Pediatric martial arts injuries presenting to Emergency Departments, United States 1990-2003.

Although an estimated 6.5 million United States (US) children aged 6-17 practiced a martial art in 2004, there have been no nationally representative studies comparing pediatric injuries among the three most popular disciplines, karate, taekwondo, and judo. Describe pediatric martial arts injuries presenting to a representative sample of US Emergency Departments (EDs) from 1990 to 2003. We reviewed all martial arts injuries captured by the US Consumer Product Safety Commission's (CPSC), National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS). An estimated 128,400 children 相似文献   

Epidemiology of lacrosse injuries treated at the United States emergency departments between 1997 and 2015

ABSTRACT

Lacrosse has gained substantial popularity across age groups in the past few decades, but epidemiologic sex differences of lacrosse injuries in emergency settings have not been well described. We characterized and described lacrosse-related injuries presenting to United States Emergency Departments (US EDs) using data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS). From 1997 to 2015, 7,587 lacrosse-related injuries were treated at US EDs (national estimate of 256,358 injuries). Males accounted for 75.5% of injuries. Average age was 16.0 ± 5.0 (range 5–71) years. Sprains/strains (25.4%), contusions/abrasions (23.9%), and fractures (18.7%) were the most common diagnoses. Females sustained a higher proportion of sprains/strains (36.0%) than males (21.9%) (p< 0.01), while males sustained a higher proportion of fractures (injury proportion ratios [IPR]; 21.3% vs. 10.8%, p< 0.01). Similar proportions of concussions were observed (IPR; 6.1% in males, 6.2% among females). Differences in injury patterns may be secondary to differences in rules and equipment between the two sports.     

Pediatric hand injuries: essentials you need to know

The hand is a common site of injury in children and adolescents. The most common mechanism of injury in younger children is crush injury resulting from the hand caught in a closing door while most fractures in teenagers result from recreational sports. Accurate diagnosis of hand fractures is a requisite for timely management of these injuries in order to restore normal function and achieve a satisfactory outcome since poorly treated injuries can have significant functional consequences. Metacarpal and phalangeal fractures can be difficult to diagnose at radiography due to their relatively small size leading to potential delays in treatment. Recognition of common fracture locations and patterns is essential in ensuring prompt and appropriate treatment.     

The public health impact of injury during sport and active recreation

Injuries can be an adverse outcome of participation in sport and recreational activities. The aim of this study was to determine the public health impact of injury during sports and active recreation injury in a select population in Australia. A random household telephone survey was conducted quarterly over a 12-month period in a well-defined geographic region, the Latrobe Valley, Australia. Information was collected on participation in sport and active recreation and associated injuries over the previous 2 weeks for all household members aged over 4 years. Injury rates were calculated per 10,000 population and per 1000 sports participants. Data were collected on 1084 persons from 417 households. Overall, 648 people reported participating in at least one sport or active recreation and 34 (5.2%, 95% CI: 4.8, 5.6%) of these sustained an injury during this activity. Overall, 51.4% of injured cases had a significant impact: 26.5% sought treatment, 34.4% had their activities of daily living adversely affected and 36.0% had their performance/participation limited. Cricket (51 injuries/10,000 population), horse riding (29/10,000 population) and basketball (25/10,000 population) had the highest injury rates. After adjusting for participation, cricket (242 injuries/1000 participants), horse riding (122/1000 participants) and soccer (107/1000 participants) had the highest injury rates. Cricket and soccer were the sports most associated with ‘significant’ injuries. Injury prevention efforts should be aimed at team ball sports (especially cricket, soccer and netball) because of their comparatively high rate of both overall and ‘significant’ injury.     

Epidemiology of boxing-related upper extremity injuries in the United States

Objective: The incidence of boxing-related upper-extremity (UE) injuries in the United States has not been well characterized. Recent rule changes have been made to make participation safer for athletes, although the consequences of such rule changes on injury rates is unclear. Therefore, we sought to determine the incidence, characteristics, and trends of boxing-related UE injuries.

Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) was queried for the years 2012–2016. All UE injuries related to boxing from 2012 to 2016 that occurred during organized boxing participation were selected. Examined variables included injured body party, injury diagnosis, patient age, and sex. Annual injury incidence rates by body part and diagnosis were calculated.

Results: The mean incidence of boxing-related UE injuries from 2012 to 2016 was 673 injuries (95% CI 537–809) per 100,000 person-years, with hand fractures being the most common injury (132 (95% CI 130–135) per 100,000 person-years). The incidence of UE injury significantly declined from 865 (95% CI 846–884) per 100,000 person-years in 2012 to 656 (95% CI 642–671) per 100,000 person-years in 2016 (p < 0.01). Injuries to the hand exhibited the largest decrease, declining by 33%. The majority of boxers sustaining UE injuries were male (84.4%) and between the ages of 20–39 (59.9%).

Conclusions: Injuries to the UE due to participation in boxing accounted for thousands of emergency department visits in the United States annually, with males younger than 20 years of age, most susceptible to injury. Injuries to the hand, wrist and shoulder occurred at the highest rate. Finally, following rule changes made by sanctioning organizations in 2013, a significant decline in boxing-related UE injuries were observed.     

Injury Patterns in Youth Sports

In brief: Millions of US children participate in recreational activities, organized youth leagues, and interscholastic sports programs. Although they enjoy and obtain health benefits from these activities, 3% to 11% of these children are injured while participating in sports programs each year. Epidemiologic studies show that different sports pose different types and degrees of risk and that injuries among children differ from those among adolescents. An awareness of injury patterns in youth sports helps physicians and others who care for children to identify variables associated with injury. Measures must be taken in all youth sports programs to modify such variables in an effort to prevent injuries.     

学龄前儿童意外伤害流行病学特征和防范研究

目的探讨学龄前儿童意外伤害流行病学特征和儿童创伤的防范措施。方法收集我院自2010年1～12月收治的2 198例学龄前儿童意外伤害病例资料,回顾分析其致伤原因及临床流行病学特征,探讨其伤情特点和防范措施。结果 2 198例受伤学龄前患儿中,最易发生伤害年龄在1～3岁年龄组(53.28%),明显高于其他年龄组(P<0.05);坠落、跌倒及交通事故所致创伤是儿童意外伤害的主要类型;主要在家中(42.32%)和幼儿园(35.17%)发生;暑期发生率高于其它月份(P<0.05)。结论学龄前儿童意外伤害有其自身的流行病学特征,加强看护和安全教育,政府立法和全社会共同参与,是预防儿童创伤发生的重要措施。     

Sport and active recreation injuries in Australia: evidence from emergency department presentations

OBJECTIVE: Despite the rise in specialist clinical services for the management of sports and active recreation injury, many patients attend hospital emergency departments for treatment. The purpose of this study was to describe sports injury cases presented to selected hospital emergency departments around Australia for the period 1989-1993. METHODS: Routinely collected emergency department injury presentation data from the Australian National Injury Surveillance Unit were examined. Data on 98,040 sports and active recreation emergency department presentations were analysed. Sports and active recreation activities were ranked according to frequency of presentation. Relative proportions of injury type and body region injured were determined. Data are presented separately for children (<15 years of age) and adults (>15 years of age). RESULTS: Among the 10 activities that most commonly led to a sports or active recreation injury presentation for all ages were cycling, Australian football, basketball, soccer, cricket, netball, and rugby. For children, injuries were also commonly associated with roller skating/blading, skateboarding, and trampolining. Hockey, martial arts, and dancing injuries were frequent in adults. Most sporting injuries occurred during organised competition or practice whereas the active recreation injuries occurred in a variety of settings. Fractures, strains, and sprains, particularly to the lower and upper extremities, were common types of injury. CONCLUSION: The rich, but nevertheless limited, information available about sports and active recreation injuries from data collected in emergency departments indicates that these activities are a common context for injury at the community level in Australia.


     

Sport, age, and sex specific incidence of sports injuries in Western Australia

OBJECTIVE: To describe the trends in recreational sports injury in Perth, Western Australia. DESIGN: A prospective cohort study of sports injuries during the 1997 winter season (May to September). SETTING: Sample of Australian football, field hockey, basketball, and netball players from the Perth metropolitan area, Western Australia. METHODS: A cohort of sports participants was followed over the five month winter sports season. Before the season, participants completed a baseline questionnaire and during the season were interviewed every four weeks by telephone. RESULTS: Overall, 92% of participants (n = 1391) who completed a baseline questionnaire completed at least one follow up telephone interview. About half (51%) of the cohort sustained one or more injuries during the winter season accounting for a total of 1034 injuries. Most injuries were of moderate (58%, n = 598) or minor (40%, n = 412) severity, with only 3% (n = 24) requiring emergency department treatment or a hospital stay. The injury incidence rate was greatest for football (20.3/1000 hours of participation), similar for field hockey and basketball (15.2/1000 hours and 15.1/1000 hours respectively), and lowest for netball (12.1/1000 hours). The incidence of injury was greatest in the first four weeks of the season, and participants aged between 26 and 30 years had about a 55% greater risk of injury than those aged less than 18 years. CONCLUSIONS: This is one of the first studies to show that recreational sports are safe. Although the likelihood of injury was greatest in the first month of the season, few injuries required admission to hospital or emergency department treatment. A greater emphasis on prevention in the early part of the season should help to reduce the elevated incidence of injury found at this time.     

Physical training and exercise-related injuries. Surveillance, research and injury prevention in military populations

Athletes and soldiers must both develop and maintain high levels of physical fitness for the physically demanding tasks they perform; however, the routine physical activity necessary to achieve and sustain fitness can result in training-related injuries. This article reviews data from a systematic injury control programme developed by the US Army. Injury control requires 5 major steps: (i) surveillance to determine the size of the injury problem; (ii) studies to determine causes and risk factors for these injuries; (iii) studies to ascertain whether proposed interventions actually reduce injuries; (iv) implementation of effective interventions; and (v) monitoring to see whether interventions retain their effectiveness. Medical surveillance data from the US Army indicate that unintentional (accidental) injuries cause about 50% of deaths, 50% of disabilities, 30% of hospitalisations and 40 to 60% of outpatient visits. Epidemiological surveys show that the cumulative incidence of injuries (requiring an outpatient visit) in the 8 weeks of US Army basic training is about 25% for men and 55% for women; incidence rates for operational infantry, special forces and ranger units are about 10 to 12 injuries/100 soldier-months. Of the limited-duty days accrued by trainees and infantry soldiers who were treated in outpatient clinics, 80 to 90% were the result of training-related injuries. US Army studies document a number of potentially modifiable risk factors for these injuries, which include high amounts of running, low levels of physical fitness, high and low levels of flexibility, sedentary lifestyle and tobacco use, amongst others. Studies directed at interventions showed that limiting running distance can reduce the risk for stress fractures, that the use of ankle braces can reduce the likelihood of ankle sprains during airborne operations and that the use of shock-absorbing insoles does not reduce stress fractures during training. The US Army continues to develop a comprehensive injury prevention programme encompassing surveillance, research, programme implementation and monitoring. The findings from this programme, and the general principles of injury control therein, have a wide application in civilian sports and exercise programmes.     

The Harstad injury prevention study: the epidemiology of sports injuries. An 8 year study.

OBJECTIVE--To describe the epidemiology of sports injuries occurring in a community during 8 years and to evaluate the outcome of an intervention implemented against injuries occurring in downhill skiing. METHODS--Hospital treated sports injuries occurring in Harstad, Norway (population 22 600) were recorded prospectively during an 8 year period. A prevention programme targeting downhill skiing injuries was evaluated. RESULTS--2234 sports injuries accounted for 17.2% of recorded unintentional injuries. Two out of three injuries occurred in team sports. Soccer accounted for 44.8% of all sports injuries. Downhill skiing injuries had higher mean score on the abbreviated injury scale than all other sports analysed combined (P < 0.01). Postintervention injury rates for downhill skiing were reduced by 15% when adjusting for exposure (P = 0.24). Further observations are needed for assessing the effectiveness of the downhill skiing safety programme. CONCLUSIONS--Strategies for future sports injury prevention include community involvement, particularly sports organisations. Local data analysis seems to justify some priorities, for example, promotion of helmet use in downhill skiing for young adolescents and prevention of lower limb fractures in male soccer players 15+ years old. Prospective hospital recording of injuries provides a tool for the design and outcome evaluation of sports injury intervention research.     

儿童意外伤害的临床流行病学特征分析

目的 分析≤14岁儿童意外伤害住院特征及影响因素,为儿童伤害的预防控制提供科学依据.方法采用国际疾病分类标准ICD-10,对本院2009年1-12月收治的因意外伤害住院的≤14岁儿童患者的临床流行病学特征进行回顾性分析,探讨儿童伤害住院预后的影响因素.结果 本组共3011例,男童1991例(66.12%),女童1020...     

Fatal unintentional injuries among young children – A hospital based retrospective analysis

Unintentional (accidental) injuries in childhood constitute a significant public health problem. Young children are extremely vulnerable to unintentional injuries that are vastly preventable. All cases of fatal unintentional injuries in children aged 10 years and below autopsied during 1994–2007 were retrospectively reviewed. Seventy five such cases were identified during the 14 year study period. Males accounted for 68% of cases with a male–female ratio of 2.1:1. Mean age of male and female victims was 5.3 and 4.9 years, respectively. Road traffic fatalities accounted for majority of the cases in this age group (52%), followed by those due to thermal injuries (22.7%). Flame was the cause of thermal injuries in 52.9% cases and scalds were observed in 47.1% cases. Traffic fatalities, fall and drowning were more common in school age children while toddlers and pre-school age children were relatively at a greater risk from domestic accidents (thermal injuries and poisoning). The most frequent victims of road traffic incidents were pedestrians (64.1%). Head injuries alone were the cause of fatalities in the majority of road traffic incidents (82.1%). The study highlights on the pattern of fatalities due to unintentional injuries among young children. To reduce the burden of unintentional childhood mortalities in this region, priorities for school age children are traffic injuries and for toddlers and pre-school children, thermal injuries.     

Pilot study of the epidemiology of sports injuries and exercise-related morbidity.

In the pilot phase of a national study of the incidence of exercise-related morbidity (ERM), funded by the Sports Council, a questionnaire about recent participation in 'active sports and other recreational activities involving vigorous physical exercise' and associated injuries or illnesses was sent to a sample of 6744 people aged 16 to 65 years in two areas. Interviews with 101 respondents were held to validate the questions. Return rates of 73 and 81% from the two areas were achieved and results from the interviews indicated that sports and injuries were being reported sufficiently accurately on the postal questionnaires to yield reliable information. Of the 4961 usable returns, a total of 1249 respondents (25%) reported taking part in some activity in the 4 weeks before completing the questionnaire, and 137 (3%) reported 158 injury incidents. Nearly half (76, 48%) of these incidents resulted in some restriction in activity, and 21 resulted in some restriction in activity, and 21 resulted in a visit to a hospital casualty department. It is estimated that nationally 1-1.5 million episodes of ERM result annually in attendance at a hospital casualty department, and 4-5 million episodes of ERM result in some, usually temporary, incapacity.     

Disproportionate Use in Minor Trauma Is Driving Emergency Department Cervical Spine Imaging: An Injury Severity Score–Based Analysis

PurposeClinical practice guidelines intended to reduce unnecessary cervical spine imaging have yielded mixed results. We aimed to assess evolving emergency department (ED) cervical spine imaging utilization in patients with trauma by injury severity.MethodsUsing 2009 to 2018 IBM MarketScan Commercial Databases, we identified ED trauma encounters, associated cervical spine imaging, and related diagnosis codes. We classified encounters by injury severity (minor, intermediate, major) using an International Classification of Disease code-derived Injury Severity Score algorithm and studied evolving imaging utilization using multivariable Poisson regression models.ResultsOf all 11,346,684 ED visits for trauma, 7,753,914 (68.3%), 3,524,250 (31.1%), and 68,520 (0.6%) involved minor, intermediate, and major injuries, respectively. Overall cervical spine imaging increased 5.7% annually (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 1.057, P < .001) with radiography decreasing 2.7% annually (IRR 0.973, P < .001) and CT increasing 10.5% annually (IRR 1.105, P < .001). Radiography utilization remained unchanged for minor injuries (IRR 0.994, P = .14) but decreased for intermediate (IRR 0.928 versus minor, P < .001) and major (IRR 0.931 versus minor, P < .001) injuries. Increases in CT utilization were greatest for minor injuries (IRR 1.109, P < .001) with smaller increases in intermediate (IRR 0.960 versus minor, P < .001) and major (IRR 0.987 versus minor, P = .022) injuries.ConclusionsRecent increases in cervical spine imaging in commercially insured patients with trauma seen in the ED have been largely related to increases in CT for patients with only minor injuries, in whom imaging utilization has been historically low. Further study is necessary to assess appropriateness, implications on costs and population radiation dose, and factors influencing ordering decision making.     

Acute sports injuries in Oslo: a one-year study

All sport injuries treated at the Emergency Department, Ullevål Hospital in Oslo (OKL) were registered for one year. They accounted for 6.3% of the total number of patients treated at OKL in that period. 4673 patients were seen; 3292 males and 1381 females. The women were younger than the men, 55% were below 20 years of age; 41% of the males (p less than 0.05). Most of the men (64%) were injured in connection with competitive sports, but 52% of the women sustained their injury pursuing recreational sports. Football and skiing accounted for 49% of the total number of injuries. In males football caused most injuries--35%. In females handball accounted for most injuries--18%. Nearly 3/4 of the injuries affected the extremities; the most common injury being the ankle sprain (16%). Almost 1/4 of the patients had a fracture, and 218 patients (4.7%) were admitted to hospital, the rest being treated as outpatients. In all, the sports injuries required 7658 consultations.     

Injuries in competitive youth bandy: an epidemiological study of a league season

PURPOSE: Bandy, with a century-long tradition in northern Europe, is a winter team-sport similar to ice hockey. To investigate the occurrence of injuries during competitive youth bandy games, injury incidence, injury types, and age-related risks were analyzed for one youth league season. METHODS: The National Athletic Injury/Illness Reporting System (NAIRS) definition of sports injury was used for the injury registration. All 416 games during the 1999-2000 season in the Swedish southeastern youth bandy league were included in the study. Primary data was collected by a questionnaire and completed by the team coaches after each game. At the end of the season, physician interviews with each team coach were performed to assure that no injuries had been missed as well as to ascertain whether there was any remaining disability. RESULTS: In total, 2.0 injuries (95% confidence interval 1.2-2.9 injuries) per 1000 player game hours were recorded. Sixty-eight percent of the injuries caused the injured player to be absent from bandy play for more than a week. Collision was the most common cause of injury (36%), and contusion was the most common injury type (41%). The injury incidence in the leagues for older players (Youth 14 -Youth 16) was slightly higher than in the leagues for the younger players (Youth 12 -Youth 13), while participation by under-aged players in games organized for older players led to an almost four-fold increase of injury risk. For severe injuries, the mean rehabilitation time away from bandy practice or competition was 27 d (range 8-56 d). CONCLUSION: The overall injury incidence during youth bandy games is low, but the injuries that occur cause extensive absences from the only four months long bandy season. From a public health perspective, bandy can be recommended for consideration when physical exercise is to be promoted among school-age children in countries with a winter climate.