甘肃省5岁儿童口腔健康行为及其家长口腔卫生知识状况调查

目的了解甘肃省5岁儿童的基本口腔健康行为及其家长的儿童口腔卫生知识水平。方法按照第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查标准和方法 ,采用多阶段分层等容随机抽样方法 ,对429例甘肃省城乡5岁儿童家长进行问卷调查,对5岁学龄前儿童生活饮食习惯和家长口腔健康知识进行评估。结果甘肃省5岁儿童家长的儿童口腔卫生知识水平低于全国平均水平,部分基础知识缺乏。结论应建立适宜的口腔卫生保健体系,并大力加强口腔健康教育和干预措施,让家长认识到孩子保护乳牙和及时治疗患牙的重要意义。     

广西南宁市0～3岁儿童口腔健康行为调查

目的 根据家长问卷调查结果,分析广西南宁市0～3岁儿童口腔健康行为状况,对其生活饮食习惯进行评估.方法 随机选择我院预防保健科常规体检的0～3岁256名儿童,对其家长进行问卷调查.应用SPSS14.0统计学软件处理相关数据.结果 不同民族母亲怀孕状况、儿童全身及口腔发育状况、儿童生活及饮食习惯、家长口腔保健知晓率比较显示,两组差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 0～3岁广西南宁市儿童具有良好的生活卫生习惯,经系统的、有针对性的口腔预防保健方案,可取得良好的口腔健康效果.     

贵州省12岁儿童口腔流行病学调查结果分析

目的 调查贵州省12岁儿童口腔健康状况,为开展儿童口腔预防保健提供科学依据.方法 按全国第四次口腔健康流行病学调查方案的方法和标准执行进行抽样和口腔检查,抽取875名12岁学生进行检查.结果 12岁儿童患龋率和龋均分别为32.1％和0.64,患龋率男27.8％,女36.4％,不同性别之间差异有意义(P＜0.05);龋齿...     

蒲城县8～12岁儿童氟斑牙患病与改水情况分析

为了给我国21世纪地方性氟中毒(地氟病)防治策略和陕西省地氟病长远防治规划的制定提供科学依据，2001年蒲城县参加了全国饮水型地方性氟中毒重点病区调查，现将本次调查中儿童氟斑牙患病情况与改水间关系分析如下。     

河北省内陆与沿海城镇7～12岁学生智商调查

为了解内陆与沿海城镇7～12岁小学生智商(IQ)情况，承德市红十字会于2002年9～12月在两地进行了调查，结果报告如下。     

邢台市8岁儿童龋病流行病学调查分析

目的了解邢台市8岁儿童乳恒牙患龋状况,为邢台市口腔卫生预防保健工作提供信息支持。方法采用整群抽样的方法抽取邢台市某小学8岁儿童322例,依照全国第三次口腔健康流行病学调查龋病检验标准进行,检查全口牙冠的龋病情况。结果 8岁儿童患龋率为81.37%,龋均为3.04,恒牙患龋率为18.32%,龋均0.30。第一恒磨牙患龋情况为女性高于男性,下颌高于上颌,窝沟封闭率为9.63%。结论邢台市儿童患龋高,充填率和窝沟封闭率较低,应重视学龄儿童的龋病防治工作。     

甘肃省老年人口腔健康状况分析

目的 了解并分析甘肃省老年人口腔健康状况,为老年人口腔预防保健工作提供信息支持.方法 按照第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查标准和方法 ,采用多阶段分层等容量随机抽样方法 对791名甘肃省65～74岁老年人进行口腔健康调查.结果 被调查甘肃省老年人无牙颌占5.56%,人均余留恒牙21.34颗,超过20颗的人,城市达到70.64%,农村66.67%;患龋率79.14%,冠龋龋均4.40,根龋龋均3.74,龋齿充填率4.60%;牙龈出血、牙结石、牙周袋检出率分别为85.34%、92.54%、62.20%;义齿修复以可摘局部义齿(19.60%)和非正规固定桥(10.75%)多见;口腔黏膜病检出率7.71%.结论 甘肃省老年人口腔健康状况不佳,龋病、牙周病患病严重,义齿修复情况不乐观;应加大老年人群口腔健康保健知识宣传,指导其建立良好的口腔卫生习惯和正确的就医行为,达到预防口腔疾病、提高老年人生活质量的目的 .     

南宁市听力障碍儿童患龋状况及其影响因素调查分析

目的 了解广西南宁市某听力言语康复中心所有听力障碍儿童患龋状况及其影响因素。方法 按照第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查要求,对广西南宁市某听力言语康复中心所有听力障碍儿童进行口腔健康检查,并对其家长进行口腔健康问卷调查。采用单因素和多因素logistic回归模型分析听力障碍儿童患龋的影响因素。结果 听力障碍儿童总患龋率达73.0%,龋均为5.52。不同性别听力障碍儿童的患龋率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,偶尔、经常睡前摄甜食、甜饮料与偶尔、经常进食时含饭均是听力障碍儿童患龋的危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论 听力障碍儿童的患龋状况严峻,偶尔、经常睡前摄甜食、甜饮料与偶尔、经常进食时含饭均是听力障碍儿童患龋的危险因素。     

甘肃临夏回族自治州回族老年人口腔健康状况的调查与分析

目的了解并分析甘肃省临夏回族自治州回族老年人口腔健康状况,为临夏回族老年人口腔预防保健工作提供信息支持。方法按照第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查标准和方法,采用多阶段分层等容量随机抽样方法对436名临夏回族65～74岁老年人进行问卷调查,对刷牙、漱口、吸烟等习惯以及就医行为进行现场询问。结果临夏市65～74岁老年人每天刷牙≥2次的人数占69%,城市(75%)高于农村(61%);每天漱口≥3次的人数占86%,城市(88%)略高于农村(83%);含氟牙膏使用率为62%,城乡老年人几乎都不使用牙线。回族老人吸烟、饮酒人群的比例分别为7%和1%,远远低于1995年第二次全国流调结果。结论临夏市回族城乡老年人群刷牙率高,漱口习惯良好,口腔不良习惯较少,但对回族老年人仍需进行口腔健康指导,指导其建立良好的口腔卫生习惯和正确的就医行为,提高回族老年人生活质量。     

大学新生口腔健康状况调查分析

目的：调查大学新生口腔健康状况,为针对性开展口腔疾病防治工作提供信息支持及依据。方法参考全国口腔流行病学调查方案,自行设计大学新生口腔健康状况调查问卷,对该校2009年入学的新生960名进行调查分析。结果大学新生龋齿、牙龈炎、牙结石、口腔溃疡、牙体缺损患病率分别为62.1％、55.0％、48.1％、18.1％和14.2％;女生龋齿率达71.3％,显著高于男生的56.2％（ P＜0.01）,男生牙龈炎、牙结石、口腔溃疡、牙体缺损患病率均显著高于女生（P＜0.05）;性别、是否早晚刷牙、刷牙持续时间是否＜2 min、睡前是否习惯吃零食、是否定期口腔检查、城乡来源是大学新生口腔健康的主要影响因素（ P＜0.01）。结论大学新生口腔健康状况不容乐观,应对大学新生开展口腔健康教育,普及口腔健康保健知识,践行口腔卫生行为,提高大学生口腔健康水平。     

Oral health status among 12-year-old children in primary schools participating in an oral health preventive school program in Phnom Penh City, Cambodia, 2002

A cross-sectional survey was undertaken to assess dental caries status, knowledge, attitude and practice in oral health among 12-year-old primary schoolchildren participating in the Oral Health Preventive School Program (OHPSP) conducted since 1998 in Phnom Penh City, Cambodia. Schools were stratified into 3 groups by levels of cooperation (good, partial, and poor) with the OHPS program and samples of schools randomly selected from each group. A total sample size of 239 schoolchildren was randomly selected from the sampled schools. There were 79, 82, and 79 children from schools with good, partial, and poor cooperation, respectively. Dental caries status DMFT (Decayed Missing Filled teeth) and knowledge, attitude and practices in oral health were assessed from 21 January to 5 February 2002. Opinions of school directors toward the OHPS Program were evaluated by interview. The results showed the overall mean DMFT per person in schoolchildren in Phnom Penh City, Cambodia of 2.33 (95%CI=2.05-2.61) while mean DT(Decayed teeth) was 2.31 (95%CI=1.97-2.52) and mean MT (Missing teeth) and mean FT (Filled teeth) were 0.01 per person, which were quite small. Children from schools with good cooperation with the OHPSP had the lowest significant mean DMFT 1.62 (95%CI=1.25-1.98) compared to children from schools with partial and poor cooperation (Mean DMFT=2.67:95%CI=2.10-3.23, and 2.69:95%CI=2.19-3.19, respectively). There were no significant differences in levels of knowledge, attitude and practices in oral health among the 3 groups of schools, but the proportion of good practices was highest in good cooperation schools compared to the schools with partial and poor cooperation to the OHPSP (41.3%, 27.3%, and 31.3%, respectively). Among 35 school directors, the majority of them (97.1%) believed that the OHPS program can reduce the dental caries prevalence among schoolchildren. Only 20.0% agreed that parents of schoolchildren should pay money to the school for tooth brushes and tooth paste of their children for brushing after lunch at school. The remaining answers were, they were uncertain (37.1%) and disagree (42.9%) that the school should have to manage that donated money. Among them, 82.9% reported that the OHPS Program activities did not disturb their time at school; 65% of them agreed there should be volunteers to help the schools in implementing the activities of the program. The majority of school directors (97.1%) thought that oral health examinations for schoolchildren were necessary. The results of the study suggested a need for continuous monitoring and strengthening of activities and cooperation of the Oral Health Preventive School Program among primary schools in Phnom Penh City to reduce the prevalence of dental caries among primary schoolchildren in Phnom Penh City, Cambodia.     

襄樊市儿童蛲虫感染及健康行为现状调查

为了解襄樊市儿童蛲虫感染及健康行为现状，为防治蛲虫病提供科学依据，作者等对襄樊市市直机关第一幼儿园进行了调查。结果报告如下。     

心脏移植受者口腔健康相关生活质量影响因素分析

目的:初步探讨影响心脏移植受者口腔健康相关生活质量的相关因素。方法:对59例心脏移植受者进行全面的口腔检查,包括:龋均(DMFT)、患龋率、社区简化口腔卫生指数(DI-S和CI-S)、牙龈出血指数(BI)、牙周探诊深度(PD)、附着丧失(LOA)、社区牙周指数(CPI)、牙龈增生(GO)和咬合牙对数(Ⅰ和Ⅱ);采用中文版口腔健康影响程度量表(OHIP-14中文版)评测其口腔健康相关的生活质量;采用自行设计的结构式量表调查口腔保健行为习惯和对口腔健康重要性的认知度。对OHIP-14总分进行多因素分析,初步探讨与心脏移植受者OHIP-14总分相关的影响因素。结果:负二项回归结果显示,年龄、BI指数与OHIP-14总分呈正相关,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);CPI均值与OHIP-14总分呈负相关,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:年龄、BI指数和CPI均值是本研究中心脏移植受者口腔健康相关生活质量的影响因素。     

Relationship of pain behavior to disease activity and health status in rheumatoid arthritis

The purpose of the study was to investigate the contributions of disease activity, health status, and self-efficacy to the pain behavior exhibited by patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Measures included the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales, the Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scale, a visual analogue scale for pain, and the McGill Pain Questionnaire. Joint counts and ratings of pain behavior also were obtained. All measures were collected at both baseline and 6 months. Hierarchicalmultiple regression analyses revealed that disease activity, as measured by joint count, was significantly related to a modified pain behavior index at both time intervals. With joint count entered into the regression model, no other variable consistently increased the predictive accuracy of the model. There were no significant correlations between the modified pain behavior index and either the visual analogue scale for pain or the McGill Pain Questionnaire scores. The results suggest that painbehavior in male rheumatoid arthritis patients is more closely related to disease activity than to self-reported pain, health status, or perceived self-efficacy.     

The experiences with oral health and dental prevention of children with congenital heart disease

OBJECTIVE: To examine the degree to which children, considered to be at risk from infective endocarditis, had received professional education and preventive procedures in regard to dental health, and to evaluate the knowledge of their parents of the link between oral health and infective endocarditis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Questionnaires were distributed to the families of 38 children under the care of paediatric cardiology. A short dental examination was carried out. Parents were asked if they knew why oral health was of particular importance in their child. RESULTS: Of the children, 58% demonstrated evidence of previous or current dental disease, with 24% having had at least one filling, 13% with one or more teeth showing deficiency of enamel, and 39% with untreated dental caries. Only 79% of the children were registered with a dentist. According to Chi squared test, there was no difference in the dental health of registered and non registered children. Of the study group, 29% had received instruction in oral hygiene, 42% had received dietary advice, 13% had received advice regarding fluoride supplementation or had had fluoride professionally applied, and 8% had had fissure sealants. These percentages remained relatively low even if only registered children, or only registered children with previous or current dental disease, were considered. Only 64% of parents were aware of the link between the oral health of their children and infective endocarditis. Parents of children who were registered were more likely to be aware of this link than parents of children who were not registered. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of being registered with general dental practitioners, few children with congenital heart disease had received basic education in dental hygiene. Even children known to have had dental disease and, therefore, considered to be more vulnerable, were overlooked.     

Interactions between host and oral commensal microorganisms are key events in health and disease status

The oral cavity has sometimes been described as a mirror that reflects a person''s health. Systemic disease such as diabetes or vitamin deficiency may be seen as alterations in the oral mucosa. A variety of external factors cause changes in the oral mucosa, thus altering mucosal structure and function, and promoting oral pathologies (most frequently bacterial, fungal and viral infections). Little is known, however, about immune surveillance mechanisms that involve the oral mucosa.There is no direct contact between specific immune cells in the basal epithelium and microorganisms in the upper layers of the oral mucosa. The author''s hypothesis is that the protective immunity is conveyed through epithelial cells. The present brief review assesses the oral mucosa''s role as the main defense in the interactions between the host and the oral microbial community. A unique model was used to investigate these interactions as the cause of oral disease and to develop new treatments that exploit our knowledge of the host-microorganism relationship.Key Words: Epithelial cells, Fibroblasts, Oral mucosa, Oral pathologies, Tissue engineering     

济源市回族小学生弓形虫感染情况的调查

弓形虫 ,是一种细胞内寄生原虫 ,广泛寄生于人和动物的有核细胞内 ,引起人兽弓形虫病 ,严重威胁人类健康及畜牧业生产。尤其孕妇感染弓形虫后 ,常危及胚胎发育导致流产、早产、死产、畸胎 ;儿童先天性感染弓形虫后 ,主要危及大脑发育导致智力低下、头痛头晕、癫痫抽搐等。经 19