急性Stanford A型主动脉夹层再手术治疗分析

摘要 目的：探讨急性A型主动脉夹层再手术治疗的效果,总结其外科治疗经验。方法 ：回顾分析2007年1月-2017年5月16例Stanford A型主动脉夹层再手术患者的临床资料。首次手术包括升主动脉替换术1例,Wheat手术 (升主动脉+主动脉瓣替换术)1例,升主动脉+次全弓替换+主动脉瓣成形术1例,升主动脉替换+孙氏手术（全弓替换及降主动脉支架象鼻人工血管置入）2例,升主动脉替换+孙氏手术+主动脉窦部成形术4例,Bentall手术(带瓣人工血管升主动脉替换替换术)3例,Bentall+孙氏手术4例。再次手术方式包括孙氏手术5例,全主动脉置换术1例,全胸腹主动脉替换2例,主动脉瓣周漏修补术1例,主动脉根部吻合口漏修补术2例（其中1例并行主动脉根部假性动脉瘤切除术）,主动脉覆膜支架腔内隔绝术7例。结果：1例患者在围术期死亡,术后并发症共8例。其中再次开胸2例,伤口感染2例,低心排综合症1例,神经系统并发症1例,肺部感染2例,以上并发症均于出院前治愈。结论：急性A型主动脉夹层再手术临床效果满意,因弓部病变再次行孙氏手术亦安全、有效;孙氏术后远端主动脉病变行常温非体外循环下全胸腹主动脉替换术亦是一种安全、有效的外科策略。     

Stanford A型主动脉夹层外科治疗体会

目的探讨升主动脉及全弓替换加支架"象鼻"手术治疗Stanford A型主动脉夹层的临床应用价值。方法对11例Stanford A型主动脉夹层患者在深低温停循环、低流量选择性脑灌注下手术,实施升主动脉及全弓替换+支撑型人工血管"象鼻"手术3例,主动脉根部替换(Bentall术)及全弓替换+支撑型人工血管"象鼻"手术8例。结果全组平均主动脉阻断时间(102.65±22.31)分,体外循环时间(159.09±34.25)分,选择性脑灌注时间(26.10±12.83)分。无手术死亡病例。手术并发症有:多脏器功能衰竭1例;二次开胸止血2例;暂时意识障碍2例。出院前复查全主动脉CT,降主动脉真腔较术前明显扩大,升主动脉及弓部人工血管血流通畅,主动脉管壁结构恢复。结论升主动脉及全弓替换加支架"象鼻"手术是治疗急性与慢性Stanford A型主动脉夹层安全、有效的方法。     

仿“Z”字主动脉窦部成形技术在急性Stanford A型主动脉夹层中的应用

目的：评估仿“Z”字主动脉窦部成形技术在急性Stanford A型主动脉夹层中的临床疗效;方法：回顾性分析自2014年9月至2018年12月在武汉亚洲心脏病医院大血管中心共收治急性Stanford A型主动脉夹层412例,其中入组125例,包含主动脉瓣重度关闭不全患者60例。男性80例,女性45例;年龄 30-77岁,平均年龄（51.9±9.37）岁。该组患者根部处理均应用仿“Z”字主动脉窦部成形技术,远端半主动脉弓置换15例,全主动脉弓置换110例。全主动脉弓置换患者均置入“象鼻”支架。结果：全组体外循环时间（170±41.2）min;主动脉阻断时间（130.1±30.6）min;深低温停循环时间（25.1±5.9）min。术后随访1.5月—4.3年,术后所有患者主动脉瓣返流程度均为0-1级。 术后经食道超声检查即刻主动窦部残余夹层3例,分别随访1.5年、2.5年和3.0年,未形成动脉瘤,主动脉窦部直径分别为4.3cm、4.2cm和4.5cm。余患者随访期间未发现因主动脉瓣返流及窦部情况再次手术。结论;仿“Z”字主动脉窦部成形技术在急性Stanford A型主动脉夹层中的临床疗效较好,手术操作简单、易掌握、安全有效、易开展。尤其在合并主动脉瓣反流的患者中,避免了换瓣手术,缩短了手术时间,提高了患者的生活质量。     

主动脉瘤手术的体外循环管理方法探讨

目的探讨主动脉瘤手术中的体外循环管理方法。方法体外循环下完成主动脉瘤手术75例。Bentall手术采用升主动脉—右房插管,中低温体外循环;升主及半弓置换手术、全主动脉弓置换（象鼻术）＋带膜支架植入手术采用右侧锁骨下动脉—右房插管,深低温停循环＋顺行性脑灌注。心肌保护均采用4∶1含血冷停搏液顺行＋逆行方法灌注以及HTK心脏停搏液重力滴入。结果顺利完成手术。体外循环时间115~389 min。主动脉阻断时间53~243.5 min;深低温停循环46例,停循环时间25~70 min,停循环最低鼻咽温13.2~16.2℃;灌注中尿量100~2 800 ml。超滤1 100~4 000 ml。术后呼吸机辅助时间8~217 h;术后24 h胸腔引流量490~1 850 ml。46例深低温停循环患者中除去1例脑血管发育异常,术后发生认知障碍,其余患者脑保护良好,另有1例术后因多脏器功能衰竭死亡。结论 Bentall手术应采用升主动脉—右房插管,中低温体外循环;升主及半弓置换手术、全主动脉弓置换（象鼻术）＋带膜支架植入手术应采用右侧锁骨下动脉—右房插管、深低温停循环＋顺行性脑灌注。心肌保护应采用4∶1含血冷停搏液顺行＋逆行方法灌注以及HTK心脏停搏液重力滴入。     

心脏术后Stanford A型主动脉夹层的外科治疗

目的 总结心脏手术后A型主动脉夹层的治疗经验。方法 2006年12月至2019年03月,36例心脏术后A型主动脉夹层的患者接受二次手术治疗,男30例,女6例;年龄26-74岁,平均(53.8+11.3)岁。首次心脏手术为非主动脉夹层手术20例,包括主动脉瓣置换9例,二尖瓣置换3例,二尖瓣成形1例,双瓣置换3例,冠脉搭桥2例,主动脉根部替换1例和室间隔缺损修补1例。首次心脏手术为夹层手术的有16例,包括单纯升主动脉替换术后主动脉弓部扩张2例,升主动脉+右半弓替换术后弓部扩张11例,Bentall+孙氏手术后右冠吻合口漏1例,升主动脉+右半弓替换近端吻合漏1例,升主替换+孙氏手术后近端吻合口漏1例。本次手术距首次手术0.3-11年（5.6±3.2y）。结果 所有36例患者均施行了主动脉夹层手术,体外循环90-409min(平均224．5±78.7)min;主动脉阻断60-207min,(平均107．2+39．4)min。34例深低温停循环、低流量选择性脑灌注患者低流量时间16～47min,(平均25.6±8.2)min。死亡2例(5.6％);术后并发症6例(16.7％)。生存患者随访1～148个月（平均40.3+20.3m）,随访期间无夹层破裂、截瘫和死亡。结论 心脏手术后A型主动脉夹层患者或A 型主动脉夹层术后根部残余夹层或远端弓部扩张患者应及时手术治疗,但手术难度及风险均较初次主动脉手术增加,因此进行心脏手术时应特别注意主动脉操作的规范和准确,一旦心脏术后再发A型夹层则应尽量施行全弓支架象鼻手术,可获得较好的近远期临床效果。     

主动脉全弓替换加支架"象鼻"手术体会

目的 总结采用主动脉弓替换加支架＂象鼻＂手术治疗Stanford A型主动脉夹层的临床经验.方法 对3例Stanford A型主动脉夹层病人采用深低温停循环、低流量选择性脑灌注,行升主动脉及全弓替换加支架＂象鼻＂手术,其中1例同期行右冠状动脉旁路移植术.结果 平均体外循环时间149 min,升主动脉阻断时间104 min,停循环时间23.7 min.3例病人术后只有短暂轻度的精神异常,均痊愈出院,复查计算机断层扫描示支架段胸降主动脉假腔消失,降主动脉真腔扩大,无瘤样扩张,生活和工作正常.结论 升主动脉及全弓替换加支架＂象鼻＂手术是治疗Stanford A型主动脉夹层安全、有效的方法.     

升主动脉根部和主动脉弓替换的外科治疗

目的总结并讨论我科15例升主动脉和主动脉弓替换手术的临床体会。方法在中低温体外循环下,应用带瓣人工管道行升主动脉根部替换手术10例。用人工血管和人工瓣自行缝制带瓣管道3例,预制带瓣人工管道6例。1例行主动脉瓣替换加升主动脉补片术,1例行腔内人工血管移植术。冠状动脉移植应用纽扣法6例,直接移植3例,Cabrol法1例。在深低温停循环脑顺行灌注下行人造主动脉弓(用Medox24mm和8mm人工血管自行缝制)替换3例。其中1例DeBakeyⅢ型术后6年的患者复发,DeBakeyI同时行升主动脉根部替换。结果行主动脉根部替换平均主动脉阻断时间130min。行主动脉弓替换主动脉阻断时间为112～240min(平均170min),停循环30～65min(平均46min),脑选择顺行灌注63～92min(平均80min)。无脑及脊髓并发症。声音嘶哑1例。术后早期死亡1例。随访2～8年,病情稳定,术后心脏功能NYHAⅠ级11例,Ⅱ级3例。结论升主动脉根部手术,特别是联合主动脉弓替换,手术复杂,风险大。为确保手术成功,各吻合口要精确吻合,无张力,无扭转,对头臂干的吻合宜采取分支吻合的方法。应用深低温停循环联合选择性脑顺行灌注进行脑保护。     

手术治疗主动脉瘤33例临床分析

目的总结手术治疗主动脉瘤的经验。方法 33例主动脉瘤患者,7例采用深低温停循环（DHCA）选择性脑灌注技术行升主动脉及全弓替换、支架＂象鼻＂手术;行非体外循环全弓替换术、升主动脉包裹术、Bentall手术同期行深低温停循环半弓替换手术、降主动脉支架置入加室间隔缺损修补术以及经升主动脉插管灌注、DHCA全弓替换加支架＂象鼻＂手术各1例;行短支架人工血管置入术以及经腋动脉和股动脉插管灌注、升主动脉与次全弓人工血管替换术各2例。13例行Bentall手术,4例行部分胸降主动脉替换术。结果早期死亡3例,病死率为9.1%,并发症发生率15.2%,30例患者顺利康复出院。结论 根据病变及分型选择合理手术方式是手术治疗主动脉瘤的关键。     

升主动脉根部置换术临床应用效果观察

目的观察升主动脉根部置换术临床应用效果。方法对24例升主动脉根部瘤合并主动脉瓣轻重度关闭不全和8例冠状动脉开口、主动脉瓣受累的Stanford A型胸主动脉夹层患者,采用升主动脉根部替换术治疗。结果本组住院期间死亡2例;30例治愈出院,随访4个月~5 a,1例死亡,失访2例,余27例生活质量良好。结论升主动脉根部置换术治疗升主动脉根部瘤、Stanford A型胸主动脉夹层有效。     

del Nido停搏液在急性Stanford A型主动脉夹层外科手术中心肌保护的临床效果研究

目的 观察del Nido停搏液在急性Stanford A型主动脉夹层外科手术中的心肌保护临床效果,探讨del Nido停搏液在成人大血管手术中应用的安全性和有效性。方法 回顾性分析2018年5月至2019年5月因急性Stanford A型主动脉夹层在本院行心脏外科手术的50例病例,按照术中心肌保护灌注液的不同分为两组：del Nido停搏液组（del Nido组,即DN组,24例）和高钾全血停搏液组（whole blood组,即WB组,26例）。对两组患者术前一般资料、体外循环时间、主动脉阻断时间、停循环时间、停搏液用量、体外循环最低血红蛋白浓度、自动复跳率、术前术后血清肌钙蛋白I（troponin I,cTnI）浓度、机械通气时间、监护室停留时间、术后并发症及预后情况等进行比较。结果 两组患者术前资料无统计学差异。两组术后各1例患者出现死亡,其中1例死于多器官功能衰竭,1例死于神经系统并发症。DN组患者术中停搏液晶体总量显著高于WB组［（1568±230）ml比（43±12）ml,P<0.05］,DN组停搏液灌注次数显著低于WB组［（1.80±0.72）次比（5.23±0.81）次,P<0.05］,DN组总灌注时间显著低于WB组［（6.23±0.39）min比（12.49±1.02）min,P<0.05］,其余各项术中、术后指标两组比较未见统计学差异。结论 del Nido停搏液在急性Stanford A型主动脉夹层外科手术中可以提供较好的心肌保护作用,临床效果良好。     

老年主动脉夹层的外科治疗

目的:探讨老年主动脉夹层的外科治疗策略、疗效及预后。方法:回顾性分析本院外科治疗35例老年主动脉夹层患者的临床资料。患者年龄60～77岁,平均(64.9±4.6)岁;男性28例,女性7例;按Debakey分型,Ⅰ型14例,Ⅱ型1例,Ⅲ型20例。结果:全组死亡3例,死亡率8.6%。行降主动脉腔内修复手术18例,杂交手术(即先行主动脉头臂血管转流术,同期行主动脉夹层腔内覆膜支架置入术)3例,均无死亡。开胸手术14例,包括升主动脉置换术2例(同期行主动脉瓣置换1例),升主动脉+半弓置换5例(同期行主动脉瓣置换2例,冠状动脉旁路移植手术1例),升主动脉置换+支架象鼻术2例,升主动脉+全弓置换+支架象鼻术3例,降主动脉置换术2例,共死亡3例,死亡原因为急性肾功能衰竭、多脏器功能不全、心跳骤停及纵隔感染。结论:老年主动脉夹层病情凶险,外科开胸手术治疗死亡率较高,采取杂交手术及微创腔内修复治疗,效果满意。     

主动脉弓置换加"象鼻"支架手术治疗Stanford A型主动脉夹层

目的 探讨采用升主动脉及全弓置换加“象鼻”支架手术治疗StanfordA型主动脉夹层的临床意义。方法2010年5月至2011年10月,应用升主动脉及全弓置换加“象鼻”支架手术治疗StanfordA型主动脉夹层患者16例,男性12例,女性4例,平均年龄47（30-67）岁;其中急性主动脉夹层12例、慢性夹层4例,均在深低温停循环、低流量选择性脑灌注下手术。结果急诊手术12例,择期手术4例。行主动脉弓置换及“象鼻”支架术2例,升主动脉及全主动脉弓置换1例,升主动脉及全主动脉弓置换加“象鼻”支架手术13例,其中同期行Bentall术2例、主动脉根部成形术8例。心肌阻断时间59-137（104-31）min,选择性脑灌注时间17-57（29-11）min。术后肾功能衰竭2例,1例经血液透析治疗后肾功能恢复,另1例因多器官功能衰竭死亡。15例患者出院,随访1个月至1．5年,1例患者于术后约1个月双下肢肌肉坏死,在外院施行了截肢手术,8例患者不同程度恢复工作,无晚期死亡或再次手术病例。结论升主动脉及全弓置换加“象鼻”支架手术是治疗StanfordA型主动脉夹层安全、有效的方法。     

孙氏手术与联合三分支支架血管术中置入治疗急性Stanford A型主动脉夹层对比

目的 探讨孙氏手术、联合三分支支架血管术中置入两手术方式治疗急性Stanford A型主动脉夹层的疗效.方法 2011年1月至2013年1月我院收治的急性Stanford A型主动脉夹层患者,以孙立忠教授主动脉细化分型中AC型为入选标准,选取患者24例.孙氏手术组患者12例,单纯行升主动脉及全弓替换加支架“象鼻”手术9例,同期主动脉根部替换手术（Bentall术）2例,主动脉瓣成形1例.联合三分支支架血管术中置入组患者12例,单纯三分支支架术中置入3例,同期升主动脉替换8例,主动脉根部替换手术（Bentall术）1例.出院前、术后3个月、术后每年复查主动脉全程重建CT.结果 孙氏手术组：平均手术时间（10.00±1.60）h,平均体外循环时间（253.33±49.33）min,平均心肌阻断时间（141.41±27.58）min,选择性脑灌注时间（39.67±10.28）min.住院死亡4例,死亡原因：多脏器衰竭2例,术后肾功能衰竭1例,术后呼吸功能衰竭1例.联合三分支支架血管术中置入组：平均手术时间（7.77±2.06）h,平均体外循环时间（168.25±32.05）min,平均心肌阻断时间（79.75±29.54）min,选择性脑灌注时间（24.33±6.53）min.住院死亡2例,死亡原因：术后呼吸功能衰竭死亡1例,1例术后一直未醒,术后第5天少尿,家属放弃治疗.孙氏手术组随访（11.09±6.87）个月,无死亡及需再次手术者.联合三分支支架术中置入组随访（18.40±8.03）个月,术后死亡2例,1例术后1年胸痛发作,心脏彩超提示升主动脉明显增宽,主动脉后壁分离为两层,当即死亡;1例术后2年随访主动脉全程重建CT提示无名动脉近端内漏.结论 孙氏手术和联合三分支支架血管术中置入术是治疗大多数急性Stanford A型主动脉夹层安全有效的方法.作为一种崭新的技术手段,联合三分支支架血管术中置入简化了手术步骤,术后内漏是高危因素,对该种手术方式患者选取应有一定针对性,根据患者信息订制更加个体化支架,并且需要长期随访.     

Simultaneous total aortic replacement from arch to bifurcation: experience with six cases

Simultaneous total aortic replacement, including the arch and extending to bifurcation, has been performed in six cases at our institution. The cases presented were (1) acute dissection, including the intimal tear in the arch (one case); (2) chronic Type-I dissection, with both visceral and inferior limb ischemia (three cases); and (3) multiple aneurysms (two cases). The broad outline of the surgical technique employed consists of inducing general hypothermia with extracorporeal circulation. At core temperature of 20 degrees C, circulation is stopped and the aortic arch is replaced. Afterward, cerebral perfusion and total body perfusion are resumed at low flow, keeping body temperature between 20 and 24 degrees C. The intercostal orifices are attached to the side of the aortic graft, and the spinal cord is reperfused. Finally, during a period of hypothermic abdominal ischemia, the abdominal aorta is replaced, and subsequently, rewarming is started. This result is achieved by instituting extracorporeal circulation with two arterial return cannulae (in the ascending aorta and in a femoral artery), making it possible to continue the perfusion of both the upper and lower body during the stages of aortic occlusion. Two patients died from bleeding 3 to 6 hours after operation, and medullary injury was not ascertained; one patient died after 1 month without neurologic disturbances; three patients are alive and in good functional condition 6 to 27 months after operation. We believe that total simultaneous aortic replacement is feasible with the hypothermic technique.     

应用孙氏手术对Standford A型主动脉夹层的治疗体会

目的:评价应用全主动脉弓人工血管替换加改良支架象鼻技术(孙氏手术),治疗Standford A型主动脉夹层的临床效果。方法:自2012年6月至2013年6月,应用孙氏手术治疗急性Standford A型主动脉夹层11例,男性9例,女性2例,平均(42.1±10.4)岁。同期升主动脉行单纯置换8例,Bentall手术1例,Mini-root手术2例。结果:全组平均体外循环(166.0±44.8)min,主动脉阻断(103.7±17.5)min,深低温停循环(55.1±11.3)min,肾衰竭需要接受长期血液透析治疗1例,术后院内无死亡病例;平均随访(5.6±2.0)个月,随访中无死亡病例,患者出院1个月后支架血管段假腔闭合效果好的占81.8%。结论:应用孙氏手术治疗主动脉夹层有良好的临床效果。     

Acute type A aortic dissection in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus

The case of a 27-year-old Japanese woman with type A acute aortic dissection who had been diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is presented. The patient also had aortic regurgitation due to non-infective endocarditis and systemic hypertension, and had been maintained on steroid therapy for 15 years. Her twin sister was also diagnosed with SLE. The patient was admitted to emergency due to severe back pain. A chest x-ray showed enlargement of the upper mediastinum. Echocardiography revealed a thickened and deformed aortic valve with aortic regurgitation and dissection of the ascending aorta, but pericardial effusion was not found. Computed tomography demonstrated aortic dissection extending from the ascending aorta to the abdominal aorta. Graft replacement of the ascending aorta and proximal aortic arch was performed under hypothermic circulatory arrest with retrograde cerebral perfusion. The patient recovered uneventfully. Aortic dissection complicated with SLE is extremely rare, and this is only the 15th case reported in the English or Japanese literature.     

Outcome of aortic arch surgery in patients aged 70 years or older: axillary artery cannulation and selective cerebral perfusion supports

OBJECTIVES: Axillary artery cannulation, selective cerebral perfusion and replacement of the ascending and arch aorta with an elephant trunk were evaluated to reduce cerebral complications in aortic arch surgery in patients with aortic aneurysm or aortic dissection involving the aortic arch. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 45 patients(18 with acute A type aortic dissection and 27 with chronic aortic aneurysm involving the aortic arch) aged 70-92 (mean age 74) years underwent total aortic arch replacement from March 1996 to May 2002. There were three operative deaths in patients with acute A type aortic dissection caused by massive cerebral infarction, bleeding and myocardial infarction, and one hospital death of sepsis. Overall in-hospital mortality was 8.9%(16.7% in A type dissection and 3.7% in chronic aneurysm). Operative complications included mediastinitis in four patients(9%), left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy in eight(18%), and cerebral infarction in four(9%). Three of the patients with cerebral infarction had associated dissection-related cerebral ischemia before surgery. One patient died, and two needed a walking stick. Twelve of 18 patients(67%) with acute A type aortic dissection and 26 of 27 (96%) with chronic aortic aneurysm were discharged on foot. CONCLUSIONS: Axillary artery cannulation, selective cerebral perfusion and replacement of the ascending and arch aorta with an elephant trunk provided satisfactory operative results in elderly patients aged 70 years or older, especially in patients with chronic aortic aneurysm involving the aortic arch.     

Management of intramural hematoma of the ascending aorta and aortic arch: the risks of limited surgery

We present the case of a 57-year-old woman who had an intramural hematoma of the ascending aorta and aortic arch. After initial blood pressure control and imaging studies, the patient underwent limited surgical repair that consisted of ascending aortic replacement. One week postoperatively, the aortic arch hematoma progressed to a full dissection that extended into the proximal descending aorta. Emergent aortic arch replacement was required. Current world medical literature regarding thoracic aortic intramural hematoma is presented. This case supports the treatment of intramural hematomas of the ascending aorta and arch by surgical replacement of both segments with a Dacron graft, with the patient under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest.     

Surgical aspects of acute aortic dissection]

This paper highlights some of the surgical aspects of acute aortic dissections such as: emergency diagnosis, indications for surgery, reconstructive operative techniques, malperfusion phenomena and necessity for follow-up. Aortic dissection is caused by an intimal tear, called the "entry", and subsequent splitting of the media by the stream of blood. Two lumina are thus created, which may communicate through "re-entries". As this creates severe weakness of the aortic wall, rupture and/or dilatation are the imminent dangers of acute aortic dissection. Acute aortic dissection type A, by definition involving the ascending aorta (Figures 1 and 2), is an absolute indication for emergency surgical treatment, because its natural history shows an extremely poor outcome (Figure 3). Due to impending (intrapericardial) aortic rupture, it may be necessary to limit diagnostic procedures to a minimum. Transesophageal echocardiography is the method of choice for establishing a quick, precise and reliable diagnosis (Figure 4). In stable patients, computed tomography gives additional information about aortic diameters or sites of extrapericardial perforation. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) shows perfusion of the lumina and dependent organs. The surgical strategy in acute aortic dissection type A aims at replacement of the ascending aorta. Reconstructive techniques have to be considered, especially in aortic valve regurgitation without annuloectasia (Figures 5 and 6). In recent times, the use of GRF tissue glue has reduced the need for teflon felt. Involvement of the aortic arch should be treated aggressively up to the point of total arch replacement in deep hypothermic circulatory arrest as part of the primary procedure (Figure 7). Malperfusion phenomena of aortic branches remain risk-factors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Retrograde type A dissection after endovascular stent grafting of type B dissection

Acute aortic dissection is a disease with high mortality. Whereas acute dissection of the ascending aorta (Standford type A) is treated surgically, acute dissection of Stanford type B (descending aorta) is principally treated conservatively, but surgically in case of complications. Recently, another therapeutical option for the treatment of type B dissection has been developed using endovascular stent-grafts. We report on a 64-year-old woman with typical signs of acute aortic dissection. Computer tomography and transesophageal echocardiography demonstrated Stanford type B dissection. The patient was treated with an endovascular stent-graft, because of malperfusion of the right leg and chest pain. After successful closure of the entry by the stent, the patient developed acute right-sided hemiplegia one day after the intervention due to retrograde dissection into the aortic arch and ascending aorta. Upon immediate operation, the origin of the initially type B dissection was still sufficiently occluded by the endovascular stent-graft; however, there was another entry between the innominate artery and the left carotic artery near one proximal end of the stent's strut. Using deep hypothermia and selective antegrade cerebral perfusion, the ascending aorta and proximal arch were replaced with a 28 mm Dacron-Velour tube and the aortic root was remodelled with a tongue-shaped Dacron graft preserving the valve cusps according to a modified Yacoub procedure. After the operation, neurological symptoms diminished and the patient could walk on the ward on day eleven. This case demonstrates retrograde type A dissection as a complication after interventional treatment of type B dissection using an endovascular stent-graft. The reason for this delayed complication is speculative. Aortic wall damage during stent inserting could be a possible cause. It is also likely that the patient initially had type B dissection with retrograde dissection of the distal part of the aortic arch. Therefore, one of the straight struts of the proximal end of the stent may have caused additional damage to the vulnerable dissected aortic wall in the arch, leading to retrograde type A dissection. Careful patient selection, detailed diagnosis of the aortic arch, improved stent designs and materials, especially regarding the stent's ends and careful insertion of the stent into the aortic arch, could contribute to prevention of the described problems.