依那普利对32例早期高血压患者心功能的影响

早期高血压患者32例(男23例,女9例;年龄51±7yr)采用依那普利10-40mg/d,治疗4wk。降压有效率75％。并发现早期高血压患者左室收缩功能尚未改变前其舒张功能已受影响,经依那普利治疗4wk后,不论血压是否降低,左室舒张功能均有不同程度的改善。并讨论此变化的机制。     

阿替洛尔与地尔硫Zhuo合用时对老年冠心病病人心率的影响

目的 报告阿替洛尔与地尔硫Zhuo合用时对老年冠心病病人心率的影响。方法 172例老年冠心病病人心室率＞80次/min者给予阿替洛尔与地尔硫Zhuo联合应用。结果 14例造成严重心动过缓、Ⅱ-Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞。结论 老年冠心病病人需要阿替洛尔与地尔硫Zhuo联合应用时，要密切观察心率。     

阿替洛尔用于原发性高血压病的治疗

自1964年lPrichard等报告普萘洛尔(心得安propranoloum)治疗高血压以来,β阻断剂已广泛用于临床,因为β阻断剂降压作用缓和,又有抗心绞痛和抗心律失常作用,对合并有缺血性心脏病、过速性心律失常的高血压病患者尤为适用,而对儿茶酚胺及血浆肾素活性高的年轻人高血压及与情绪波动有关的高血压病人可作为首选。可是,一般的β阻断剂如普萘洛尔等应用除常常引起心动过缓外,还有诱发心衰、影响血脂、糖代谢等副作用,在一定程度上限制其应用。     

尼群地平（98例）与阿替洛尔（92例）治疗老年高血压病的比较

目的：比较尼群地平与阿替洛尔治疗老年高血压病的疗效。方法：老年高血压病人９８例（男性７８例，女性１９例；年龄６４±ｓ９ａ）给予尼群地平１０ｍｇ，ｐｏ，ｔｉｄ，共服１ｍｏ。对照组为同样的病人９２例（男性７７例，女性１５例；年龄６０±９ａ）给予阿替洛尔２５ｍｇ，ｐｏ，ｔｉｄ，共服１ｍｏ。结果：尼群地平组显效６８％，有效２４％，总有效率９２％；阿替洛尔组显效４１％，总有效率９２％；阿替洛尔组显效４１％，     

硝苯地平与阿替洛尔联用治疗高血压病

联用硝苯地平(30-40mg/d)与阿替洛尔(50-100mg/d)治疗中、重度高血压病(舒张压≥14kPa)患者46例(男34例,女12例,年龄54±s 10a),疗程0.5a以上。随访结果表明,治疗总有效率为93％,显效率76％;无明显药物不良反应;血糖、血脂均无异常改变。     

尼群地平（98例）与阿替洛尔（92例）治疗老年高血压病的比较

目的：比较尼群地平与阿替洛尔治疗老年高血压病的疗效。方法：老年高血压病人９８例（男性７９例，女性１９例；年龄６４±ｓ９ａ）给予尼群地平１０ｍｇ，ｐｏ，ｔｉｄ，共服１ｍｏ。对照组为同样的病人９２例（男性７７例，女性１５例；年龄６０±９ａ）给予阿替洛尔２５ｍｇ，ｐｏ，ｔｉｄ，共服１ｍｏ。结果：尼群地平组显效６８％，有效２４％，总有效率９２％；阿替洛尔组显效４１％，有效２６％，，总有效率６７％；２组总有效率差异非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：尼群地平治疗老年高血压病优于阿替洛尔。     

阿替洛尔治疗小儿心脏神经官能症60例临床观察

目的观察阿替洛尔治疗小儿心脏神经官能症的临床疗效,并进行分析。方法选择镇沅县妇幼保健院2008年2月至2010年2月确诊的小儿心脏神经官能症患者120例,随机分为对照组和治疗组。对照组采用常规治疗;治疗组在对照组基础上加用阿替洛尔治疗,比较两组HAMA、HAMD评分变化和临床疗效。结果治疗后,治疗组的HAMA和HAMD评分均显著低于对照组,两组比较具有显著性差异(P<0.05);治疗组的显效率和总有效率均高于对照组,两组比较也具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论阿替洛尔治疗小儿神经官能症疗效可靠,无不良反应。     

心痛定降压对心功能的影响

观察心痛定治疗５６例原发性高血压病患者的血压变化，同时应用阻抗血流图测定ＣＯ、ＳＶ、ＣＩ、ＴＰＲ、ＶＥＴ５项指标在治疗前后的变化。结果：（１）显效（收缩压及舒张压均下降〉３．９８／２．６５ｋＰａ，或恢复正常血压）４３例（７７％），有效（收缩压及舒张压均下降≥２．６５／１．３３ｋＰａ，或接近正常血压）１３例（２３％）；（２）心功能改变，ＣＯ（Ｌ／ｍｉｎ）从３．４７增至３１１，Ｐ值分别为〈０．００１，     

阿替洛尔与地高辛合用控制慢性心房纤颤伴快速心室率23例

本文报告23例慢性心房纤颤患者(男14例,女9例;年龄39±9a)在地高辛控制心率不满意时加用阿替洛尔37.5-75mg/d,比较患者加药前及1wk后的静息心率、运动试验及心功能变化。结果:患者静息及运动心率平均减少19％,24％(P<0.01);心功能改善。副作用轻微。     

Effect of acute administration of propranolol and atenolol on baroreflex function in normal man

Summary The acute administration of the -adrenoceptor antagonists propranolol (80 mg) and atenolol (50 mg) on baroreflex function were investigated in healthy volunteers.Two h after administration both propranolol and atenolol significantly prolonged the supine R-R interval (1126, 1128 ms respectively) compared to placebo (1012 ms); systolic arterial pressure also fell (102.9, 102.0 mm Hg respectively) compared to placebo (112.6 mm Hg). Baroreflex function, assessed using glyceryl trinitrate to deactivate the baroreceptors was unchanged by these drugs compared to placebo. Baroreflex sensitivity (slope of the linear regression line relating R-R interval to systolic blood pressure) using phenylephrine to activate the baroreceptors, was also unchanged (17.2, 17.9 ms/mm Hg respectively) compared to placebo (19.9 ms/mm Hg). However both regression lines were shifted (p<0.05) to the left compared to placebo.     

3种剂量尼群地平治疗轻型原发性高血压病61例

81例轻型高血压病,其中尼群地平(尼)组61例(男51例,女10例,年龄46±10a),分成尼1,2,3组,剂量10,20,30mg/d。阿替洛尔(阿)组20例(男14例,女6例,年龄44±11a),剂量50mg/d。各组均用至4wk后减半量治疗至3mo。治疗4wk后降压幅度各组均有显著下降(P<0.01),其中尼2组优于阿组,P<0.05。经减量至3mo后,尼2,3组血压仍稳定在wk4的有效水平。     

Pharmacokinetics of atenolol in relation to renal function

Summary The pharmacokinetics of atenolol were determined following acute intravenous and chronic oral administration to 20 subjects with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) between 5 and 113 ml/min. Plasma levels in a further 5 patients on haemodialysis were measured after intravenous treatment. The mean half life of elimination increased from 5.9 h in patients with normal renal function to 42.1 h in preuraemic patients (GFR <10 ml/min) following a single i. v. dose. The half life of elimination following chronic oral administration was not significantly different. Mean peak plasma concentrations increased from 540 ng/ml in patients with normal renal function to 1493 ng/ml in preuraemic patients following chronic oral treatment with 100 mg/day. The mean half life of elimination during a single haemodialysis treatment was 4.3 h. In patients with a GFR >30 ml/min the normal daily dose of atenolol should be employed, in patients with a GFR between 10 and 30 ml/min the dose should be reduced by half, and in patients with a GFR <10 ml/min a reduction by three quarters of the normal dose is recommended.     

β阻滞剂阿替洛尔对绵羊急性心肌缺血后心室复极化离散度的影响

AIM: To investigate the effect of β-blockers on spatial dispersion of ventricular repolarization following acute myocardial ischemia. METHODS: Twenty sheep were randomized into control (normal saline, iv) and atenolol (1.5 mg/kg, iv) group. Acute myocardial ischemia was induced by occlusion of the obtuse marginal coronary artery. Unipolar ECG was simultaneously acquired from 64 epicardial sites in both ischemic and non-ischemic regions. Activation-recovery intervals (ARI), an index of ventricular repolarization, was determined from the epicardial ECG. The difference between the longest and shortest ARI was defined as ARI dispersion. RE-SULTS: Ischemic zone in atenolol group was less than that of control group (13 % ± 2 % vs 19 % ± 3 % , P - 0.04). In the control group, pooled ARI dispersion was increased by (18 ± 21), (27 ± 21), and (16 ± 10) ms at 30, 60, and 90 min of coronary artery occlusion respectively (P < 0.01), whereas in the atenolol group, ARI dispersion was only increased by (6 ± 4),     

Pulmonary function study in old age

Summary

A study was carried out in 100 patients aged between 70 and 90 years to investigate pathological and respiratory function changes in old age. Vitalograph and peak flow meter measurements were made, but blood gas analysis was only carried out in 6 patients in view of the technical difficulties. Analysis of the results showed that there was a definite, moderate, restrictive type of defect in pulmonary function in almost all the patients, in those with generalised senile changes as well as in those with a pathological condition. Blood gas analysis showed a minimum degree of alteration in oxygen tension and saturation with normal carbon dioxide tension.     

A comparison of labetalol and prazosin combined with atenolol in non-responders to atenolol plus hydrochlorothiazide in uncomplicated hypertension

Summary After screening two local populations in the northern part of The Netherlands for hypertension, patients with a diastolic pressure (DP) between 95 and 120 mmHg were treated daily either with 50 mg hydrochlorothiazide or 100 mg atenolol. Non-responders were given the combination and if necessary the dose of atenolol was increased to 200 mg. Non-responders to the latter combination were randomized and treated either with 50 mg hydrochlorothiazide and labetalol or with 50 mg hydrochlorothiazide, 200 mg atenolol and prazosin. If after 1 month a DP90 mmHg had been reached the patient was reassessed after a further 3 months. If a DP>90 mmHg was found the dose of labetalol or prazosin was increased and the patient was re-examined after 1 month.This protocol was followed until the maximum dose was reached or adverse reactions prevented a further increase in dosage.During 6 months of treatment there was a further drop in systolic and diastolic blood pressures under both regimens of, respectively, 8.6 and 2.4 mmHg for labetalol, and 7.7 and 5.0 mmHg for the prazosin group. At the end of the period the average daily doses of labetalol and prazosin were 1256 mg and 4.3 mg, respectively. There was no significant difference in the average number of complaints between the labetalol and the prazosin group.     

绞股蓝皂甙和人参皂甙对犬心脏血流动力学作用的比较

麻醉开胸犬,左心室和股动脉插管用压力换能器测左心室内压和血压;电磁流量计测心输出量、冠状窦和颈内动脉血流量;多道生理记录仪记录各项指标.iv绞股蓝皂甙5或10 mg/kg和人参皂甙10mg/kg能明显降低犬血压和总外周阻力、脑血管与冠状血管阻力,增加冠脉流量,减慢心率,使心脏张力-时间指数下降,对心肌收缩性能和心脏泵血功能无明显影响.与等剂量人参皂甙比较,绞股蓝皂甙的作用略强.