GerdQ量表在胃食管反流病中的诊断价值

目的:探讨以反流症状为主的问卷调查(GerdQ)在诊断胃食管反流病(GERD)中的价值.方法:在接待消化内科门诊就诊患者中,对97例存在反流相关症状者进行问卷调查.按照烧心、反流、非心源性上腹痛、恶心、对睡眠有无影响、是否服用OTC药物6项的发作频率进行记分,总分范围为0-18,最高分可达18分,以内镜检查有否反流性食管炎(RE)及PPI诊断试验为诊断GERD的金标准,并与GerdQ分值进行比较,计算出诊断GERD的临界值.结果:1005例门诊患者中97例患者有反流相关症状,男女比例0.94:1,平均年龄47.37岁.经内镜检查诊断RE45例.以GerdQ分值9为临界值,Youden指数最大(0.41),ROC曲线下面积为最大(取8.5分时ROC曲线下面积最大,为0.727),对GERD诊断阳性符合率86.76%,阴性符合率为48.27%,敏感度为79.73%,特异度为61%.结论:GerdQ量表是诊断GERD的一个良好的筛选试验,可作为初步诊断GERD易行有效的方法.     

GerdQ量表在胃食管反流病诊断中的应用

目的探讨胃食管反流病量表(GerdQ)应用于诊断胃食管反流病(GERD)的价值。 方法对2013年6月至2014年10月在新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院就诊收住并存在反流相关症状的疑似胃食管反流病的1 000例患者进行问卷调查,按照烧心、反流、上腹痛、恶心、睡眠障碍、是否服用OTC药物等6项症状的发作频率进行评分。采用上消化道内镜检查及食管24 h pH监测作为GERD诊断的标准,并与GerdQ分值进行比较,最后计算出诊断GERD的临界值,进而分析GerdQ量表在GERD中的诊断价值。 结果GERD组的GerdQ积分主要集中于7～12分,非GERD组主要集中于6分以下,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。以GerdQ分值8为临界值,Youden指数最大(0.51),ROC曲线下的面积0.765,其敏感度为81.32%,特异性为70.21%,阳性预测值83.24%,阴性预测值61.53%。 结论GerdQ量表简单、易行,可作为临床上筛查诊断GERD的有效方法。     

典型反流症状对胃食管反流疾病的诊断效果

[目的]评价典型反流症状在胃食管反流疾病(GERD)患者中的的诊断价值。[方法]选取2011年1月~2013年12月于本院消化内科就诊,有反流症状疑诊为GERD的122例患者为研究对象,以胃食管反流疾病问卷(GerdQ)评价患者的症状,以胃镜检查发现反流性食管炎(RE)和(或)质子泵抑制剂(PPI)试验阳性作为GERD的诊断标准,并进行RE的洛杉矶(LA)分级,据此将122例患者分为GERD组和非GERD组。比较2组的临床资料及GerdQ评分,通过受试工作者曲线(ROC)计算GerdQ的临界值、灵敏度、特异度以及Youden指数。[结果]122例患者中诊断为GERD者88例,占72.1%。GERD组和非GERD组患者在性别、年龄、阳性症状(烧心、反流)的发生率及其评分、阳性影响(睡眠障碍、服用药物)的发生率及其评分等方面无明显差异(P0.05),GERD组的阴性症状(上腹痛、恶心)的发生率明显低于非GERD组(P0.05),并且其评分均明显高于非GERD组(P0.05)。各个LA级别的GerdQ总分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。ROC表明将9分作为其临界值时,灵敏度为81.2%,特异度为57.9%,Youden指数达到0.391,ROC曲线面积为0.65,诊断意义最大。[结论]典型反流症状可以在一定程度上帮助GERD的诊断,采用GerdQ自评问卷来评价反流症状,并以9分为临界值,有较高的诊断价值,可以作为初诊GERD简易有效的方法。     

西安地区老年胃食管反流病发病情况调查

目的了解西安地区老年人胃食管反流病(GERD)的发病情况,同时评价GerdQ量表对GERD的诊断价值。方法随机选取消化内科门诊老年患者894例,非老年患者1 010例,应用标准方法诊断GERD,比较老年与非老年GERD的症状、发生率及食管酸暴程度;所有GERD患者均进行GerdQ评分。结果 (1)老年患者GERD检出率高于非老年患者(P<0.025);(2)老年糜烂性食管炎(EE)中男性检出率高于女性及非老年男性(P<0.05),老年非糜烂性反流病(NERD)中女性检出率高于男性及非老年女性(P<0.025);老年患者DeMeester评分高于非老年患者(P<0.001);(3)应用GerdQ量表与标准方法比较,GERD检出率差异无显著性,老年GERD患者的GerdQ评分低于非老年患者(P<0.001)。结论 GERD发生率随年龄增长而增高;老年GERD患者的非典型症状及食管外症状较突出、食管黏膜损害较非老年患者加重;GerdQ量表对GERD的初步诊断具有临床应用价值。     

胃食管反流病问卷评分对胃食管反流病患者食管酸暴露的预测意义

目的 确定胃食管反流病问卷(GerdQ)症状评分能否反映胃食管反流病(GERD)患者由24 h食管动态pH监测显示的酸暴露情况,进一步验证GerdQ的临床应用价值.方法 纳入2008年11月至2010年3月因烧心等上消化道症状就诊的门诊GERD病例134例,均完成胃镜检查、24 h食管动态pH监测和GerdQ量表.根据...     

反流性疾病问卷在胃食管反流病诊断中的价值

目的 探讨以反流症状为主的问卷调查(RDQ)在诊断胃食管反流病(GERD)中的价值。方法 上海、北京等10家医院多中心研究，对128例有烧心、胸骨后疼痛、反酸、反食等四种消化道症状的患者，按症状程度与发作频率为记分标准(5级记分制)，最高分可达40分，取症状6分以上为人选患者，以内镜检查有否反流性食管炎(RE)及24h食管pH检测为诊断(3ERE)的金标准，并与RDQ分值进行比较，计算出诊断GERD的临界值。结果 RDQ分值与RE严重程度呈正相关，食管pH检测异常组DeMeester积分显著高于正常组(20．18／16．84)。以RDQ分值12为临界值，Youden指数最大，ROC曲线下面积(Az)为0．71，对GERD诊断阳性符合率达88．07％，阴性符合率为68．42％，敏感度为94．12％，特异度为50．00％。结论 RDQ调查是诊断GERD的一个良好的筛选试验。     

症状相关概率在胃食管反流性咳嗽诊断中的应用价值

目的 通过前瞻性研究探讨症状相关概率(SAP)诊断胃食管反流性咳嗽(GERC)的最佳标准,以提高诊断精确性.方法 选择2011年7月至2013年2月连续在同济大学附属同济医院呼吸内科门诊就诊的可疑GERC患者,进行多通道食管腔内阻抗-pH值监测检查,结合患者日记卡上咳嗽记录计算SAP,并经药物抗反流试验证实诊断.根据最高的Youden指数确立SAP诊断GERC的最佳标准,分析其敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值,计算AUCROC和Kappa值,并与国内外SAP 诊断标准相比较.结果 在纳入的103例中,87例(84.5％)患者最终确诊为GERC,其中酸反流引起者54例(62.1％),非酸反流引起者33例(37.9％).SAP≥80％时Youden指数最高(0.372),AUCROC 值为0.686,Kappa值为0.264,诊断GERC的敏感度为74.7％,特异度62.5％,阳性预测值91.5％,阴性预测值31.3％,维持较高诊断敏感度和特异度之间的平衡,优于国内SAP≥75％和国际≥95％的诊断标准.结合DeMeester积分≥12.7的条件,则AUCROC值为0.820,Kappa值0.689,敏感度87.0％,特异度76.0％,阳性预测值94.1％,阴性预测值80.0％,诊断效率和精确性与单纯SAP≥80％比较有进一步提高.结论 SAP≥80％可能是GERC的更合适诊断标准.     

脂肪性肝病与胃食管反流病的相关性研究

目的评估脂肪性肝病(FLD)与胃食管反流病GERD之间的关系。方法选取2 000例受试者,采用较简便的胃食管反流病问卷(GerdQ)作为初筛GERD诊断标准,对入选者均进行腹部超声波等检查,分析FLD与GERD关系。结果对2 000例患者利用GerdQ评估GERD诊断情况,有176例(8.8%)诊断为GERD,女68人(38.64%),男108人(61.36%);脂肪肝患者760例,患病率38.0%,在脂肪肝组中,男女性GERD症状的GerdQ阳性率分别为13.77%和12.24%,两者无明显差异(P>0.05)。脂肪肝人群发生GERD症状的患病率与对照组存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论脂肪肝与GERD显著相关,控制脂肪肝发展可以降低GERD发病率。     

难治性胃食管反流症状一定是胃食管反流病吗?

胃食管反流症状可由酸、非酸或弱酸等病理性反流所致,也可出现于食管高敏感、食管动力障碍、食管器质性疾病或解剖异常等情况。难治性胃食管反流病(GERD)是指经标准剂量质子泵抑制剂(PPI)治疗后症状仍不能缓解的GERD。大部分PPI治疗效果不佳的反流症状患者,其病因并非反流,而是由嗜酸粒细胞性食管炎、食管动力障碍、胃轻瘫或合并功能性胃肠病所致,对这类患者应详细了解病史,并行胃镜、病理检查以及食管pH/阻抗监测以明确其潜在病因。     

胃食管反流病诊断方法的临床价值

胃食管反流病（GERD）虽可根据反流症状群、上消化道内镜检查、24h食管pH监测、质子泵抑制剂（PPI）诊断性治疗等综合分析而作出诊断,但目前尚缺乏统一、明确的诊断流程和标准,因此GERD的诊断仍存在诸多争议。本文就GERD相关诊断方法的临床价值作一综述。     

Supraesophageal manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease.

An increasing amount of evidence indicates that gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a contributing factor to hoarseness, throat clearing, throat discomfort, chronic cough, and shortness of breath. The association between GERD and these supraesophageal symptoms may be elusive. Heartburn and regurgitation are absent in more than 50% of patients. Acid reflux should be considered if signs of GERD are present, symptoms are unexplained, or symptoms are refractory to therapy. The diagnosis of GERD may be unclear, despite a careful history and initial evaluation. A high index of suspicion is required to make the diagnosis. An empiric trial of antireflux therapy is appropriate when GERD is suspected. Multiprobe ambulatory pH monitoring is currently the diagnostic test of choice, but the level of sensitivity and specificity for supraesophageal manifestations of GERD is uncertain. Response to antireflux therapy is less predictable than typical GERD. More intensive acid suppression and longer treatment duration are usually required.     

The diagnostic value of GerdQ in subjects with atypical symptoms of gastro-esophageal reflux disease

Background: Symptoms are essential in the clinical diagnosis of gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD). Questionnaires such as GerdQ have been developed as diagnostic aids. GerdQ has been thoroughly validated in well-characterized GERD patients, but has not yet been fully evaluated in a population that includes subjects with atypical symptoms.

Aim: To evaluate GerdQ in a population with typical and/or atypical symptoms of GERD, defined by 24-h pH monitoring. The secondary aim was to investigate the outcome of GerdQ depending on the response to proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment.

Methods: The study included 646 subjects referred for 24-h pH monitoring due to a clinical suspicion of GERD. All subjects completed GerdQ before performing a 24-h pH monitoring.

Results: In total, 377 (58%) subjects were diagnosed with GERD based on symptoms and 24-h pH monitoring (GERD_pH). Of these, 46% had atypical main symptoms. Overall, GerdQ (at cut-off 8) predicted GERD_pH with a sensitivity and specificity of 62% and 74%, respectively. A high specificity but poor sensitivity for diagnosis of GERD_pH was found for atypical main symptoms such as cough, dysphagia and globus. GerdQ had a relatively high sensitivity and specificity in predicting PPI response and a PPV of 99% at cut-off 8.

Conclusions: GerdQ has a diagnostic value in an unselected population presenting with typical and/or atypical symptoms of GERD, but a low sensitivity for diagnosis of GERD_pH was found in subjects with predominant symptoms such as cough, dysphagia and globus.     

The proton pump inhibitor test and the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease

There continues to be significant controversy related to diagnostic testing for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Symptoms of GERD may be associated with physiologic esophageal acid exposure measured by intraesophageal pH monitoring or pH-impedance monitoring, and a significant percentage of patients with abnormal esophageal acid (or weak acid) exposure have no or minimal clinical symptoms of reflux. On the other hand, endoscopic lesions are only present in a minority of GERD patients. In clinical practice, presumptive diagnosis of GERD is reasonably assumed by the substantial reduction or elimination of suspected reflux symptoms during the therapeutic trial of acid reduction therapy, the so-called proton pump inhibitor (PPI) test. We aimed to assess the optimal cutoff value and duration of this test in GERD patients with and without esophagitis. We conducted a prospective study of 544 patients, endoscopically investigated and treated for 2 weeks with PPIs at double dose, and for an additional 3 months at standard dose. The status of the patient at the end of the study was used as an independent diagnostic standard. We found esophagitis present in 55.8% and absent in 44.2% of patients (corresponding to a diagnosis of nonerosive reflux disease [NERD]). The test was positive in 89.7–97.8% of the patients according to the cutoff or duration of the test used. The sensitivity of the PPI test was excellent, ranging from 95.5 to 98.8%, whereas the specificity was poor, not exceeding 36.3%. Erosive esophagitis patients responded more favorably to the PPI test and subsequent PPI therapy compared with NERD patients. In conclusion, the PPI test is a sensitive but less specific test. Its optimal duration is 1 week, and the optimal cutoff value is a decrease of heartburn score of more than 75%. NERD patients respond less satisfactorily to PPIs, even when functional heartburn patients are excluded and only ‘true’ NERD patients are considered.     

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

GERD is a common chronic gastrointestinal disorder, and its prevalence in Asia is increasing. Classical symptoms of heartburn and regurgitation are common presentations. There is no standard criterion for the diagnosis of GERD, and 24-h pH monitoring lacks sensitivity in NERD. Furthermore, diagnostic studies for gastroesophageal reflux disease have several limitations. A short course of PPI is often used in clinical practice as a diagnostic test for gastroesophageal reflux disease. Elderly patients with GERD usually present with atypical manifestations, and they tend to develop more severe disease. PPI remains the mainstay of treatment for GERD. In a subset of patients who wish to discontinue maintenance treatment, anti-reflux surgery is a therapeutic option.     

Empirical trials in treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease

The assortment of diagnostic tests that are currently available for detecting gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are invasive, costly and not readily available to community-based physicians. In contrast, a short course of high-dose proton pump inhibitor (PPI) as an empirical trial is an attractive alternative. This simple diagnostic test has been demonstrated to be accurate and cost-effective in patients with symptoms suggestive of GERD and those with noncardiac chest pain. Early studies in patients with extraesophageal manifestations of GERD have yielded promising results. Cost assessment of the PPI empirical trial revealed significant cost savings, mainly due to a marked decrease in utilization of invasive diagnostic tests. Thus the PPI empirical trial should be considered as the initial diagnostic step in patients with the disease spectrum of GERD.     

Value of the Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire (GerdQ) in predicting the proton pump inhibitor response in coronary artery disease patients with gastroesophageal reflux‐related chest pain

Chest pain experienced by patients with coronary artery disease can be partly due to gastroesophageal reflux‐induced chest pain (GERP). Empirical proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy has been recommended as an initial clinical approach for treating GERP. However, PPI use may lead to some health problems. The Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire (GerdQ) may represent a noninvasive and cost‐effective approach for avoiding PPI misuse and for identifying the appropriate patients for the PPI trial test. The aim of this pilot study was to prospectively evaluate the association between GerdQ scores and PPI response in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and GERP to determine whether the GerdQ predicts the PPI response in patients with CAD and GERP and to further validate the clinical application value of the GerdQ. A total of 154 consecutive patients with potential GERP were recruited to complete a GerdQ with subsequent PPI therapy. Based on the PPI trial result, patients were divided into a PPI‐positive response group and a PPI‐negative response group. The difference in the GerdQ scores between the two groups was assessed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of GerdQ score was drawn according to the PPI response as the gold standard. The ability of GerdQ to predict the PPI response was assessed. A total of 96 patients completed the entire study; 62 patients (64.6%) were assigned to the PPI‐positive response group, and 34 patients (35.4%) to the PPI‐negative response group. The GerdQ score of the PPI‐positive response group (8.11 ± 3.315) was significantly higher than that of the PPI‐negative response group (4.41 ± 2.743), and the difference was statistically significant (t = 5.863, P = 0.000). The ROC curve was drawn according to a PPI response assessment result with a score above 2 as the gold standard. The area under curve was 0.806. When the critical value of GerdQ score was 7.5, Youden index was up to 0.514, the diagnostic sensitivity was 0.661, and the diagnostic specificity was 0.853. A GerdQ score greater than 7.5 better predicts the response to the PPI trial therapy. There is a strong association between the GerdQ score and the response to PPI therapy. Higher GerdQ scores were predictive of a positive PPI response in CAD patients with GERP. The GerdQ may be a reasonable screening tool for GERP in patients with CAD who are prepared to accept PPI therapy.