p27在慢性粒细胞白血病中表达的研究

目的:研究细胞周期蛋白依赖激酶抑制物p27在慢性粒细胞白血病(CML)患者中的表达,探讨p27在CML中的作用机制及其临床意义。方法:应用蛋白印迹(Western蛳blot)(DAB显色与化学发光显示)法检测27例CML患者及10例对照组p27的表达,分析p27在CML中有无异常表达及其表达与病情进展和预后的关系。结果:27例CML患者化学发光法显示p27阳性表达率(37.04 %)明显低于对照组(80.00 %)(P<0.05)。在27例CML患者中,p27阳性表达率在高危、中危、低危3组中分别为0、28.57 %、44.44 %;高危组与低危组间有明显差异(P<0.05),而高危组与中危组、中危组与低危组间无差异。化学发光法结果优于DAB显色法。结论:p27在CML中有异常低表达,提示p27在CML中有抑癌基因的作用,其表达水平可能与CML患者的病情进展及预后相关。     

Sokal和Hasford积分系统在慢性粒细胞白血病研究中的临床意义比较

 目的 比较Sokal和Hasford积分系统在研究慢性粒细胞白血病（CML）中的临床意义。方法 204例患者按治疗方案与两种积分系统分别进行分组,比较干扰素两种积分系统对慢性期CML患者生存期的影响,并在不同危险度组内观察干扰素对患者生存期的影响。结果 干扰素、Sokal和Hasford积分系统对CML患者的预后均有显著影响（P均<0.001）,但多变量分析发现仅有Hasford积分是影响预后的独立因素。在Hasford中高危组与Sokal高危组内,干扰素并不能明显延长患者的生存时间。结论 Sokal和Hasford积分系统能较好地预测CML 患者的预后,对确定高危组患者后者更为准确。按预后评分系统将患者分组,有利于治疗方案的合理选择。     

CIK细胞对慢性粒细胞白血病G0期CD34+白血病细胞的杀伤作用

目的研究细胞因子诱导杀伤细胞(cytokine induced killer,CIK)对慢性粒细胞白血病(chronic myeloid leukemia,CML)中G0期原始干细胞(CD34+)的杀伤作用.方法5例CML慢性期患者外周血标本在体外诱导培养CIK细胞,流式细胞仪(FCM)检测其表型.G带法检测CIK细胞核型.应用免疫磁珠技术分选CD34+CML白血病细胞,AO染色后利用FCM检测CIK细胞对G0期CD34+CML白血病细胞的杀伤作用.半固体培养法检测CIK细胞对正常骨髓CFU-GM、BFU-E集落的影响.结果CIK细胞在培养第3周时,CD3+细胞数量达(97.29±3.55)%,CD3+CD56+细胞绝对数量增加了356倍,染色体分析证实,CIK细胞为正常核型,流式细胞仪检测CIK细胞对G0期CD34+CML白血病细胞平均杀伤率为66.73%.对照组与加入CIK细胞组的CFU-GM集落数分别为150±16和145±20,差异无统计学意义,P=0.38;两组的BFU-E集落数分别为68±5和65±8,差异无统计学意义,P=0.23.集落类型、大小两组相似,差异无统计学意义,P=0.46.结论CIK细胞可从CML患者外周血中大量扩增,来源于正常淋巴细胞,对G0期CD34+CML白血病细胞有明显抑制作用,对正常造血前体细胞无抑制作用,可作为过继细胞免疫治疗的效应细胞治疗CML.     

干扰素联合反义寡核苷酸体外净化慢粒白血病骨髓

目的 :探讨干扰素 α2 a、bcr/ abl反义寡核苷酸对慢性粒细胞白血病骨髓体外净化效果。方法 :采用体外克隆形成培养技术 ,分别用于干扰素 α2 a、bcr/ abl反义寡核苷酸不同的组合方案 ,进行体外净化 5例慢性粒细胞白血病 (CML )骨髓。结果 :联用 IFN-α2 a(1× 10 6U / L )、bcr/ abl AS- ODN(4 0 mg/ L )方案 ,对白血病细胞克隆形成单位 (L - CFU )抑制作用有显著差异 (P<0 .0 1) ,而相同条件下 ,GM- CFU及 L - CFU的集落存活率分别为 30 .0 6 %和 8.9% (P<0 .0 1)。结论 :联用 IFN -α2 a(1× 10 6U / L )、bcr/ abl AS- ODN(4 0 mg/ L )方案 ,选择性体外净化慢性粒细胞白血病细胞的效果好 ,可用于临床净化 CML骨髓     

造血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病疗效分析

 目的　比较自体与异体造血干细胞移植 (HSCT)治疗白血病和非霍杰金氏淋巴瘤 (NHL)的疗效和移植相关死亡。方法　 2 2 2例白血病和NHL中 ,112例接受自体HSCT、110例接受异体HSCT ,其中38例急性早幼粒细胞白血病 (M3 )和 36例NHL均为自体HSCT。移植预处理方案包括 :14 9例TBI +Cy、2 3例改良Bucy、5 0例MACC方案。 结果　全部患者均获得造血重建 ,在自体与异体移植后白细胞>1.0× 10 9/L和血小板 >2 0× 10 9/L的时间 ,二组分别为 (14 .3± 6 .1)d和 (17.8± 9.2 )d与 (15 .1±4 .6 )d和 (19.6± 10 .3)d ,二组比较造血重建时间无差异 (P >0 .0 1)。非M3 白血病自体与异体移植后 5年估计无病生存率为 (5 2 .0± 5 .8) %和 (6 2 .4± 6 .2 ) %、复发率为 (44 .7%和 14 .5 % ) ,M3 白血病自体移植无病生存率 (93.6± 4 .4 ) %、复发率 5 .3% ,NHL自体移植无病生存率 (6 6 .3± 8.0 ) %、复发率 2 2...     

CIK细胞对慢性粒细胞白血病G0期CD34+白血病细胞的杀伤作用

目的研究细胞因子诱导杀伤细胞(cytokine induced killer,CIK)对慢性粒细胞白血病(chronic myeloid leukemia,CML)中G0期原始干细胞(CD34+)的杀伤作用。方法5例CML慢性期患者外周血标本在体外诱导培养CIK细胞,流式细胞仪(FCM)检测其表型。G带法检测CIK细胞核型。应用免疫磁珠技术分选CD34+CML白血病细胞,AO染色后利用FCM检测CIK细胞对G0期CD34+CML白血病细胞的杀伤作用。半固体培养法检测CIK细胞对正常骨髓CFU-GM、BFU-E集落的影响。结果CIK细胞在培养第3周时,CD3+细胞数量达(97.29±3.55)%,CD3+CD56+细胞绝对数量增加了356倍,染色体分析证实,CIK细胞为正常核型,流式细胞仪检测CIK细胞对G0期CD34+CML白血病细胞平均杀伤率为66.73%。对照组与加入CIK细胞组的CFU-GM集落数分别为150±16和145±20,差异无统计学意义,P=0.38;两组的BFU-E集落数分别为68±5和65±8,差异无统计学意义,P=0.23。集落类型、大小两组相似,差异无统计学意义,P=0.46。结论CIK细胞可从CML患者外周血中大量扩增,来源于正常淋巴细胞,对G0期CD34+CML白血病细胞有明显抑制作用,对正常造血前体细胞无抑制作用,可作为过继细胞免疫治疗的效应细胞治疗CML。     

不同评分系统评估慢性粒细胞白血病患者预后的比较

  目的  比较现有预后评分系统在新诊断的慢性粒细胞白血病（chronic myeloid leukemia,CML）患者中预测疗效及预后的有效性。识别治疗反应率和生存率明显较低的CML患者,有利于进行早期干预。进一步评估ELTS评分作为预测"CML相关性死亡发生率"这一新指标的能力。  方法  回顾性分析2010年1月至2019年12月连云港市第一人民医院确诊并接受一线伊马替尼治疗的172例慢性粒细胞白血病慢性期（chronic myeloid leukemia-chronic phase,CML-CP）患者,采用Sokal、Hasford、EUTOS及ELTS评分,将患者分为各个风险组并比较各评分系统对CML患者总生存期（overall survival,OS）、无进展生存期（progression free survival,PFS）、主要分子学反应（major molecular response,MMR）及与CML相关性死亡发生率等治疗效果和随访评估的作用。  结果  在172例患者中,EUTOS及ELTS评分系统能较好地预测MMR的累积发生率（P < 0.001,P=0.015）、OS（P < 0.001,P=0.001）和PFS（P < 0.001,P < 0.001）。但是,Sokal和Hasford评分均未能预测伊马替尼治疗CML-CP的反应和结果（均P>0.05）。ELTS评分在因CML导致相关性死亡方面,差异具有统计学意义（P < 0.010）,而Sokal、Hasford和EUTOS评分系统均未见显著性差异（P=0.07,P=0.10,P=0.08）,与其他3项预后评分相比,ELTS评分在预测与CML相关性死亡方面具有更高的准确性。  结论  在预测伊马替尼治疗的CML患者的结局方面,EUTOS、ELTS评分系统优于Sokal、Hasford评分。新的ELTS评分可以对一线伊马替尼治疗CML患者的长期抗白血病疗效进行更好地前瞻性评估。      

65例慢性粒细胞白血病染色体核型分析及其临床意义

目的:应用细胞遗传学分析方法研究65例慢性粒细胞白血病(CML)染色体异常特征及其临床意义.方法:采用短期培养法制备骨髓或外周血细胞染色体,以G显带对65例慢性粒细胞白血病患者进行染色体核型分析,并观察接受治疗后患者的临床转归.结果:65例慢性粒细胞白血病患者中,61例检出典型Ph染色体(93.85%) ,6例出现染色体数目异常(9.23%),3例出现复杂变异Ph易位(4.62%),4例出现附加染色体异常(6.15%),染色体数目异常者预后较差.结论:CML患者进行染色体分析对于疾病的临床治疗、预后判断具有重要意义.     

实时定量PCR分析CML患者胸腺近期输出功能

 目的　了解慢性粒细胞白血病 (CML)患者CD3+ 、CD4 + 和CD8+ 细胞中T细胞受体重排删除DNA环 (TRECs)的含量 ,从而推测CML患者的胸腺近期输出功能。方法　利用实时定量PCR(Taq Man)方法检测 8例CML患者外周血单个核细胞、3例CML患者CD4 + 和CD8+ 细胞中TRECs的水平。并根据外周血中CD3阳性率计算CD3+ 细胞中TRECs水平。 9例正常人外周血作为对照。结果　CML患者中TRECs含量为 0 .1± 0 .2 2 / 10 0 0T细胞 ,明显低于正常人TRECs水平 (6 .84± 4 .71/ 10 0 0T细胞 ,P <0 .0 1)。其中 5例患者外周血单个核细胞中未能检测到TRECs ,经分选CD4 + 和CD8+ 细胞后 ,2例可以检测到低水平的TRECs。结论　本研究首先报道了CML患者TRECs水平情况 ,结果显示其胸腺近期输出功能明显降低     

DNA含量的流式细胞仪检测在判断急性淋巴细胞白血病预后中的意义

目的 :探讨 DNA含量对急性淋巴细胞白血病 (AL L )的预后意义。方法 :用流式细胞仪(FCM)对 84例急性淋巴细胞白血病患者的骨髓或外周血单个核细胞 DNA含量进行测定 ,对其 DNA指数、细胞周期及其意义进行分析。结果 :84例急性淋巴细胞白血病异倍体检出率为 38.1% ,其中儿童AL L4 5 .5 % ,成人 AL L35 .5 %。复发 /难治组异倍体检出率高于初治组 (分别为 6 1.9%、30 .2 % ,P<0 .0 1) ,二组 S期和 S+G2 M期百分率差异有显著性 (9.7± 3.1,13.7± 5 .1和 2 0 .8± 4 .3,2 5 .7± 5 .6 ,P<0 .0 0 1)。对 5 3例患者 2 6月临床随访结果表明 ,不同类型异倍体组患者复发率不同。结论 :DNA异倍体与急性淋巴细胞白血病的预后有关 ;流式细胞仪 DNA含量检测简单、快速 ,可作为筛检 DNA异倍体的有效手段     

European Treatment and Outcome Study score does not predict imatinib treatment response and outcome in chronic myeloid leukemia patients

The Sokal and Hasford scores were developed in the chemotherapy and interferon era and are widely used as prognostic indicators in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Recently, a new European Treatment and Outcome Study (EUTOS) scoring system was developed. We performed a multicenter retrospective study to validate the effectiveness of each of the three scoring systems. The study cohort included 145 patients diagnosed with CML in chronic phase who were treated with imatinib. In the EUTOS low‐ and high‐risk groups, the cumulative incidence of complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) at 18 months was 86.9% and 87.5% (P = 0.797) and the 5‐year overall survival rate was 92.6% and 93.3% (P = 0.871), respectively. The cumulative incidence of CCyR at 12 months, 5‐year event‐free survival and 5‐year progression‐free survival were not predicted using the EUTOS scoring system. However, there were significant differences in both the Sokal score and Hasford score risk groups. In our retrospective validation study, the EUTOS score did not predict the prognosis of patients with CML in chronic phase treated with imatinib.     

Analysis of Prognostic Risk Factors and Establishment of Prognostic Scoring System for Secondary Adult Hemophagocytic Syndrome

Introduction: The objective of this paper is to identify the prognostic risk factors of secondary adult hemophagocytic syndrome (HLH) in hospitalized patients and establish a simple and convenient prognostic scoring system. Method:We reviewed 162 adult patients secondary with HLH treated in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Zhejiang University from January 2014 to December 2018 were enrolled to form the test group; from January 2019 to February 2021, 162 adult patients in the hospitals constituted the validation group. The HLH prognosis scoring system was constructed according to the risk factors, and the patients were divided into three risk groups: low risk, medium risk, and high risk. The scoring system was verified by Kaplan–Meier method and log rank test survival analysis. The discrimination ability was evaluated according to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that the independent risk factors for the prognosis of HLH were male sex, activated partial prothrombin time (APTT) greater than 36 s, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) greater than 1000 U/L, and C-reactive protein (CRP) greater than 100 mg/L. The area under the ROC curve was 0.754 (95% Cl: 0.678–0.829). The patients were divided into a low-risk group (0–1), a medium-risk group (2–4), and a high-risk group (5–6). The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate were 87.5%, 41.8% and 12.8%, respectively (p < 0.001). The area under ROC curve was 0.736 (95% Cl: 0.660–0.813) in the validation group, and the 2-year OS of patients in low-risk, medium-risk and high-risk groups were 88.0%, 45.1% and 16.7%, respectively (p < 0.001). Conclusion:The new prognostic scoring system can accurately predict the prognosis of secondary adult HLH and can further provide basis for the accurate treatment of secondary adult HLH.     

Characteristics and outcome of patients with Philadelphia chromosome negative,bcr/abl negative chronic myelogenous leukemia

BACKGROUND: Up to 5% of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) do not have the Philadelphia (Ph) translocation t(9;22)(q34;q11) or a bcr/abl molecular rearrangement. Although the diagnostic criteria of this entity are still under debate, there is general agreement that patients with Ph negative, bcr/abl negative CML have a severe clinical course that is not affected significantly by current treatment options. METHODS: A population of 76 patients with bcr/abl negative CML who had received minimal or no previous therapy was characterized carefully with the intent of investigating clinical and hematologic variables and their association with survival by univariate, correlation, and multivariate analyses. A group of 73 patients with Ph negative CML who were not tested for the bcr/abl rearrangement (bcr/abl unknown) was analyzed separately and used for extension of the analysis. RESULTS: In the bcr/abl negative patient population, the median overall survival was 24 months. At the time of the analysis, 38 patients (50%) had died, and blastic transformation preceded death in 31%. Chromosomal abnormalities were found in 30% of the 76 patients, with trisomy 8 the most common abnormality. Complex chromosomal abnormalities were rare, and monosomy 7 was not observed. Survival was not affected significantly by treatment. Multivariate analysis identified older age (> 65 years), anemia (hemoglobin < 10 g/dL), and severe leukocytosis (white blood cells > 50 x 10(9)/L) as variables with independent prognostic significance for poor survival. A prognostic scoring system stratified patients into a low-risk group (53%) and a high-risk group (47%), with median survivals of 38 months and 9 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Bcr/abl negative CML is a distinct clinical entity associated with very poor prognosis. Two risk categories are identifiable using a simple scoring system based on age, hemoglobin level, and leukocyte number.     

Analysis of the impact of imatinib mesylate therapy on the prognosis of patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia treated with interferon-alpha regimens for early chronic phase

BACKGROUND: The effect on prognosis of adding imatinib mesylate to the treatment of patients with Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) has not been explored fully. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the benefit of adding imatinib to the treatment sequence of patients with early chronic phase Ph-positive CML who received interferon alpha (IFN)-based regimens as frontline therapy. METHODS: A total of 201 patients with early chronic phase Ph-positive CML who were treated on our 3 recent frontline IFN-based programs and were impacted early by the availability of sequential therapy with imatinib were analyzed. Their outcome was compared with that of a historical control group of 293 patients treated from 1982 until 1990 who were treated with IFN programs for early chronic phase CML and who did not have the opportunity of early access to imatinib (because it was not available during that period). Multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the independent effect of imatinib therapy on survival. RESULTS: Of 201 patients who were treated, 159 patients (79%) had their regimen changed sequentially to imatinib after a median duration of 14 months of IFN therapy. Of 139 patients who continued evaluation at our institution, 101 patients (73%; 64% of the total group) achieved a complete cytogenetic response, and 20 of 80 patients analyzed (25%; 10% of the total group) had no disease according to molecular studies (quantitative polymerase chain reaction studies). The estimated 5-year survival rate for the total study group of 201 patients was 86%. Survival of this group was significantly superior to the historic control group of IFN-treated patients who did not have the benefit of imatinib (P = 0.03). The trend also was observed within defined CML risk groups. Imatinib therapy was confirmed as an independent, significant, favorable prognostic factor for survival by multivariate analysis, after accounting for the independent prognostic effect of pretreatment prognostic factors (P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: The current analysis is the first to indicate the independent, favorable effect of imatinib on the survival of patients with Ph-positive CML.     

A new prognostic scoring system involving des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin as a useful marker for predicting prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

A staging system for hepatocellular carcinoma was reported from Italy (CLIP). In this study, we evaluate the CLIP scoring system and establish a new scoring system for predicting the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients (n=141) who were diagnosed and who underwent initial treatment at our single institution were recruited retrospectively into this study. We evaluated markers for prognosis, using a stratified Cox proportional hazard regression model and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. CLIP score differentiated patients with different survival experiences by Kaplan-Meier estimated survival analysis. However, with respect the CLIP score, more than two thirds of patients were included in the early stage (CLIP 0-1), and the group with better prognosis than the survival rate of all patients was the only one with CLIP 0. Multivariate analysis revealed that des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) >/=100 mAU/ml (relative risk, 2.06; P=0.0218) was statistically significant as a predictor of poor survival. A new prognostic scoring system included DCP classified patients to 6 well-balanced groups (score 0-5). The new prognostic scoring system 0 group (14.9% of the cohort) and the CLIP score 0 group (34.0% of the cohort) had a median survival of 66.9 and 61.6 months. The new prognostic scoring system performs better for prediction of survival than either the CLIP score or the Child-Pugh stage. In conclusion, the described scoring system provides more accurate prognostic information than the CLIP scoring system. It may help physicians decide more appropriate clinical and therapeutic management.     

Survival and prognostic factors of patients with skin melanoma. A regression-model analysis based on nationwide cancer registry data

Survival and prognostic factors of skin melanoma patients were studied using a regression analysis of relative survival rates based on nationwide cancer registry data. The material consisted of 4980 cases of melanoma of the skin diagnosed in Finland in 1953 to 1981 and reported to the Finnish Cancer Registry. In the last diagnostic period, 1974 to 1982, the 5-year relative survival rate for male patients was 61.1% and that for female patients 76.6%. The analysis included variables sex, age, stage, year of diagnosis, follow-up year, and site of the tumor. All of them were needed to explain the differences in survival. The patients had the greatest relative risk of dying from skin melanoma during the second year from diagnosis. However, the difference in death risk due to melanoma by stage was most remarkable during the first follow-up year: the risk of patients with nonlocalized disease was over 12 times that of others. The male-female ratio in the risk of dying from skin melanoma was (to a marked extent) attributable to differences in the distributions of stage and site of the tumor. In all site groups males did worse than females but risk ratio varied from 1.15 (trunk) to 1.89 (limbs). The effect of some important prognostic factors on survival could be quantified with ample material and with a method taking into account the competing causes of death. The results suggest a difference either in biological behavior of skin melanoma or in a patient's delay between males and females.     

5-year survival rate in endometrial carcinoma stage I-II related to steroid receptor concentration, degree of differentiation, age and myometrial invasion.

Three hundred and twenty-seven patients with endometrial carcinoma stage I-II were all followed for at least 5 years. The estradiol receptor concentrations were measured in 298 tumors. In 272 cases the progesterone receptor concentrations were measured as well. Both receptors were significant prognostic factors measured as 5 year survival rate. In a Cox regression test stage, degree of differentiation, myometrial invasion and age remained as independent significant factors. Progesterone receptor concentrations were almost significant in a two-sided test including all degrees of differentiation but were significant (p = 0.04) when only poorly differentiated tumors were included. Thus PgR concentrations were used only on poorly differentiated tumors. The patients could be divided into a high risk group (deep myometrial invasion), an intermediate risk group (poorly differentiated carcinomas without deep myometrial invasion but with a low progesterone receptor concentration) and a low risk group (the remaining) with 5 year survival rated of 61%, 80% and 96% respectively.     

Treatment patterns and a prognostic scoring system for elderly acute myeloid leukemia patients: a retrospective multicenter cohort study in China

Objective:Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is primarily a malignant disorder affecting the elderly. We aimed to compare the outcomes of different treatment patterns in elderly AML patients and to propose a prognostic scoring system that could predict survival and aid therapeutic decisions.Methods:Patients aged ≥ 60 years who had been diagnosed with AML at 7 hospitals in China were enrolled (n = 228). Treatment patterns included standard chemotherapy, low intensity therapy, and best supportive care (BSC).Results:The early mortality rates were 31%, 6.8%, and 6.3% for the BSC, low intensity therapy, and standard chemotherapy groups, respectively. The complete remission rate of the standard chemotherapy group was higher than that of the low intensity therapy group. The median overall survival (OS) was 561 days and 222 days for the standard chemotherapy and low intensity therapy groups, respectively, and were both longer than that of the BSC group (86 days). Based on multivariate analyses, we defined a prognostic scoring system that enabled classification of patients into 3 risk groups, in an attempt to predict the OS of patients receiving chemotherapies and low intensity therapies. Low and intermediate risk patients benefited more from standard chemotherapies than from low intensity therapies. However, the median OS was comparable between standard chemotherapies and low intensity therapies in high risk patients.Conclusions:Our prognostic scoring system could predict survival and help select appropriate therapies for elderly AML patients. Standard chemotherapy is important for elderly AML patients, particularly for those categorized into low and intermediate risk groups.     

Prognostic scoring model based on multi-drug resistance status and cytogenetics in adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia

Clinical heterogenicity exists within an acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patient group with the same cytogenetic risk. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) is also regarded as one of the potential prognostic factors for AML. Accordingly, the prognostic scoring model can be generated based on both consideration of cytogenetic risk and the MDR status for AML. The CR rate, event-free (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were analysed according to cytogenetic risk, MDR status and clinical factors. Prognostic score was calculated by the sum of MDR status (0 for negative, 1 for positive) and dichotomized scoring for cytogenetic risk (0 for favorable/intermediate and 1 for unfavorable cytogenetics). MDR expression was noted in 36.6% of the patients and associated with a lower CR rate (p = 0.037). MDR, cytogenetics and the use of SCT were identified as independent prognostic factors for EFS and OS. The CR rate of the group scored with 0, 1 and 2 was 81.4, 66.7, and 44.4%, respectively (p = 0.050). The prognostic scoring model depicted a discriminating role in terms of EFS (p < 0.0001) and OS (p = 0.0001). The prognostic scoring model based on cytogenetic risk and MDR provided an improved method for evaluating the prognosis in AML and helped to stratify the risk of patients with the same cytogenetic risk.