护理研究课程中SPSS实习课教学的探讨

目的 探讨护理研究课程中SPSS实习课教学的方法及效果.方法 在护理研究课程中,增加4个学时SPSS实习课;由统计学教师负责讲授SPSS知识,并示教SPSS操作程序,学生利用计算机实践操作.结果 实习课程中学生学习热情较高,能与教师积极互动、共同探讨统计分析的方法;每组学生均能较好地分析资料特征,选择正确的统计描述指标和统计推断方法.结论在护理研究课程中增加SPSS实习课,可提高学生正确应用该软件处理科研数据的能力,培养其独立科研的能力.     

护理研究课程中SPSS实习课教学的探讨

目的探讨护理研究课程中SPSS实习课教学的方法及效果。方法在护理研究课程中,增加4个学时SPSS实习课;由统计学教师负责讲授SPSS知识,并示教SPSS操作程序,学生利用计算机实践操作。结果实习课程中学生学习热情较高,能与教师积极互动、共同探讨统计分析的方法;每组学生均能较好地分析资料特征,选择正确的统计描述指标和统计推断方法。结论在护理研究课程中增加SPSS实习课,可提高学生正确应用该软件处理科研数据的能力,培养其独立科研的能力。     

对大肝癌肝切除技术的体会

作者介绍了大肝癌肝切除术式的选择。对规则性左(右)半肝切除的三个步骤:游离肝脏、解剖肝门、切肝和肝断面的处理作了详细阐述,并介绍了另一些巨块型肝癌的几种处理方法。     

建筑数据管理系统的设计

分析了目前建筑设计单位应用CAD技术以后所面临的新问题,介绍了建筑数据管理系统（ADM系统）的总体设计、功能设计以及在设计中的几个技术问题的解决方法.     

WKZX微机自控系统及其应用

本文在介绍我院研制成的WKZX型微机自控系统的组成及性能基础上,提出了以微处理机为基础的数字自控系统设计及其规律。介绍了应用本装置所研究的几个实例——PWM微机伺服系统和发酵过程参数预值仿真及其控制等。     

膨体聚四氟乙烯面部整形材料的应用研究进展

膨体聚四氟乙烯因其独特的微孔结构和良好的生物相容性在面部整形领域具有广阔的应用前景,笔者从传统制备工艺、改善力学性能、提高抗菌性和特定部位假体制备几个方面综述了膨体聚四氟乙烯作为面部整形材料的开发进展;从鼻部整形、颜面部除皱、缺损处理以及唇增厚几个方面对膨体聚四氟乙烯在面部整形外科临床应用进行了介绍.同时,针对目前临床...     

临床应用三通时的常见问题及护理对策

三通在临床应用上已非常广泛,它避免了多液路多个穿刺点的缺点,减少了患者的痛苦及护理人员的工作量,提高了工作效率,在临床治疗中也发挥了相当重要的作用。但在实际应用过程中由于使用不当也出现了许多不良后果,针对这种情况,现对使用中应注意的几个问题介绍如下。     

Perthes病研究进展

Perthes病是一种常见的发生于儿童的自限性、自愈性、非系统性疾病。本文主要介绍了该病的病因、病理、诊断、分型、预后和治疗等几个方面的研究进展。     

骨肉瘤保肢术后康复护理中注意的几个问题

自1998年本院应用人工假体置换术治疗骨肉瘤18例,达到满意效果。不仅延长了患者的生命,而且提高了生活质量。现将保肢术后康复护理中应注意的几个问题介绍如下:     

胃癌根治手术的几个细节

胃癌根治术可简要分为肿瘤切除、淋巴结清扫和消化道重建3个步骤．其中肿瘤切除和淋巴结清扫在胃癌根治术应遵循“整块切除（enbloc）”的原则。在上述3个主要步骤中又以淋巴结清扫技术要求高．耗时长．相关损伤较多。本文简要介绍几个常见部位的淋巴结清扫和消化道重建的几个值得注意的细节。     

Pretreatment of formula with sodium polystyrene sulfonate to reduce dietary potassium intake

Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (SPSS) is commonly administered for the acute and chronic treatment of hyperkalemia. Its oral intake is complicated by poor compliance due to multifaceted reasons. We therefore analyzed a method of reducing potassium (K) in formula by pretreatment with SPSS. If effective, this would bypass complications of enterally administered SPSS and provide low-K formula. Thirteen formulas and nutritional supplements were pretreated with SPSS to determine if one could bind K and provide formulas with decreased K contents. Using an SPSS concentration of 1 g/l mEq K in the formula, 62±2.6% (P<0.01, mean±SEM) of the K was removed in 30 min, while the sodium (Na) concentration was increased by 234±37% (P<0.01). Analysis suggests that the disproportionate increase in Na is due to exchange for calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg), interaction with proteins, and Na suspended with SPSS in the formula. Thus, SPSS pretreatment of formula is an effective method of making low-K formula, but the increase in Na exceeds the K reduction. Attention to possible complications of increased Na intake as well as decreased Ca and Mg intake is warranted.     

A pilot study evaluating a new questionnaire for prostatic symptom scoring, the SPSS, and its sensitivity as constructed to objective measures of outflow obstruction

AIM: To evaluate the extent to which our newly developed questionnaire, the Saitama Prostate Symptom Score (SPSS), for prostatic symptom scoring reflects objective findings in benign prostatic hyperplasia (clinical BPH) and to compare it with the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) with regard to diagnostic sensitivity in clinical BPH. METHODS: In this study, both the SPSS and the IPSS were self-administered by patients. Free uroflowmetry, a pressure-flow study and the measurement of prostatic volume were carried out. RESULTS: There was no significant correlation between the results of the IPSS questionnaire and the urethral obstruction grade estimated by Schaefer or Abrams-Griffiths nomograms. The total score of the SPSS was correlated with these nomograms (P = 0.0487 and P = 0.0413, respectively). There was no significant correlation between the results of the IPSS questionnaire and the total volume or transition zone volume of the prostate, whereas the total score of the SPSS correlated with the total volume of the gland and transition zone volume (P = 0.0044 and P= 0.0051, respectively). CONCLUSION: This study revealed the SPSS to correlate with objective findings satisfactorily. However, there are still several aspects of the SPSS which need to be improved upon, and the questionnaire should be studied in larger numbers of patients suffering from lower urinary tract symptoms.     

对SPSS统计软件中Mcnemar检验结果的讨论

目的：比较手工计算与SPSS软件计算Mcnemar检验的结果,分析结果不一样的原因。方法选取相关书籍上配对设计资料的应用实例,用两种方法计算：一是利用Mcnemar检验公式进行手工计算,二是用SPSS统计软件计算,比较两种计算方法的结果有何不同。结果手工计算的结果为P=0.001,SPSS软件计算的结果为P=0.002,两种方法的结果有出入。结论SPSS统计软件对配对设计四格表资料进行计算时采用的是一种精确检验,运用的是二项分布原理,虽然与手工计算的结果有些出入,但无论用哪种方法都不会影响到最终的统计推断。     

PPH单、双荷包缝合法治疗重度痔的临床对比研究

为比较PPH单、双荷包缝合法治疗重度痔的临床疗效,将80例重度痔患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组采用PPH双荷包缝合法治疗,对照组采用PPH单荷包缝合法治疗．对比分析两组患者的疗效。结果显示,治疗组在切除黏膜环的宽度及均匀程度、控制吻合口的位置、术后痔核同缩率方面优于对照组;对照组在术中出血、手术时间方面优于治疗组;两组术后出血、疼痛、排尿障碍、肛门坠胀等并发症发生情况及治愈率方面差异无统计学意义。结果表明,PPH双荷包缝合法治疗重度痔在切除黏膜环的宽度及均匀程度、控制吻合口的位置、痔核回缩率等方面具有单荷包不可比拟的优点,而且双荷包可操作性强,因此,在严格控制适应症的情况下,应用PPH双荷包缝合法治疗重度痔效果更佳。     

胶原贴治疗寻常痤疮

目的探索胶原贴（胶原敷料）治疗寻常痤疮的可行性。方法选择临床表现轻度或中度的寻常痤疮患者100例，随机分为两组，每组50例，分别应用胶原贴与维A酸凝胶（维特明霜）治疗，利用SPSS统计学处理，对比两组的治疗效果。结果统计学结果表明：胶原贴实验组显效例数为34例，有效例数为15例，无效为1例，总有效率达98％；对照组显效例数为8例，有效例数为19例，无效例数为23例，总有效率为54％，t检验两组对比差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论胶原贴可作为治疗寻常痤疮的新尝试。     

ABO Blood Group and Prevalence of Osteoporosis and Osteopenia in the Elderly Population: An Amirkola Health and Ageing Project (AHAP)-Based Study

Osteoporosis is known as a degenerative disease of the skeletal system and its main complication is fracture, which influences quality of life in the elderly. There are 4 major blood groups in humans based on the presence of A and B antigens. According to the investigations, there are reported relations between blood types and some diseases. In this study, the association between the ABO blood group and the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in an elderly population was investigated. Medical records of 990 elderly people were investigated in a cross-sectional study and the association between their blood group and the incidence of osteoporosis and osteopenia was analyzed using SPSS version 17.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The results showed that ABO blood groups had no association with the prevalence of osteoporosis in both elderly men and women. The association between age and osteoporosis was significant and the association between this disorder and gender was significant too. The results also indicate that there is no association between RH⁺ and RH^? blood types and osteoporosis and osteopenia in both men and women. Based on this finding, it would be reasonable to conduct extensive studies.     

大米淀粉理化指标对其凝胶特性的影响

利用动态流变仪考察了 8种不同理化指标的大米淀粉在加热和冷却过程中凝胶黏弹性的变化 ,并用SPSS统计软件对大米淀粉理化指标与凝胶特性进行了相关性分析 .实验结果表明 :大米淀粉胶凝的速度和凝胶强度主要与淀粉中的直链淀粉含量有关 ,直链淀粉含量高的淀粉胶凝速度快 ,凝胶强度大 ;大米淀粉的胶稠度和淀粉粒的膨胀度等指标对其凝胶特性影响并不显著 .支链淀粉形成的凝胶其强度随温度的变化是可逆的 ,随着淀粉中直链淀粉含量的增加 ,这种变化的不可逆性增强 .     

The efficiency of some antibacterial agents on bacteria from saliva

Chlorhexidine is considered to be one of the most effective antiseptics, decreasing dental plaque formation and inhibiting the development of gingivitis. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The aim of the present study was to compare two antimicrobial rinsing solutions on saliva from 49 volunteer patients, randomly divided into three groups: Group A (n=16), in which each participant used NaF 0.05% for mouthrinsing twice a day, Group B (n=17), in which the patients used Chlorhexidine digluconat 0.2% for mouthrinsing twice a day and Group C, which was used as a control. Microbiological analysis of saliva was done by "Checkerboard DNA-DNA Hybridization" method for ten bacterial species. RESULTS: The SPSS 10.1 for Windows statistical software (SPSS Inc 2000) was used for data management and statistical tests. The chlorhexidine significantly reduced the salivary levels of mutans streptococci (p < 0.0001) and lactobacilli (p < 0.05) while the Na F solution did not. The results of this study show the efficiency of mouthrinses with chlorhexidine in reduction of cariogenic species. The chlorhexidine solution is very efficient in reduction of bacteria from saliva and the NaF solution in prophylactic concentration does not have influence on it.