左冠状动脉主干急性闭塞致心肌梗死急诊PCI预后分析

目的:评价左冠状动脉主干(LMCA)急性闭塞引起心肌梗死患者在无外科保护下行急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)的临床疗效. 方法:从2002年1月至2008年12月,在529例急性心肌梗死患者中确诊LMCA急性闭塞11例,均接受急诊PCI,观察住院和随访期死亡率. 结果:在11例LMCA急性心肌梗死中,9例发生心源性休克...     

不同梗死相关血管的急性下壁心肌梗死的临床特征分析

目的探讨右冠状动脉(RCA)和左回旋支(LCX)闭塞导致的急性下壁心肌梗死的临床特征。方法对连续收治的108例行急诊冠状动脉介入治疗的ST段抬高型急性下壁心肌梗死患者的临床资料进行分析,根据梗死相关血管分为两组:RCA闭塞致心肌梗死组85例(RCA组),LCX闭塞致心肌梗死组23例(LCX组),比较两组临床特征。结果 RCA组血清肌酐水平、三支血管病变、心力衰竭和三度房室传导阻滞患者比例均显著高于LCX组[(93±26)μmol/L比(79±15)μmol/L,38.8%比13.0%,34.1%比13.0%,18.8%比0,均为P<0.05],RCA组合并右心室心肌梗死的患者比例也显著高于LCX组(29.4%比0,P<0.01),两组患者右冠脉优势型、住院病死率差异无统计学意义(87.1%比69.6%,1.2%比0,均为P>0.05)。结论 RCA梗死相关的急性下壁心肌梗死患者发生心力衰竭、三度房室传导阻滞的比例高于LCX梗死相关的急性下壁心肌梗死患者。     

冠状动脉造影正常的急性心肌梗死4例临床分析

急性心肌梗死(AMI)的主要发病机制是急性闭塞性血栓形成,多发生于梗死相关冠状动脉狭窄基础上.但部分AMI患者急诊冠状动脉造影(CAG)未发现急性闭塞性病变及严重狭窄.本文回顾性分析我院急诊CAG正常的AMI患者的临床特点.     

心肌梗死后不同时期内梗死相关动脉病变情况分析

目的总结分析心肌梗死后不同阶段患者的梗死相关动脉的闭塞情况。方法回顾性分析自2005年6月至2011年6月在我科住院行选择性冠状动脉造影的心肌梗死患者1 524例的临床资料,根据患者行冠状动脉造影的时间和心肌梗死类型将所有的患者分为4组:24 h内急诊冠状动脉造影的ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死组(急诊CAG STEMI组)、7天至2周内行择期冠状动脉造影的ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死组(择期CAG STEMI组)、陈旧性心肌梗死组(OMI组)、3天内行冠状动脉造影的非ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死组(NSTEMI组)。通过分析各组的影像学资料,观察梗死相关动脉分布和闭塞情况。结果各组梗死相关动脉的分布情况为:急诊CAG STEMI组中,左前降支的发生率明显高于其他梗死相关动脉;择期CAG STEMI组中,左前降支和右冠状动脉仍高于其余梗死相关动脉;OMI组中,各梗死相关动脉无明显差别;NSTEMI组中,左前降支和左回旋支高于其余动脉。各组梗死相关动脉的闭塞情况为:急诊CAG STEMI组高于择期CAG STEMI组、OMI组、NSTEMI组(P<0.001),OMI组高于择期CAG STEMI组、NSTEMI组(P<0.01),择期CAG STEMI组与NSTEMI组比较差异无显著性。结论梗死相关动脉为左回旋支时常不能及时发现就诊,需要提高对梗死相关动脉为回旋支的心肌梗死患者的识别和及时治疗。ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死患者1～2周后闭塞率明显降低,近一半的患者达到TIMI 2～3级血流。非ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死患者梗死相关动脉的闭塞率较低,可能是无ST段抬高的原因之一。     

急诊冠状动脉内介入治疗在急性心肌梗死的临床应用

目的　探讨急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗对急性心肌梗死 (AMI)患者的临床疗效及安全性。方法　对 45例急性心肌梗死患者在起病 12 h内进行急诊冠状动脉内介入治疗 ,术后即刻行血管造影进行评价 ,观察住院及随诊期间的情况。结果　 45例患者梗死相关动脉 (IRA)重建后血流 TIMI-3级 ,残余狭窄 <3 0 %。住院期间无心脏性死亡、急性再闭塞、急诊冠状动脉旁路移植术及严重出血发生。随访 6～ 12个月 ,44例无血栓形成及主要心脏事件 (心脏性死亡、与靶血管相关的心绞痛、心肌梗死及再次血管重建 ) ,1例 5月后复查冠状动脉造影显示支架内再狭窄 ,需要再次介入治疗。结论　急诊冠状动脉内介入治疗急性心肌梗死不仅有良好的住院及近期临床疗效 ,而且安全可靠     

不同罪犯血管引起的急性下壁心肌梗死临床特点

目的分析不同罪犯血管引起的急性下壁心肌梗死患者的临床特点。方法纳入发病12 h内入院的急性下壁心肌梗死患者268例,急诊行冠状动脉造影(CAG)检查,根据不同罪犯血管将患者分为2组,右冠状动脉(RCA)组:216例为闭RCA塞;左回旋支冠状动脉(LCX)组:52例为LCX闭塞。对两组临床特征和心电图进行比较分析。结果合并右室心肌梗死,心源性休克,RCA组心力衰竭显著高于LCX组(P0.05);RCA组左室射血分数(LVEF)显著低于LCX组[(51±8)%vs.(58±10)%,P0.05];但住院死亡率等两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);心电图STⅢ抬高/STⅡ抬高≥1、STV4R抬高≥1 mm、高度房室传导阻滞(AVB)、室速/室颤(VT/VF)各项指标在RCA组显著高于LCX组(P0.01)。结论 RCA和LCX梗死引起的急性下壁心肌梗死临床特征和心电图表现有差异,心电图Ⅱ、Ⅲ及V4R导联ST段变化能预测急性下壁心肌梗死患者犯罪血管,对临床治疗和预后有指导作用。     

心肌梗死相关血管行血栓抽吸及冠状动脉内注射替罗非班治疗急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死的疗效评价

目的评价在经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)基础上辅助心肌梗死相关闭塞血管行血栓抽吸及冠状动脉内注射替罗非班治疗急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEAMI)的临床疗效。方法选取2008年1月—2011年5月在我院STEAMI的53例患者,26例STEMI患者试验分为血栓抽吸+冠状动脉内注射替罗非班组:在标准PCI基础上进行血栓抽吸,并在血栓抽吸前后分别经抽吸导管冠状动脉内推注替罗非班10μg/kg,置入支架后静脉滴注替罗非班0.15μg.kg-1.min-1持续36h;标准PCI组:27例STEMI患者按急诊PCI常规方法置人支架。比较两组患者PCI术前及术后心肌梗死相关动脉心肌梗死时溶栓(TIMI)分级,以及PCI术后6个月内的主要心脏不良事件(心绞痛、再发心肌梗死、心脏性猝死及急性左心衰竭)及出血并发症的发生率。结果两组患者基线特征差异无统计学意义。血栓抽吸+冠状动脉内注射替罗非班组与标准PCI组TIMI 3级血流率分别为96.12%和83.45%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。6个月随访显示,血栓抽吸+冠状动脉内注射替罗非班组主要不良心血管事件有降低趋势(P<0.05)。两组间出血事件差异无统计学意义。结论直接PCI中联合应用血栓抽吸和心肌梗死相关闭塞冠状动脉内注射替罗非班可以改善心肌灌注,并能降低6个月内主要心脏不良事件。     

急性心肌梗死后并发自身免疫性溶血性贫血1例

<正>1病例资料患者,男,40岁,2018年10月1日因"持续性胸痛4h余"就诊于外院,完善心电图、肌钙蛋白等检查,行急诊冠状动脉(冠脉)造影提示冠心病(3支病变),前降支近端急性完全闭塞,右冠次全闭塞(狭窄95%～99%)(图1),明确诊断为急性心肌梗死(AMI),予以急诊经皮冠脉介入(PCI)治疗。术     

两支冠状动脉血管同时闭塞致急性心肌梗死一例

急性心肌梗死（AMI）常因某支冠状动脉（冠脉）粥样硬化斑块破裂、痉挛及血栓形成导致血管闭塞所致。急性冠脉综合征时常有多部位的斑块不稳定，然而2支冠脉血管同时闭塞引起AMI，则非常罕见。我们观察到1例两支冠脉血管同时闭塞导致AMI的患者，急诊时未能明确，仅对1支冠脉行急诊介入治疗，后期才得以证实为双支血管同时闭塞。     

急性心肌梗死行冠状动脉内支架术初步探讨

目的评价急诊冠状动脉内支架术治疗急性心肌梗死的疗效及安全性.方法 48例急性心肌梗死患者入院6 h内接受急诊介入治疗,共置入支架58枚,术后行即刻血管造影评价,观察住院及近期临床事件.结果 44例(92%)患者梗死相关动脉(IRA)重建后TIMI-3级血流,全部病例IRA残余狭窄<30%.住院期间1例死亡,无急性再闭塞,急诊搭桥及严重出血发生.随访6个月,无再次心肌梗死、需外科血运重建术、卒中、脏器出血和死亡等重大临床事件.结论急诊支架置入术治疗急性心肌梗死成功率高,住院及近期临床效果好,是抢救急性心肌梗死的安全可靠方法.     

Coronary artery to pulmonary artery fistulas.

Twelve patients with a total of 14 coronary artery to pulmonary artery fistulas were discovered at the time of diagnostic coronary angiography. Six patients had severe coronary artery disease, five patients had normal coronary arteriography, one patient had insignificant coronary artery disease, and one patient had rheumatic heart disease. Only two patients had characteristic continuous murmurs; one patient had a normal coronary angiogram, and the second patient had severe coronary artery disease. Ten fistulas originated from the left anterior descending artery, three from the right coronary artery, and one from the left circumflex artery. The fistulas were either composed of one large (five fistulas) or one or more small channels (seven fistulas) or poorly defined plexiform channels (two fistulas). Hydrogen studies performed in two patients were negative and dye dilution curves performed in all patients were normal. In only four out of the six patients with severe coronary artery disease, the fistulas originated from a diseased vessel and in each case the origin was proximal to the narrowing. The pathogenesis and functional role of these fistulas is largely unknown.     

Interosseous artery as an access artery in case of late radial artery occlusion

We report a new technique of arterial access through the ipsilateral interosseous artery in a case of late radial artery occlusion (RAO). RAO, although not frequent, is a limiting iatrogenic complication after transradial intervention (TRI) and precludes repeat use of the same radial artery for future procedures. Our technique involves obtaining access to the ipsilateral radial artery (RA) in the distal postocclusion segment and use of collateral channel between this segment and the interosseous artery (IOA) for advancing a guidewire and sheath in the IOA lumen and in brachial artery thereafter. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Sequential radial artery grafting three-vessel coronary artery disease

Our objective was to compare the results of revascularization by sequential radial artery (RA) grafting with a left anterior descending left internal mammary artery (LIMA)-RA t-composite grafting technique. Patients were grouped as those with proximal anastomoses performed on the ascending aorta (Group A; n = 38), and those with proximal anastomoses performed on the LIMA as t-grafts (Group T; n = 13). Neither of the two groups revealed any mortality. The average number of grafts was lower in Group T (2.23 +/- 0.43 in group T and 2.85 +/- 0.69 in group A, p < 0.05). The results of the control coronary artery angiographies were superior in Group A. The patency rate of the RA grafts was 96.8% in Group A. Of the 20 distal anastomoses performed with RA grafts in 8 patients from Group T, nine (45%) were found to be patent. The patency rates of RA grafts with sequential distal anastomoses were found to be better when the proximal anastomosis was performed on the ascending aorta rather than on the LIMA. In conclusion, sequential distal anastomosis of RA grafts seem to be safe and effective when proximal anastomoses are performed on the ascending aorta.     

Carotid artery in-stent restenosis after carotid artery stenting

Carotid in-stent restenosis is a potential long-term sequela that may occur after carotid artery stenting. We report a single-center experience with this procedure and reviewed the database for individual patient characteristics and possible management options.