子宫内膜异位症患者IL-10基因多态性与血清、腹腔液蛋白水平的相关性研究

目的进一步确定基因多态性是否为子宫内膜异位症(EMs)患者白细胞介素-10(IL-10)蛋白水平改变的原因之一。方法应用扩增阻滞突变系统-聚合酶链反应(ARMS-PCR)结合DNA测序,以及聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度(PCR-RFLP)多态性分析方法,检测EMs组和对照组IL-10-1082G/A、-819T/C和-592A/C的基因多态性。ELISA法测定血清和腹腔液中IL-10水平。结果 EMs组和对照组均发现3种单倍型GCC、ACC、ATA,6种单倍型组合,其中以ATA/ATA、ACC/ATA和ACC/ACC占多数。对照组仅-1082位点的多态性与血清、腹腔液IL-10水平相关(P0.01)。EMs组-1082(GG或AG型)、-819(CC或TC型)和-592(CC或AC型)均与腹腔液IL-10水平升高相关(P0.05),其中Ⅰ～Ⅱ期EMs患者仅-1082位点与腹腔液IL-10水平相关(P0.01),Ⅲ～Ⅳ期EMs患者-1082、-819和-592位点的基因型均与腹腔液IL-10水平相关(P0.05)。EMs组-1082、-819、-592基因型与血清IL-10水平无相关性(P0.05)。结论Ⅰ～Ⅱ期EMs影响IL-10表达的遗传学机制主要位于-1082位点,但在Ⅲ～Ⅳ期EMs患者中,腹腔局部因素如某些活性因子等除可作用于-1082位点外,可能还可通过作用于-819和-592位点共同调控IL-10水平,但EMs患者血清IL-10水平与其基因多态无相关性,可能与血清IL-10表达受多种机制调控有关。     

子宫内膜异位症不孕患者腹腔液白细胞介素-8水平变化与血基础卵泡刺激素的关系

目的探讨子宫内膜异位症(EMs)不孕患者腹腔液中白细胞介素-8(IL-8)水平变化与血基础卵泡刺激素(b FSH)的关系。方法选取48例接受腹腔镜手术患者为研究对象,所有患者于术前月经第2天抽取空腹静脉血,获取b FSH水平,并记录一般临床资料,包括年龄、不孕时间、手术时月经周期时间。所有患者均于月经干净后3~7 d行腹腔镜手术,术中无菌抽取5 ml腹腔液,测量腹腔液中IL-8水平。比较两组b FSH和IL-8的差别,并将EMs患者腹腔液中IL-8水平与其b FSH水平进行相关性分析。结果 EMs患者腹腔液中IL-8水平明显高于对照组(P0.05),并且Ⅲ~Ⅳ期IL-8水平明显高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ期(P0.05);EMs组基础血FSH水平明显高于对照组(P0.05),但各期之间水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);EMs组的腹腔液中IL-8水平与b FSH水平无相关性(P0.05)。结论 EMs患者腹腔液中IL-8水平与疾病的严重程度呈正相关性。EMs患者基础血FSH水平升高,从一个方面反映其卵巢储备功能下降。EMs患者腹腔液中IL-8水平与b FSH水平无显著相关性,IL-8在EMs患者卵巢储备下降上并不起主导作用。     

CYP19，COMT等位基因突变与子宫内膜异位症和子宫腺肌病的相关性研究

目的探讨山东省滨州地区汉族妇女CYP19基因240A/G,COMT基因1947G/A位点单核苷酸多态性(SNP)与子宫内膜异位症(EMs)和子宫腺肌病(AM)发病的关系。 方法收集2011年9月至2012年3月于本院妇产科行盆、腹腔手术,并经术后组织病理学检查证实为EMs和AM者80例为研究对象,并将其分别纳入EMs组(n＝30)和AM组(n＝50),选取同期于本院行盆、腹腔手术并经肉眼及术后组织病理学检查排除EMs和AM者38例纳入对照组。采集其晨空腹外周静脉血(3～4)mL,采用聚合酶链反应－限制性片段长度多态性(PCR－RFLP)技术检测2者基因多态性与EMs和AM发病的关系(本研究遵循的程序符合本院人体试验委员会制定的伦理学标准,得到该委员会批准,分组征得受试对象的知情同意)。 结果CYP19 240A/G位点各基因型及等位基因分布频率在EMs组,AM组和对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中等位基因G突变可使EMs发病风险增加2.463倍,AM发病风险增加2.705倍,携带AG和GG基因型妇女的EMs发病风险增加4.444倍,AM发病风险增加3.939倍。COMT 1947G/A位点各基因型及等位基因分布频率在EMs组,AM组和对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),携带A等位基因突变的基因型GA＋AA分别与野生型GG比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),携带A等位基因的基因型(GA＋AA)不能增加EMs和AM发病风险。 结论滨州地区汉族妇女CYP19基因240A/G等位基因突变,可增加EMs和AM发病风险,而COMT基因1947G/A等位基因突变与EMs和AM发病风险无相关性。     

2型糖尿病合并牙周感染患者 IL-1β和UCP3基因多态性

目的分析2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并牙周感染患者白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、解偶联蛋白3(UCP3)基因多态性。方法选取三所医院T2DM伴牙周炎患者80例(研究组)、单纯T2DM患者75例(糖尿病组)、单纯牙周炎患者60例(牙周炎组),测定血清及龈沟液中IL-1β、UCP3水平,检测IL-1β-511、IL-1β+3953及UCP3-G304A、UCP3-55C/T基因位点单核苷酸多态性,分析IL-1β及UCP3基因多态性与T2DM合并牙周感染的相关性。结果研究组血清及龈沟液中IL-1β、UCP3表达水平高于糖尿病组、牙周炎组,牙周炎组血清及龈沟液中IL-1β、UCP3表达水平也较糖尿病组高(P0.05);研究组IL-1β-511位点基因型AA及等位基因A频率高于糖尿病组、牙周炎组,研究组IL-1β+3953位点基因型ⅡⅡ及等位基因Ⅱ频率高于糖尿病组、牙周炎组(P0.05),三组UCP3-G304A位点基因多态性比较,无统计学差异,研究组UCP3-55C/T位点基因型CC及等位基因C频率均较糖尿病组、牙周炎组低(P0.05);IL-1β-511位点等位基因A、IL-1β+3953位点等位基因Ⅱ为T2DM患者发生牙周感染的危险因素,UCP3-55C/T位点等位基因C为保护因素(P0.05)。结论 IL-1β及UCP3基因多态性与T2DM并发牙周感染有密切联系,其中IL-1β+3953位点等位基因A、IL-1β+3953位点等位基因Ⅱ是危险因素,而UCP3-55C/T位点等位基因C为保护因素。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病易感性与中国汉族人白细胞介素-13基因多态性的关联研究

目的 探讨中国人白细胞介素(IL)-13基因单核苷酸多态性(SNP)与慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)易感性的关系。方法 应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)分析及PCR-单链构像多态性分析(SSCP)方法,检测94名健康吸烟者和88例吸烟COPD患者IL-13基因启动子1103C/T、4257G/A、4738G/A SNP位点基因型分布情况;用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血浆IL-13水平。结果 COPD组与对照组4257G/A、4738G/A位点基因型分布频率和等位基因频率差异无显著性(P>0.1);对照组1103C/T位点CC基因型频率及C等位基因频率高于COPD组(P<0.05),C等位基因相对于T等位基因患COPD的机会比为0.56(95％CI:0.34～0.91)。血浆IL-13浓度与4257G/A及4738G/A位点基因型无关(P>0.1),1103CC基因型携带者血浆IL-13水平显著低于另外两种基因型携带者(P<0.05)。结论 中国人IL-13基因1103C/T位点基因型与COPD易感性有关,1103CC基因型携带者血浆IL-13水平相对较低,COPD易感性低。     

Hp感染和IL-10及CHL1基因多态性与胃癌的关联

目的 探究幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染和白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、L1近同系物(CHL1)基因与胃癌的关联。方法 选取厦门大学附属第一医院2018年6月-2021年6月110例原发性胃癌患者为胃癌组，以同期110名健康体检者为对照组，采用¹³C呼气试验或快速尿素酶试验法检测受试者Hp感染状况，聚合酶链反应-限制性内切酶片段长度多态性法检测IL-10、CHL1基因分型。分析IL-10、CHL1基因多态性与Hp感染关系及在胃癌发生中的交互作用。结果 胃癌组Hp感染率76.36%高于对照组(P<0.05);胃癌组IL-10基因(-1082A/G)位点GG基因型频率(10.91%)及G等位基因频率(26.36%)高于对照组(P<0.05),CHL1基因(rs2272522位点)TT基因型频率(20.00%)及T等位基因频率(44.55%)高于对照组(P<0.05);条件Logistic回归分析显示，Hp感染阳性者胃癌风险增加2.168倍(95%CI:1.250～3.761),携带IL-10基因AG+GG基因型者风险增加2.401倍(95%CI:1.253...     

载脂蛋白E基因在胎儿生长受限母婴的分布

目的 探讨栽脂蛋白E基因在中国汉族人群胎儿生长受限母亲及新生儿中的多态性分布以及对母、耍血脂的影响.方法 采用等位基因特异性多重聚合酶链反应技术检测57例胎儿生长受限新生儿(A1组)和57例同期出生正常体重新生儿(A2组)脐血及其母亲(B1、B2组)外周静脉血载脂蛋白E基因多态性频率,同时检测血脂水平.结果 ①共检测到E2/3、E3/3、E3/4、E2/4共4种基因型,未发现E2/2和E4/4基因型.A1组新生儿栽脂蛋白E3/4基因型频率(17.5%)和E4等位基因频率(13.2%)显著高于其它3组(E3/4基因型X2分别为14.32、14.32、15.27,均P<0.05;E4等位基因:X2分别为12.23、15.44、20.16,均P<0.05);②A1组与A2组间,B1组与B2组间血脂水平比较差异无显著性.Bl、B2组血脂水平高于A1、A2组,差异有显著性(t=8.72～22.34,均P<0.05);③各组内E3/4基因型个体总胆固醇水平(t=7.33～11.26,均P<0.05)、低密度脂蛋白水平均显著高于E2/3基因型个体(t=5.17-11.16,均P<0.05);④相关分析发现A1与B1组,A2与B2组间血脂水平无相关性.结论 胎儿生长受限新生儿E4等住基因频率增高.脐血血脂水平与妊娠母亲血脂水平无关,与载脂蛋白E基因多态性相关.新生儿中存在E4等位基因者发生高脂血症的风险增加.     

白细胞介素10基因多态性与子宫内膜异位症易感性的关系研究

目的 分析子宫内膜异位症(endometriosis,EMs)患者白细胞介素10(interleukin-10,IL-10)的启动子区域转录起始位点上游第1082位点G→A、819位点C→T及592位点C→A多态性,探讨其与EMs易感性之间的关系.方法 应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)检测EMs组214例和正常对照组160名健康人的启动子区域转录起始位点上游的第1082位点G→A、819位点C→T及592位点C→A碱基转换,采用SPSS11.0软件包统计分析各位点的基因型分布和等位基因频率.结果 IL-10-1082位点的多态性在EMs组(AA:87.90%;GA:12.10%)与对照组(AA:87.50%;GA:12.50%)的基因频率差异无统计学意义(x2=0.01,P=0.919).EMs组和对照组的IL-10-819 TT、CT、CC型基因频率均依次等同于IL-10-592的AA、CA、CC基因型.IL-10-819和-592基因型在EMs组分布(TT或AA:41.12%;CT或CA:47.66%;CC:11.21%)与对照组(TT或AA:53.75%;CT或CA:37.50%、CC:8.75%)差异无统计学意义(x2=5.87,P=0.053).但患者组IL-10-819的CT及-592的CA基因型频率较对照组增高,差异有统计学意义(校正后OR=1.88,95%CI=1.10～3.21,x2=5.24,P=0.021),-819和-592位点的C等位基因与EMs发病风险具有显著相关性(OR=1.42,95%CI=1.04～1.95,x2=4.81,P=0.028).EMs组IL-10-819(-592)位点的CC(CC)、CT(CA)基因型患者的血清中IL-10水平较TT(AA)基因型高[CA/CT:(50.12±82.40)pg/ml,CC(91.00±118.23)pg/ml,TT/AA(21.45±22.10)pg/ml],差异有统计学意义(F=2.492,P=0.048;F=1.852,P=0.008).结论 IL-10-592C及-819C等位基因与IL-10高表达相关,并与EMs的易感性具相关性,也与EMs的发病风险相关.     

IL-18基因-607C/A多态性与尖锐湿疣易感性及复发的关联

目的 探讨白细胞介素-18(IL-18)基因-607C/A位点多态性与尖锐湿疣(CA)易感性及复发的关系。方法 选择青海省第四人民医院皮肤科2017年5月-2020年5月收治CA患者120例为CA组,统计CA组发病和人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染情况。并选择同期健康体检者80名为对照组。分析两组IL-18基因-607C/A位点多态性,检测CA组外周血IL-18及免疫细胞CD₄⁺、CD₈⁺水平。结果 CA组AA基因型、A等位基因频率(30.83%、49.17%)均高于对照组(P<0.05),CC基因型、C等位基因频率(32.50%、50.83%)均低于对照组(P<0.05);复发CA组AA基因型、A等位基因频率高于初发CA组,CC基因型频率、C等位基因频率低于初发CA组,比较有统计学差异(P<0.05);高危和低危型HPV感染及单一和多重HPV感染CA患者IL-18基因-607C/A位点分布差异无统计学意义;IL-18不同基因型CA患者IL-18、CD₄^+...     

胆固醇酯转运蛋白-TaqIB基因多态性与冠心病的相关研究

目的 探讨胆固醇酯转运蛋白(CETP)-TaqIB基因多态性与冠心病的相关性.方法 采用聚合酶链反应.限制片长多态性分析方法 对238例冠心病患者(冠心病组)和203例非冠心病者(对照组)进行检测.结果 所有受试者中CETP-TaqIB等位基因B1、B2的分布频率分别为59.4%(262/441)和40.6%(179/441).冠心病组B1B1基因型频率高于对照组[39.9%(95/238)比29.6%(60/203),JP<0.05],而B1B2基因型频率低于对照组[44.1%(105/238)比53.7%(109/203),P<0.05].B1B1基因型高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平及载脂蛋白(apo)A I水平显著低于B282基因型[(1.19±0.36)mmol/L比(1.38±0.39)mmol/L,(1.17±0.33)g/L比(1.30±0.31)g,L,P<0.05].在57例行冠状动脉造影的冠心病患者中,B1纯合子冠状动脉狭窄程度显著高于等位基因B2携带者(P<0.05).多因素Logistic回归结果 显示B1B1基因型作为独立危险因素未达到有统计学意义(P=0.147).结论 CETP-TaqIB基因多态性可影响脂蛋白水平,B1B1基因型与低HDL-C、低apo A I水平有密切关系.CETP-TaqIB基因型与冠状动脉狭窄程度相关,但作为冠心病的独立危险因素未能证实.     

Calcium intake in the elderly: validation of a dietary questionnaire

Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.     

The occurrence of antimicrobial substances in toilet,sink and shower drainpipes of clinical units: A neglected source of antibiotic residues

Antibiotics represent one of the most important drug groups used in the management of bacterial infections in humans and animals. Due to the increasing problem of antibiotic resistance, assurance of the antibacterial effectiveness of these substances has moved into the focus of public health. The reduction in antibiotic residues in wastewater and the environment may play a decisive role in the development of increasing rates of antibiotic resistance. The present study examines the wastewater of 31 patient rooms of various German clinics for possible residues of antibiotics, as well as the wastewater of five private households as a reference.To the best of our knowledge, this study shows for the first time that in hospitals with high antibiotic consumption rates, residues of these drugs can be regularly detected in toilets, sink siphons and shower drains at concentrations ranging from 0.02?μg·L^?1 to a maximum of 79?mg·L^?1. After complete flushing of the wastewater siphons, antibiotics are no longer detectable, but after temporal stagnation, the concentration of the active substances in the water phases of respective siphons increases again, suggesting that antibiotics persist through the washing process in biofilms. This study demonstrates that clinical wastewater systems offer further possibilities for the optimization of antibiotic resistance surveillance.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

深圳公立医院管理体制改革制度设计

深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

Effects of nitrogen dioxide on red blood cells of rats: Changes in components of red cell membranes during in vivo exposure to NO2

Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO₂. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO₂ at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂ also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂.     

Investigating clusters in the workplace and beyond

Clusters of disease are common and occur in the workplace and in the general community. They often arouse considerable concern among the population. Investigations have sometimes lead to exciting new knowledge, but in general the investigation of clusters is difficult and often unrewarding, especially for community clusters. In the workplace, investigations are more likely to find associations and even new causes, but still many clusters remain enigmatic. Despite this, there are many reasons for investigating clusters, including allaying community concern and identifying uncontrolled exposures. A structure for investigating clusters in the workplace is suggested.