扩大壁细胞迷走神经切断术治疗十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔176例

目的探讨扩大壁细胞迷走神经切断术（EPCV）治疗十二指肠溃疡并发急性穿孔的远期临床疗效。方法对1979年以来采用EPCV治疗的176例十二指肠溃疡并发急性穿孔患者的临床资料进行总结,分析评价疗效,评价内容包括术后并发症发生率、溃疡复发率、胃排空功能、胃镜和上消化道钡餐检查结果和营养状态及Visick分级。结果全组患者有153例（86.9%）获得5年随访。无手术死亡者。进食后上腹发生间断性胀痛13例（8.5%）,有时返酸12例（7.8%）,经服用吗叮啉可缓解。出现粘连性肠梗阻行粘连松解术4例（2.6%）,溃疡复发4例（2.6%）,均发生在术后2-3年内。浅表性胃炎21例（13.7%）,十二指肠球部变形31例（20.3%）,胃窦蠕动功能较好,胃排空功能正常。全组无贫血发生,体重增加者116例（75.8%）。Visick改良分级,146例为Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级,优良率占95.4%,Ⅲ级3例（2.0%）,Ⅳ级4例（2.6%）。结论EPCV术具有手术操作简便、术后并发症较少、溃疡复发率低、患者术后远期营养状况良好、生活质量较高的优良疗效,是治疗十二指肠溃疡并发急性穿孔首选的安全有效术式之一。     

扩大壁细胞迷走神经切断术治疗十二指肠溃疡及其并发症

目的：评价扩大壁细胞迷走神经切断术（EPCV）治疗十二指肠溃疡及其并发症的远期临床疗效。方法：采用EPCV共治疗十二指肠溃疡及其并发症321例。其中慢性溃疡56例,并发急性穿孔204例,出血21例,狭窄40例。评价内容包括：术后并发症发生率、胃酸分泌功能、胃排空功能、胃镜和上消化道钡餐检查、营养状态、Visick分级。结果：全组321例患者中289例获得随访,随访率为90%,随访期为0.5-22.0年,平均为11.3年。全组无手术死亡,无纵隔炎和倾倒综合征发生。发生粘连性肠梗阻4例（1.4%）,进食后上腹胀19例（6.5%）,返酸17例（5.8%）,总的溃疡复发16例（5.5%）,其中慢性十二指肠溃疡为19.5%,出血为0,狭窄为5.3%,穿孔为3.1%。16例复发溃疡经内科药物治疗后溃疡愈合10例,其余6例经胃部分切除或胃窦切除痊愈。EPCV总的优良率（VisickⅠ和Ⅱ级）为91.7%,其中穿孔为95.3%,效果最佳。结论：EPCV具有手术操作简便、术后并发症较少、溃疡复发率低、术后远期患者营养状况良好、生活质量较高的特点,疗效优良。EPCV术是治疗十二指肠溃疡及其并发急性穿孔、出血和狭窄首选的安全有效术式。     

扩大壁细胞迷走神经切断术治疗十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔体会

目的探讨扩大壁细胞迷走神经切断术（EPCV）治疗十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔的效果。方法回顾性分析2002年1月至2006年10月29例十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔患者行扩大壁细胞迷走神经切断术治疗的临床资料。结果本组病例均临床治愈出院,其中21例获随访。Visick分级,Ⅰ级24例（82.9%）;Ⅱ级3例（10.3%）;Ⅲ级1例（3.4%）;Ⅳ级1例（3.4%）;Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级共占27例（93.2%）。十二指肠溃疡复发1例（3.4%）。结论规范化EPCV手术治疗十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔的术后复发率低,临床效果满意。因此,EPCV术是目前治疗十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔首选的术式。     

良性胃十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔不同手术方法的疗效比较

目的探讨良性胃十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔不同手术方式治疗的临床价值。方法对我院1993年1月～2007年6月收治的128例胃十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔分为单纯穿孔修补术加抑酸、根除幽门螺杆菌（第一组）、穿孔修补加扩大壁细胞迷走神经切断术（第二组）、胃大部切除（第三组）进行疗效比较。结果所有病例治愈出院，随访6～120个月。三组的疗效按改良Visick分级评分标准Ⅰ、Ⅱ级分别为84．4％、88．1％、74％，溃疡复发率分别为6．7％、4．8％、7．4％，术后再次穿孔率均为零。χ^2均〈χ^2 0.05（1）），P〉0．05，三组差异无显著性。结论消化性溃疡穿孔修补加抑酸、根除幽门螺杆菌治疗，操作简单、创伤小、并发症少、远期疗效好，可以作为胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔治疗的首选方式。     

单纯缝合修补十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔84例的治疗体会

84例十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔单纯缝合修补病例中，急性溃疡穿孔46例，慢性溃疡穿孔38例。术后进行抗幽门螺杆菌及抑酸治疗三月。本组死亡1例，术后三月溃疡愈合率为96．4％，五年复发率30．1％，病残率3．6％，急性和慢性溃疡有一定的差别（P＜0．05）。溃疡大小对术后溃疡复发率和再手术率影响不大（P＞0．05）。因此，十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔单纯缝合修补术后结合正规有效的内科治疗，预后良好。单线缝合修补仍可作为处理十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔的主要手段。     

良性急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔两种手术方式的疗效比较

目的探讨良性急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔两种不同手术方式治疗的临床效果。方法对本院132例良性急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔病例,A组90例为单纯穿孔修补术加抑酸、根除幽门螺杆菌;B组42例胃大部切除进行疗效比较。结果所有病例治愈出院,随访3-120个月．两组的疗效按改良Visick分级评分标准I、II级分别为84．4％、76．1％,溃疡复发率分别为5．5％、7．1％,术后再次穿}L率均为零,两组比较差异均无统计学意义（P〈0．05）。B组切口感染发生率高于A组,差异有统计学意义（P〉O．05）。结论消化性溃疡穿孔修补加抑酸、根除幽门螺杆菌治疗,操作简单、创伤小、并发症少、远期疗效好,可作为良性急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔治疗的首选方式。     

扩大壁细胞迷走神经切断术治疗十二指肠溃疡并发症150例的远期效果

目的 探讨扩大壁细胞逃走神经切断术(EPCV)的远期临床效果。方法 自1979年始应用EPCV治疗十二指肠溃疡病并发穿孔、出血和狭窄150例,其中穿孔103例,出血12例,狭窄35例。结果 全组131例获得随访,总的溃疡复发率为2．3％,复发狭窄率为29％,再出血率为0。VisickⅠ级为832％,Ⅱ级为10．6％,Ⅲ级为3．1％。Ⅳ级为3．1％;Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级共占93.8％。结论 作认为EPCV术后远期患无论是消化吸收功能和营养状态,还是恢复劳动能力和生活质量都较高,进一步证实该手术设计的合理性和可行性。     

十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔不同手术方式疗效的比较研究

目的探讨十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔的不同外科手术方式的疗效。方法对120例十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔病人分别行开腹单纯穿孔修补术加用高选择性迷走神经切断术（Parietal Cell Vagotomy,以下简称PCV）、腹腔镜下穿孔修补加用PCV、开腹胃大部切除术。对其手术时间、住院时间、术后并发症、溃疡复发率进行比较观察。结果腹腔镜下十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔修补术＋PCV明显节省了手术时间、住院时间和减少了手术并发症,但与开腹胃大部切除术相比,溃疡复发率较高。结论腹腔镜下十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔修补加用PCV是较合理的选择,术后辅以制酸及抗Helicobacter pylori感染药物是必要的。开腹胃大部切除术已不再是治疗十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔的合理选择。     

青少年十二指肠溃疡穿孔的处理

目的：探讨青少年十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔的治疗方法。方法：回顾性分析45例青少年十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔的治疗，其中行单纯修补术24例，胃大部切除术13例，迷走神经切除加胃部分切除3例，修补加高选择性迷走神经切除5例。单纯修补组术后国洛赛克治疗3个月。结果：随讠年，全组无死亡。单纯修补组并发症发生率（8％）与手术切除组（38％）相比差异有显著意义（P＜0．05）；修补组治愈率明显高于手术切除组（P＜0．05）；2组溃疡复发率相比差异无意义（P＞0．05）；修补组体重增加较手术切除组差异有显著意义（P＜0．05）。结论：应用单纯修补加洛赛克治疗青少年十二指肠溃疡穿孔是一种既符合青少年生理特征又有效和可靠的方法。     

单纯修补术治疗十二指肠溃疡穿孔84例疗效分析

目的 观察单纯修补术治疗十二指肠溃疡穿孔的长期疗效。方法 采用小切口和传统开腹单纯修补术治疗十二指肠溃疡穿孔病人84例。术后口服奥美拉唑、呋喃唑酮及阿莫西林1～2周，继续服用奥美拉唑等药物1～2个月，随访3个月～2年。结果 术后3个月内溃疡愈合率为94％(79／84)，术后1年、2年复发率分别为3．9％(2／52)及5．2％(1／19)。全组无因溃疡复发而再手术病例。传统开腹组与小切口组住院天数差异有非常显著性。结论 溃疡穿孔单纯修补术简单可靠，配合术后药物治疗，疗效满意，单纯修补术作为治疗十二指肠溃疡穿孔的术式有着重要的临床价值。     

基层医院胃十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔64例诊治体会

目的探讨基层医院胃十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔的诊断和治疗方法。方法对我院外科1996年1月到2006年12月收治的64例胃十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果6例保守治疗（其中的2例因治疗无效中转手术治疗）,60例行手术治疗。其中28例行单纯穿孔修补术,32例行胃大部分切除术。死亡1例。治愈率98.4%。结论胃大部切除术是基层医院常用治疗胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔的手术。然而,溃疡穿孔修补＋扩大壁细胞的迷走神经切除术术后疗效好,并发症少,手术操作易于掌握,值得在基层医院开展使用。     

Laparoscopic treatment of perforated peptic ulcer

STUDY OBJECTIVE: Contribution to evaluation of the place of laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of perforated peptic ulcer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between January 1992 and November 1997. 17 consecutive patients underwent laparoscopic suture of a perforated peptic ulcer, with or without omentoplasty. RESULTS: Treatment was performed entirely by laparoscopy in 13 cases (76%). The median operating time was 105 min (50-220 min). The median number of doses of analgesia administered to each patient was 8 (3-20 doses). The medium hospital stay was 6 days (2-23 days). Two patients (12%) died. In 11 cases, gastroscopy was performed between 1 and 4 months after the operation, revealing healing of the ulcer in 10 cases and persistence of the ulcer in one case. None of the patients were readmitted to hospital for ulcer complications, with a median follow-up of 35 months (1-63 months). CONCLUSION: The laparoscopic treatment of perforated duodenal is a technically simple and effective procedure, intermediate between conventional surgical treatment and Taylor's method. Laparoscopic surgery may therefore have a real place in the treatment of perforated peptic ulcer.     

Surgical treatment of patients with perforated peptic ulcers

Results of surgical treatment of 782 patients with perforated gastric and duodenal ulcers are analyzed. Gastric ulcers of I type were diagnosed at 86 (10.9%) patients, prepyloric and pyloric ulcers - at 441 (56.4%), duodenal ulcers - at 255 (32.6%) patients. Perforation was combined with bleeding and stenosis at 24 (3.1%). Palliative operations have been performed at 172 (22.0%) patients, stem vagotomy with ulcer excision and pyloroplasty - at 58 (7.4%), various types of stomach resection - at 54 (6.9%), proximal gastric vagotomy with excision of gastric, pyloric or duodenal ulcer - at 77 (9.8%), proximal gastric vagotomy with excision or suturing of ulcer and pyloro- or duodenoplasty - at 421 (53.8%) patients. The rate of postoperative complications after proximal gastric vagotomy was 3.6%, after stomach resection - 18.2% (p<0.01). Early postoperative complications after vagotomy with ulcer excision and pyloroplasty were diagnosed at 8.3%, after stomach resection - at 18.2% patients (p<0.01). The quality of patients life was higher after organ-saving operations. Proximal gastric vagotomy with excision of ulcer and pyloro- or duodenoplasty should be regarded as operation of choice at perforated duodenal ulcers.     

Perforated duodenal ulcer: laparoscopic treatment of perforation and ulcerous disease

STUDY AIM: The aim of this retrospective study was to report a continuous series of 44 perforated duodenal peptic ulcers operated on through laparoscopic approach with curative treatment of the peptic ulcer disease for socioeconomic purpose. PATIENTS AND METHOD: From February 1995 to May 1996, 44 patients were operated on laparoscopically. There were 42 men and two women (mean age: 36 years). All patients had peritonitis with pneumoperitoneum in 68%. Duodenal peptic ulcer was known in 12 patients and antecedent of episodic epigastric pain were present in 27. Four trocads were used. The diagnosis was confirmed by abdominal exploration and peritoneal lavage was performed with physiological serum. RESULTS: The procedures were: suture of perforated ulcer associated with posterior vagotomy and anterior seromyotomy (n = 6), with troncular vagotomy and pyloroplasty (n = 24) and single suture (n = 1). A conversion into laparotomy was necessary in 13 patients (29.5%). There was no mediastinitis, no postoperative death. Peritonitis by leakage occurred in two patients who were reoperated by laparotomy; mean duration of hospital stay was 5.5 days. With a one-year follow-up, all patients were in good condition, free of pain. CONCLUSION: With laparoscopic surgery, diagnosis of peptic ulcer perforation was confirmed, peritoneal lavage was perfectly done, duodenal perforation was sutured and surgical treatment of the peptic ulcer disease was performed, which is important in poor countries.     

Extended parietal cell vagotomy in the treatment of perforation, hemorrhage, and stenosis due to duodenal ulcer

Ninety-five patients with perforation, haemorrhage, and stenosis due to duodenal ulcer were treated by extended parietal cell vagotomy (EP-CV). Eighty-eight (92%) (acute perforation 60 patients, haemorrhage 8 and stenosis 20) of them were followed up for 3.5 to 10 years (average 6 years). There was no operative death except for 2 documented recurrent ulcers (2.3%) and 1 recurrent stenosis. Of the 88 patients, 67 (76.3%) belonged to class I, 13 (14.7%) class II, 4 (4.5%) class III, and 4 (4.5%) class IV according to visick system. We believe that EPCV is effective in the treatment of perforation, haemorrhage, and stenosis of duodenal ulcer.     

消化性溃疡穿孔单纯修补术后疗效观察

目的　观察胃、十二指肠溃疡穿孔行单纯缝合修补术后继以内科治疗的效果。方法　对168例胃、十二指肠溃疡穿孔患者行单纯修补术后 ,再行抗幽门螺杆菌等内科治疗 ,并跟踪随访观察。结果　本组 1年总复发率和胃、十二指肠溃疡复发率分别是 :术后正规内科治疗组为 5 .8% ,8.3 % ,3 .6% ;术后非正规内科治疗组 62 .9% ,66.7% ,5 8.8% ;术后未治疗组为 88.9% ,10 0 % ,80 .0 %。后 2组与正规治疗组间差异显著 (P <0 .0 5 )。术后采用正规内科治疗组 ,未出现出血、穿孔、幽门梗阻等并发症 ,无再手术者。出现并发症及再手术者 ,在非正规内科治疗组分别为 4.5 %和2 .4% ;在未接受内科治疗组为 42 .9%和 3 0 .0 %。吸烟者胃和十二指肠溃疡复发率分别为 80 .6%和 68.8% ,与不吸烟者差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　溃疡穿孔单纯缝合修补操作简单、安全、并发症少 ,术后结合正规的内科治疗 ,效果满意。吸烟是影响溃疡愈合及复发的重要因素之一。     

十二指肠溃疡穿孔单纯缝合修补术的临床疗效观察

目的观察十二指肠溃疡穿孔行单纯缝合修补术的疗效。方法对１９９２年以来收治的十二指肠溃疡穿孔１１８例病人行手术治疗。其中行单纯缝合修补术８４例;胃大部分切除术１９例,高选择性迷走神经切除加修补术１５例。对１１８例病人的手术及术后情况做回顾性分析。结果单纯缝合修补无手术死亡,平均手术时间４２ｍｉｎ,平均住院时间９天,均显著短于后二者（Ｐ＜００１）。术后３个月溃疡愈合率为７９／８３（９５％）,术后１、３、５年溃疡复发率分别为１１％（９／８３）、２２％（１２／５４）和２５％（４／１６）,与高选择性迷走神经切除加修补相比,无显著差异（Ｐ＞００５）,远期并发症发生率为８％（７／８３）,亦低于后二者（Ｐ＜００５）。病史长短和术前治疗对术后溃疡愈合与复发有一定影响,而与溃疡穿孔的大小无关。结论十二指肠溃疡穿孔单纯缝合修补操作简单、安全、并发症少,术后结合正规内科治疗,效果满意