帕利哌酮缓释片与喹硫平治疗首发精神分裂症对照研究

目的：比较帕利哌酮缓释片与喹硫平治疗首发精神分裂症患者的疗效和安全性。方法：对64例首发精神分裂症患者随机分成帕利哌酮缓释片组和喹硫平组,用阳性与阴性症状量表（ PANSS）及不良反应症状量表（ TESS）于治疗前、治疗1周、2周、4周和8周分别进行疗效和不良反应的评定。结果：帕利哌酮缓释片组显效率78．2％,喹硫平组显效率68．8％,2组有效率差异无统计学意义（ P﹥0．05）。帕利哌酮缓释片组起效快,治疗1周PANSS评分即显著下降,与喹硫平组有显著性差异（ P＜0．05）,治疗8周后PANSS评分差异也有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。帕利哌酮缓释片组不良反应轻微且低于喹硫平组。结论：帕利哌酮缓释片对首发精神分裂症患者效果肯定,起效快,副反应轻微。     

帕利哌酮缓释片与喹硫平治疗精神分裂症的对照研究

目的：探讨帕利哌酮缓释片与喹硫平治疗精神分裂症的疗效差异,指导临床用药。方法：收治精神分裂症患者60例,随机分成喹硫平组和帕利哌酮缓释片组各30例,喹硫平组给予喹硫平进行治疗,帕利哌酮缓释片组给予帕利哌酮缓释片治疗。结果：喹硫平组治愈10例,显著进步9例,进步8例,无效3例,总有效率为90．0％;帕利哌酮缓释片组治愈14例,显著进步12例,进步2例,无效1例,总有效率96．7％,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。喹硫平组发生嗜睡7例,头晕7例,失眠3例,帕利哌酮缓释片组发生锥体外系反应9例,失眠2例,两组不良反应比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：帕利哌酮缓释片与喹硫平治疗精神分裂症疗效差异不大,但是帕利哌酮缓释片用药较为持久．     

帕利哌酮缓释片与喹硫平在精神分裂症急性期的疗效的对照研究

目的：比较帕利哌酮缓释片与喹硫平在治疗精神分裂症急性期中的疗效及耐受性。方法将符合入组的62例患者随机分入帕利哌酮组（3～12 mg/d,n＝30）和喹硫平组（300～750 mg/d,n＝32）,进行为期4周的观察治疗,分别在治疗的0、1、2、4周进行量表评估,使用PANSS、BPRS、CGI-S对药物疗效进行评估,使用TESS、SAS量表对药物的耐受性进行评估。其中有2例使用帕利哌酮的患者因经济原因退出研究,1例使用喹硫平的患者因为明显增强的冲动行为换用其他药物治疗,共59例患者完成了最终的试验。结果两组患者在治疗4周后PANSS量表减分率、BPRS分值差以及CGI-S较基线均有明显改善（P＜0．001）,两组间比较在治疗的第1周末PANSS评分结果具有统计学意义,帕利哌酮组的起效时间快,优于奎硫平组（P＜0．05）。两组均未出现严重的药物不良反应,TESS以及SAS评分没有统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论帕利哌酮和喹硫平在精神分裂症的急性期治疗上效果好,而帕利哌酮起效速度优于喹硫平,两药物均有良好的耐受性。     

氯氮平联合帕利哌酮缓释片治疗难治性精神分裂症疗效观察

目的：探讨氯氮平联合帕利哌酮缓释片治疗难治性精神分裂症住院患者的疗效及安全性。方法：本研究为12周的随机、对照的临床研究,将70例难治性精神分裂症住院患者随机分为研究组（氯氮平联合帕利哌酮）和对照组（氯氮平加安慰剂组）各35例,疗程12周,主要疗效指标为12周末阳性和阴性症状量表（ PANSS）较基线的变化,次要指标为个人和社会功能量表（ PSP ）。采用治疗中出现的症状量表（ TESS）评定安全性。结果：治疗后两组PANSS 总分均较治疗前降低,但研究组PANSS总分降低更明显,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0．05）,研究组PSP改善好于对照组（P＜0．01）,不良反应差异无统计学意义。结论：在难治性精神分裂症住院患者中,氯氮平联合帕利哌酮能取得较单用氯氮平治疗更好的疗效,并且有较好的安全性和耐受性。     

帕利哌酮缓释片联合米氮平治疗精神分裂症阴性症状患者及其社会功能的研究

目的探讨帕利哌酮缓释片联合米氮平治疗精神分裂症阴性症状患者临床疗效、社会功能改善程度及不良反应。方法将150例阴性症状为主的精神分裂症患者分为3组,帕利哌酮缓释片组50例,帕利哌酮缓释片＋米氮平组50例,帕利哌酮缓释片＋安慰剂组50例。帕利哌酮缓释片组患者给予帕利哌酮缓释片治疗,起始剂量均为6mg·d-1,根据病情,1周后调整为6～12mg·d-1。在帕利哌酮缓释片组患者治疗的基础上,帕利哌酮缓释片＋米氮平组联用米氮平15—45mg·d。治疗,帕利哌酮缓释片＋安慰剂组给予安慰剂15—45mg-d“治疗,疗程12周。分别采用阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS）、社会功能缺陷量表（SDSS）和不良反应症状量表（TESS）评定疗效、社会功能及安全性。结果治疗后3组患者PANSS总分均较治疗前显著降低（P〈005）。治疗后第12周末,帕利哌酮缓释片＋米氮平组患者的SDSS总分及PANSS阴性因子分均显著低于帕利哌酮缓释片组和帕利哌酮缓释片＋安慰剂组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。3组不良反应均为轻度。结论帕利哌酮缓释片联合米氮平治疗精神分裂症阴性症状患者具有疗效好、患者社会功能恢复好及不良反应少的特点。     

帕利哌酮缓释片与利培酮片治疗精神分裂症对照研究

目的：对比帕利哌酮缓释片与利培酮片治疗精神分裂症的临床效果及不良反应。方法将70例就诊的精神分裂症患者随机分为两组各35例,观察组采用帕利哌酮缓释片治疗,对照组采用利培酮片治疗。采用PANSS对治疗前和治疗1、2、4、8周治疗效果进行评定,采用TESS对不良反应进行评定。结果观察组与对照组在显效率（62．86％、62．5％）和有效率（82．86％、81．25％）上无统计学差异（ P＞0．05）;治疗8周后PANSS各项指标均较治疗前显著好转,有统计学差异（P＜0．05,P＜0．01）;观察组治疗8周后PANSS阴性症状显著低于对照组,有统计学意义（P＜0．05）,其余各治疗时间段两组PANSS之间没有显著差异,无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论帕利哌酮缓释片治疗精神分裂症临床效果好,在改善阴性症状方面具有较好疗效,是一种安全性较高的抗精神病药物。     

帕利哌酮缓释片治疗儿童精神分裂症的疗效及安全性研究

目的 探讨帕利哌酮缓释片治疗儿童精神分裂症的疗效及安全性.方法 选取精神卫生中心30例儿童精神分裂症患者,采用帕利哌酮缓释片治疗8周.以阳性及阴性症状量表（PANSS）减分率评定疗效,用治疗中出现的症状量表（TESS）和实验室监测评定安全性,个人社会功能量表（PSP）评定个人社会功能恢复状况.结果 临床总有效率为90.00％,帕利哌酮缓释片治疗1周末各量表评分均降低,其中阴性症状分量表评分有显著性下降（P＜0.05）,阳性症状分量表、一般精神病理分量表、PANSS总分评分有极显著下降（P＜0.01）;各量表评分于治疗2、4、8周末,均较治疗前有极显著下降（P＜0.01）.不良反应少而轻微,多可自行缓解.社会功能明显改善.结论 帕利哌酮缓释片治疗儿童精神分裂症的阴性症状和阳性症状均有效,且起效快、不良反应轻微,具有较高的安全性和依从性.     

帕利哌酮缓释片与喹硫平治疗老年期首发分裂症的对照研究

目的 探讨帕利哌酮缓释片治疗老年期首发分裂症的疗效和安全性.方法 对64老年期首发分裂症患者按入院顺序,按奇偶发随机分成帕利哌酮缓释片组和喹硫平组,用PANSS量表和TESS量表在治疗前、1、2、4、8周进行评定.结果 帕利哌酮缓释片组显效率75%,有效率93.7%,喹硫平组显效率71%,有效率96.8%,两组间疗效差异无统计学意义,帕利哌酮缓释片起效快,不良反应低于喹硫平组,且不良反应轻微.结论 帕利哌酮缓释片与喹硫平对老年期首发分裂症的疗效相当,但起效快且不良反应轻微,依从性更好     

帕利哌酮缓释片治疗精神分裂症的对照研究

目的探讨帕利哌酮缓释片治疗精神分裂症的疗效和安全性。方法86例精神分裂症患者按治疗疗法不同分为治疗组和对照组,分别给予帕利哌酮缓释片和利培酮治疗8周,采用阳性症状和阴性症状量表（PANSS）评定临床疗效,副反应量表（TESS）评定药物不良反应。结果治疗8周后两组疗效相当,治疗组和对照组的有效率分别为79．07％和76．74％,两组比较差异无统计学意义Z=-0．567,P=0．571）。治疗组不良反应的发生率显著低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（χ^2=17．12,P=0．00）。结论帕利哌酮缓释片治疗精神分裂症起效快,疗效确切,不良反应轻微,安全性好。     

帕利哌酮缓释片治疗精神分裂症的临床效果及安全性探讨

目的分析和探讨帕利哌酮缓释片治疗精神分裂症临床效果及安全性。方法将80例精神分裂症患者平均分成40例/组,对照组患者采用口服喹硫平片进行治疗,观察组患者采用帕利哌酮缓释片进行治疗。结果观察组临床疗效高于对照组,不良反应发生率、PANSS评分更低,P0.05。结论对于精神分裂症患者的临床治疗当中,帕利哌酮缓释片相对临床疗效显著。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.