藏族士兵的ABO血型分布调查

由于遗传和种族的不同,ABO血型在人群中的分布也不同,笔者检测了从西藏高原应征入伍的237名藏族士兵ABO血型,旨在一方面了解藏族青年血型遗传特征,另外对战争情况下为藏族士兵血源种类的准备提供相关信息。现将结果报告如下。1材料与方法1.1调查对象237例士兵均为世居西藏拉萨、昌都、日喀则、林芝等地的藏族纯血统男性青年。年龄17~23岁。1.2调查方法(1)抗A抗B血型定型试剂(单克隆抗体):长春生物制品研究所生产。抗A抗B效价均>128,亲和力<10秒。(2)检测方法:采用静脉德国试管凝聚法和玻片凝聚法联合检验。先用玻片凝聚法做血型检验,凝…     

沈阳地区急性心肌梗死患者ABO血型分布现状调查

目的观察ABO血型在沈阳地区不同人群中的分布情况,分析ABO血型与急性心肌梗死(AMI)的相关性。方法选取自2017年1月1日至12月31日于北部战区总医院心血管内科行冠状动脉造影及介入治疗的2 894例AMI患者为研究对象,其中,ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)1 608例,非ST段抬高型心肌梗死(NSTEMI)1 286例。搜集所有入选患者的ABO血型信息,分别统计各血型所占比例。同时于血液检验科搜集该时间段就诊于我院的所有患者的血型分布数据,包括全院所有科室行ABO血型化验的住院及门诊患者,共58 301例,将该数据作为全人群对照组。结果对照组ABO血型分布情况与AMI患者人群分布情况相似,B型血所占比例最多,AB型血所占比例最少。AMI患者A型血患者比例略高于O型血,而对照组中A型血比例略低于O型血。AMI患者中,A型血患者所占比例高于对照组,且STEMI亚组所占比例更高;O型血所占比例低于对照组,且STEMI亚组所占比例更低;非O型血比例高于对照组,且STEMI、NSTEMI亚组均高于对照组,STEMI组高于NSTEMI组。结论心肌梗死发病可能与血型分布存在相关性,O型血可作为保护因素,而非O或A型血则作为危险因素,尤其对于STEMI患病人群,可为其临床诊疗提供参考意义。     

腰椎间盘突出症患者ABO血型相关性研究

目的　探讨腰椎间盘突出症 (LDH)的发生与ABO血型抗原分布关系。方法　选择LDH患者 717例,采用血型群体遗传学及血型血清学方法,进行ABO血型表现型及基因频率分布等调查分析。结果　ABO血型分布特征为: (1 )表现型频率顺序为B>A>O>AB。 ( 2 )基因频率顺序为r>q>p。 (3 )r值与汉族人群O型基因频率最高相符。 (4 )民族指数为 0. 874 6。 (5 )患者ABO血型抗原表现型及基因频率均与正常人群无显著性差异 (P>0. 05 )。结论　LDH患者与汉族正常人群ABO血型抗原分布无显著性差异,提示患者发生LDH与ABO血型间无显著相关性关系,血型因素不是重要的LDH易患因素。     

新生儿病理性黄疸的ABO血型相关性研究

目的　研究鲁中南地区汉族人群的新生儿病理性黄疸ABO血型抗原分布状况。方法　采用血型群体遗传学及血型血清学方法 ,选择鲁中南地区汉族新生儿病理性黄疸 2 5 8例 ,进行ABO血型表现型及基因频率分布调查。结果　通过测算分析 ,取得以下主要数据 :( 1 )血型表现型频率顺序B >A >O >AB ,基因频率r>q>p。 ( 2 )新生儿病理性黄疸发生的相对危险率 :B型为 1 3 2 1 7,A型为 1 1 5 61 ,O型为 0 745 7,AB型为 0 3 41 2。结论　新生儿病理性黄疸的ABO血型分布与鲁中南地区汉族人群ABO血型的抗原分布特征存在显著性差异 ,其发病的危险因素之一是具备单一A ,B抗原者 ,而不具备单一A ,B抗原者则为负危险因素。     

7593名部队官兵ABO血型系统抗原分布调查分析

目的　调查部队官兵ABO血型系统抗原分布 ,以建立完善战备血液采供体系。方法　采用血型群体遗传学研究方法 ,选择陆军、空军、第二炮兵等部队官兵 75 93名 ,进行ABO血型表现型及基因频率研究分析。结果　ABO血型表现型频率顺序B >A >O >AB ,基因频率r>q >p,抗原分布O :A :B :AB为 2 9:3 0 :3 1:10 ,民族指数 =0 .973 8。结论　部队官兵ABO血型抗原分布确立 ,对深入开展无偿献血工作和建立完善战备血液采供体系 ,具有重要意义     

鲁中南地区冠心病患者的ABO血型相关性研究

目的研究冠心病(CHD)发生与ABO血型抗原分布关系。方法选择鲁中南地区CHD患者540例,采用血型群体遗传学及血型血清学方法,进行ABO血型表现型及基因频率分布调查统计。结果发生CHD的ABO血型抗原分布与对照组无显著性差异。结论提示发生CHD与患者ABO血型间无显著相关关系,血型因素不是重要的CHD易感因素。     

急性白血病与ABO血型相关性的研究

人类的ABO血型是临床上最为重要的血型系统,ABO血型与疾病之间存在着某些必然的联系[1,2]。上世纪50年代首次报道血型抗原A与胃癌发病相关,60年代已有ABO血型与几种恶性肿瘤相关性的文献报道[3]。90年代以来,ABO血型与疾病关系的探讨日益成为研究的热点。本研究就ABO血型与急性白血病的统计学关联,通过较大样     

肾功能不全患者的ABO血型相关性研究

目的　研究肾功能不全发生与ABO血型抗原分布关系。方法　选择肾功能不全患者 12 5例 ,采用血型群体遗传学及血型血清学方法 ,进行ABO血型表现型及基因频率分布调查统计。结果　发生肾功能不全的ABO血型抗原分布与对照组无显著差异 ,患病几率与ABO血型无显著相关性。结论　提示发生肾功能不全与患者ABO血型间无显著相关性关系 ,血型因素不是重要的肾功能不全易感因素。     

胃癌、肝癌和肺癌与ABO血型相关性研究

目的探讨胃癌、肝癌、肺癌与ABO血型之间的关系。方法应用疾病关联分析方法,对2004-01—2005-12两年间在我院住院的286例恶性肿瘤患者,与同期本地区正常人群5419例ABO血型资料进行对比分析。结果含A抗原(A,AB血型)者患胃癌的危险率较高,B型人患肝癌的危险率较高,而肺癌患者ABO血型与正常人群无显著性差异。结论通过对血型的分析可以窥测恶性肿瘤的遗传倾向,但更应重视对环境因素的控制,以减少发病危险。     

海南岛某地ABO血型与疟疾感染的关系

本文报告海南岛某疟疾流行地区的352例疟疾病人的血型分布,它与本地区811名正常人的血型分布有差异。在正常人群中,O型血较高,但在疟疾病人中,B型血较高,特别在间日疟病人中B型血明显高于其它各型。作者认为,此结果在流行病学上可能有意义。     

Genotyping of ABO blood groups by PCR and RFLP analysis of 5 nucleotide positions

The genotyping of ABO blood groups was performed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The 4 DNA fragments containing the nucleotide position 261, 526, 703 and 796 of cDNA from A-transferase were amplified by PCR, and the amplified DNA subjected to restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. The different nucleotide at position 803 was clearly distinguished by electrophoresis of the PCR products amplified with allele-specific primers. By analyzing the electrophoresis patterns, ABO genotyping was conclusively accomplished. The frequencies of ABO genotypes found in Japanese blood donors with A and B phenotypes were as follows: in the phenotype A group, AA =19.8 % and AO = 80.2%; and in the phenotype B group, BB =12.8% and BO=87.2%.     

PCR在ABO疑难血型鉴定中的应用

ABO血型抗原是人类最主要的血型抗原，ABO疑难血型的鉴定正成为安全输血的一个重要课题。随着ABO血型基因的成功克隆，PCR分型技术的应用，使ABO型别分析达到了更精细的水平。本文对ABO疑难血型的鉴定现状、PCR鉴定的原理和方法进行了综述。随着分子生物学理论和实验技术的进一步发展，PCR方法在鉴定ABO疑难血型方面将有更广泛的应用前景。     

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against tissue specific epitopes on ABO blood group substances in saliva

Summary Mouse monoclonal antibodies (P4-2F, P45C) against ABO blood group substances in saliva were produced by immunization with ABO blood group active-glycoprotein after ethanol precipitation from heated saliva. These antibodies bound to saliva, irrespective of the ABO blood group and secretor status. Saliva diluted at least 3.2 x 10 -fold could be detected by ELISA using these antibodies. Tissue and species specificity of the antibodies was tested by ELISA and counterimmunoelectrophoresis and showed that the antibodies were specific for human saliva. By immunoblotting of the deglycosylated ABO blood group substances it was evident that the epitopes for the antibodies were localized on the core protein of blood group substances in saliva. These antibodies could be extremely suitable reagents for the identification of saliva in medico-legal examinations. Furthermore, they may be used as capture antibodies in sandwich methods for ABO blood grouping of saliva from mixtures of body fluids.     

Genotyping of the ABO blood group system: analysis of nucleotide position 802 by PCR-RFLP and the distribution of ABO genotypes in a German population

Genotypes of the ABO blood group system were studied by PCR-RFLP analysis of the eight polymorphic nucleotide positions (ups) 261, 467, 526, 646, 703, 796, 802 and 803 of the cDNA from A transferase. In 169 unrelated German individuals, 17 genotypes were found and the calculated allele frequencies of A(Pro), A(Leu), B, O(T), O(A) and O² were 0.2130, 0.0770, 0.0473, 0.4260, 0.2160 and 0.0207, respectively. These frequency data may provide useful additional information for disputed paternity and stain testing. A variant O allele, O², was fout at a polymorphic frequency. As the nucleotide (np 261) of the O² allele is the same as that of A and B alleles, the analysis of at least three nucleotide positions, i.e. ups 261, 526 and 802, is necessary to avoid mistyping of the ABO genotype.     

Immunocytochemical typing of ABO blood groups in vaginal swabs partly contaminated with semen

Summary ABE typing by immunocytochemical method has been carried out on 163 selected vaginal swabs. 127 cases (78%) were determined correctly, 11 cases (7%) incorrectly and 25 cases (15%) could not be classified. Often, not all of the vaginal cells showed the expected positive staining, which was not counted as a false result. The incorrect results were not dependant on the secretor status, but 37% of the non-secretor cases could not be classified immunocytochemically, as compared with 12% of the secretors. In a second series, 61 vaginal swabs, dried on microscope slides, have been covered with semen from an A1 B secretor. Absorption of heterologous antigens by the vaginal epithelia could be demonstrated only after extremely long incubation with semen and extremely long incubation with the anti-A or anti-B antibodies. From the 163 native swabs, 17 gave a positive reaction with the acid phosphatase test, but only one false ABH result. A possible influence of bacteria upon the results is discussed. We believe that in practice, no faults in immunocytochemical ABH typing have to be expected, due to absorption of heterologous antigens.Zusammenfassung An 163 ausgewählten Vaginalabstrichen wurde eine ABO Blutgruppenbestimmung immunzytochemisch durchgeführt. In 127 Fällen (78%) wurde zutreffend und in 11 Fällen (7%) falsch bestimmt, während in 25 Fällen (15%) keine Aussage möglich war. Häufig waren nicht alle Zellen eines Abstrichs antigenmarkiert, was nicht als falsch gewertet wurde. Die Fehlerquote hing nicht vom Sekretorstatus ab, allerdings konnten 37% der Nonsekretorfälle gegenüber lediglich 12% der Sekretorfälle nicht klassifiziert werden. 61 weitere Ausstriche wurden mit Sperma eines A₁B Sekretors be netzt. Die Absorption heterologer Antigene durch Vaginalepithel konnte nur nach extrem langer Inkubation mit Sperma und nur nach extrem langer Inkubation mit den anti-A bzw. anti-B Seren nachgewiesen werden. Bei den 163 nativen Abstrichen reagierte der Phosphatasetest 17mal positiv, aber nur in einem dieser Fälle kam es zu einer ABO Fehlbestimmung. Die Möglichkeit bakterieller Störeinflüsse wird diskutiert. In der Praxis dürften Fehlbestimmungen infolge Absorption heterologer ABH Antigene kaum zu erwarten sein.Some of the results were presented at the 12th Congress of the International Society for Forensic Haemogenetics in Vienna, 26. 29. August 1987     

ABO blood grouping of hairs using an Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Complex technique

Summary Fifty-nine hair specimens obtained from human autopsies and volunteers were used for the determination of ABO blood group substances using the ABC (Avidin-Biotin Complex) technique. Positive staining for A, B and H blood group substances was detected only in the medulla of the hairs. Blood group antigens could not be detected in seven hair specimens because they possessed no medulla. Forty-seven specimens obtained from fresh cadavers and volunteers gave the correct results corresponding to the blood group of the donor, but some specimens from individuals of blood group A₂, Le(a+b–) showed weak reaction with anti-A and strong reaction with anti-H. The staining intensity with anti-B and -H in some individuals of blood group AB was stronger than with anti-A serum. Five hair specimens obtained from decomposed bodies were also examined. The blood group antigens could be specifically detected in hairs obtained from two exhumed and one putrid body, but no positive reactions were obtained from two cases of drowning where the bodies had been in the sea for about 6 months. In a blind trial, hair specimens from 28 individuals were also examined. Twenty-two specimens which possessed a medulla gave the correct result. Six specimens gave no result because they possessed no medulla.     

ABO blood grouping of semen from mixed body fluids with monoclonal antibody to tissue-specific epitopes on seminal ABO blood group substance

Summary Practical methods were developed for ABO blood grouping of semen from mixed body fluids. An monoclonal antibody (P6-5H) which recognizes a tissuespecific epitope on a seminal ABO blood group substance (₂-seminoglycoprotein) was used as a solid phase antibody for selective capture of the seminal ABO blood group substance. ABO blood group epitopes of secretor and non-secretor semen were detected in dilutions of 8 x 10₃–3.2 x 10₄ and 8 x 10₃-fold, respectively, by sandwich ELISA. ABO blood group epitopes were also detected in dilutions up to 4 x 10₃-fold, irrespective of secretor status, by the sandwich absorption-elution test.This work was supported by Grant-Aid for Encouragement of Young Scientist 62770406, from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture     

双重血浆置换在ABO血型不合肝移植中的疗效观察

 目的 探讨双重血浆置换在ABO 血型不合肝移植中的治疗效果。方法 20例ABO血型不合的肝移植患者,随机分为双重血浆置换组(治疗组)和对照组,观察两组治疗3周后临床症状、并发症发生情况、肝功能生化指标的变化等,随访治疗后3个月内病情转归情况并分析影响疗效的因素。结果 经过双重血浆置换治疗24 h后,5例患者受体术前血型抗体滴度为1∶32,术后24 h内稳定在1∶8;3例患者受体术前血型抗体滴度为1∶4, 术后7 d内稳定在1∶2;2例患者受体术前1∶16,术后2～3个月开始反弹后又自行下降并稳定在1∶8。根据整体疗效而言,治疗组有效率达80.0%,对照组有效率为40.0%,治疗组明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 双重血浆置换是一种治疗血型不合肝移植有效、可靠的技术手段,使得术后患者的生存质量得到改善。     

Development of an indirect competitive ELISA for the detection of ABO blood group antigens

We developed an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of ABO blood group antigens in human samples; in particular for blood stains. ABO blood group antigens conjugated to polyacrylamide were used for immobilized antigen. ABO blood group antigens were extracted from blood stains using a novel method involving pre-incubation with proteinase K (PK), followed by heat treatment. The extracts (analytes) were combined with either anti-A or -B monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), and added directly to the antigen-coated wells. The anti-A and -B mAbs were captured by either ABO blood group antigens present in the analyte or by the immobilized blood group antigens. Peroxidase-conjugated anti-mouse IgM antibody was used to detect anti-A and -B mAbs complexed with immobilized blood group antigens, and a colorimetric reaction using o-phenylenediamine/H₂O₂ used for its measurement. The ELISA developed in this study was able to detect blood group antigens in blood, saliva and blood stains. The detection limit for unknown blood, saliva and blood stain were determined as 1:200, 1:32 and 1:16. Overall the ABO blood grouping ELISA can be used with relative ease for the high throughput screening of biological samples for the detection of ABO blood group antigens.