Altered regional homogeneity in spontaneous cluster headache attacks: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Background  Functional neuroimaging study has opened an avenue for exploring the pathophysiology of cluster headache (CH). The aim of our study was to assess the changes in brain activity in CH patients by the regional homogeneity method using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging technique.

Methods  The functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained for 12 male CH patients with spontaneous right-sided headache attacks during “in attack” and “out of attack” periods and 12 age- and sex-matched normal controls. The data were analyzed to detect the altered brain activity by the regional homogeneity method using statistical parametric mapping software.

Results  Altered regional homogeneity was detected in the anterior cingulate cortex, the posterior cingulate cortex, the prefrontal cortex, insular cortex, and other brain regions involved in pain processing and modulation among different groups.

Conclusion  It is referred that these brain regions with altered regional homogeneity might be related to the pain processing and modulation of CH.

     

Abnormal intrinsic brain activity in amnestic mild cognitive impairment revealed by amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Background Previous studies have shown that brain functional activity in the resting state is impaired in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. However, alterations in intrinsic brain activity patterns in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients are poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the differences in regional intrinsic activities throughout the whole brain between aMCI patients and controls.

Methods In the present study, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was performed on 18 amnestic MCI (aMCI) patients, 18 mild AD patients and 20 healthy elderly subjects. And amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) method was used.

Results Compared with healthy elderly subjects, aMCI patients showed decreased ALFF in the right hippocampus and parahippocampal cortex, left lateral temporal cortex, and right ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vMPFC) and increased ALFF in the left temporal-parietal junction (TPJ) and inferior parietal lobule (IPL). Mild AD patients showed decreased ALFF in the left TPJ, posterior IPL (pIPL), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex compared with aMCI patients. Mild AD patients also had decreased ALFF in the right posterior cingulate cortex, right vMPFC and bilateral dorsal MPFC (dMPFC) compared with healthy elderly subjects.

Conclusions Decreased intrinsic activities in brain regions closely related to episodic memory were found in aMCI and AD patients. Increased TPJ and IPL activity may indicate compensatory mechanisms for loss of memory function in aMCI patients. These findings suggest that the fMRI based on ALFF analysis may provide a useful tool in the study of aMCI patients.

     

Functional organization of complex brain networks modulated by acupuncture at different acupoints belonging to the same anatomic segment

Background  Noninvasive functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques have opened a “window” into the brain, allowing us to investigate the anatomical and physiological function involving acupuncture needling. Imaging its sustained effect rather than acute effect on the brain networks may further help elucidate the mechanisms by which acupuncture achieves its therapeutic effects. In this study, we aimed to investigate the functional brain networks during the post-resting state following acupuncture at KI3 in comparison with acupuncture at GB40.

Methods  Needling at acupoints GB40 and KI3 was performed in twelve subjects. Six minutes of scanning at rest were adopted before and after acupuncture at different acupoints. Then we divided the whole brain into 39 regions and constructed functional brain networks during the post-acupuncture resting states (PARS).

Results  For direct comparisons, increased correlations during post-resting state following acupuncture at KI3 compared to resting state (RS) were primarily located between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and post temporal cortex, ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and post temporal cortex. These brain regions were all cognitive-related functions. In contrast, the increased connections between the anterior insula and temporal cortex mainly emerged following acupuncture at GB40 compared with the RS.

Conclusions  The present study demonstrates that acupuncture at different acupoints belonging to the same anatomic segment can exert different modulatory effects on the reorganizations of post-acupuncture RS networks. The heterogeneous modulation patterns between two conditions may relate to the functional specific modulatory effects of acupuncture.

     

抑郁症首发未治疗患者情绪调控环路脑功能网络的静息态功能磁共振研究

Background  Reports on mood regulating circuit (MRC) indicated different activities between depressed patients and healthy controls. The functional networks based on MRC have not been described in major depression disorder (MDD). Both the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and thalamus are all the key regions of MRC. This study was to investigate the two functional networks related to ACC and thalamus in MDD.

Methods  Sixteen patients with MDD on first episode which never got any medication and sixteen matched health controls were scanned by 3.0 T functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during resting-state. The pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC) was used as seed region to construct the functional network by cortex section. The thalamus was used as seed region to construct the functional network by limbic section. Paired-t tests between-groups were performed for the seed-target correlations based on the individual fisher z-transformed correlation maps by SPM2.

Results  Depressed subjects exhibited significantly great functional connectivity (FC) between pgACC and the parahippocampus gyrus in one cluster (size 923) including left parahippocampus gyrus (–21, –49,7), left parietal lobe (–3, –46, 52) and left frontal lobe (–27, –46, 28). The one cluster (size 962) of increased FC on thalamus network overlapped the precuneus near to right parietal lobe (9, –52,46) and right cingulate gyrus (15, –43, 43) in health controls.

Conclusions  Abnormal functional networks exist in earlier manifestation of MDD related to MRC by both cortex and limbic sections. The increased functional connectivity of pgACC and decreased functional connectivity of thalamus is mainly involved in bias mood processing and cognition.

     

Cerebral activation during unilateral clenching in patients with temporomandibular joint synovitis and biting pain: an functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Background  Functional magnetic resonance is a non-invasive method that can examine brain activity and has been widely used in various fields including jaw movement and pain processing. Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is one of the most frequent facial pain problems. The objective of this study was to investigate the brain activities using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during unilateral maximal voluntary clenching tasks in the TMD synovitis patients with biting pain.

Methods  Fourteen TMD synovitis patients with unilateral biting pain and 14 controls were included in the study. Contralateral biting pain was defined as right molar clenching causing left temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain. Ipsilateral biting pain was defined as right molar clenching causing right TMJ pain. Symptom Check List-90 (SCL-90) was administered to the patients and controls. Independent sample t-test was used to compare the SCL-90 subscales between the two groups. Unilateral clenching tasks were performed by the patients and controls. Imaging data were analyzed using SPM99.

Results  Patients were divided into contralateral TMD biting pain group (n=8) and ipsilateral TMD biting pain group (n=6). The SCL-90 subscales were significantly different between the two groups for somatization, depression, anxiety, phobic anxiety, and paranoid ideation. Group analysis of the controls demonstrated brain activations in the inferior frontal gyrus, precentral gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, and insular. The areas of activation were different between right and left clenching task. In TMJ synovitis patients with contralateral or ipsilateral biting pain, the group analysis showed activations in the inferior frontal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, medium frontal gyrus, precentral gyrus, and anterior cingulate cortex.

Conclusions  The inferior frontal gyrus and precentral gyrus play essential roles during the unilateral clenching task. Activation of anterior cingulate cortex in the synovitis patients with biting pain was associated with higher levels of psychological distress.

     

Changes in serum levels of soluble osteoclast-associated receptor in human rheumatoid arthritis

Background  Osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR) is a member of the newly identified leukocyte receptor complex, and has recently been described as a key molecule in osteoclastogenesis. In this study, we measured the levels of soluble osteoclast-associated receptor (sOSCAR) in the serum of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and healthy controls to examine whether sOSCAR may play a role in the process of inflammatory arthritis.

Methods  Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the levels of sOSCAR in the serum of 40 healthy controls and 40 RA patients.

Results  The serum levels of sOSCAR were significantly lower in RA patients than in healthy controls, and were inversely associated with inflammatory activity.

Conclusion  sOSCAR is decreased in patients with RA and reduced levels of the protein are associated with increased inflammatory response.

     

Application of echocardiography in resynchronization treatment of heart failure patients

Objective  To review the updated research progress about the application of echocardiography in resynchronization treatment of chronic heart failure patients.

Data sources  The data used in this review were from PubMed, published in English and using the key terms “heart failure”, “echocardiography” and “cardiac resynchronization therapy”.

Study selection  Relevant articles were reviewed and selected to address the stated purpose.

Results Increasing numbers of studies have suggested the importance of echocardiography in resynchronization treatment of chronic heart failure patients. Echocardiography can evaluate atrioventricular, inter- and intra-ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony before cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), as a guidance to assess the optimal left ventricular (LV) pacing location, optimize the atrioventricular and interventricular delays and predict response to CRT.

Conclusions  Echocardiography is both non invasive and easily repeatable, and plays a crucial role in appraisal of heart synchronism, instruction of actuator placement, optimization of the device procedure, and prediction of the response to CRT.

     

Cigarette smoking inhibits the anti-platelet activity of aspirin in patients with coronary heart disease

Objective  Tobacco smoking results in increased platelet aggregability, which suggests that low-dose aspirin used in common clinical practice may not effectively inhibit platelet activity in smokers with coronary heart disease (CHD). This review was performed to assess the effect of aspirin on platelet aggregation in patients with CHD.

Data sources  We performed an electronic literature search of MEDLINE (starting from the beginning to March 15, 2009) using the term “smoking” or “tobacco” paired with the following: “platelet”, “aspirin” or “coronary heart disease”.

Study selection  We looked for review articles regarding the effect of tobacco smoking on platelet activity and on the anti-platelet efficacy of aspirin in healthy people and patients with CHD. The search was limited in “core clinical journal”. In total, 1321 relevant articles were retrieved, and 36 articles were ultimately cited.

Results  Tobacco smoking results in increased platelet aggregability, which can be inhibited by low-dose aspirin in the healthy population. However, in patients with CHD, the increased platelet aggregability can not be effectively inhibited by the same low-dose of aspirin. A recent study indicated that clopidogrel or an increased dose of aspirin can effectively inhibit the increased platelet aggregability induced by tobacco smoking in patients with CHD.

Conclusions  It is important for patients with CHD to quit smoking. For the current smoker, it may be necessary to take larger doses of aspirin than normal or take an adenosine diphosphate receptor inhibitor along with aspirin to effectively inhibit the increased platelet activity.

     

Clinical experience of 3T intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging integrated neurosurgical suite in Shanghai Huashan Hospital

Background  Intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) dates back to the 1990s and has been successfully applied in neurosurgery but they were low-field iMRI (<1.0T). This paper reports the clinical experience with a 3T iMRI-integrated neurosurgical suite in Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China.

Methods    From September 2010 through March 2012, 373 consecutive patients underwent neurological surgery under guidance with 3T iMRI. A retrospective analysis was conducted regarding clinical efficiency.

Results  All surgery in the 373 patients was safe. The ratio of gross total resection for cerebral gliomas (n=161) was increased from 55.90% to 87.58%. The ratio of benefit in extent of resection was 39.13%. One hundred and fifty eight of the 161 glioma patients accomplished follow-up at 3 months postoperatively. Twenty of 161 patients (12.42%) suffered from early motor deficit after surgery. Late motor deficit was however observed in five of 158 patients (3.16%). Twenty-one of 161 patients (13.04%) had early speech deficit and late speech deficit was only observed in six of 158 patients (3.80%). The ratio of gross total resection for pituitary adenomas (n=49) was increased from 77.55% to 85.71%. The ratio of benefit in extent of resection was 10.2%. There were no iMRI-related adverse events even for patients who underwent awake craniotomy.

Conclusion  The 3T iMRI integrated neurosurgical suite provides high-quality intraoperative structural and functional imaging for real-time tumor resection control and accurate functional preservation, resulting in an improvement in maximal safe brain surgery.

     

Neuronavigation surgery in China: reality and prospects

Objective  To review the history, development, and reality of neuronavigation surgery in China and to discuss the future of neuronavigation surgery.

Data sources  PubMed, the China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database, and the VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals were searched for papers published from 1995 to the present with the key words “neuronavigation,” “functional navigation,” “image-guided,” and “stereotaxy.” Articles were reviewed for additional citations, and some information was gathered from Web searches.

Study selection  Articles related to neuronavigation surgery in China were selected, with special attention to application to brain tumors.

Results  Since the introduction of neurosurgical navigation to China in 1997, this core technique in minimally invasive neurosurgery has seen rapid development. This development has ranged from brain structural localization to functional brain mapping, from static digital models of the brain to dynamic brain-shift compensation models, and from preoperative image-guided surgery to intraoperative real-time image-guided surgery, and from application of imported equipment and technology to use of equipment and technology that possess Chinese independent intellectual property rights.

Conclusions  The development and application of neuronavigation techniques have made neurological surgeries in China more safe, precise and effective, and less invasive, and promoted the quality of Chinese neurosurgical practice to the rank of the most advance and excellence in the world.

     

阿尔茨海默病的静息态fMRI低频振幅研究

  目的 应用静息态功能磁共振成像(fMRI)低频振幅（(ALFF)方法对阿尔茨海默病(AD) 基线脑活动变化进行研究。 方法　利用GE Signa 3.0T MRI对AD患者组和正常对照组（各18例）分别进行静息态fMRI扫描。应用低频振幅(ALFF)统计方法计算并对比2组ALFF改变的脑区。 结果　静息状态下,AD组患者右侧海马(BA28)及海马旁回(BA36)、左额下回(BA47) 、双侧小脑后叶脑区ALFF值较正常对照组增高,差异有统计学意义( P < 0.001, 未校正);AD组患者楔前叶(BA 7)、后扣带回(BA31) 、左侧丘脑ALFF值较正常对照组减少,差异有统计学意义( P < 0 .001, 未校正)。 结论 AD患者静息态下脑功能区ALFF值产生显著变化。     

低频振幅算法功能磁共振成像对双侧海马硬化颞叶癫痫的研究

目的 采用静息功能磁共振成像低频振幅(ALFF)技术,探讨颞叶癫痫脑活动的神经机制.方法 采用功能磁共振成像技术,观察伴有双侧海马硬化(HS)的内侧颞叶癫痫(mTLE)患者脑血氧水平依赖信号活动的改变.对南京军区南京总医院20例伴有HS的mTLE患者及20名正常志愿者进行静息态数据采集,并计算出各受试者ALFF值;采用两样本t检验,以P＜0.01水平观察TLE患者相对正常人,ALFF增高及降低的区域.结果 相比正常人,TLE患者BOLD信号ALFF改变的区域呈双侧对称分布.ALFF升高区域以边缘叶为中心进行分布:包括双侧海马旁回、杏仁核、脑干网状结构区、下丘脑、部分扣带回等边缘系统;双侧感觉运动区、枕叶、颞下回及眶额回等新皮层区;以及中脑腹侧及小脑内侧等皮层下结构,以右中央前回(15,-12,51)为最大ALFF增高区(T=6.02).ALFF幅度降低的区域包括:扣带回前部、内侧前额叶及楔前叶等经典缺省模式区域,双背外侧前额叶及颞上回,双豆状核头部、中脑背侧结构及小脑后叶等结构,以小脑(3,-78,-21)为最大ALFF降低区(T=-4.42).结论 ALFF功能磁共振成像技术可以对癫痫引起的脑活动改变情况进行观察.ALFF增高的脑区反映了大脑对癫痫活动的产生、传播等易化作用,边缘叶在TLE中起着重要作用;ALFF降低区域反映了大脑对癫痫活动的抑制,尤其是缺省模式功能的受抑制.     

阿尔茨海默病静息态默认模式网络研究

目的：定位和研究阿尔茨海默病（ AD）患者与健康人静息态默认网络的差异,为临床早期诊断阿尔茨海默病提供影像学依据。方法分别对18例临床诊断为AD的患者和一般情况（年龄、性别、受教育程度）匹配的健康志愿者进行磁共振扫描及静息态磁共振扫描,使用独立成分分析方法进行图像后处理,并采用最佳匹配法提取静息态网络。结果 AD患者的静息态默认网络主要包括内侧前额叶皮质、后扣带回、左侧顶叶皮质。正常人的默认网络包括内侧前额叶皮质、后扣带回、楔前叶、双侧顶叶皮质。 AD患者比正常人默认网络中显著增强的部分为内侧前额叶皮质、后扣带回以及腹侧前扣带回的前部。结论 AD患者与正常人的静息态默认网络存在差异,为AD的早期诊断提供了一种影像学方法。     

注意缺陷多动障碍儿童静息功能磁共振低频振幅成像与症状评分相关研究

目的 运用功能磁共振(fMRI)静息态低频振幅(ALFF)方法 比较注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童静息脑活动与正常儿童的差别;结合症状评分量表探讨ADHD症状严重程度与静息自发脑活动是否存在相关性.方法 学龄期ADHD32例,年龄及受教育程度匹配的正常儿童30名,分别采集两组儿童的静息状态fMRI脑血氧水平依赖(BOLD)信号,ALFF处理两组BOLD图像,进行双样本t检验获取显著性激活脑区图(P＜0.01).对ADHD组每个儿童症状评分量表(RS-Ⅳ)总分与提取的相应显著性脑区ALFF值进行相关分析获得相关显著脑区.结果 ADHD与正常组比较,ALFF值减低脑区:右额上回(BA9,t=-4.61),左额上回内侧(BA10,t=-3.63),左额中回(BA46,t=-4.09)及左前扣带回(BA24,t =-4.02).ALFF值增加脑区:左眶额叶内侧(BA11,t=3.52),右楔叶(t=3.93),右枕中回(BA19,t=3.82),右侧小脑(BA37,t=3.77),右颞中回(BA37,t=3.76),左旁中央小叶(BA6,t=3.77).ADHD组ALFF与RS-Ⅳ总分相关显著脑区:左额上回内侧(P=0.009,r=0.492),右楔叶(P=0.024,r=0.433).结论 静息状态下ADHD的前额叶自发活动水平低下,某些功能相关脑区活动增强可作为补偿机制;左额叶及右楔叶的静息自发活动水平与ADHD症状严重程度呈正相关.     

氟比洛芬酯对三叉神经痛静息态功能磁共振成像低频振荡振幅的影响

目的 采用静息态功能磁共振成像(fMRI)技术和低频振荡振幅(ALFF)方法,探讨三叉神经痛患者给予氟比洛芬酯后的脑功能变化特点。方法 用1.5T磁共振成像仪采集20例三叉神经痛患者给予氟比洛芬酯治疗前、后的静息态fMRI数据。采用统计参数图和数据处理工具箱脑成像分析软件对静息态fMRI数据进行预处理,然后用ALFF分析比较氟比洛芬酯治疗前后大脑自发性活动的低频振荡振幅的差异。结果 给予氟比洛芬酯注射液后的患者疼痛强度视觉模拟评分低于给药前,疼痛有明显缓解(P=0.000)。在静息状态下给予氟比洛芬酯注射液后的患者与给药前相比,其右背外侧前额叶、双侧内侧前额叶和右中扣带回区域的ALFF值均降低(P=0.000)。结论 氟比洛芬酯的镇痛作用存在中枢作用机制,抑制因为慢性疼痛刺激引起的脑功能活动异常部位,从而减低疼痛,但具体的中枢作用机制还需要进一步研究和探讨。     

重性抑郁症基于低频振幅的静息态功能磁共振成像结果观察

目的 探讨重性抑郁症(MDD)基于低频振幅(ALFF)的静息态功能磁共振成像(fMRI)结果。方法 前瞻性选取2017年1月至2019年1月在本院心理门诊就诊的重性抑郁症患者35例作为MDD组,选择同期在本院进行体检的健康志愿者35例作为对照组。比较两组fMRI不同脑区mALFF值(ALFF值M化处理获得)的不同。结果MDD组患者右侧前额叶皮质、右侧颞上回、右侧颞下回、左侧岛叶、左侧额内侧回、左侧直回的mALFF值较对照组明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。MDD组患者双侧补充运动区、右侧舌回、左侧楔前叶、左侧舌回的mALFF值较对照组明显减低,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 MDD患者静息态下右侧前额叶皮质、右侧颞上回、右侧颞下回、左侧岛叶、左侧额内侧回、左侧直回的mALFF值增加,双侧补充运动区、双侧舌回、左侧楔前叶m ALFF值降低,这些脑区神经功能损害可能为引发MDD的基础。     

脑震荡后认知功能障碍患者内侧前额叶皮质功能连接变化的fMRI研究

目的 利用静息态功能磁共振成像探讨脑震荡综合征(PCS)患者内侧前额叶皮质功能连接变化及其意义. 方法 PCS患者27例,同期招募27例健康对照者,采集并处理静息态f-MRI数据,分别以左右侧内侧前额叶作为感兴趣区与全脑进行功能连接计算,得出PCS患者内侧前额叶与全脑功能连接有改变的脑区.结果 左侧内侧前额叶与双侧豆状核、左侧脑岛、双侧额下回眶部、右侧颞中回、额上回、额中回、额下回功能连接减弱,与左侧梭状回、左侧颞上回、左侧颞中回及左侧顶上小叶功能连接增强;右侧内侧前额叶与双侧顶下小叶、右侧距状回、左侧中央前回及中央后回功能连接减弱,与左侧海马旁回及右侧颞下回功能连接增强(P<0.05).结论 静息状态下PCS患者内侧前额叶的功能连接存在异常,可能是导致PCS患者认知障碍的原因之一.     

轻度脑外伤患者静息态功能性磁共振成像及弥散张量成像研究

目的：利用静息态功能磁共振成像（fMRI）低频振幅（ALFF）联合弥散张量成像（DTI）评价轻度脑外伤（MTBI）患者脑功能活动;探讨ALFF异常脑区DTI的变化。方法：17例MTBI患者（MTBI组）与17例健康者（对照组）行静息态脑fMRI及DTI扫描。用入院时格拉斯哥昏迷评分及伤后6个月的简易精神状态评价量表（MMSE）评分,评估MTBI神经认知功能的变化。结果：静息状态下,MTBI组双侧额叶、小脑后叶ALFF升高,右侧丘脑、海马、脑干、双侧枕叶、左侧中央后回和右侧放射冠ALFF降低（P〈0.005）,双侧海马、左侧丘脑、右侧小脑的表观弥散系数降低,双侧额叶、脑干及左枕叶的各向异性分数降低（P〈0.05）。两组间MMSE评分有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：静息状态下,MTBI患者脑功能与微观结构存在异常。     

阿尔茨海默患者大脑功能网络的中央节点性改变

目的网络的中央节点性是对网络中某节点重要性的评估指标,反映了该节点的信息传递能力。本研究基于静息态fMRI数据,采用图论方法探讨阿尔茨海默病（Alzhemier’Sdisease,AD）对大脑功能网络中央节点性的影响。方法采集33例AD患者和20例正常老年人的静息态BOLD—fMRI数据,应用SPM5和DPARSF软件进行预处理,提取大脑90个区域的平均时间序列构建相关矩阵,以网络代价Cost为阈值,计算Cost=0．2时两组受试者90个脑区的中央节点性值,用双样本t检验分析AD组90个脑区的中央节点性值与正常人是否存在显著差异。结果阿尔茨海默病患者右扣带回后部（近枕下回）、右舌回和右豆状核壳的中央节点性值较正常人显著降低,右枕中回、左缘上回和左颞极颞上回的中央节点性值较正常人显著增高。结论AD患者扣带回后部及豆状核等脑区的信息传递能力降低。脑内可能存在代偿机制,以代偿这些重要脑区的功能减低。     

海洛因依赖者低频振幅算法功能性磁共振研究

目的 采用静息态功能性磁共振成像的低频振幅技术,探讨海洛因依赖者脑活动的神经机制及其意义.方法 运用功能性磁共振技术观察海洛因成瘾者的脑血氧水平依赖信号的改变;对15例海洛因海洛因依赖者和15名正常志愿者进行静息态数据采集,然后运用低频振幅算法对采集后的静息态数据进行分析,得到每个被试的低频振幅统计图,最后对两组进行双样本t检验,以P＜0.05,t＞2.060为阈值显示海洛因依赖者相对于正常人ALFF增高和减弱的区域.结果 海洛因依赖组和正常对照组相比ALFF减弱的脑区分布在右颞叶(45,-30,-21)、左侧海马(-36,-33,-6)、右侧丘脑(24,-12,27)、左侧后扣带回(-15,-54,24)、右侧顶叶及楔前叶(21,-51,36)、右侧顶下小叶(45,-42,63)、右侧额叶背外侧面(21,-48,78);而海洛因依赖组在左侧前额叶(0,39,72)ALFF明显高于对照组.结论 海洛因依赖者静息状态下表现出异常的脑功能活动方式,这些异常的活动可能与海洛因依赖的产生、维持及戒断后复吸密切相关.

Abstract：

Objective To study the changes of amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) of the resting state fMRI in heroin abuser (HD), and discussed its underlying neurophysiological mechanism.Methods The resting state fMRI data of 15 heroin abusers and 15 normal volunteers were analyzed by ALFF.The amplitude of the blood oxygenation level dependent activation of the resting state brain was investigated.The brain structures showing increased and decreased ALFF in TLE patients were demonstrated by comparing to normal subjects with 2-sample t -test with threshold of P＜0.05.Results Compared with normal subjects,the regions showing decreased ALFF in HD patients were distributed in right temporal lobe(45, - 30, -21 ) ,left hippocampus( - 36,- 33, - 6), right thalamus ( 24, - 12,27 ), left posterior cingulum gyrus ( - 15, - 54,24 ), right parietal lobe /precuneus ( 21, - 51,36 ), right inferior parietal lobule ( 21, - 48,78 ) and dorsal lateral aspect of the right frontal lobe(21, - 48,78) ,while ALLF of left(45, - 42,63 ) lateral frontal cortex(0 ,39,72) in HD patients was significantly higher.Conclusion HD shows abnormal brain functional organization in resting state, which may play an important role in the production, maintenance and relapse after withdrawal of heroin abuse.