泌尿生殖道支原体感染耐药性分析

目的：了解解脲支原体（Uu）和人型支原体（mh）的感染情况及其对环脂红霉素（ECC）强力霉素（DOX）交沙霉素（JOS）甲砜霉素（THI）克拉霉素（CLA）红霉素（ERY）环丙沙星（CPF）罗红霉素（ROX）可乐必妥（CRA）美满霉素（MIN）阿歧霉素（AZI）司帕沙星（SPA）12种药物的耐药情况。方法：采用珠海浪峰生物技术有限公司生产的支原体培养、鉴别、计数、药敏试剂盒进行试验。结果：488例患者中检出支原体阳性145例占27．7％，其中单一Uu感染82例占56．6％单一mh感染6例占4．1％Uu、mh混合感染57例占39．3％。结论：本地区感染支原体经Uu单独感染及Uu、mh混合感染为主，单独mh感染较少，其耐药性表现为对强力霉素、交沙霉素、克拉霉素等较为敏感，而对阿歧霉素、司帕沙星、环丙沙星不敏感，mh对强力霉素敏感。     

泌尿生殖道解脲支原体检测及药敏分析

目的探讨泌尿生殖道支原体感染情况及其对药物的敏感程度。方法对临床拟诊为非淋菌性尿道炎的606例患者采取尿道口处分泌物或前列腺液(男性)、宫颈口处分泌物(女性)行解脲支原体(Uu)和人支原体(Mh)检测及药物敏感分析。结果606例患者支原体培养阳性399例,占65.8%,单一Uu感染319例,单一Mh感染15例,Uu+Mh混合感染65例;Uu感染与Uu+Mh感染具有不完全相同的耐药谱。结论Uu感染与Uu+Mh感染的耐药谱不同,故临床不但要进行Uu检测,还要进行Mh检测,否则会造成漏诊。     

PCR联合检测54例泌尿生殖道感染三种病原体的报告

淋球菌(NG),沙眼衣原体(Ct)和解脲支原体(Uu)混合感染越来越引起人们的重视。我们利用PCR对本所性病门诊1997-06～1998-03就诊54例泌尿生殖道感染患者同时进行了三种病原体联合检测,现报告如下。     

性病门诊患者泌尿生殖道支原体药敏试验结果分析

目的分析我院近年来皮肤科性病门诊患者中解脲脲原体（Uu）、人型支原体（Mh）感染的耐药情况,为临床治疗提供参考依据。方法采用支原体检测试剂检测Uu、Mh,同时进行9种抗生素敏感性测试。对5年的药敏试验结果进行统计学分析。结果在三种不同感染情况下,最敏感的抗菌药物均为原始霉素、交沙霉素和强力霉素,敏感率在94%以上。结论原始霉素、交沙霉素和强力霉素目前可作为临床治疗支原体感染的首选药物;Uu和Mh的耐药谱有差异,Uu＋Mh混合感染的情况下,混合耐药谱是Uu耐药谱和Mh耐药谱的交集,由Mh起主导作用;滥用抗生素是支原体耐药谱不断变化的主要原因之一。     

阴道分泌物中支原体的检测及其耐药性分析

目的:了解女性妇科疾病患者阴道分泌物中支原体的感染及药敏情况。方法:采用支原体药敏试剂盒对50例阴道分泌物进行支原体检测及药敏试验。结果:50例共检出支原体31例,阳性率为62.0%(31/50)。其中解脲支原体(Uu)、人型支原体(Mh)及Uu Mh混合感染的阳性率分别为38.0%(19/50)、2.0%(1/50)、22.0%(11/50)。支原体药敏结果显示:司巴沙星(87.1%)、左旋氧氟沙星(83.9%)和美满霉素(80.6%)的敏感性较高。克林霉素(32.3%)、罗红霉素(45.2%)和阿齐霉素(54.8%)的敏感性较差。结论:女性阴道分泌物中支原体感染阳性率高达62.0%,以26~35岁年龄段支原体的感染率最高。Uu Mh混合感染增强了耐药性。治疗支原体感染性妇科疾病首选司巴沙星、左旋氧氟沙星和美满霉素。     

泌尿生殖道支原体培养及耐药结果分析

目的通过分析我院患者泌尿生殖道支原体感染情况及耐药情况,指导临床合理用药。方法对514例疑似支原体感染患者采用珠海丽拓发展有限公司试剂盒进行支原体培养及药敏试验。结果支原体阳性患者332例检出率64.6%,其中单纯Uu(解脲支原体)感染30.2%,混合感染34.4%;男性支原体阳性检出率35.5%,女性为75.3%。药敏结果显示:敏感性较高的抗生素为强力霉素和美满霉素,耐药性较高的抗生素有诺氟沙星、氧氟沙星、红霉素、司帕沙星、左氧氟沙星、阿奇霉素、罗红霉素。结论泌尿生殖道感染的主要病原菌为Uu或Uu+Mh(人型支原体)混合感染,单纯Mh感染临床少见。支原体耐药情况十分普遍,为减少耐药菌株的产生,临床治疗应尽量进行支原体培养及药敏试验,选用敏感抗生素并足疗程正规使用。     

妇科住院患者生殖道支原体感染情况及药敏分析

目的探讨妇科住院患者生殖道支原体感染、药敏情况及对术后并发症的影响。方法对2011年6月—2012年12月妇科住院患者生殖道分泌物进行支原体培养、药敏试验及术后并发症的影响进行回顾性分析。结果 1 025例患者中支原体感染总阳性率为48.58%,解脲脲原体(Uu)感染阳性率为41.36%,人型支原体(Mh)感染阳性率为2.15%,两者共同感染阳性率7.22%。Uu单独感染要明显高于Mh及两者共同感染(P<0.05)。药敏分析示:环丙沙星耐药率最高,敏感性最高的药物为交沙霉素。未发现支原体感染可增加术后发热及切口感染的发生率,与未感染支原体组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在妇科住院患者中有较高的支原体检出率,应合理使用抗菌药,支原体感染不增加术后并发症发生率。     

217例NGU支原体检测及耐药性分析

目的：调查本地区非淋菌性尿道炎(NGU)患者支原体感染情况及抗生素的耐药率。方法：采用法国生物梅里埃公司IST支原体试剂盒对217例NGU本地人型支原体(Mh)和解脲脲原体(Uu)检测和药敏试验。结果：217例中Uu，Mh的检测率分别为25％和9．2％，混合感染率为1．8％，总检出率为36．0％；Uu对强力霉素、交沙霉素、氧氟沙星、红霉素、四环霉素和原始霉素的耐药率分别为27．8％、9．3％、14.8％、44．4％、46．3％和7．4％；Mh对上述药物的时药率分别为30．0％、10．0％、25．0％、65．0％、55．0％和15．0％。结论：泌尿生殖道支原体感染主要以Uu为主，Mh次子，Uu和Mh的耐药率存在一定差异，治疗两种支原体感染以原始霉素和交沙霉素最好，其次为氧氟沙星和强力霉素。     

男性不育患者解脲脲原体感染与精子质量和抗精子抗体的关系

目的探讨解脲脲原体(Ureaplasma urealyticum,Uu)感染对男性不育患者精子质量和抗精子抗体(antisperm an-tibody,AsAb)的影响。方法对200例男性不育患者和100例健康对照者进行精液常规分析,并通过固体培养法-液体培养法进行支原体分离和鉴定,用混合抗球蛋白凝集试验检测AsAb。结果在不育组,支原体的检出率为47.5%,以Uu为主,高于健康对照组(21%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Uu阳性不育组中,精子密度为(57.05±33.61)×106/ml,显著低于Uu阴性组和健康对照组(P<0.01);精子总活力和前向运动精子分别为(42.77±21.53)%和(29.71±20.45)%,与Uu阴性组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Uu阳性不育组精液AsAb阳性率为38.9%,高于Uu阴性不育组(18.1%)和健康对照组(7.5%),差异有统计学意义。结论男性不育患者精液中Uu检出率较高,Uu感染可导致精子质量下降和AsAb的产生。     

泌尿生殖道解脲支原体和人型支原体的耐药性分析

目的了解格尔木地区泌尿生殖道解脲支原体（Uu）和人型支原体（Mh）的感染状况及耐药性,指导临床合理用药。方法采用支原体培养、鉴定、药敏-体化试剂盒,对891例泌尿生殖道取材标本进行支原体培养、鉴定及药敏试验。结果 Uu单独阳性率36．29％,Uu＋Mh阳性率10．21％,Mh单独阳性率0．67％,三者阳性率具有显著性差异（P＜0．01）。男、女受检者阳性率分别为37．6％、61．87％,男、女泌尿生殖道支原体感染率有显著性差异（P＜0．01）。药敏试验结果显示：Uu、Mh、uu＋Mh感染对交沙霉索、强力霉素、甲砜霉素敏感性均较高,而对红霉素、斯帕沙星、可乐必妥、环丙沙星具有较高的耐药性。结论 格尔木地区Mh、Uu＋№耐药性比较严重,应引起重视。交沙霉索和强力霉素可作为目前治疗泌尿生殖道Uu、№、Uu＋Mh感染的首选药物。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.