合并右束支阻滞的冠心病患者临床及冠状动脉造影特点分析

目的分析合并完全性右束支传导阻滞Fightbundlebranchblock,RBBB）冠心病患者的临床以及冠状动脉造影特点。方法189例心电图显示右束支传导阻滞的患者,为本院2002年1月-2008年1月收入院,并接受冠状动脉造影检查的病例。最小年龄38岁,最大年龄86岁,平均年龄（61±10）岁,其中男性154例,女性35例。完全性右束支传导阻滞由心电图分析确定。采用Judkins法进行选择性冠状动脉及右心室造影检查,通过计算机图像处理系统测定右心室射血分数。所有资料采用SAS软件处理,P〈0．05认为差异有统计学意义。结果在189例患者中根据造影检查结果,确诊为冠心病者134例,其中男性116例,女性18例,平均年龄（62±9）岁。排除冠心病者55例,其中男性38例,女性17例,平均年龄（57±10）岁。与不合并冠心病者相比,冠心病合并RBBB者,年龄较大,男性多见,糖尿病、高血压、既往心肌梗死发生率较高;冠状动脉造影显示：单支、双支和三支病变分别占35％、24％和40％。病变部位：前降支受累者最多见,占85．1％,其次为右冠状动脉占62．7％,回旋支受累者57．5％,累及右主干者11．9％。多变量分析结果显示：经冠状动脉造影确诊的合并RBBB的冠心病患者,其独立预测因素包括：男性、年龄增加,合并高血压、糖尿病、既往心肌梗死者与冠心病发生密切相关,危险因素越多,冠状动脉造影诊断的冠心病发生率越高。结论大多数合并RBBB的冠心病患者,其临床特征包括：高龄、男性、多合并糖尿病或／和高血压,既往有心肌梗死史。当右束支传导阻滞伴不明原因胸痛或心电图异常难以解释时,冠状动脉造影有助于确定缺血性心脏病及病因诊断。     

冠心病合并非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病患者冠状动脉造影特点

目的 探讨冠心病（ＣＨＤ）合并非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（ＮＩＤＤＭ）患者的临床及冠状动脉（冠脉）造影特点。方法 对冠脉造影病例进行临床表现和血管造影资料对照分析。结果 冠心病合并ＮＩＤＤＭ者倾向于聚集多种心血管危险因素（高血压、血脂异常）。ＮＩＤＤＭ对女性的血脂异常影响似乎更为显著。与非糖尿病的冠心病虱相比,冠心病合并ＮＩＤＤＭ者不稳定心绞痛多见,且女性心肌梗死危险性增高。其冠脉血管受累程度高且弥漫性     

60例完全性左束支传导阻滞患者的临床及冠状动脉造影特点分析

目的 分析完全性左束支传导阻滞(LBBB)患者的临床以及冠状动脉和左心室造影特点。方法 60例患者为本院1993年1月～2002年7月收入院,心电图显示LBBB并接受冠状动脉造影检查。年龄35～72(51±11)岁,其中男性44例,女性16例。患者LBBB由心电图分析确定。采用Judkins法进行选择性冠状动脉及左心室造影检查,通过计算机图像处理系统测定左心室射血分数及室壁运动。所有资料采用SAS软件处理,以P<0.05作为差异有显著性。结果 在有胸痛的32例(53％)患者中,22例冠状动脉造影显示异常,10例造影正常。在28例(47％)无胸痛者中,9例冠状动脉造影异常,19例造影正常。(1)确诊为冠心病者29例(48％),其中有胸痛或心绞痛者20例,无心绞痛者9例。冠状动脉造影单支病变13例,双支病变4例,三支病变12例。左心室造影异常者18例。(2)确诊高血压病者9例(15％),其中有胸痛者4例,无胸痛者5例,冠状动脉造影均正常。(3)扩张型心肌病10例(17％),其中有胸痛者3例,无胸痛者7例,胸痛者中仅1例冠状动脉造影示前降支单支临界病变。(4)确诊风湿性心脏病2例(3％),其中1例有胸痛者冠状动脉造影显示双支病变。(5)临床仅表现LBBB,而无其他器质性心脏病证据者10例(17％);其中有胸痛者4例,无胸痛者6例,冠状动脉造影均正常。结论 LBBB较常见于冠心病,当L     

Ⅱ型糖尿病合并冠心病患者冠状动脉病变特点

目的 观察Ⅱ型糖尿病合并冠心病(CHD)患者的临床及冠状动脉病变特点.方法 对经冠状动脉造影检查的冠心病患者进行临床表现和造影结果对照分析.结果Ⅱ型糖尿病合并CHD者集中了多种心血管危险因素:高血压、血脂异常.与非糖尿病的CHD患者相比,Ⅱ型糖尿病合并CHD者冠状动脉血管受累程度高且弥漫性血管病变多.左心室射血分数低.有蛋白尿的Ⅱ型糖尿病合并CHD者冠状动脉血管病变及心功能损害更加严重.结论合并Ⅱ型糖尿病与不合并Ⅱ型糖尿病的冠心病患者的冠状动脉病变比较,前者冠状动脉病变严重、弥漫,心功能差.有与无蛋白尿的Ⅱ型糖尿病合并CHD者比较,前者冠状动脉受累程度及病变更加严重,左心室射血分数更低.     

冠状动脉正常的急性Q波性心肌梗死单中心回顾性分析

目的 回顾性分析冠状动脉正常的急性Q波性心肌梗死患者的临床特点.方法 选取中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院确诊为急性心肌梗死,合并心电图病理性Q波形成,并经冠状动脉造影证实冠状动脉正常的患者17例,分析其临床特点.结果 本研究中,4例患者有自发性冠状动脉痉挛,表现为冠状动脉造影时严重狭窄但冠状动脉内给予硝酸甘油后狭窄消失.1例女性患者既往有下肢动脉栓塞病史,经血液系统进一步检查证实为蛋白C缺乏症.1例患者为粒细胞增多症,3例患者为血小板增多症.另有1例患者有肺癌病史,考虑可能与肺癌相关的高凝状态有关.急性Q波性心肌梗死但罪犯冠状动脉正常的患者占同期急性心肌梗死患者比例为1.85％（17/918）.此类患者平均年龄为44.2岁,男性为主,占88.2％（15/17）,吸烟比例高达82.4％（14/17）,其中吸烟患者中男性达92.9％（13/14）,与非冠状动脉正常的急性Q波性心肌梗死患者比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.急性Q波性心肌梗死但罪犯冠状动脉正常的患者左心室射血分数显著高于冠状动脉造影异常组（54.4％±9.6％ vs.45.8％±8.8％,P＜0.01）.另外,造影正常组所有患者住院期间均未发生主要心血管事件,而造影异常组主要心血管事件发生率为6.7％（60/901）.结论 急性心肌梗死但冠状动脉正常患者以男性为主,多有吸烟史,同时合并有血液系统疾病者较多见,但大部分心功能状态良好,住院期间未见严重主要心血管事件.     

中年女性冠心病患者临床特点分析

目的：探讨中年女性冠心病患者冠状动脉造影特点及发病危险因素分析。方法：在我院经冠状动脉造影确诊为冠心病的,年龄为40岁以上的住院患者389例,根据年龄和性别分为中年女性（40～59岁）组、老年女性（60～75岁）组和中年男性组,对其冠状动脉造影资料、危险因素进行回顾性分析。结果：（1）中年女性与同龄男性比较：高血压病、高脂血症患病率女性显著低于男性（P〈0．01）;糖尿病患病率女性与男性差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。冠状动脉受累血管数及严重程度女性显著轻于男性（P〈0．01）;（2）中年女性与老年女性比较：高血压病、高脂血症、糖尿病患病率,冠状动脉受累血管数及严重程度显著低于老年女性（P〈0．01）。结论：中年女性冠心病危险因素及发病率均低于同龄男性及老年女性,冠脉病变也较轻。     

女性冠心病临床诊治分析

目的：分析女性冠心病（CHD）患者的临床特征及治疗手段。方法：对我院2005年1月～2007年3月因胸痛入院行冠状动脉造影（CAG）诊断为CHD的83例女性患者以及90例男性患者的I临床特点、治疗手段进行回顾性分析。结果：与男性CHD患者相比,女性CHD患者多为高龄,合并糖尿病、高血压、高血脂较多,吸烟和家族史较少,典型心绞痛发生率较低;冠状动脉造影多为中、重度病变（P均〈0．05）。女性CHD患者症状缓解较慢,住院天数较多（P〈0．05）。结论：女性冠心病多见于绝经后的中、老年人群,合并高血压病、糖尿病、高脂血症较多,血管病变严重者较多。     

中年女性患者冠状动脉造影的临床特点分析

目的 分析中年女性冠心病临床危险因素、冠状动脉造影及介入治疗特点,评价冠心病发病、危险因素构成、冠状动脉造影及介入治疗方面年龄和性别的差异.方法 入选1998年1月1日至2006年12月30日9年间在我院临床疑诊冠心病、年龄40～79岁、行冠状动脉造影的住院患者5685例.根据年龄分为中年组(40～59岁)和老年组(60～79岁),根据性别分为女性组和男性组.以同龄男性及老年女性为对照,回顾性分析冠心病危险因素在中年女性的分布情况、冠心病的检出率、冠状动脉病变及介入治疗特点、肾动脉造影及介入治疗特点.结果 ①中年女性与同龄男性比较:血脂异常患病率女性(75.68%)显著低于男性(88.80%)(P<0.01);高血压患病率女性(59.42%)显著高于男性(50.66%)(P<0.01);糖尿病患病率女性(30.47%)与男性(33.42%)差异无统计学意义(P=0.98);陈旧心肌梗死患病率女性(11.48%)显著低于男性(42.50%)(P<0.01);脑卒中患病率女性(5.01%)与男性(4.77%)差异无统计学意义(P=0.82);肾功能下降患病率女性(1.71%)低于男性(2.87%)(P=0.07).冠状动脉造影冠心病检出率女性(36.64%)显著低于男性(69.10%)(P<0.001);在冠心病患者中,冠状动脉受累血管数量及严重程度中年女性组比男性轻(P<0.01);介入治疗比例(58.87%)低于男性(67.08%)(P<0.01).肾动脉狭窄检出率女性(8.62%)高于男性(4.97%)(P<0.05).②中年女性与老年女性比较:血脂异常、高血压、糖尿病、陈旧心梗、脑卒中、肾功能不全患病率,冠状动脉造影阳性率,冠状动脉病变受累血管数量及严重程度,冠状动脉介入治疗比例,肾动脉狭窄检出率均显著低于老年女性组(P<0.01).结论 在临床疑诊冠心病而行冠状动脉造影的患者中,中年女性血脂异常、陈旧心梗患病率、冠心病检出率、冠状动脉病变受累血管数量及严重程度、介入治疗比例显著低于同龄男性及老年女性.     

冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉造影特点分析

经冠状动脉造影检查确诊的冠心病患者574例，其中合并T2DM的135例和随机选取124例单纯冠心病患者的临床资料和冠状动脉病变情况进行比较。结果：两组在年龄、吸烟方面无统计学意义。但体重指数、高血压、血脂异常较了非糖尿病组高（P〈0．05），受累血管病变总比例高，糖尿病组以前降支、右冠状动脉、C型病变为多冠状动脉受累范围广，双支、三支血管病变发生率明显高（P〈0．05）。结论：合并T2DM使冠心病患者冠状动脉病变加重且弥漫。     

老年冠心病合并2型糖尿病病人冠状动脉造影分析

2型糖尿病（T2DM）70％～80％死于心血管疾病，其中3／4死于冠状动脉疾病，其心肌梗死发病率高，预后差。国内外多数研究。认为糖尿病并发冠心病者多支病变及血管受累比例较高，且存在弥漫性病变。本研究对比我院合并或不合并T2DM的冠心病患者的冠状动脉造影，比较二者病变血管的狭窄程度、病变血管支数、及冠状动脉病变总记分的差异。     

Predictors of coronary artery disease in patients with left bundle branch block undergoing coronary angiography

Patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB) and concomitant coronary artery disease (CAD) have a worse prognosis than those with LBBB without CAD. In addition, subjects with CAD and concomitant LBBB have a higher cardiovascular mortality than those with a similar extent of CAD but without LBBB. Because the presence of LBBB makes the noninvasive identification of CAD problematic, patients with LBBB often are referred for coronary angiography to assess the presence and severity of CAD. To determine the clinical and demographic variables that might help identify those with CAD, we analyzed data from 336 consecutive patients with LBBB referred for coronary angiography. Of the 336, 54% had CAD. In conclusion, those with CAD were likely to be older, Caucasian, and men; they were more likely to have angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, and diabetes mellitus; and they were more likely to have a left ventricular ejection fraction <0.50. In contrast, patients with heart failure were less likely to have CAD.     

112例左束支传导阻滞患者冠状动脉造影结果及临床特点分析

目的探讨左束支传导阻滞(LBBB)患者冠状动脉造影结果及临床特点。方法分析112例具有冠状动脉造影结果的LBBB患者的临床资料,冠状动脉至少1支主要分支管腔狭窄>50%为冠心病的诊断标准。结果 112例患者中,46例符合冠心病诊断标准(41.1%),其中24例为冠状动脉单支病变(52.2%),14例为冠状动脉2支病变(30.4%),8例为左主干病变或者3支病变(17.4%)。LVEF>40%的92例患者中,有左主干病变或者3支病变的仅为5例(5.4%);20例LVEF≤40%的患者中,则有3例(15.0%)为左主干病变或者3支病变。结论冠心病为LBBB的第1位病因,依次为高血压、糖尿病、扩张型心肌病及单纯LBBB;诊断为冠心病的LBBB患者中以冠状动脉单支病变为主,因此,冠心病的严重程度与LBBB没有直接关系。LBBB伴有左心室收缩功能不全的患者中左主干或者3支病变的发生率明显高于不伴有左心室收缩功能不全的患者。     

Comparison of presence and extent of coronary narrowing in patients with left bundle branch block without diabetes mellitus to patients with and without left bundle branch block but with diabetes mellitus

We prospectively analyzed the clinical, echocardiographic, and coronary arteriographic data of 51 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with left bundle branch block (LBBB), 51 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without LBBB, and 51 patients with isolated LBBB matched for age and gender. Extent of coronary artery disease (CAD) was classified according to the standard method into 1-, 2-, or 3-vessel disease and was estimated by calculation of the Gensini score. The left ventricular ejection fraction was analyzed by echocardiography. Age, gender, and percentage of patients with a smoking habit or family history of CAD did not differ among the groups. The rates of hypertension and levels of serum creatinine, cholesterol, and triglycerides were statistically higher in group I compared with the other 2 groups. Patients with diabetes and LBBB (group I) had significantly higher scores for the severity (Gensini score) of CAD (p <0.001) and more 3-vessel disease (p <0.001). After adjustment for hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypercholesterolemia with covariance analysis, the presence of LBBB was also associated with a higher Gensini score in patients with diabetes compared with those with diabetes but without LBBB and those with isolated LBBB (p <0.001). The present study, for the first time, has shown that patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and concomitant LBBB have more severe and extensive CAD and advanced left ventricular dysfunction compared with those with diabetes but without LBBB and those with isolated LBBB.     

Predictors of ventricular dysfunction and coronary artery disease in Iranian patients with left bundle branch block

Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and concomitant left bundle branch block (LBBB) have increased cardiovascular mortality rates in comparison with those with CAD but without LBBB. In patients with LBBB, therefore, the delineation of the presence and severity of CAD may be helpful in providing prognostic information. In this cross-sectional study 219 patients with LBBB and suspected CAD that underwent coronary angiography, assessed for having CAD and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. CAD was present in 124 (56.3%) patients and left ventricular ejection fraction <50% was seen in 147 (67.1%) patients. Advanced age (p=0.001), male gender (p=0.027, OR=1.94), history of chest pain (p=0.015, OR=2.08) and LVEF <50% (p=0.026, OR=3.04) were predictors of CAD and older age (p=0.004), male gender (p=0.017, OR=2.11), history of diabetes mellitus (p=0.043, OR=1.45) and angiographically documented CAD (p=0.001, OR=3.41) were predictors of LV dysfunction.     

Assessing ischemic heart disease in patients with left bundle branch block--an emerging role for multislice computed tomography

Diagnosis of left bundle branch block (LBBB) with concomitant coronary artery disease (CAD) alters the prognosis and the therapeutic management. All common non-invasive stress tests have a limited performance to identify CAD in patients with LBBB. Thus invasive coronary angiography is often needed to confirm or defer obstructive CAD. We propose a new diagnostic algorithm in evaluation of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with LBBB.     

Value of dobutamine stress echocardiography for diagnosis of coronary artery disease in patients with left bundle branch blockage

BACKGROUND: Left bundle branch blockage (LBBB) is a strong predictor of cardiovascular mortality. Non-invasive tests such as exercise-stress testing and scintigraphy studies have no diagnostic value for diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with LBBB. OBJECTIVE: To study the role of dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) in identification of CAD in patients with LBBB. METHODS: Thirty patients (19 men and 11 women, mean age 60 +/- 8 years) with permanent, complete LBBB were studied prospectively with DSE and coronary angiography. RESULTS: Results of DSE were compared with results of coronary angiography for left anterior descending artery and either left circumflex or right coronary artery territories, or both. Significant CAD was found in left anterior descending coronary arteries in 11 patients by coronary angiography; nine of whom were identified by DSE. Significant left circumflex or right coronary artery disease, or both, was found in nine patients; eight of whom were identified by DSE. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of DSE for identifying CAD in left anterior descending coronary artery territory were 82, 95 and 90%, respectively. For identifying CAD in the circumflex and right coronary artery territories sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 88, 96 and 93%, respectively. CONCLUSION: We concluded that DSE is a very sensitive, specific and accurate non-invasive test for identification of CAD, both in left anterior descending and in left circumflex and right coronary artery territories of patients with LBBB.     

冠心病伴束支传导阻滞患者冠状动脉病变特点研究

目的 :探讨冠心病伴束支传导阻滞患者冠状动脉血管病变特点。方法 :回顾性分析冠心病伴束支传导阻滞患者 (束支阻滞组 ,39例 )及无束支阻滞的冠心病患者 (对照组 ,35 1例 )心电图束支阻滞有无与冠状动脉病变的对应关系。结果 :与对照组比较 ,束支阻滞组左主干、左回旋支 (LCX)及三支血管 [左前降支 (LAD)、LCX、右冠状动脉 (RCA)同时存在病变 ]发生病变比率增加 (P <0 .0 1,P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 5 )。右束支传导阻滞(RBBB)者LAD及RCA发病率高 ,RBBB并发左前分支阻滞 (LAFB)者三支血管病变发生率增高 ,左束支传导阻滞 (LBBB)者LAD、LCX病变发生率高 ,LAFB者LAD病变发生率高 ,房室传导阻滞伴束支阻滞患者多为三支血管病变。结论 :冠心病伴束支阻滞预示冠状动脉病变广泛而严重 ,LBBB提示冠状动脉血管病变以左冠状动脉为主 ,RBBB提示冠状动脉血管病变多累及RCA及LAD ,如存在 2种以上阻滞 ,特别是并发有左前分支或房室阻滞时 ,多提示存在三支血管病变及左主干病变     

老年慢性肺原性心脏病合并冠心病临床分析

目的：探讨老年慢性肺心病合并冠心病的的临床特点。方法：回顾分析福建省老年医院2002年1月至2006年12月期间82例老年慢性肺心病合并冠心病患者（A组）和195例老年单纯慢性肺心病患者（B组）的临床资料，比较分析两组患者的临床特点。结果：两组比较是易患因素高血压、糖尿病和肥胖比例有显著差别（P〈0．05），临床表现陈旧性心肌梗塞史、完全性左束枝传导阻滞（LBBB）、心界向左或向左下扩大、持续缺血的ST—T改变、Ⅱ～Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞、电轴右偏和重度右心衰竭有显著差别（P〈0．05）。结论：慢性肺心病患者若有陈旧性心肌梗塞史、高血压、糖尿病、肥胖或LBBB、心界向左或左下扩大应考虑合并冠心病。     

Presence and extent of angiographic coronary narrowing in patients with left bundle branch block

Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and concomitant left bundle branch block have increased mortality compared with those with CAD but without left bundle branch block. We retrospectively analyzed the extent of CAD in 200 patients with left bundle branch block referred for coronary angiography. Only 13% had left main or 3-vessel CAD. These findings were irrespective of left ventricular (LV) function. Of the 65 patients with normal LV function, only 5 (8%) had left main or 3-vessel disease, and of the 135 patients with depressed LV function, only 21 (16%) had left main or 3-vessel disease.