hTNF—α单克隆抗体轻, 链可变区基因的克隆和序列及分子结…

从两株具肮亲和力及中和活性的抗人肿瘤坯死因子－α（ｈＴＮＦ－α）的单抗杂交瘤细胞株１Ｃ３、３Ｆ６中分别提取总ＲＮＡ，通过ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ扩增并克隆了抗体的ＶＬ、ＶＨ基因。核苷酸序列分析表明，所克隆基因均为抗体的ＶＬ、ＶＨ基因，并分别属于Ｋａｐｐａ链Ⅳ亚组和重链Ⅲ（Ｄ）亚组。此外，两抗体可变区分子模型及与ｈＴＮＦ－α的结合模型的建立及分析，为进一步的基因工程抗体研究及抗原－抗体相互作用机理的研究奠定了基     

hTNF-α单克隆抗体轻、重链可变区基因的克隆和序列及分子结构分析

从两株具有高亲和力及中和活性的抗人肿瘤坏死因子－α（ｈＴＮＦ－α）的单抗杂交瘤细胞株１Ｃ３、３Ｆ６中分别提取总ＲＮＡ，通过ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ扩增并克隆了抗体的ＶＬ、ＶＨ基因。核苷酸序列分析表明，所克隆基因均为抗体的ＶＬ、ＶＨ基因，并分别属于Ｋａｐｐａ链Ⅳ亚组和重链Ⅲ（Ｄ）亚组。此外，两抗体可变区分子模型及与ｈＴＮＦ－α的结合模型的建立及分析，为进一步的基因工程抗体研究及抗原－抗体相互作用机理的研究奠定了基础。     

B组轮状病毒ADRV与RDRV主要基因的克隆及其相关？…

对２株ＰＡＧＥ图型相似的Ｂ组轮状病毒－成人腹泻轮状病毒（ａｄｕｌｔｄａｒｒｈｅａｒｏｔａｖｉｒｕｓ,ＡＤＲＶ）和大白鼠服腹泻轮状病毒（ｒａｔｄｉａｒｒｈｅａｒｏｔａｖｉｒｕｓ,ＲＤＲＶ）主要基因的相关性进行研究。方法ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ扩增ＡＤＲＶ第４、５、９三个基因的ｃＤＮＡ全长拷贝,并获其ｃＤＮＡ克隆。用ＡＤＲＶ第９基因末端引物ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ成功扩增了ＲＤＲＶｄｓＲＮＡ,获得相对分子质量与ＡＤＲＶ第９基     

MOLECULAR COLNING AND SEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF THE IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT

获得抗体的可变区基因是由鼠源性ＭｃＡｂ制备重组抗体的前提，本实验合成 与轻链可变区ＦＲ１和ＦＲ４互补的通用引物，由分泌抗人Ｃ１－ＩＮＨＭｃＡｂ的杂交瘤Ｆ７细胞株提取总ＲＮＡ，经ＲＴ－ＯＰＣＲ扩增出Ｆ７ＶＬ的ｃＤＮＡ片段，并将其克隆入ｐＵＣ１８／１９测序载体，     

多重引物聚合酶链反应扩增丙型肝炎病毒基因及基 …

利用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术对丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）的５’－非编码区（５’－ＮＣＲ）、Ｃ及ＮＳ４基因区的３对引物分别及同时扩增，检测８０例抗－ＨＣＶ阳性患者的血清ＨＣＶ ＲＮＡ，并进行了ＨＣＶ基因分型研究。各不同引物所介导的ＰＣＲ检出ＨＣＶ ＲＮＡ的结果为：５’－ＮＣＲ基因区６０％（４８／８０），Ｃ基因区３７％（３０／８０），ＮＳ４基因区３０％（２４／８０）。以上３对引物同时扩增仅４２％（３４／     

抗人C1—抑制物单链抗体的构建

由一株抗人Ｃ１－抑物单克隆抗体鼠杂交瘤细胞提取总ＲＮＡ，合成２对与免疫蛋白可变区ＦＲ１和ＦＲ４互补的通用引物，经ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ扩增出抗体的重链可变区和轻链可变区基因。     

中国人丙型肝炎病毒基因组3′端非编码区的研究

目的分析中国丙型肝炎病人ＨＣＶ基因组３′端非编码区（３′ＮＣＲ）,以促进对ＨＣＶ基因组复制机制的研究。方法采用两种方法,从上海地区感染ＨＣＶ的病人血清中,扩增获得ＨＣＶ基因组３′端非编码区：一是用套式ＰＣＲ直接扩增,二是先分别获得ＨＣＶ３′ＮＣＲ的前半部分和后半部分,再将两片段进行融合ＰＣＲ。ＰＣＲ产物进行测序后作同源性分析。在此基础上,建立了针对３′端非编码区的ＲＴＰＣＲ方法,并与基于５′端非编码区的ＲＴＰＣＲ方法检测ＨＣＶＲＮＡ的特异性和灵敏度比较。结果序列分析表明,中国丙型肝炎病人ＨＣＶ基因组３′非编码区由４部分组成：高度变异区、Ｐｏｌｙ（Ｕ）区、Ｐｏｌｙ（Ｕ／Ｃ）区和９８碱基区。同源性分析显示,９８碱基区在不同分离株间高度保守并与国外报道株一致,而Ｐｏｌｙ（ＵＵＣ）区存在较大差异。３′端非编码区和５′非编码区ＲＴＰＣＲ检测血清ＨＣＶＲＮＡ有较高符合率（９５％）。结论ＨＣＶ基因组３′端非编码区的３′末端（９８碱基）,在不同分离株间的高度保守性提示,该区在ＨＣＶ基因复制中起重要作用。基于３′非编码区的ＲＴＰＣＲ方法,将有助于ＨＣＶ感染的诊断。     

利用多组套式引物检测庚型肝炎病毒RNA

利用庚型肝炎病毒（ＧＢＶ－Ｃ／ＨＧＶ）ＮＳ３～５区序列合成了四组套式引物，建立了灵敏、特异的庚型肝炎病毒ＲＮＡ双扩增聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）检测方法。用此方法检测了１０份庚型肝炎病毒抗体阳性患者血清及１０份阴性的健康人血清。前者不同组引物的检出率为ＮＳ３（１）引物９份阳性，ＮＳ３（２）引物８份阳性，ＮＳ４引物４份阳性，ＮＳ５（１）引物５份阳性，ＮＳ５（２）引物９份阳性；后者各组引物检测均为阴性。结果表明，庚型肝炎病毒不同区域引物用于ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检出率差异较大。ＮＳ３（１）及ＮＳ５（２）这两组引物检出率最高，更适合用于ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测庚型肝炎病毒ＲＮＡ。     

CEA单抗轻重链可变区基因的克隆和序列分析

从分泌具有高亲和力和特异性的小鼠抗癌胚抗原（ＣＥＡ）的单抗杂交瘤细胞株Ｃ５０中提取总ＲＮＡ，通过ＲＴＰＣＲ扩增并克隆了抗体的轻、重链可变区基因。核苷酸序列分析表明所克隆基因分别为抗体轻、重链可变区基因。     

抗CD8单抗轻,重链可变区基因的克隆和序列分析

采用反转录－ＰＣＲ（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）法，从分泌特异性抗ＣＤ８单抗的杂交瘤细胞中扩增出该抗体轻，重链可变区（ＶＨ，ＶＬ）基因，并测定了其序列，经计算机分析，ＶＨ和ＶＬ基因均为新发现的基因序列，符合功能重排的鼠抗体可变区基因特征。     

MRI图像均匀度评价方法的研究

本计ＭＲＩ图像均匀度的评价方法作了改进，即利用信噪比均匀度作辅助评价与信号强度均匀度相结合对图像均匀工作更加合理的评价。利用此方法检测了高场、中场和低场的ＭＩＲ成像设备，对此方法作了验证，说明了引方法的有效性。     

男性不育治疗技术的研究进展

卵细胞浆内单精子显微受精(intracytoplasmic sperm injection,ICSI)[1]技术的成功应用,给男性不育的治疗带来了革命性的突破,近几年ICSI技术不断改进和完善,出现了外科手术法从睾丸和附睾取精(testicular sperm extraction,TESE)[2,3]与ICSI相结合技术(TESE-ICSI)[4],睾丸和附睾抽吸精子(testicular sperm aspiration,TESA)与ICSI相结合技术(TESA-ICSI)[5,6]以及TESE-ICSI与冷冻精子相结合技术[7].尽管男性不育治疗技术在不断完善和成熟,但是仍然有许多问题还未解决.     

不同鞋条件对后跟着地跑者跟腱负荷特征的影响

目的 探究不同鞋条件（极简鞋和传统跑鞋）对跑步时跟腱负荷特征的影响。方法 招募16名健康男性后跟着地跑步爱好者,要求其以3.16~3.50 m/s速度在两种鞋条件下完成跑步实验。采用超声影像仪获取跟腱横截面积成像。采用运动捕捉系统和三维测力台获取踝关节矢状面运动学和地面反作用力数据,并计算踝关节和跟腱的力学参数。采用配对样本t检验比较两种鞋条件对各因变参数（踝关节角度、触地角度、跟腱力、应力、应变等）的影响。结果 与传统跑鞋相比,穿着极简鞋时的足触地角度显著降低39.9%。同时,踝关节力矩、跟腱力峰值、跟腱负载率峰值和平均负载率均显著增加,而达到跟腱力峰值的时间显著减小。穿着极简鞋时的跟腱应力峰值、跟腱应变峰值及其应力率和应变率峰值也显著增加。结论 习惯穿着传统跑鞋并采用后跟着地的跑者在穿着极简鞋后显著增加了跟腱的负荷特征,建议该类跑者循序渐进地过渡至极简鞋,以适应性地提高跟腱承受负荷的能力。     

大学生罗杰斯自我意象心理测评结果

目的：了解和评价大学生人格中自我意象的心理健康水平和影响其心理水平的相关因素。方法：对１８３名工大学生做随机抽样,采用香港中文大学林孟平编制的”罗杰斯自我意象问卷（ＲＳＩＱ）”做心理测验,全部数据用ＳＰＳＳ做统计分析。结果：５３．０１％的学生为高自我意象,４６．９９％为低自我意象。     

Die Wand der primären Hydrozele des Kindes

Zusammenfassung Die primäre Hydrozele des Kindes ist charakterisiert durch ein ausgeprägtes Wandödem, als dessen Ursachen fehlende Lymphgefäße und venöse Stauung angesehen werden müssen. Die morphologischen und klinischen Unterschiede zwischen Säuglingsund Klemkindhydrozelen sprechen für die Annahme, daß das pathologisch gesteigerte Filtrat der verquollenen Lamina parietalis der Tunica vaginalis testis bei vorzeitigem Verschluß des Processus vaginalis peritonei nicht in die Bauchhöhle drainiert werden kann und somit zur Hydrozele führt.

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The wall of primary hydrocele in childhoodLight and electron microscopic findings

Summary Hydroceles of infants and children are characterized by edematous wall-thickening, caused by lacking lymph vessels and venous congestion. The morphologic and clinical differences between hydroceles of infants and children favor the following hypothesis: Pathologically increased filtration of fluid from the parietal tunica vaginalis can't be drained into the peritoneal cavity because the processus vaginalis closes too early and gives raise to hydrocele.

Fräulein B. Höltken und Frau B. Moraw danken wir für ihre Mitarbeit. Der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft danken wir für Sachbeihilfe.     

房室瓣骑跨的形态分析

对１０例先天性畸形心脏的房室瓣骑跨进行形态分析，其中７例为三尖瓣骑跨，２例为二尖瓣骑跨和１例为两侧室瓣骑跨，９例属完全性骑跨和１例属不完全性骑跨。除去瓣骑跨外，房室瓣还伴有瓣，降落伞形，囊状副瓣，异位乳头肌和异位腱索等畸形。     

Vascular tumors of bone: A study of 17 cases other than ordinary hemangioma,with an evaluation of the relationship of hemangioendothelioma of bone to epithelioid hemangioma,epithelioid hemangioendothelioma,and high-grade angiosarcoma

Cases filed as vascular tumor of bone other than ordinary hemangioma were reviewed. They were included in the study if there was adequate histologic material and clinical information, clear evidence of bone origin, and at least 5 years follow-up. The study group comprised 17 cases, of which 13 were categorized as hemangioendothelioma of bone, 1 as epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, and 3 as high-grade angiosarcoma. Hemangioendothelioma of bone had growth patterns varying from vasoformative to solid, but well-formed vessels were present in at least some area in all cases. The cells generally had a rounded, epithelioid character, regular nuclei, and relatively few mitotic figures; occasional features included spindle cells and scattered enlarged, hyperchromatic or pleomorphic nuclei. Lymphoplasmacytic and eosinophilic inflammatory infiltrate ranged from prominent to slight or absent, and myxoid or hyaline stroma was never more than focal. Epithelioid hemangioma could not be separated from hemangioendothelioma of bone. The single epithelioid hemangioendothelioma for the most part had cords of relatively uniform epithelioid cells in a prominent myxoid stroma but focally demonstrated an angiosarcoma-like appearance, with irregular vascular spaces and marked nuclear pleomorphism. The high-grade angiosarcomas exhibited predominantly irregular vasoformation combined with solid areas, diffuse nuclear hyperchromatism and pleomorphism, and, in 2 cases, numerous mitotic figures (the third case had only a small biopsy and a postradiation amputation specimen). Of the hemangioendotheliomas of bone, 7 were unicentric and 6 were regionally multicentric either concurrently or sequentially. Three patients had intraosseous local recurrence, 2 had discontinuous regional skin or soft tissue involvement (including the popliteal artery in 1), and 1 had a solitary lung metastasis, but none died of tumor. The patient with epithelioid hemangioendothelioma had multicentric tumors in widely separated bones and died with liver and lung metastases. Two of the high-grade angiosarcomas were unicentric, and the third was regionally multicentric, with a popliteal artery-soft tissue component as well. All 3 of these patients died with metastases in various sites.     

Age of puberty: data from the United States of America

In an attempt to determine whether the secular trend toward an earlier onset of puberty has continued over recent decades in the United States of America, published reports concerning the age of attainment of pubertal events have been reviewed. Such reports are very limited and vary in both design and inclusive ages of study subjects. Among females, two recent large cross-sectional studies indicate that fifty percent of females in the United States attain Tanner breast stage 2 at 9.5 to 9.7 years of age. This is younger than previously thought, although adequate earlier studies of girls in the United States are not available for comparison. These two studies also indicate that about 14% of girls attain Tanner stage 2 while 8 years of age; one study extends earlier reporting that about 6% exhibit onset of breast development while 7 years of age. There is no evidence that the age of menarche or the attainment of adult (Tanner 5) breast development has decreased over the past 30 years. The data also suggest an earlier onset of Tanner stage 2 pubic hair but no change in attainment of stage 5. Among males, pubic hair may be appearing at younger ages, but data are inadequate or too inconsistent to allow firm interpretation. The lack of standardization of genital criteria of pubertal onset in the male makes any conclusions regarding secular trends impossible. In summary, earlier secular trends over recent decades related to better health, improved nutrition or socio-economic status, or any putative influence by endocrine disrupters cannot be verified.