UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS方法鉴定血必净注射液中20种化学成分

[目的]利用超高效液相色谱串联四级杆飞行时间质谱技术(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS)对血必净注射液中的化学成分进行快速鉴定。[方法]采用ACQUITY UPLC~BEH C_(18)(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7μm)色谱柱,以乙腈-0.1%甲酸水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,在负离子模式下进行数据采集,通过与对照品对比保留时间、相对分子量、二级质谱碎片离子的方法确定化学成分。[结果]在负离子模式下,45 min内鉴定出血必净注射液中20种化学成分。[结论]建立了一种简单、准确的UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS方法对血必净注射液中的化学成分进行鉴定。     

川芎水提部位化学成分的UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS分析

目的 采用UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS技术对川芎水提取部分中的化学成分进行定性分析.方法 采用LC-MS/MS,C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)以甲醇-0.1％甲酸溶液为流动相梯度洗脱;质谱使用ESI离子源,正离子与负离子模式下采集数据.结果 通过正、负离子质谱信息及元素组成,分析与相关文献数据对照,共鉴定出13个化合物.结论 通过超高效液相色谱分离,质谱测定相对分子质量及相关文献数据信息检索确定川芎水提取部分中的化学成分,为阐明川芎水提部分的药效物质基础提供有力的证据.     

基于UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS技术分析经典名方芍药甘草汤的化学成分

目的  基于超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱联用(UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS)技术对经典名方芍药甘草汤的化学成分进行定性分析。方法  采用Thermo Scientific Hypersil GOLD C₁₈色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm), 以乙腈(A)-0.1%甲酸水溶液(B)为流动相梯度洗脱, 流速为0.3 mL·min-1, 柱温30 ℃。HESI-Ⅱ源正、负离子2种模式采集芍药甘草汤的一级、二级质谱数据。结果  根据高分辨质谱提供的精确分子量和碎片离子信息, 结合标准品比对、软件预测分析和相关文献报道对芍药甘草汤的化学成分进行分析。正、负离子模式下共鉴定出129个化合物, 包括82个黄酮类化合物,20个萜类化合物,10个酚类化合物, 7个香豆素类化合物和10个其他类化学成分。结论  利用UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS技术分析鉴定芍药甘草汤中的化学成分, 并初步归纳其各类主要化学成分的质谱裂解特点, 可为芍药甘草汤的质量控制以及药效物质基础的深入研究提供实验依据。      

蜂胶化学成分的LC-IT-TOF-MS鉴别

建立液相色谱串联离子阱飞行时间质谱法(LC-IT-TOF-MS)鉴定中国蜂胶的化学成分。采用Shim-pack VP-ODS色谱柱(2.0 mm×150 mm,5 μm),流动相为乙腈-0.2%甲酸水溶液,梯度洗脱,流速0.3 mL/min,采用ESI-IT-TOF检测,负离子模式扫描。根据色谱峰精确相对分子质量、碎片离子信息、及液相色谱保留时间比较鉴别化合物。采用LC-IT-TOF-MS法鉴定了中国蜂胶(山东泰安)中31个成分,包括25个黄酮类化合物和6个酚酸类化合物。结果表明,采用LC-IT-TOF-MS方法可以快速、准确地对蜂胶中各成分进行有效的定性分析。     

HPLC-TOF/MS快速鉴别相思藤中的化学成分

目的 采用高效液相色谱-飞行时间质谱(HPLC-TOF/MS)技术对相思藤的化学成分进行快速鉴别。方法 色谱柱：安捷伦Zorbax Eclipse SB-C₁₈ (3.0′100mm,3.5mm),流动相为乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液,梯度洗脱,流速0.4mL.min_-1,柱温25℃,紫外检测波长254nm,进样10mL;飞行时间质谱采用ESI源,正离子模式监测,质量数扫描范围50~2000。结果 共鉴别出相思藤中15个化学成分,其中正离子模式下10个、负离子模式下11个、正负离子均有响应6个。结论 采用HPLC-TOF/MS可以快速鉴别相思藤药材中的化学成分,为相思藤药材的质量控制研究及临床合理应用提供依据。     

基于UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS技术分析吴茱萸的化学成分

[目的]利用快速、灵敏的UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS分析技术对吴茱萸药材的化学成分定性分析。[方法]色谱条件为ZORBAX Eclipse plus C18色谱柱（2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm）,水（0.2%甲酸）-乙腈（0.2%甲酸）为流动相,流速为0.3 mL/min,柱温30℃;采用电喷雾离子源,正负离子扫描检测,经PeakView软件对数据进行分析。[结果]共鉴定出64个化合物,包括生42个生物碱、8个柠檬苦素、8个黄酮苷、3个苯丙素和3个其他类型化合物。[结论]本实验方案能快速、精准地对吴茱萸的化学成分进行分析,为研究吴茱萸毒性成分和药效成分打下基础。     

印度獐牙菜中(口山)酮类成分的UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS分析

目的建立印度獐牙菜中■酮类成分的超高效液相色谱-电喷雾四极杆飞行时间质谱(UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS)定性分析方法。方法选用Acquity HSS T_3色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.8μm),0.1%甲酸水-0.1%甲酸乙腈溶液作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速0.4 mL/min,柱温40℃。在正/负离子模式下采集印度獐牙菜醇提物的质谱数据,采用Masslynx4.1软件并结合SciFinder数据库、质谱数据、对照品信息和獐牙菜属植物相关文献进行数据分析。结果在印度獐牙菜中共鉴定出■酮类化合物25个,其中3个成分为首次从印度獐牙菜中发现,分别是7-O-β-D-吡喃木糖-1,8-二羟基-3-甲氧基■酮、Swerpunilactone B和8-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖]-1,7-二羟基-3-甲氧基■酮。结论研究为印度獐牙菜中■酮类化学成分的定性分析及药材质量的控制提供实验依据。     

基于HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS的广枣果肉化学成分分析

目的 采用高效液相色谱-四级杆-飞行时间串联质谱(HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS)法对广枣醇提物的主要化学成分进行分析鉴定.方法 采用回流提取法制备广枣醇提物,以Agilent TC-C18(4.6mm×250 mm,5μm)柱为分析柱,并以0.2％甲酸-甲醇溶液为流动相,流速0.7 mL/min,柱温30℃,进样量25 μL,进行梯度洗脱;质谱采用电喷雾离子源,毛细管电压4.0 kV,干燥器流速10.0 L/min,干燥器温度350℃,雾化器压力35.0 psi(1 psi=6 894.8 Pa),正负离子模式下扫描采集数据,并对各主要色谱峰进行归属.结果 通过正负离子质谱信息及元素组成分析,并结合相关文献和对照品数据对照,共鉴定出42种化合物,主要为氨基酸类、有机酸类及黄酮类,其中首次在广枣中发现的成分有17种.结论 HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS兼具色谱的高分离特性和质谱的高灵敏度双重优势,能对广枣的主要化学成分进行定性分析,可为广枣药效物质的基础研究提供依据.     

基于UPLC-Q-TOF-MS技术分析痤疮消洗液化学成分

目的 定性分析治疗痤疮的临床验方痤疮消洗液中的化学成分。方法 采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS）技术,选用Acquity HSS T₃色谱柱（2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8 μm）,0.1%甲酸乙腈和0.1%甲酸水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速为0.3 mL/min,质谱使用ESI离子源,正负离子模式扫描采集数据。通过精确质谱信息及元素组成分析,结合Scifinder数据库、对照品信息及相关文献,对痤疮消洗液中的化学成分进行推断和鉴定。结果 痤疮消洗液中鉴定出59个化合物,它们分别为蒽醌类、环烯醚萜类、有机酸类、黄酮类化合物。结论 UPLC-Q-TOF-MS技术可快速、灵敏地鉴定痤疮消洗液中的化学成分,为探讨药效物质基础及控制制剂质量提供了实验依据。      

中药复方制剂八宝丹中化学成分的UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS分析

目的 采用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四级杆飞行时间质谱(UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS)分析技术对中药复方制剂八宝丹中的化学成分进行快速分析鉴别.方法 采用安捷伦“Formula-Database Generator”软件自建包括547个化合物的八宝丹化学成分数据库,运用UHPLC-QTOF/MS技术采集八宝丹提取物的总离子流色谱图,根据各化学成分的精确质荷比,通过自动比对的方法进行分析鉴别;进一步调节四级杆飞行时间质谱(Q-TOF/MS)的二级碎片电压,根据二级裂解碎片离子对八宝丹中的化学成分进一步确证.色谱分离采用Waters XBridge BEH C18(2.1 mm× 100 mm,2.5 μm)液相色谱柱;流动相为乙腈(A)和0.5％甲酸水(B),梯度洗脱:0～5 min,5％ A;5～25 min,5％～95％ A;25～30 min,95％A.柱温25℃,流速0.8 mL/min,柱后分流比为2∶1.质谱分析采用四级杆串联高分辨飞行时间质谱,电喷雾离子源正、负离子模式下扫描(范围均为m/z 100～1 500),其毛细管电压分别为3 500V和4 000V,二级质谱碰撞能量为10～40 eV.结果 在正、负离子模式下,共鉴别出八宝丹中的化学成分78个,包括皂苷、胆汁酸、氨基酸等.结论 建立了基于UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS的分析方法,可对中药复方制剂八宝丹中的化学成分快速鉴别,阐明了八宝丹的化学物质基础,为八宝丹的质量控制及药理机制研究奠定了基础.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.