Older people's experience of participating in a reminiscence group with a gerotranscendental perspective: reminiscence group with a gerotranscendental perspective in practice

Tornstam's theory of gerotranscendence provides the theoretical underpinning for two small reminiscence groups that met for eight weekly sessions in a Swedish daycentre. Tornstams's theoretical perspective provides a developmental model for understanding positive progressive changes in values, attitudes and behaviour in the second half of life. Practical guidelines derived from this theory informed the group-work approach used. Participants' opinions about their reminiscence experience were analysed to determine the relevance of gerotranscendental theory as a basis for understanding older people's use of reminiscence in the ageing process. The study aimed at investigating older peoples' experiences of participating in a reminiscence group with a gerotranscendental perspective. The study used a qualitative approach. Older people were invited to participate in reminiscence group sessions arranged at a daycentre. When the sessions were finished, participants were interviewed about their experience of the reminiscence group. Data were analysed and categorized by using qualitative methods. The participants were satisfied with the arrangement of the group sessions. All participants believed they had reminisced and thought much more about their childhood and also recalled other memories from their lives during the period. Three quite different views emerged of the recall experience and effects of participating in the reminiscence group: 'An activity like any other; an activity that led to thoughts about memories from life or an activity that influenced my thoughts about life.' Findings suggest that it is possible to arrange reminiscence groups from a gerotranscendental perspective that serve as an intervention in gerontological nursing. This paper provides some guidance concerning how this type of group may be arranged and the various categories of participant response that may be expected.     

慢性肺部病变患者合并真菌感染临床调查

目的 探讨慢性肺部疾病患者合并肺真菌感染的临床特点.方法回顾性分析2002～2005年我院216例慢性肺病住院患者的临床资料.结果慢性肺病住院患者合并肺真菌感染率为28.1%,白色念珠菌为最常见致病真菌,约占67.2%.结论慢性肺病住院患者合并肺真菌感染率高于其他疾病,应早预防、早诊断、早治疗.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期病人的肺功能康复护理进展

总结有关慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期肺功能康复护理方面的进展,对康复评定、主要措施及健康教育进行重点阐述。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期病人的肺功能康复护理进展

总结有关慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期肺功能康复护理方面的进展，对康复评定、主要措施及健康教育进行重点阐述。     

老年慢性病患者抑郁程度的调查分析

目的探讨抑郁程度与老年慢性病的相关性,旨在为健康教育对策提供依据。方法采用抑郁自评量表(Self-RatingDepressionScale,SDS)为评定工具,对干部门诊就诊的500名老年患者进行问卷调查。结果31.0%的患者存在不同程度的抑郁情绪。抑郁程度的疾病顺位排序是心肌梗死、脑血管疾病、肾功能衰竭、恶性肿瘤、冠心病和糖尿病;年龄60~64岁组和≥75岁组的患者抑郁程度较为严重。结论抑郁程度与患者的年龄、罹患疾病种类、种数及病程关系密切,对患者及其家属进行心理健康指导,可有效促进其慢性病的康复。     

慢性疾病老干部患者不规范服药相关因素的调查分析

目的探讨慢性疾病老干部患者不规范服药的相关因素。方法采用自行设计问卷对门诊就诊的352名老干部慢性疾病患者服药状况及相关因素进行调查分析。结果 84.38%的慢性疾病老干部患者存在不规范服药现象。患者年龄、文化程度、所患疾病种类、所用药物种类、片数和服药次数与不规范服药明显相关。个人经济能力和医疗付费方式对不规范服药行为有影响。结论注重医疗服务细节管理、加强家庭和社区服务支持力度,及完善公共医疗保障系统是消除不规范服药的主要途径。     

高频振动通气在早产儿合并重症肺病中的应用效果及护理干预

目的探究高频振动通气在早产儿合并重症肺病中的应用效果及护理干预。方法选取合并重症肺病的早产儿120例随机分为2组,观察组60例患儿选用高频震荡通气进行治疗,对照组60例患儿选择常频机械通气进行治疗,比较2组患儿治疗过程中的动脉血氧分压[p(O_2)]、动脉血二氧化碳分压[p(CO_2)]、氧合指数(OI)、并发症发生率和转归。结果观察组患儿的总有效率为95.00%,显著高于对照组的总有效率80.00%(P0.05);治疗后8 h、24 h、48 h,2组p(O_2)均随着时间的推移逐渐提高,而2组的p(CO_2)、OI则随着时间的推移逐渐降低,观察组的p(O_2)、p(CO_2)、OI在治疗后8 h、24 h、48 h较之前不断显著改善,且均显著优于同时间段的对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组的并发症发生率显著低于对照组(P0.05);观察组患儿的总治愈率为98.33%,显著高于对照组的总治愈率68.33%(P0.05)。结论高频振荡通气能有效改善患儿的肺换气、肺通气,可提高患儿治愈率,降低病死率,减少并发症的发生,值得临床推广。     

An intergenerational reminiscence programme for older adults with early dementia and youth volunteers: values and challenges

Aim: To examine the values of a reminiscence programme, adopting an intergenerational approach, on older persons with early dementia and youth volunteers. Method: A pre‐ and post‐ one group design was adopted. Forty‐nine elderly participants with early dementia and 117 youth volunteers participated in the study. Each elderly participant was assigned to two youth participants. This dyad group participated in a 12‐session reminiscence programme. The youth participants acted as facilitators to prompt the elderly participants to share and discuss past events and experiences, and to support them to fabricate a personalized life‐story book. An occupational therapist provided ongoing support and monitoring. The elderly participants were evaluated by the Chinese version of Mini‐mental State Examination, Quality of Life‐Alzheimer’s Disease (QoL‐AD), and Chinese version of Geriatric Depression Scale (CGDS) before and after the programme. Dementia Quiz (DQ), Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale and a 20‐item feedback questionnaire on the programme were used to evaluate the youth participants. Results: Significant pre‐ and postprogramme differences were found for QoL‐AD (mean change = ?1.91; 95% CI = ?3.18, ?0.64) and CGDS (mean change = 1.86; 95% CI = 0.92, 2.80) among the elderly participants, and for DQ (mean change = ?1.14; 95% CI = ?2.11, ?0.17) among the youth participants. Volunteers also showed positive appreciation of older persons and opined that this community service provided them an opportunity to reflect on their relationship with elderly relatives. Some volunteers, however, commented the heavy workload of the reminiscence programme. Conclusion: The intergenerational reminiscence programme suggests mutually beneficial values for both groups of participants. Whilst it is feasible to involve trained volunteers in the implementation of dementia‐related programmes, it is essential that they are adequately trained and that ongoing support and monitoring are provided.     

合肥市空巢老人慢性病患病情况及社区护理需求的调查

目的 了解合肥市空巢老人的慢性病患病情况及社区护理需求,为空巢老人的社区健康管理提供依据.方法 自行设计调查问卷,由经过系统培训的调查员在社区卫生服务站或人户对1 016名空巢老人进行问卷调查.结果 空巢老人慢性病患病率为67.52％,患病居前5位的慢性病依次是高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、脑血管病、慢性支气管炎.在社区护理...     

人文关怀护理实施方案表在老年慢性病患者中的应用

目的探究人文关怀护理模式实施方案表在老年慢性病患者中的应用效果。方法选取我院2017年1月至2019年6月收治的70例老年慢性病患者为研究对象,随机将其等分为对照组和观察组,对照组给予常规护理健康教育,观察组在此基础上给予人文关怀护理模式实施方案表,比较两组患者护理前后抑郁(SDS)、社会功能(SDSS)和日常生活能力(ADL)评分和满意度。结果观察组患者满意度高于对照组(P<0.05),SDS评分低于对照组(P<0.05),SDSS和ADL评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论采用人文关怀护理实施方案表可明显提高患者满意度,心理健康水平、社会活动能力和日常生活能力显著改善,提高患者生活质量,值得广泛推广。     

老年慢性病出院患者护理需求现状调查分析

目的了解老年慢性病出院患者的护理需求,为制订针对性的出院指导提供依据。方法采用老年慢性病患者护理需求调查问卷对2家三级甲等综合医院及1家二级甲等综合医院的250例出院老年慢性病患者进行调查,了解老年慢性病出院患者护理需求状况。结果出院老年慢性病患者的护理需求得分呈中等偏高水平;单项护理需求以疾病护理与预防方面为主;排在前5位的分别是出现紧急情况时医护人员的救护、护士定期提供体检、健康知识的宣教、安全用药指导及慢性病的长期护理;不同经济收入水平、患者出院后是否需要照顾在护理需求方面比较,均P〈0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论老年慢性病出院患者的护理需求是多方面的,护士在实施出院护理时,重点应关注患者不同护理需求,特别是经济条件差或出院后需要照顾的患者,并有针对性地做好出院指导,满足老年慢性病患者的护理需求。     

A person-centred lifestyle change intervention model: Working with older people experiencing chronic illness

A person-centred health promotion model of care to improve self-care and lifestyle changes for older people with chronic illnesses is conceptualized in this paper. The model supports effective interpersonal communication with nurses and health-care consumers and is developed to concept stage. Older people with chronic illnesses who experience stress, anxiety or social isolation are more likely to be admitted and re-admitted to acute hospitals. Interventions to decrease the risk factors are frequently unsuccessful in this patient group. Programmes, led by nurses, aimed at reducing stress, anxiety and social isolation while supporting older people postdischarge from hospital might be successful. The model integrates research from synthesized case studies and a critical literature review. The practices of interrelating four key elements-'construct', 'context', 'process' and 'outcome'-are proposed for nurses to assist patients advancing self-care and lifestyle change. The model is designed for implementation in outpatient, clinic or community settings.     

老年慢性病患者抑郁情绪与躯体症状的相关性研究

目的调查老年慢性病患者抑郁情绪与躯体症状,并探讨二者之间的关系。方法应用抑郁自评量表与躯体化症状自评量表对300例老年慢性病患者进行调查,比较不同抑郁程度患者躯体症状的差异,分析抑郁情绪与躯体症状的关系。结果慢性病患者抑郁自评量表总分为(65.91±8.26)分,抑郁患者占54.67%;慢性病患者躯体化症状呈自评量表总分为(67.79±3.52)分。相关分析显示,抑郁与躯体化症状呈正相关(P0.01)。结论抑郁情绪是影响老年慢性病患者躯体症状的因素,临床医护工作者应重视心理因素在躯体疾病中的治疗作用,对患者做好相应的心理护理。     

护理干预对提高慢性肝病病人医嘱依从性的研究

目的 探讨病人医嘱依从性在慢性肝病治疗中的作用，指导护士通过护理干预提高护理质量和临床疗效。方法通过临床症状和实验室检测确诊为慢性肝病的120例病人，随机分为3组，每组40例，A组：常规综合保肝治疗；B组：常规综合保肝治疗＋针对病人实施护理干预；C组：常规综合保肝治疗＋针对病人和家属实施联合护理干预。对3组病人医嘱依从性及疗效进行对比。结果3组病人医嘱依从性的差异具有统计学意义，其中C组病人医嘱依从性最好，其病人好转率高达93．5％。结论对病人与家属进行医嘱依从性联合干预，是保证慢性肝病联合治疗有效性的有力措施。