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目的探讨前牙断冠残根行固定烤瓷修复的美观与实用性。方法对20例患者80颗前牙在断冠残根行完善的根管治疗后予桩核加烤瓷修复。结果20例患者美学效果均达到Kay牙齿美学分类class Ⅲ-Ⅰ或class Ⅳ-Ⅰ(化妆),患者满意度为100%,实用性为优,跟踪调查无不良反应。结论正确选择保留前牙断冠残根行固定烤瓷修复可达美观和实用性的统一。     

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目的研究Damon3矫治器对正畸患者牙周组织健康的影响。方法选择2008—2010年在昆明医学院附属口腔医院正畸科治疗的安氏Ⅰ类错青少年患者30例,随机分为试验组和对照组,各15例。试验组患者戴用Damon3矫治器,对照组戴用GeminiMBT金属托槽矫治器。戴用矫治器后3、6个月检测牙龈指数(GI)、菌斑指数(PLI)及简化口腔卫生指数(OHI-S),并进行比较分析。结果固定矫治前,试验组与对照组间各牙周指标(GI、PLI、OHI-S)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。戴矫治器后,2组牙周指标均随时间的延长而升高,且试验组在戴矫治器后3、6个月GI、PLI、OHI-S均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与传统结扎式托槽矫治器相比,自锁托槽矫治器更有利于牙周组织健康。     

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目的探讨螺旋CT三维重建技术在埋伏尖牙正畸牵引中的应用价值。方法2006年3月至2007年12月,南京大学医学院附属口腔医院正畸科对12例颌骨内尖牙埋伏阻生患者进行螺旋CT检查、颌面骨三维重建,并与曲面断层X线片进行对比观察。结果CT三维重建能对颌骨内埋伏阻生尖牙准确定位,与颌骨内的实际情况所见完全一致,极大的提高了埋伏尖牙正畸牵引的成功率,有效地缩短了患者的治疗时间,减少了患者的痛苦。结论螺旋CT三维重建影像可以直观地显示埋伏阻生尖牙在颌骨内的生长情况,对上颌骨埋伏阻生尖牙的定位、治疗方案的制定具有重要指导作用。     

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目的测量学龄前儿童乳牙列牙弓及各乳牙近远中径的大小。方法2006年3月至6月获取保定市青年路幼儿园172名学龄前(3.5～6岁)儿童的口腔模型,测量各乳牙的近远中径。结果多数乳牙牙冠宽度存在性别差异,左右侧上颌乳尖牙、第一乳磨牙、第二乳磨牙以及左右侧下颌乳中切牙、左侧下颌第二乳磨牙的牙冠宽度在男女之间存在统计学差异(P<0.01或P<0.05),且均为男性大于女性。左右两侧同名牙的近远中径测量值差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论所得数据为乳牙解剖学研究提供了资料,并为临床修复提供一定的参考价值。     

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目的    评价自锁矫治系统与传统矫治系统矫治中、重度牙列拥挤的疗效。方法    选择2007年12月在大庆油田总医院口腔正畸科就诊的中、重度牙列拥挤患者30例,随机分为自锁组和传统组,每组15例。自锁组采用Clippy自锁托槽系统非拔牙矫治,传统组采用OPA-K传统直丝弓托槽系统拔牙矫治。比较两组的总体疗程、X线头影测量分析、模型分析及问卷调查结果。结果    自锁组总体疗程显著短于传统组。自锁组矫治后U1-SN、L1-MP均明显大于正常牙合,传统组矫治后U1-SN较正常牙合明显减小;自锁组矫治后SNA及SNB与正常牙合比较,差异无统计学意义。而传统组SNA及SNB均明显小于正常牙合。矫治后自锁组上下颌牙弓中、后段宽度及上下颌全牙弓长度增加量显著大于传统组。差异均有统计学意义（均P < 0.05）。矫治1周后自锁组疼痛问卷的得分显著低于传统矫治组。结论    Clippy自锁矫治系统矫治骨性Ⅰ类中、重度牙列拥挤效果优于OPA-K直丝弓系统。     

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??Objective    To investigate whether there is an associasion between the second premolar congenital missing and the cervical skeletal abnormalities by lateral cephalometric panoramic radiographs. Methods    Select 56 patients with second premolar congenital missing as the experimental group??24 male and 32 female??the patients′  age between 14-42??250 patients with no congenital missing teeth??except the third molar??of Class I who had accepted orthodontic treatment as the control group??85 male and 165 female??the patients′  age between 18-36. Record the data of the first four cervical fusion and posterior arch defects by the lateral cephalometricradiographs??and record the premolar congenital missing by panoramic radiographs. The relationship between the abnormal cervical vertebra and the second premolar congenital missing was analyzed by Chi-square test. Results    The occurrence rate of the cervical fusion in experimental group was 58.9%??while in control group it was 13.2%. The occurrence rate in the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group??P < 0.05????the occurrence rate of the posterior arch defects in the experimental group was 5.4%??while in the control group it was 2.8%??there being no significant difference between the two groups??the occurrence rate of the cervical fusion and the posterior arch defects in the experimental group was 3.6%??while in the control group it was 1.2%??there being no significant difference between the two groups Conclusion    There is an obviously increasing occurrence rate of the cervical skeletal abnormalities in patients with the second premolar congenital missing.     

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目的    评价牙周植骨术联合夹板式金属烤瓷联冠修复牙周骨缺损的临床疗效。方法    2008—2009年在新疆医科大学第一附属医院口腔修复科门诊选择患慢性牙周炎伴牙列缺损拟行固定义齿修复的患者15例。应用牙周植骨术联合夹板式金属烤瓷联冠修复基牙牙周骨缺损,随访观察疗效。结果    随访观察6个月,治疗总有效率为93.4%。治疗后6个月的各项牙周指标（PD、CAL、BI）均较治疗前有所改善,治疗前后差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。结论    对于慢性牙周炎伴牙列缺损患者,牙周植骨术联合夹板式金属烤瓷联冠修复基牙牙周骨缺损的近期疗效较佳。     

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目的观察树脂联合方丝支架牙周夹板固定治疗牙周病致下颌前牙松动的临床效果。方法对1995—1996年在大连医科大学附属第一医院口腔科门诊就诊的牙周病致下颌前牙牙齿松动患者138例(828颗患牙),采用树脂联合方丝支架牙周夹板固定进行治疗,观察2、4、8、12年时的临床效果。结果12年后患者的固位、美观、舒适、咀嚼的非常满意度分别为52.17%、47.83%、47.83%、52.17%。结论大多数患者均感树脂联合方丝支架牙周夹板美观舒适,固位稳定性强,咀嚼功能好,基牙健康。     

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目的探讨应用联结式树脂金属牙弓夹板防治下颌骨颏体部骨折内固定术后错位愈合和错畸形的临床疗效。方法对2001年10月至2008年12月福建省建阳市立医院收治的50例下颌骨颏体部骨折患者,随机分为两组,试验组(29例)采用内固定术+联接式树脂金属牙弓夹板固定联合治疗,对照组(21例)采用单纯内固定术治疗,术后3～6个月复查咬合关系和X线片,观察两组患者错位愈合和错畸形的发生情况。结果两组患者术后均无感染,术后3～6个月开口度均大于37mm;咬合关系复查,试验组出现2例错(6.9%),对照组出现8例(38.1%),经卡方检验,两组术后错的发生率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。X线复查,试验组所有患者下颌骨均未见错位愈合、骨愈合不良和假关节形成,对照组1例患者下颌骨出现错位愈合。结论内固定术+联结式树脂金属牙弓夹板固定联合的方式可以有效防治下颌骨颏体部骨折内固定术后错的发生。     

下前牙舌面带固位钉金属背板固定松动牙的疗效观察

目的:评价下前牙舌面带固位钉金属背板对固定牙周病松动牙的疗效。方法:应用下前牙舌面带固位钉的金属背板通过粘接固定牙周病松动牙,记录牙龈指数,出血指数,釉牙骨质界到牙周袋底的距离,数据统计学分析。结果:40例患者术后24个月随访,全部舌面金属背板无松脱,松动牙固位稳定,牙龈指数,牙周附着水平无显著性变化(P>0.05)。结论:该方法操作简便,牙体预备量小,固定效果稳定,能有效阻止侧向力对牙周组织的进一步损伤和牙体移位,能有效恢复前牙咬切功能,满足患者美观需要。牙周附着降至釉牙骨质界下4-5mm时是进行松动牙固定的适宜期。     

Tooth mobility and periodontal Disease

Abstract Tooth mobility (TM) is an important feature of periodontal disease. This is evidenced by the large number of devices and methods of TM assessment that have been developed and tested. TM had been considered and investigated as an indirect measure of the functional condition of the periodontium as well as possible aggravating co-factor for periodontal disease.     

Retrospective study of tooth loss in 92 treated periodontal patients

BACKGROUND/AIMS: In this retrospective study, the efficacy of periodontal therapy and maintenance in preventing tooth loss was evaluated. METHODS: The study included 92 patients with 2310 teeth diagnosed with chronic adult periodontitis and observed over a mean period of 6.7 years, with each patient receiving surgical therapy in two or more quadrants. The group was divided into two subgroups: those who complied with the recommended maintenance schedule and those whose compliance was erratic. Individual tooth prognosis was assigned according to radiographic parameters. RESULTS: At the completion of active periodontal therapy, 2184 teeth were present. During the maintenance period, 44 teeth were lost due to periodontal reasons. Tooth mortality revealed a mean annual adjusted tooth loss rate of 0.07/year. Molars were the teeth most frequently lost; canines the least. The number of teeth lost in the three prognostic categories was: one (0.07%) for teeth with good prognoses, 21 (3.63%) for questionable prognoses and 22 (11.34%) for hopeless prognoses. Patients complying erratically with supportive periodontal therapy were at a 5.6 times greater risk for tooth loss following active therapy than regularly compliant patients. Conclusions: The results demonstrated a low tooth mortality rate in periodontal patients following active treatment combined with a strict maintenance program.     

应用固位钉舌面背板修复牙周病下前牙缺失的临床观察

目的:评价应用带固位钉金属舌面背板修复牙周病所致下前牙缺失的临床效果。方法:缺隙邻牙舌面隆突处开口向下预备平行钉道,铸造带固位钉的金属舌面背板与基牙粘接固位修复下前牙缺失。结果:46例患者随访18个月。全部修复体形态美观,金属舌面背板于基牙固位稳定,未出现松脱病例。金属背板固定修复后观察缺隙邻牙牙周情况,有效为39例,显效为7例,有效率为85%。结论:该方法操作简便,牙体预备量小,修复美观效果好,疗效稳定,对松动下前牙基牙有固定作用并能有效恢复咀嚼功能。     

A study on tooth mobility following periodontal surgery

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quantitative changes in tooth mobility before and after periodontal surgery using a tooth mobility tester. The tester was so designed as to be able to measure the cycle of sympathetic vibrations produced when a tooth was tapped with a impact hammer. Initially the degrees of tooth mobility, which were clinically classified from 0 to 3, were observed and the mode of mobility was assessed by the tester. Then, we examined the changes of tooth mobility after flap surgery. The following is a summary of findings.

Influence of periodontal ligament simulation and splints on strains developing at the cervical area of a tooth crown

Many in vitro tooth models do not incorporate periodontal ligament (PDL) simulation. This study presents the influence of physiologically loaded occlusal splints on cervical strains in a model incorporating roots and PDL. Four sets (N = 10) of occlusal splints differing in material (hard/soft) and location (upper/lower) were prepared for first maxillary and mandibular anatomic molars. Two strain gauges were bonded to the buccal and lingual aspects of the lower molar. Teeth were embedded in acrylic resin with/without a PDL‐simulating material. Force vs. strain data were acquired during loading and the maximal strains at 500 N were analyzed. When PDL was incorporated into the model without splints, buccal compressive strains were significantly decreased. Usage of a soft splint resulted in compressive strains on both tooth aspects. Usage of a hard splint on the lower tooth resulted in higher compressive strains on the lingual side compared with the buccal side, whereas usage of this splint on the upper tooth resulted in tensile strains on the lingual side. Bending towards the buccal side occurred when the splints were located on the upper tooth. Soft splints reduce buccal bending, but do not reduce cervical strains. Periodontal ligament stimulation materials should therefore be incorporated in models involving teeth.     

Periodontal response to orthodontic tooth movement in diabetes‐induced rats with or without periodontal disease

1 Background

Systemic conditions can influence orthodontic tooth movement. This study evaluates histologic periodontal responses to orthodontic tooth movement in diabetes‐induced rats with or without periodontal disease.

2 Methods

Forty Wistar rats were divided according their systemic condition (SC) into diabetic (D) and non‐diabetic (ND) groups. Each group was subdivided into control (C), orthodontic tooth movement (OM), ligature‐induced periodontitis (P) and ligature‐induced periodontitis with orthodontic movement (P+OM) groups. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was induced with alloxan monohydrate, and after 30 days, the P group received a cotton ligature around their first lower molar crown. An orthodontic device was placed in OM and P+OM groups for 7 days, and the animals were then euthanized.

3 Results

Differences in OM between D and ND groups were not significant (6.87± 3.55 mm and 6.81 ± 3.28 mm, respectively), but intragroup analysis revealed statistically significant differences between the P+OM groups for both SCs. Bone loss was greater in the D group (0.16 ± 0.07 mm²) than in the ND group (0.10 ± 0.03 mm²). In intragroup analysis of the D condition, the P+OM group differed statistically from the other groups, while in the ND condition, the P+OM group was different from the C and OM groups. There was a statistically significant difference in bone density between D and ND conditions (18.03 ± 8.09% and 22.53 ± 7.72%) in the C, P, and P+OM groups.

4 Conclusion

DM has deleterious effects on bone density and bone loss in the furcation region. These effects are maximized when associated with ligature‐induced periodontitis with orthodontic movement.