Risk Factor for Additional Intravenous Medication during Transforaminal Full-endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy under Local Anesthesia

Transforaminal full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy (TELD) can be performed under local anesthesia. However, there have been no reports on risk factors for a change in vital signs or the need for additional medications to maintain adequate analgesia during this procedure. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for additional intravenous medication during TELD under local anesthesia. The following factors were retrospectively evaluated in 113 consecutive patients who underwent TELD under local anesthesia at our institution: demographic characteristics, radiological features at the intervertebral disc level, distance between the superior articular process and the exiting nerve root, height of the intervertebral disc, height of the bulging disc, height of the intervertebral foramen, and distance from the insertion site to the spinous process on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scans of the lumbar spine. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine factors associated with the need for additional drugs. In all, 23 cases (20.4%) required additional intraoperative medications because of hypertension, hypotension, bradycardia, or pain. Logistic regression analysis revealed that age (partial regression coefficient 0.05, p = 0.02) and bulging disc height (partial regression coefficient −0.7, p = 0.003) influenced the need for additional drugs. There were significant associations of need for additional intravenous medication with older age (>62 years) and a smaller bulging disc height (<8.2 mm). Patients with these factors require close monitoring for changes in vital signs or increasing pain when performing TELD under local anesthesia and may need additional intravenous medication.     

Return to Sport and Work Following Distal Femoral Varus Osteotomy: A Systematic Review

Background: Distal femoral varus osteotomy (DFVO) is an effective surgical intervention for the management of symptomatic valgus malalignment of the knee. Because it preserves the native knee joint and its ligamentous stability, DFVO is preferred to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in the young, active population. Purpose: We sought to assess return to work (RTW) and return to sport (RTS) rates following DFVO for valgus malalignment of the knee. Methods: For this systematic review, we searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Web of Science from inception through December 31, 2020. English language studies of all levels of evidence explicitly reporting on RTS and RTW rates following DFVO for valgus malalignment of the knee were eligible for inclusion. Results: Seven studies and 127 patients were included in our analysis. Mean age was 32.4 ± 8.8 years with men comprising 46.7% ± 22.3% of study populations. The mean RTS rate was 87.2% ± 10.7%, with a return to preoperative activity levels rate of 65.4% ± 26.8%. The mean RTW rate was 81.8% ± 23.3%, with a return to preoperative activity levels of 72.8% ± 18.1%. The mean reoperation rate was 35.6% ± 18.8% within a mean follow-up period of 5.5 ± 1.9 years. Conclusions: This systematic review of low-level studies found DFVO to be a safe and effective procedure for the management of genu valgum in young, active populations, with most patients returning to sport and/or work, although not all at their preoperative activity levels. A paucity of data surrounds RTS and RTW rates following DFVO. Future studies should explicitly report both return to activity rates and whether patients returned to their preoperative activity levels.     

Impairment and Return to Work after Intra-Articular Fractures of the Calcaneus

Intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus typically occur in individuals working on ladders, scaffolding or roofs. Male individuals in their productive age are most at risk. The functional problems that frequently persist are a well-known risk since they may obstruct a safe resumption of the former job. According to the data of the National Institute for Sickness and Invalidity Insurance the number of calcaneal fractures in Belgium have stabilised over the last ten years. These figures indicate the necessity for a better prevention policy. Scientific literature about the problem of impairment and disability in these cases is rare and lacks uniformity. A retrospective study was therefore performed on 65 private insurance compensation patients who were treated for intra-articular calcaneal fractures. The mean period of work incapacity was 260.5 days and the mean percentage of impairment was 12.3%. A large group (86.2%) were able to resume their former activities including the height workers. More than half of the patients (57%) needed a supportive device. Working at heights and falls from a height were a significant risk factor for long-term work incapacity. The figures are compared with the limited literature and further discussed.     

腰奇穴麻醉与腰俞穴麻醉、局部麻醉临床对比试验研究

为探索一种安全可靠用于肛门会阴和直肠下段手术较理想的穴位麻醉方法,采用随机单盲分组系统观察了腰奇穴麻醉试验组100例,腰俞穴麻醉（对照1组）与局部麻醉（对照2组）各100例,应用于肛肠科手术麻醉。结果试验组与对照l组比较在同等用药剂量下其麻醉效果前者优于后者,与对照2组比较则局部麻醉痛苦大（多次穿刺）,且不宜用于高位脓肿和肛瘘根治术的麻醉。结果表明,腰奇穴麻醉具有选穴定位准确,操作简便容易掌握,用药量少,麻醉时间长,毒副作用小,使用安全的优点,是用于肛肠科手术较理想的麻醉方法。     

Return to Work Following Total Knee and Hip Arthroplasty: The Effect of Patient Intent and Preoperative Work Status

BackgroundThe ability of total knee and hip arthroplasty (TKA/THA) to facilitate return to work (RTW) when it is the patient’s preoperative intent to do so remains unclear. We aimed at determining whether TKA/THA facilitated RTW in patients of working age who intended to return.MethodsThis is a prospective cohort study of 173 consecutive patients <65 years of age, undergoing unilateral TKA (n = 82: median age 58; range, 39-65; 36 [43.9%] male) or THA (n = 91: median age 59; range, 34-65; 42 [46.2%] male) during 2018. Oxford knee/hip scores, Oxford-Activity and Participation Questionnaire, and EuroQol-5 dimension (EQ-5D) scores were measured preoperatively and at 1 year when an employment questionnaire was also completed.ResultsOf patients who intended to RTW, 44 of 52 (84.6%) RTW by 1 year following TKA (at mean 14.8 ± 8.4 weeks) and 53 of 60 (88.3%) following THA (at mean 13.6 ± 7.5 weeks). Failure to RTW despite intent was associated with job physicality for TKA (P = .004) and negative preoperative EQ-5D for THA (P = .01). In patients unable to work before surgery due to joint disease, fewer RTW: 4 of 21 (19.0%) after TKA; and 6 of 17 (35.3%) after THA. Preoperative Oxford knee score >18.5 predicted RTW with 74% sensitivity (P < .001); preoperative Oxford hip score >19.5 predicted RTW with 75% sensitivity (P < .001). Preoperative EQ-5D indices were similarly predictive (P < .001).ConclusionIn this United Kingdom study, preoperative intent to RTW was the most powerful predictor of actual RTW following TKA/THA. Where patients intend to RTW following TKA/THA, 85% RTW following TKA and 88% following THA.     

音乐护理在整形外科局部麻醉手术患者中的应用效果

目的 分析音乐护理在整形外科局部麻醉手术患者中的应用效果。方法 选取南京明基医院医学 美容部2019年12月-2021年12月收治的108例整形外科局部麻醉手术患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分 为试验组与对照组,每组54例。对照组予以常规护理,试验组予以常规护理+音乐护理,比较两组围术期 相关指标、满意度、心理状况及疼痛程度。结果 试验组术中及术后VAS评分低于对照组（P＜0.05）;试 验组术后MAP、HR水平高于对照组（P＜0.05）;试验组医护态度、信息告知、医护技能、情感体验、手 术室环境满意度评分高于对照组（P＜0.05）;两组术前1 h及术后1 d的SAS、SDS评分均低于入院时,且试 验组低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 对整形外科局部麻醉手术患者实施音乐护理后可改善其血压、心率, 提高满意度,减轻疼痛及负性情绪。     

Not Physical Activity,but Patient Beliefs and Expectations are Associated With Return to Work After Total Knee Arthroplasty

Background

After total knee arthroplasty (TKA), 17%-60% of the patients do not or only partially return to work (RTW). Reasons for no or partial RTW remain unclear, warranting further research. Physical activity (PA) has proven beneficial effects on work participation. Therefore, we hypothesized that preoperative PA is associated with RTW after TKA.

An Evaluation of Complications Following Ultrasound-Guided Regional Block Anesthesia in Outpatient Hand Surgery

Background: Ultrasound-guided (USG) assistance has contributed to the acceptance of regional anesthesia as a safe and efficient alternative to traditional general anesthesia. However, limited data exist regarding the safety of supraclavicular blocks used in common hand surgery procedures. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate a large sample of cases to determine the effectiveness and complication rate of supraclavicular nerve blocks and confirm the safety of its use within the ambulatory surgery center (ASC) setting. Methods: Nerve blocks for the upper extremity were performed via the supraclavicular approach using the USG technique. Records were analyzed for all patients monitored during the immediate postoperative recovery and step-down phases at the ASC and contacted by phone or evaluated within 2 weeks at their first postoperative visit. Adverse outcomes related to the regional block anesthesia were identified via phone interview or postoperative surgical visit and documented. Results: In all, 713 records were reviewed with 56% female (n = 398) and 44% male (n = 315) patients. Of the 713 cases, 4 adverse events were identified (0.6%, 95% confidence interval [%]), including 2 abnormal reactions to the nerve block and 2 incomplete blocks with inadequate pain control. Conclusions: This study is the first report to evaluate a large sample of outpatient hand procedures at a high-volume ASC. We can report no clinically significant pulmonary or neurovascular complications with the use of USG supraclavicular nerve block techniques, further supporting its establishment as a safe and efficient procedure, yielding a low complication rate.     

硬膜外麻醉上腹部手术围手术期膈肌功能研究

目的 :观察硬膜外麻醉上腹部手术 (UAS)病人围手术期膈肌功能变化。方法 :在连续硬膜外麻醉下行上腹部手术病人 12例 ,麻醉前置入胃管 ,同步监测胃内压 (Pga)与呼出气CO2 分压曲线 ,记录术前、术后 1、4、8小时平静呼吸时胃内压变化 (ΔPga)、RR、VT。吸气时Pga降低 (记为ΔPga =- 1)为腹部反常呼吸运动 ,吸气时Pga上升 (记为ΔPga =+1)。结果 :所有病人术前ΔPga均为 +1,于术后 1小时出现ΔPga =- 1(P <0 0 0 1) ,并且持续至术后 8小时。RR加快 (从术前 15 2± 2 1至术后 1、4、8小时分别为 2 0 2± 2 5、2 2 6± 2 8、2 1 8± 2 2P <0 0 0 1)、VT 减少 (由术前2 98± 16ml/m2 至术后 1、4、8小时分别为 2 2 5± 2 7、197± 2 5、2 19± 2 2ml/m2 P <0 0 0 1)。结论 :与全麻下UAS类似 ,硬膜外麻醉下UAS亦引起术后膈肌功能障碍     

Psychological and Work Stress Assessment of Patients following Angioplasty or Heart Surgery: Results of 1‐year Follow‐up Study

The aim of this study was to explore changes in subjective psychological health and perceived work stress among patients who returned to work (RTW) after a multidisciplinary cardiac rehabilitation (CR) following cardiac interventions. A total of 108 patients were evaluated at the beginning of their CR, at 6 and 12 months after discharge. Self‐report questionnaires were used to assess depression, anxiety, illness perception and work stress at each time stage. Results showed reports of depressive symptoms significantly decreased (p < 0.05) and subjective mental (p = 0.001) and physical health (p < 0.001) improved over time. Patients revealed a decrease in Type A behaviour pattern (p < 0.001) and in job satisfaction levels (p = 0.01), greater internal locus of control (p < 0.01) and increased use of the coping strategy ‘Involvement’ (p < 0.01). Major findings are that cardiac patients had an improvement in subjective psychological health and did not perceive increased work stress after their RTW. Patients' psychological health and work stress need to be assessed during the CR and should be also carefully monitored after the RTW in order to identify patients' psychological and work‐related barriers and facilitate a safe and successful work reintegration. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.