黄芪苷升高白细胞及抗应激作用的研究

膜荚黄芪苷Ⅰ(ASI)6mg/kg及绵毛黄芪苷(SK)3mg/kg 连续灌胃能对抗环磷酰胺、(60)~Co-γ射线所致的小鼠白细胞减少,对氢化可的松所致小鼠淋巴细胞减少、脾脏重量减轻均有明显的改善作用。说明黄芪苷是中药黄芪中调节机体免疫功能的成分之一。此外,ASI 100mg/kg或 SK 50mg/kg 分两次灌胃可明显降低小鼠耗氧量。同量口服可提高小鼠对高温或低温的耐受力,ASI 12mg/kg,SN6mg/kg 连续灌胃可提高小鼠游泳耐力,SK100mg/kg,腹腔注射,并可使大鼠肾上腺内 VtiC 含量明显上升。     

黄芪皂甙对小鼠脾细胞抗瘤活性的影响

目的 :研究黄芪皂甙对小鼠脾细胞抗瘤活性的影响。方法 :从蒙古黄芪中提取黄芪皂甙 (AS) ,在小鼠脾细胞培养过程中 ,分别或同时添加不同剂量的 AS,PHA和 Con A。使用 MTT法测定小鼠脾细胞活性及其抗瘤活性。结果 :AS(1～ 40μg/ml)对小鼠脾细胞活性有刺激作用且呈剂量依赖性 ,但 AS(16 0μg/ml)则转为抑制作用。 AS(1～ 40μg/ml)可以增强亚适剂量 Con A(0 .5μg/ml)对脾细胞的刺激作用并且能增强 PHA或 Con A诱导的脾细胞的抗瘤活性。结论 :AS(1～ 40μg/ml)具有刺激脾细胞活性以及增强PHA或 Con A诱导的脾细胞抗瘤活性的作用     

人参茎叶总甙耐窒息性缺氧的实验研究

本实验对麻醉大白鼠行气管内插管,人为关闭气管插管,造成窒息,以此缺氧的动物摸型.观察药物的作用。人参茎叶总甙(GSL)100mg/kg静脉注射,提高大白鼠抗窒息性脑缺氧能力,能促进皮层脑电与呼吸正常节律的恢复。与盐水对照组比较差异显著。GSL50mg/kg并未显示此作用。     

人参茎叶总甙耐窒息性缺氧的实验研究

本实验对麻醉大白鼠行气管内插管，人为关闭气管插管，造成窒息，以此缺氧的动物模型，观察药物的作用。人参茎叶总甙（GSL）100mg/kg静脉注射，提高大白鼠抗窒息性脑缺氧能力，能促进皮层脑电与呼吸正常节律的恢复。与盐水对照组比较差异显著。GSL50mg/kg并未显示此作用。     

黄芪多糖和黄芪总甙调控LX-2细胞因子分泌

目的:用黄芪多糖和黄芪总甙对LX-2细胞分泌的与纤维化相关的主要细胞因子进行研究,以探讨黄芪抗纤维化的确切分子机制。方法:不同浓度的黄芪多糖和黄芪甙作用于LX-2细胞,以Real Time Cell Electronics Sensing技术实时检测细胞增殖状态;分别再以25μg/ml和300μg/ml的黄芪多糖和黄芪总甙作用LX-2细胞24 h,提取细胞mRNA,以荧光定量PCR测定转化生长因子1(TGF-β1)、肝细胞生长因子(HGF)、基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP2)及基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP9)mRNA的变化。结果:300μg/ml的黄芪多糖可抑制LX-2的增殖(P<0.05,94.7 h),但不同浓度的黄芪总甙对LX-2细胞均有促进增殖的作用(P<0.05);25μg/ml的黄芪多糖和黄芪总甙在TGF-β1促进分泌的同时,也上调其它抗纤维化因子,其中黄芪多糖对MMP2的上调(104.9倍)、黄芪总甙对IL-10的上调(550.65倍)最为显著;300μg/ml的黄芪多糖可抑制TGF-β1及HGF、MMP9、IL-10的表达,但仍然上调MMP2的表达,300μg/ml的黄芪总甙也可抑制TGF-β1的表达,但对抗纤维化因子MMP2、MMP9及IL-10仍有明显的上调作用。结论:低浓度(25μg/ml)和高浓度(300μg/ml)的黄芪多糖和黄芪总甙可通过不同的分子机制调控肝星状细胞因子的分泌而发挥抗纤维化作用;黄芪多糖主要以促进MMP2分泌为主,而黄芪总甙则主要通过上调MMP2、MMP9及IL-10的分泌而发挥作用。高剂量的黄芪多糖和总甙抗纤维化效果优于低剂量组。     

绵毛黄芪苷和苦玄参苷的中枢抑制作用

报道了绵毛黄芪苷(SK)及其同类结构苦玄参苷(PIA)给予昆明种式BLC_(57)/1小鼠50mg/kg腹腔注射能明显延长硫贲妥钠的睡眠时间,用扭体法或热板法证实同量SK或PIA静脉注射能产生明显的镇痛作用。用格斗试验证实:同量SK或PIA腹腔注射可使小鼠格斗试验次数明显减少。提示两种苷可能具有中枢镇静、镇痛和安定作用;此类中枢抑制作用说明四环三萜皂苷类具有药用价值的前景。     

绞股蓝总甙与乙酰水杨酸对血小板聚集和血栓形成的影响

目的观察绞股蓝总甙(Gypenosides,GP)与乙酰水杨酸(Acetylsalicylic acid,ASA)对血小板聚集和血栓形成的影响。方法采用比浊法测定血小板聚集率和用血栓法测定血栓湿重。结果体内给药40mg、80mg、160mg/kg可明显抑制ADP诱导的大白鼠血小板聚集,并呈剂量信赖性地减轻血栓的重量,同时GP 60mg/kg可明显延长小白鼠尾动脉出血时间。结论GP具有对抗血小板聚集诱导剂引起的血栓形成作用。     

丝瓜藤醇提取物抗炎和抗过敏作用的研究

目的 观察丝瓜藤醇提物（Luf-ext)对过敏反应及急性炎症的影响,为其临床治疗过敏性鼻炎提供药理学依据。方法 采用大鼠同种被动皮肤过敏反应（PCA）和小鼠耳异种PCA作为1型变态反应模型,小鼠Arthus反应和绵羊红细胞所致迟发型变态反应（SRBC－DTH）分别作为Ⅲ,Ⅳ变态反应模型,并应用磷酸组胺及二甲苯诱导急性炎症模型。结果 Luf-ext 100,300mg/kg连续ig给药3d,显著抑制大鼠PCA;300,500mg/kg连续ig给药3d,明显抑制小鼠耳异种PCA;同时Luf-ext 100mg/kg对小鼠Arthus反应也呈显著抑制作用;100,300,500mg/kg可明显抑制SRBC－DTH,并对抗组胺引起的小鼠皮肤毛细血管通透性的升高及二甲苯所致的耳廓肿胀。结论 Luf-ext具有明显抗炎和抗过敏作用。     

大黄的生化学研究ⅩⅩⅪ.波叶大黄多糖对免疫功能的促进作用

从波叶大黄中提取、分离得到波叶大黄多糖(Rheum hotaoense polysaccharide, RHP),ig RHP 100和200 mg/kg能明显增加小鼠脾脏和胸腺重量,与对照组相比,脾指数分别增加30%和38%,200 mg/kg的剂量使胸腺指数增加25%;能促进小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能,吞噬百分数分别比对照组增加38%和61%。200 mg/kg的剂量可使吞噬指数增加155%;能促进小鼠碳粒廓清速率,K值分别比对照组增加48%和217%;能促进SRBC致敏小鼠血清溶血素形成,HC_(50)分别比对照组增加11%和57%;能促进小鼠抗体形成细胞的生成,QHS分别比对照组增加63%和126%。RHP还可明显促进受ConA诱导的小鼠脾淋巴细胞DNA的合成,最适浓度为20μg/ml,刺激指数为1.61;对ConA活化的脾淋巴细胞蛋白质合成也有明显促进作用,刺激指数为1.56;对ConA诱导的淋巴细胞IL-2产生有明显增强作用。     

大黄的生化学研究ⅩⅩⅪ.波叶大黄多糖对免疫功能的促进作用

从波叶大黄中提取、分离得到波叶大黄多糖(Rheum hotaoense polysaccharide, RHP),ig RHP 100和200 mg/kg能明显增加小鼠脾脏和胸腺重量,与对照组相比,脾指数分别增加30%和38%,200 mg/kg的剂量使胸腺指数增加25%;能促进小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能,吞噬百分数分别比对照组增加38%和61%。200 mg/kg的剂量可使吞噬指数增加155%;能促进小鼠碳粒廓清速率,K值分别比对照组增加48%和217%;能促进SRBC致敏小鼠血清溶血素形成,HC_(50)分别比对照组增加11%和57%;能促进小鼠抗体形成细胞的生成,QHS分别比对照组增加63%和126%。RHP还可明显促进受ConA诱导的小鼠脾淋巴细胞DNA的合成,最适浓度为20μg/ml,刺激指数为1.61;对ConA活化的脾淋巴细胞蛋白质合成也有明显促进作用,刺激指数为1.56;对ConA诱导的淋巴细胞IL-2产生有明显增强作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.