Oral lesions in Crohn's disease: report of two cases and update of the literature.

A review of twenty-two previously reported cases and two new cases of oral lesions of Crohn's disease shows that there is a predilection for occurrence in certain anatomic sites and that the appearance of lesions is dependent on location. The most frequently affected areas and their respective appearances are the buccal mucosa, showing a cobblestone pattern; the vestibule, demonstrating linear, hyperplastic folds and ulcers; and the lips, appearing diffusely swollen and indurated. Less frequent are lesions of the gingiva and alveolar mucosa, which reveal a granular, erythematous swelling, and the palate, represented by multiple ulcers of the aphthous type. The significance of the clinical lesions and their microscopic features id discussed, as is a differential diagnosis in similar-appearing lesions.     

Expression of E-cadherin in oral cancer cell lines and its relationship to invasiveness in SCID mice in vivo

We examined the expression of E-cadherin in nine oral cancer cell lines. HSC-4, NA, ZA, HOC927 and Ca9-22 cells strongly expressed E-cadherin [E-CD(++) cell line] and HSC-2 and HSC-3 cells weakly expressed E-cadherin [E-CD(+) cell line]. All the cell lines that expressed E-cadherin were of cuboidal morphology and formed cobblestone colonies. In contrast, TSU and HOC313 cells had spindle shapes, formed dispersed colonies, and were completely negative for E-cadherin [E-CD(-) cell line]. Moreover, all cell lines that expressed E-cadherin showed tumorgenicity in SCID mice, but E-CD(-) cell lines did not show tumorgenicity. The tumors derived from E-CD(+) cell lines invaded deeper into the connective tissues than those from E-CD(++) cell lines. In immunohistochemical analysis, the difference was more marked at the edges of the cancer nests. These results suggest that E-cadherin expression was relevant to the cell forms and the differential grade of cultured cells and that reduced E-cadherin in oral cancer may be associated with invasiveness in vivo.     

Plasma cell mucositis of the oral cavity: report of a case and review of the literature

Plasma cell mucositis (PCM) is a rare plasma cell proliferative disorder of the upper aerodigestive tract with an unknown etiology. Including the present case, only 22 cases have been reported in the English-language literature. PCM affects adult patients at an average age of 56.6 years. Clinical features are an intensely erythematous mucosa with papillomatous, cobblestone, nodular, or velvety surface changes. Symptoms include oral pain of long duration, dysphagia, persistent hoarseness, and pharyngitis. The majority of cases have a history of autoimmune or immunologically mediated disease. The histopathologic features of a dense, submucosal plasma cell infiltrate are not specific and must be differentiated from other reactive and neoplastic conditions. Diagnosis of PCM depends on clinical pathologic correlations. The present case was complicated by evidence of a monoclonal plasma cell population. The significance of this case is the differentiation of a benign disease from one that is potentially life threatening.     

人静脉畸形内皮细胞的分离培养和鉴定

目的 建立一个稳定的人血管畸形内皮细胞体外培养体系。方法 取人静脉畸形组织块接种于铺有明胶底层的培养瓶中进行原代及传代培养。通过早期去除组织块、机械刮除及酶消化法纯化内皮细胞。对培养的细胞进行形态学观察及免疫组化染色等一系列细胞定性研究。结果 获取的内皮细胞可连续传代4－5代,成活40－50d;生长于玻璃、塑料上的细胞呈铺路石状;生长于明胶底层上的细胞可形成毛细血管样结构;电镜下可见细胞具有Weiber-Palade小体特征性超微结构;CD34及vWF免疫组化染色阳性,α－SMA染色阴性。结论 应用此培养方法可获得纯化的血管畸形内皮细胞,且细胞可连续传代培养。培养的血管畸形内皮细胞可用于体外研究血管畸形的生物学行为。     

Characterization of human primary enamel organ epithelial cells in vitro

Tooth enamel is formed by ameloblasts, which are derived from the epithelial cells of the enamel organ. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to grow human ameloblast-like epithelial cells in culture. DESIGN: Human fetal tooth organs were isolated, and the cells were separated by digestion in collagenase/dispase. The cells were cultured in KGM-2 media with and without serum and at different calcium concentrations. The expression of enamel matrix proteins was analyzed by RT-PCR and cytokeratin 14 was detected by immunohistochemistry. The cells were further characterized by osteogenesis/odontogenesis-related DNA array. RESULTS: Cells isolated from the tooth organs grown in KGM-2 media containing 2-10% serum, were mixture of cobblestone and spindle shaped cells. Culturing these cells in KGM-2 with 0.05 mM calcium was selective for cobblestone ameloblasts-like cells (CAB), which were immunopositive for cytokeratin 14. Amelogenin, ameloblastin, enamelin, MMP-20 and KLK-4 were detected in CAB cells by RT-PCR. Osteogenesis SuperArray analyses could not detect the presence of typical molecules related to mesenchymal odontoblast or osteoblast lineage cells in these cultures. CONCLUSIONS: These studies showed that cobblestone-shaped ameloblast-like cells are selected from the tooth organ cells, by culture in KGM-2 media with 0.05 mM calcium.     

General medicine and surgery for dental practitioners. Part 3: gastrointestinal system

Diseases of the gastrointestinal (GI) system can be relevant to the dental surgeon for several reasons. The mouth may display signs of the disease itself, for example the cobblestone mucosa, facial or labial swelling of Crohn's disease, or the osteomata of Gardner's syndrome. These are well covered elsewhere and not discussed further here. The sequelae of GI disease, for example gastric reflux producing dental erosion, iron deficiency anaemia and treatment such as corticosteroid therapy may all have a bearing on management and choice of anaesthesia.     

Role of Transforming Growth Factor‐beta1 in Cyclosporine‐Induced Epithelial‐to‐Mesenchymal Transition in Gingival Epithelium

Background: It has been proposed that cyclosporin A (CsA) may induce epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in gingiva. The aims of the present study are to confirm the notion that EMT occurs in human gingival epithelial (hGE) cells after CsA treatment and to investigate the role of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF‐β1) on this CsA‐induced EMT. Methods: The effects of CsA, with and without TGF‐β1 inhibitor, on the morphologic changes of primary culture of hGE cells were examined in vitro. The changes of protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of two EMT markers (E‐cadherin and alpha‐smooth muscle actin) in the hGE cells after CsA treatment with and without TGF‐β1 inhibitor were evaluated with immunocytochemistry and real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The epithelial cells became spindle‐like, elongated, and disassociated from neighboring cells and lost their original cobblestone monolayer pattern when CsA was added. However, the epithelial cells stayed in their original cobblestone morphology with treatment of TGF‐β1 inhibitor on top of the CsA treatment. When CsA was given, the protein and mRNA expressions of E‐cadherin and α‐SMA were significantly altered, and these alterations were significantly reversed with pretreatment of TGF‐β1 inhibitor. Conclusions: CsA could induce Type 2 EMT in gingiva by changing the morphology of epithelial cells and altering the EMT markers/effectors. The CsA‐induced gingival EMT is dependent or at least partially dependent on TGF‐β1.     

��ͬʱ����ʴ������������ʱ�����̬ɨ��羵�۲��о�

目的探讨正畸临床牙釉质的最佳酸处理时间。方法从2005年大连市口腔医院外科门诊200颗正畸减数拔除的双尖牙中挑选出13颗作为样本,随机抽取其中3颗作为对照,未作酸处理。10颗进行酸处理的实验牙用约1mm宽的蜡条沿牙冠颊轴嵴作分界线,蜡条覆盖部分作为对照区。扫描电镜下观察未酸蚀的对照牙、实验牙对照区和经过15s和60s酸蚀处理后的实验牙釉质表面形态。结果镜下观察结果显示:酸蚀前釉质表面多较为光滑,似云片、积雪状外观;酸蚀后在小部分样本釉质表面中看到典型的蜂窝样和鹅卵石样形态。构成比显示60s酸蚀组较15s酸蚀组釉质丢失量多。结论60s酸蚀组较15s酸蚀组釉质丢失更严重,为了尽可能地减少酸蚀粘接对牙釉质的损害,正畸临床可将酸蚀时间适当减少。     

端粒酶催化亚单位转染血管内皮细胞的实验研究

目的探讨端粒酶催化亚单位转染血管内皮细胞后,血管内皮细胞增生活性的变化。方法应用胶原酶消化法培养脐静脉血管内皮细胞(UE),ABC法检测内皮细胞CD34表达。脂质体介导内皮细胞转染,MTT法测定细胞代谢活性并测定细胞生长曲线。基于逆转录聚合酶链反应的端粒重复末端扩增分析法检测端粒酶活性表达。结果培养的细胞贴壁后为单层呈铺路石状排列。细胞爬片CD34染色呈阳性,pBABE-HYGRO-hERT转染内皮细胞测定端粒酶活性的吸光度为0.889. NIT],实验表明:在各个时间点转染阳性细胞(HC)的吸光值都高于脐静脉血管内皮细胞(UE)(P<0.05). UE与HC的细胞生长曲线形态相似,8d内HC数量增长了约4倍。在各个时间点HC 较UE细胞数多(P < 0.05)。结论pBABE-HYGRO-hTERT转染内皮细胞后,提高了内皮细胞端粒酶的活性和增殖能力。     

人淋巴管内皮细胞的分离和鉴定

目的:分离培养人淋巴管内皮细胞(LECs),为研究淋巴管新生在淋巴管瘤复发及肿瘤淋巴结转移中的作用奠定基础。方法:HE染色和免疫组织化学法了解人淋巴管瘤的组织病理特征;胶原酶消化法从淋巴管瘤组织中分离淋巴管内皮细胞;光镜和透射电镜观察淋巴管内皮细胞的形态和超微结构;MTT法检测细胞体外增殖。结果:HE染色显示舌淋巴管瘤中具有大量扩张的管腔,免疫组织化学染色显示管腔内皮细胞表达FLT-4、和LYVE-1;体外培养的淋巴管内皮细胞呈"铺路石"样外观;在透射电子显微镜下,观察到淋巴管内皮细胞特征性细胞器如weibel-palade小体、胞质小突和质膜小泡;MTT结果显示细胞于第3天开始进入增殖活跃期,第5天进入高峰期,第6、7天进入平台期;在Ⅰ型胶原凝胶中细胞形成管腔样结构。结论:应用胶原酶消化法可以有效的从淋巴管瘤组织中分离得到淋巴管内皮细胞。     

端粒酶催化亚单位转染血管内皮细胞的实验研究

目的 探讨端粒酶催化亚单位转染血管内皮细胞后,血管内皮细胞增生活性的变化。方法 应用胶原酶消化法培养脐静脉血管内皮细胞(UE),ABC法检测内皮细胞CD34表达。脂质体介导内皮细胞转染,MTT法测定细胞代谢活性并测定细胞生长曲线。基于逆转录聚合酶链反应的端粒重复末端扩增分析法检测端粒酶活性表达。结果 培养的细胞贴壁后为单层呈铺路石状排列。细胞爬片CD34染色呈阳性,pBABE-HYGRO-hERT转染内皮细胞测定端粒酶活性的吸光度为0.889。MTT实验表明:在各个时间点转染阳性细胞(HC)的吸光值都高于脐静脉血管内皮细胞(UE)(P<0.05)。UE与HC的细胞生长曲线形态相似,8 d内HC数量增长了约4倍。在各个时间点:HC较UE细胞数多(P<0.05)。结论 pBABE-HYGRO-hTERT转染内皮细胞后,提高了内皮细胞端粒酶的活性和增殖能力。     

Scanning electron microscopy of dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA)-treated hamster cheek pouch

The aim of the present study was to describe changes which could be regarded as a result of neoplastic rather than inflammatory processes. Fifty-five weeks after 6 weeks of DMBA application to the cheek pouches of 5 male hamsters there were 4 types of lesion: larger ulcerated sessile: smaller non-ulcerated sessile: non-ulcerated pedunculated; conical projections. These and the rest of the pouches were examined by scanning electron and light microscopy. The interlesional mucosa, non-ulcerated sessile lesions and conical projections were covered by flat polygonal cells with either a honeycomb surface pattern of interconnecting microridges, or microridges arranged into more parallel lines. Cell imprints and boundaries were formed by linear ridges, grooves or both. Pedunculated lesions had flat smooth-surfaced cells and cells with a honeycomb surface pattern. None of these lesions were carcinomas by light microscopy but the ulcerated sessile lesions were. The appearance of the cells on the ulcerated lesions varied: flat, with a variable number of short microvilli that were often knob-like, isolated short microridges, or both: plump, giving a cobblestone appearance with surfaces that were smooth, covered by microvilli, short microridges or both. Such appearances have been described as characteristic for dysplastic and malignant stratified squamous epithelium in a number of sites. Further study of both experimental and naturally occurring mucosal disease is needed to validate this.     

口腔卫生师的职业与职责

口腔卫生师(hygienist)是口腔医疗卫生保健的特殊职业,是口腔卫生保健的专业人才,是口腔疾病预防的主力,作为口腔医学的重要组成部分,组成了口腔医疗的基本结构单元.口腔卫生师有明确的职业特征和社会属性,在大众的口腔医疗卫生保健中发挥独特的重要作用.口腔卫生师通过口腔卫生宣教,提高大众的口腔健康素质和修养;通过口腔照...     

急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿的口腔健康管理

急性淋巴细胞白血病是儿童最常见的白血病类型.近年来急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿的治疗和预后已有显著的提高,但该病及其治疗措施可导致多种口腔并发症,影响进一步治疗,对患儿影响大,不利于疾病的控制.为提高患儿生存质量,本文围绕急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿口腔健康状况及口腔健康管理作一综述,为临床提供参考.文献回顾表明,针对急性淋巴细胞...     

端粒酶活性在口腔鳞状细胞癌中的表达研究

目的　了解端粒酶活性在口腔鳞状细胞癌中的表达情况并探讨端粒酶活性在口腔鳞状细胞癌演变过程中的作用。方法　对 37例口腔鳞状细胞癌、2 0例癌前病变 (白斑 )、15例口腔良性肿瘤 (乳头状瘤 )及 12例正常口腔组织 ,采用聚合酶链反应 -酶联免疫吸附法检测其端粒酶活性。结果　口腔鳞状细胞癌中的端粒酶活性阳性率明显高于良性肿瘤组织和正常组织。口腔癌前病变组与鳞状细胞癌组基本一致。结论　端粒酶可稳定染色体末端的端粒结构,端粒酶活化在口腔肿瘤恶变过程中起重要作用;端粒酶可作为判断癌变能力的良好分子生物学标志。     

Improving oral health and oral health care delivery for children

National and state-level evidence has documented ongoing disparities in children's health and utilization of oral health care services, prompting a re-examination of factors associated with poor oral health and low use of oral health services. These efforts have yielded a wide array of proposals for improving children's oral health and oral health care delivery. This paper offers a perspective on the current context of efforts to improve children's oral health and oral health care delivery.     

白斑脱落粘膜上皮细胞与组织上皮细胞微核率相关性分析

目的 检测口腔白班患者脱落粘膜细胞微核细胞率及相应组织细胞微核细胞率,并进行相关性分析,为将该项指标应用于口腔白斑的治疗和判断预后提供依据。方法 采用Ｆｅｕｇｌｅｎ染色方法,对５９例单纯增生、３２例轻和中度异常增生性白斑及２８例重度异常增生性白斑和口腔鳞癌患者的口腔脱落粘膜细胞和组织上皮细胞微核进行了检测,同时检测了１００例健康人的口腔脱落粘膜细胞微核作为正常对照。结果 口腔白斑患者脱落粘膜细胞微     

Oral lichen planus: a condition with more persistence and extra‐oral involvement than suspected?

Background: Lichen planus is a relatively common and often studied chronic mucocutaneous condition. Reports detailing certain aspects relevant to patients affected have been lacking or inconsistent. Methods: A questionnaire‐based survey was employed to assess the duration of oral lesions and the prevalence of self‐reported potential extra‐oral manifestations associated with oral lichen planus in 87 patients. All patients had recognized clinical features of oral lichen planus, and most had had histopathological confirmation following oral biopsy. Results: We report the findings of a preliminary survey which assessed the duration of oral lesions and the prevalence of extra‐oral lesions consistent with lichen planus in patients presenting with oral lesions. The study confirmed the chronic nature of oral lichen planus and the rarity of spontaneous resolution. Most subjects had experienced symptoms for one to ten years (66 patients; 75.8%). Approximately 40% (36 patients) of the sample reported clinical features suggestive of extra‐oral manifestations of lichen planus by the time that their oral lesions were apparent. The most commonly reported extra‐oral manifestations involved the nails (27.6%, 24 patients). 25.3% (22 patients) reported a persistently sore throat suggestive of oesophageal or pharyngeal involvement. Skin (17.2%, 11 patients), and genital (10.3%, 9 patients) involvement was relatively infrequently reported. Most patients reported extra‐oral lesions at only one site. Conclusions: The survey results suggest that in patients with oral lichen planus oral lesions persist for a prolonged period, and that extra‐oral lesions may be more common than suspected. However, further studies involving specialists to examine extra‐oral sites are required.     

1例表现为非典型性血管增生的放射性口腔黏膜炎

放射性口腔黏膜炎是因放射线电离辐射引起的口腔黏膜损伤,常表现为口腔黏膜充血、糜烂和溃疡,表现为非典型性血管增生的情况国内外未见报道。本文首次报道1例颌面部恶性肿瘤放疗后发生口腔黏膜非典型性血管增生改变的病例,结合该病例的诊治情况及既往文献报道,讨论了颌面部放射治疗导致口腔黏膜出现非典型性血管增生的发生机制及其治疗方案。     

Evaluation of an oral health education program for nursing personnel in special housing facilities for the elderly. Part II: Clinical aspects

In Sweden, efforts are being made to create strategies for evaluating realistic dental treatment needs among the elderly, who are retaining more natural teeth. These strategies focus on the importance of maintaining adequate oral hygiene. Elderly in long-term-care facilities often depend on nursing personnel for carrying out daily oral hygiene procedures. Therefore, the nursing personnel's knowledge about and attitudes toward oral health make oral health education for health care professionals an important concern. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical oral health outcome in residents after their caregivers had undergone a one-session, four-hour oral health education program. The study consisted of an intervention with a pre- and a post-test and was carried out in three municipalities in the southwestern part of Sweden. A newly developed oral health screening protocol was carried out for 170 subjects living in long-term-care facilities both before and 3–4 months after nursing personnel had attended an oral health education program. Following the Intervention, a statistically significant improvement was recorded for changes in oral mucosal color, a modi-fled plaque index which measured oral hygiene status, and a mucosal index which recorded mucosal inflammation. This study indicated that a limited, one-session, four-hour oral health education, offered to caregivers within long-term-care facilities, had a positive impact on the oral health status of residents.