１），术毕术后升高，术后１周仍低于正常（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＩＬ－６水平术前高于正常（Ｐ＜０．０１），术毕明显高于术前（Ｐ＜０．０１），术后１周降至正常；术毕时，ＩＬ－６水平在两种不同麻醉组有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）；术后１周ＴＮＦ－α与ＩＬ－６呈正相关（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示检测手术前后细胞因子水平变化可作为肿瘤病人细胞免疫功能监测和衡量应激反应的指标。阿片类麻醉药能抑制应激反应引起的细胞因子释放     

病毒性肝炎患者IL－1、IL－6和TNFα活性的检测

检测了甲、乙型病毒性肝炎患者外周血单个核细胞（ＰＢＭＣｓ）ＩＬ－１、ＩＬ－６和ＴＮＦα的诱生活性及其血清中活性。结果表明，乙型慢性活动性肝炎（ＣＡＨ）、乙型肝炎后肝硬化（ＨＣ）和乙型重型肝炎（ＳＨ）ＰＢＭＣｓ经脂多糖诱导后，ＩＬ－１活性分别为３５３１．１±８８２．７Ｕ／ｍ１、２７６９．７±７３０．４±Ｕ／ｍｌ和５３２９．３±１０８９．３Ｕ／ｍｌ，高于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５或（０．０１）；ＩＬ－６诱生活性分别为３８．９０±１４．７５Ｕ／ｍ１、２．４５±１８．８５Ｕ／ｍｌ和７１．９５±２８．０５Ｕ／ｍｌ（与正常对照组相比，ｐ＜０．０５或＜０．０１）；ＴＮＦα诱生活性在乙型慢性迁延性肝炎（ＣＰＨ）、ＣＡＨ、ＨＣ和ＳＨ中分别为３３．２３±７．２５Ｕ／ｍｌ、６．９９±１．８４Ｕ／ｍ１、４．２９±２．１７Ｕ／ｍｌ和８６．７０±２４．１８Ｕ／ｍｌ，与对照组相比Ｐ＜０．０５或Ｐ＜０．０１。各型患者血清中ＩＬ－１、ＩＬ－６和ＴＮＦα活性均有不同程度的增高。文中对ＳＨ患者ＩＬ－１、ＩＬ－６和ＴＮＦα之间的相互关系进行了探讨。     

HCMV感染对单核细胞HLA－DR表达的影响

本文采用细胞ＥＬＩＳＡ法，研究发现人巨细胞病毒（ＨＣＭＶ）感染对单核细胞ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ的影响。结果表明ＨＣＭＶ感染后１ｄ，单核细胞ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ表达显著增高（Ｐ＜０．０１），以后逐渐降低，ｄ５降至对照水平；ＩＦＮγ（５００Ｕ／ｍｌ）．ＴＮＦ（２５０Ｕ／ｍｌ）、ＩＬ－６（５００／ｍｌ）、ＩＬ－１（５００／ｍｌ）均能不同程度地刺激单核细胞ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ表达；ＨＣＭＶ感染后，细胞因子刺激ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ表达的水平在感染后ｄ５，较对照组均显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＩＬ－１＋ＩＦＮ－γ及ＴＮＦ＋ＩＦＮ－γ在刺激单核细胞ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ表达时有协同作用；ＨＣＭＶ感染后，ＩＦＮ－γ＋ＩＬ－１及ＴＮＦ＋ＩＦＮ协同刺激单核细胞ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ表达水平较对照组显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果提示：在ＨＣＭＶ感染引起免疫抑制过程中，其引起单核细胞ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ表达降低是一重要机制。     

羧甲基茯苓多糖对HPBL分泌IL—2,TNF,IL—6,IFN—γ的调节作用

用ＣＭＰ培养外周血淋巴细胞（ＨＰＢＬ）２４、３６、４８、７２ｈ采样检测的ＩＬ－２、ＴＮＦ、ＩＬ－６、ＩＦＮ－γ效价分别可达１３．６±４．３，４１．９±２．０，１８３７．４±４６４．３，１０３７．９±２１１．０Ｕ／ｍｌ，分别比无ＣＭＰ的细胞培养对照组的效价高０．８，７．４，０．５，１０．９倍（Ｐ＜０．０１），说明ＣＭＰ具有ＩＬ－２、ＴＮＦ、ＩＬ－６、ＩＦＮ－γ的诱生剂功能。由ＣＭＰ预处理ＨＰＢＬ后经ＰＨＡ和／或ＣｏｎＡ促诱生组的ＩＬ－２、ＴＮＦ、ＩＬ－６、ＩＦＮ－γ效价分别比无ＣＭＰ的ＰＨＡ和／或ＣｏｎＡ刺激的相应常规诱生组高１．２～２．８，０．５～１．１、０．５～０．８、０．４～０．６倍（Ｐ＜０．０１），尤以ＣＭＰ＋ＰＨＡ＋ＣｏｎＡ促诱生细胞因子效果最佳（Ｐ＜０．０１），说明ＣＭＰ又具有ＩＬ－２、ＴＮＦ、ＩＬ－６、ＩＦＮ－γ促诱生效应。     

大鼠脑垂体前叶内IL-6样免疫反应物质的表达及肾上腺切除后的变化

目的　了解肾上腺切除后垂体前叶内神经纤维增多的成因及与神经营养因素的关系。方法　观察了切除大鼠双侧肾上腺后脑垂体前叶内白细胞介素－６（ＩＬ－６）样免疫反应物质的表达变化。雄性成年大鼠随机分为正常对照组和双侧肾上腺切除组,垂体组织作ＩＬ－６ 免疫组织化学方法染色。结果　在正常大鼠垂体前叶内有ＩＬ－６ 阳性反应物质表达,多位于血管内皮细胞内,少数位于滤泡星形（ＦＳ）细胞内,而且阳性ＦＳ细胞数量较少,分布弥散,染色浅淡,其形态为圆形或椭圆形,突起较短或无。肾上腺切除后,垂体前叶内ＩＬ－６ 免疫样阳性产物染色增深,阳性ＦＳ细胞数量明显增多,形态多样,呈多边形、梭形、三角形和卵圆形等,细胞突起增多变长。结论　研究结果提示,ＩＬ－６可能是肾上腺切除后造成垂体前叶内神经纤维增多的神经营养因素之一。     

Comparative immunogenicity of group 6 pneumococcal type 6A(6) and type 6B(26) capsular polysaccharides.

The comparative immunogenicity of the two cross-reacting group 6 pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides, type 6A(6) and type 6B(26), was studied with hyperimmune rabbit typing antisera and with sera from adult volunteers injected with polyvalent pneumococcal vaccines containing either 50 mug of type 6A (U.S. designation, type 6) or 50 mug each of type 6A and type 6B (U.S. designation, type 26) polysaccharides. Both group 6 polysaccharides were linear copolymers composed of 1 mol each of d-galactose, d-glucose, l-rhamnose, and d-ribitol phosphate. They differed only in that type 6A had a rhammopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-d-ribitol bond and the type 6B had a rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-d-ribitol bond. Quantitative precipitation and absorption analyses with rabbit hyperimmune antisera induced by simultaneous injection with type 6A and type 6B organisms revealed extensive cross-reactions between the two group 6 polysaccharides. There was less, although still quite extensive, cross-reactivity between the two group 6 polysaccharides examined with antisera from rabbits injected with only one of the group 6 pneumococci. In a radioimmunoassay, using (14)C internally labeled type 6A or type 6B polysaccharide antigens, there was no difference in the serum antibody level to either type of volunteer injected with polyvalent pneumococcal vaccines containing type 6A or both type 6A and type 6B polysaccharides. These studies indicate that the structural similarity of the pneumococcal group 6 polysaccharides confers extensive cross-reactivity with hyperimmune typing antisera prepared with whole organisms or after injection of purified polysaccharides in adult volunteers. With our current polysaccharides, it appears that a polyvalent pneumococcal vaccine formulation that contains only type 6A will serve to induce the maximum amount of serum antibodies to both group 6 organisms.     

肿瘤表遗传学(六)

第六讲 染色质重塑 真核生物染色质是一切遗传学过程的物质基础,是多层次、高度可塑性的核蛋白多聚体.染色质构型局部和整体的动态改变,是基因功能调控的关键因素.     

肿瘤表遗传学(六)

第六讲 染色质重塑 真核生物染色质是一切遗传学过程的物质基础,是多层次、高度可塑性的核蛋白多聚体.染色质构型局部和整体的动态改变,是基因功能调控的关键因素.     

肿瘤表遗传学(六)

第六讲 染色质重塑 真核生物染色质是一切遗传学过程的物质基础,是多层次、高度可塑性的核蛋白多聚体.染色质构型局部和整体的动态改变,是基因功能调控的关键因素.     

6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-P-GD) in Down''s syndrome

The question of whether the 6-P-GD system is located in chromosome 21 was approached in 2 ways: by measuring the erythrocyte 6-P-GD levels in children with Down's syndrome, and by studying the segregation of the electrophoretic variants of this enzyme in families with Down's syndrome individuals. Accepting that maternal meiotic non-disjunction is the most frequent cause of the disease, there should be an excess of AB-affected individuals born to AB mothers. The results do not support earlier suggestions that the 6-P-GD locus is located in chromosome 21.     

Prevaccination genomic diversity of human papillomavirus genotype 6 (HPV 6)

Prevaccination genomic diversity of human papillomavirus genotype 6 (HPV 6) was established by sequencing 3798 bp of 77 clinically important HPV 6 isolates obtained from 45 and 32 patients with genital warts and laryngeal papillomas, respectively. By analyzing pooled L1, LCR, E6, E2, and E5 nucleotide data of an individual isolate, a total of 36 different genomic variants were identified, of which six (12 isolates), one (one isolate) and 29 (64 isolates) corresponded to HPV 6b, HPV 6a, and HPV 6vc genetic lineages, respectively. Several novel, potentially important mutations were identified. Non-prototypic HPV 6vc genomic variants were found in the majority of genital warts and laryngeal papillomas included in the study. The presence of serious HPV 6 genome sequence errors was confirmed and novel sequence errors were identified in sequence repositories.