表达蛋白质组学技术及其在食管癌研究中的进展

蛋白质组学研究包括两种相互补充的策略。一种策略是表达蛋白质组学,观察某种细胞或组织中蛋白质的整体表达,并分析不同情况下表达图谱的变化;另一种策略是细胞图谱蛋白质组学,旨在定义蛋白质间的相互作用,以建立细胞内信号转     

蛋白质芯片技术的分类、研究与应用进展

随着人类基因组测序的完成，研究不同细胞或组织表达的全部蛋白质数据库的构建与细胞在不同状态的蛋白质表达差异已成为研究热点，标志着蛋白质组学1日寸代的到来。蛋白质芯片技术的出现为我们提供了一种比传统的凝胶电泳、Westem blot和ELISA更为方便和快速的研究蛋白质的方法。本文主要从蛋白质芯片技术的分类、研究与应用进展方面做一简要综述。     

080 蛋白质组学技术及其在高原医学中的应用

在后基因组时代,蛋白质组学的研究越来越受到关注.蛋白质组是指一种细胞、组织或有机体所表达的全部蛋白质;蛋白质组学研究技术方法主要包括双向电泳、质谱技术、蛋白质芯片技术、蛋白质复合物纯化技术、酵母双杂交系统、噬菌体显示技术、表面等离子体共振技术和生物信息学.本文对蛋白质组和蛋白质组学的概念及研究技术方法以及近年来蛋白质组学技术在高原医学领域的应用作了简要综述.     

蛋白质组学(proteomics)

蛋白质组 (ｐｒｏｔｅｏｍｉｃｓ)系一个基因组、一种生物或一种细胞组织所表达的全套蛋白质。对蛋白质组织相关问题的研究即为蛋白质组学。由于蛋白质是体现生物功能的分子 ,蛋白质分子由基因所编码 ,故蛋白质组学研究是基因组学 (特别是功能基因组学 )研究的深入和延伸。蛋白质组学研究的内容大致包括以下方面 :①蛋白质组作用、成分鉴定、数据库构建、新型蛋白质的发现、同源蛋白质比较、蛋白质加工和修饰分析 ;②基因产物识别、基因功能鉴定、基因调控机制分析 ;③重要生命活动的分子机制 (如细胞周期、分化与发育、肿瘤发生发展、环境…     

蛋白质组学技术及其在高原医学中的应用

在后基因组时代，蛋白质组学的研究越来越受到关注。蛋白质组是指一种细胞、组织或有机体所表达的全部蛋白质；蛋白质组学研究技术方法主要包括双向电泳、质谱技术、蛋白质芯片技术、蛋白质复合物纯化技术、酵母双杂交系统、噬菌体显示技术、表面等离子体共振技术和生物信息学。本对蛋白质组和蛋白质组学的概念及研究技术方法以及近年来蛋白质组学技术在高原医学领域的应用作了简要综述。     

人肝癌细胞2-DE实验技术条件优化

双向凝胶电泳(two-dimensional gel electrophoresis,2-DE)是目前比较蛋白质组学研究中最常用蛋白质的技术,通过利用蛋白质的等电点与分子量特性将蛋白质分离,与质谱技术(mass spectrometry,MS)联用,已被广泛应用于分析细胞或组织样品中整体蛋白质表达的差异情况〔1-2〕。然而实验操作过程中,双向凝胶电泳图谱中的蛋白质点的分辨率与重     

矽肺比较蛋白质组学研究中生物样本的选择原则

蛋白质组学是在人类基因组计划研究发展的基础上形成的新兴学科,是一门集中研究蛋白质的学科.比较蛋白质组学是指通过对比一个生物系统2个不同状态的蛋白质表达水平,如比较不同的组织细胞,不同的生长发育阶段,不同生理病理状态下蛋白质的组成(包括种类、含量及修饰加工等)及其差异,明确蛋白质的功能,为进一步研究提供线索[1].     

蛋白质组学及其在生殖医学研究中的应用

蛋白质组学是研究细胞内全部蛋白质的组成和动态变化的一门新兴学科，蛋白质组研究的核心技术主要有双向电泳和质谱技术。表面增强激光解析离子化（SELDI）技术是蛋白质组学领域研究中有力的技术平台．能将数以千计的蛋白质迅速检测出来，使得“发现基础上的研究”成为可能。生殖系统的疾病，并非均由遗传变异引起，许多分子水平的变化发生在翻译后蛋白质的修饰。利用蛋白质组学可从分子水平了解生殖系统的健康状况和疾病的发生机制。     

蛋白质组学技术的研究进展及其在辐射研究中的应用

"蛋白组学"(proteomic)一词最早由澳大利亚科学家Wilkins和Williams在1994年提出,源于蛋白质与基因组两个词的组合,是指一种基因组所表达的全部蛋白质^[1]。蛋白质组学是在整体水平上研究蛋白质特性,包括蛋白质的表达、翻译后修饰以及蛋白质间的相互作用。     

血清蛋白质组双向凝胶电泳技术优化

蛋白质组学已成为生命科学研究的重点,是寻求疾病标志物的重要源泉.通过血清蛋白质组学研究,寻找特定疾病的血清特异蛋白质标志物或发现新的疾病相关蛋白质,能为疾病的诊断或治疗提供新的依据,也可能进一步阐明一些复杂疾病的发病机制.自1975年O′Farrell[1]提出高分辨率双向电泳技术以来,该技术有了长足的发展,并与质谱技术、生物信息学技术成为蛋白质组学研究的三大核心技术 .     

Trends in meningococcal disease in Italy in 1988

Meningococcal disease in Italy decreased 15% in 1988 from the previous year (290 vs. 342 cases). The decline was particularly evident in military cases (1.7/100,000 in 1988 vs. 5/100,000 in 1987) reflecting the full coverage of bivalent serogroup (A + C) meningococcal polysaccaride vaccine in army recruits, achieved since January 1988. The highest proportion of cases was seen in people older than 25 years of age (25%). Serogroup C constituted 60% of the isolates, while 19% belonged to serogroup B. The proportion of strains resistant to sulphonamides was 45%, while 15% were resistant to Minocycline and none to Rifampin. Out of the five military cases, only one (due to serogroup C) was attributable to the vaccine failure. A single coprimary case, but no secondary cases occurred among civilians. These findings are consistent with the trends reported in Italy in the previous years.     

Benzene in blood and phenol in urine in monitoring benzene exposure in industry

Determinations of benzene concentration in blood and of phenol in urine were made by head-space gas chromatography techniques on samples taken near the end of the work day from two groups of workers potentially exposed to low levels of benzene in the work-place atmosphere. Preliminary results suggest that benzene in blood is more reliable than phenol tests for assessing both exposure and uptake of benzene. Normal values of phenol in urine (10 mg/liter or less) were found in nearly all those cases in which benzene was detected in the blood.     

2015年郑州市饮用水放射性水平状况调查

目的了解郑州市不同地区、不同季节、不同水源类型的放射性水平。方法分别于丰水期和枯水期采集郑州市区黄河水源水、井水源水、丹江口水源水、出厂水和末梢水各一份;以县为单位,每单位采集出厂水、末梢水、水库水、河水、井水各1份,按《生活饮用水生活标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750.13-2006)检测饮用水中总α和总β放射性水平,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行判定。结果丰水期、枯水期水体总α、总β放射性水平均低于国家标准限值。结论郑州市不同水源类型均处于正常的天然放射性本底水平。     

Occupational stress in nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan

Nurses are known to be exposed to occupational stress. However, occupational stress is not well documented for nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the work-related stress and risk factors of nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was distributed to nurses at five state-owned psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan in 2001. Demographic information, working environment, and personal health status were inquired. Occupational stress was assessed based on the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). General health status and mental health were evaluated by the International Quality of Life Assessment Short Form-36 (IQOLA SF-36). A total of 573 questionnaires were disseminated to nurses and 518 (90.4%) were satisfactorily completed by nurses, including 408 female full-time nurses who had been in their current work for more than 6 months. In the past one month, 17.2% of nurses reported being under significant stress often or always. Assault episodes were reported by 45.1% of nurses in the past 6 months. Among the nurses, 16.9%, 25.2%, 50.0%, and 7.8% belong to the "High strain", "Low strain", "Active", and "Passive" groups, respectively. Perceived occupational stress was associated with young age, widowed/divorced/separated marital status, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and threat of assault at work. Lower general health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, and perceived occupational stress. A lower mental health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and perceived occupational stress. We concluded that nurses in psychiatric institutions are under significant stress related to work factors.     

Changes in nursing administration in supporting transplantation in Brazil

This historical and bibliographic study aimed to understand how Nursing was organized to support care in transplantation. The HISA, LILACS, BDENF, PERIENF and DEDALUS databases were consulted, and thirteen references were found, ten of which were scientific articles, two were master's dissertations and one was a doctoral thesis. The span of time chosen for study ranges from the date of the first kidney transplant in Brazil (1965), to the date of publication of the last scientific article found in the databases mentioned above (2003). After reading these articles, the ones that were similar in topic were grouped together, thus creating the thematic axis for the presentation of the results. The results showed that the Nursing profession has played an important and active role in transplants ever since the first procedure in 1965.     

2019年中国肿瘤流行病学研究进展

恶性肿瘤已成为中国居民的主要死因之一。近些年来,中国政府积极推进肿瘤预防和控制领域的研究工作,取得了很大的进步。本文简要汇总中国在肿瘤流行病学领域的研究进展,具体包括2019年的肿瘤负担、癌症危险因素及其干预、筛查和早期发现、癌症防治专项行动(2019-2022年)方案等方面,以期为我国肿瘤防治工作的有效开展提供技术支撑和理论依据。     

2012年绵阳市蔬菜中农药残留状况

目的 了解绵阳市2012年市售蔬菜中农药残留情况,为食用蔬菜监管提供依据.方法 全部样品均按照GB/T 5009-2003的方法进行农药的残留检测.依据GB 2763-2005《食品中农药最大残留限量》进行判定.结果 2012年共检测蔬菜165份,农药检出率和超标率分别为72.12％和23.64％.豆类、根茎类、叶菜类、瓜果菜类和食用菌类蔬菜检测农药残留超标率分别为8.00％、23.53％、36.00％、5.26％和27.03％,差异有统计学意义(x2=11.41,P＜0.01).不同种类农药超标率差异有统计学意义(x2 =62.42,P＜0.01).夏季和冬季蔬菜农药超标率差异无统计学意义(x2=3.44,P＞0.05).结论 绵阳市叶菜类蔬菜中农药残留情况较为严重,应采取有效措施,加强蔬菜的监督管理,从源头禁止高毒农药的使用,加大蔬菜种植、销售环节的监测,确保市民食用蔬菜的安全.