Microdistribution of 239Pu in the rat skeleton. Part I. Dose dependency.

Sixty-day-old male and female rats were injected intravenously with one of three doses of monomeric 239Pu (1.11, 11.1 and 111 kBq kg-1 body weight) and were killed 1, 7, 14 or 32 days after injection. The macroscopic distribution in the skeleton as well as the microscopic distribution in the distal femur and the lumbar vertebra were studied. In general, no significant differences between the two sexes and the normalized three dose levels were found. The concentrations and dose-rates in hard tissue, marrow and near bone surfaces were lowest in the femur diaphysis and highest in the distal femur metaphysis. In each bone region the dose-rate increased in the order marrow, hard tissue, periosteal and endosteal bone surfaces. The initial dose-rates on the endosteal bone surfaces ranged from 130 mGy d-1 (femur diaphysis) up to 300 mGy d-1 (distal femur metaphysis), corresponding to an average cumulative monthly dose of 2.2 Gy (femur diaphysis) and 7 Gy (distal femur metaphysis) normalized to an injected dose of 37 kBq kg-1 body weight. After the injection of 111 kBq kg-1 body weight radiation, induced morphological changes occur to the distal femur metaphysis 32 days after injection.     

Gene transfer to the tendon-bone insertion site

This study investigated whether gene transfer to the tendon-bone insertion site is possible during early tendon-transplant healing using viral vectors. In addition, we evaluated the optimal gene delivery technique for an in vivo adenoviral gene transfer to a tendon-bone insertion site in a bone tunnel. Twenty-six rabbits underwent a bilateral transfer of the flexor digitorum longus tendon into a bone canal in the calcaneus. The animals were divided into two groups. The first group (n=18) received a direct injection of an adenoviral vector carrying the luciferase marker gene into the tendon on the left side, while on the right side the adenoviral vector was first injected into the bone trough and the tendon was later inserted into the trough. The analysis of this experiment showed that over a 4-week period a higher luciferase activity was achieved using the bone trough immersion technique. In the second group (n=8) we therefore used the qualitative marker virus (Ad/-LacZ) with the bone trough immersion technique in order to show the site of gene expression. The histological analysis of this experiment demonstrated the presence of -galactosidase positive cells within the tendon-bone interface over a 4-week period. Therefore we showed in the first part of this study that the bone canal provides a more efficient target for direct adenoviral gene delivery than the tendon. In the second part of the study we demonstrated the feasibility of the bone trough immersion technique since sustained gene expression within the tendon-bone interface was obtained for up to 4 weeks. This study has shown the feasibility of gene delivery to the tendon-bone interface and provides the basis for the application adenoviral delivery of growth factor genes to the tendon-bone insertion site.     

Red and yellow marrow in the femur: age-related changes in appearance at MR imaging

T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images of the femur in 77 subjects, aged 1 month to 24 years, were retrospectively analyzed for the distribution and appearance of red and yellow marrow. The subjects were divided into six age groups, and the signal intensity and degree of mottling of marrow in the proximal epiphysis, proximal metaphysis, diaphysis, distal metaphysis, and distal epiphysis were observed and assigned a grade. Bone marrow with low or intermediate to slightly increased signal intensity was considered red marrow, while bone marrow with increased signal intensity was considered fatty marrow. An orderly progression of red to yellow marrow conversion in the femur was appreciated first in the diaphysis (ages 1-10 years) and then in the distal metaphysis (ages 10-20 years), with an adult pattern seen by age 24 years. The MR spectrum of red and yellow marrow differs from the existing macroscopic anatomical data because MR imaging is apparently more sensitive to the presence of microscopic fat in bone marrow.     

新型互锁双钢板治疗长骨干节段性骨缺损

采用髓内皮质骨移植和松质骨充填，互锁双钢板固定治疗长骨干节段性骨缺损，观察移植骨和宿主骨的修复愈合过程和转归特点。结果显示：１２－２４周时植骨愈合良好，１２周时髓内植骨两端已与宿主骨愈合，２４周时髓内植骨两端呈松质骨化，充填的松质骨部分已改建为板层骨，骨缺损已大部分修复。新骨的形成是以哈氏系统为中心向外呈同心圆扩展，不同时期的新骨形成清晰可见。本法不仅可以恢复骨结构的完整性、固定可靠，而且具有良好     

基因修饰的组织工程骨联合血管束植入修复节段性骨缺损

目的 评价骨形态发生蛋白2（BMP-2）基因修饰的组织工程骨联合血管束植入修复节段性骨缺损效果。方法 分离培养兔骨髓基质干细胞，经BMP-2基因转染后复合异种骨支架体外构建基因修饰的组织工程骨。建立兔双侧桡骨缺损（2．0cm）模型，采用4种方法修复：A组：基因修饰的组织工程骨＋血管束植入；B组：基因修饰的组织工程骨；C组：无基因修饰的组织工程骨＋血管束植入；D组：单纯支架。术后4、8、12周行X线检查、计量组织学检查、生物力学测定和微血管墨汁灌注等观察血管形成及成骨情况。结果 A组缺损区在成骨活跃程度、再生骨量等方面均显著优于其他组，血管束发出分支向移植骨内长入，血管再生旺盛，其骨缺损得到了较彻底的修复。B组在BMP-2基因诱导下成骨速度和质量优于C组；而D组缺损内主要形成纤维组织。结论 BMP-2基因治疗联合血管束植入具有良好的成骨及血管化效果，对骨不连、长段骨缺损的治疗具有重要意义。     

纤维性骨皮质缺损的X线、CT诊断价值

目的评价纤维性骨皮质缺损的X线与CT诊断价值。方法18例(21个病灶)均有平片资料,其中13例(14个病灶)有CT资料,8例(9个病灶)经随访观察1~3年,2例手术病理证实。重点分析X线、CT特点。结果18例共21个病灶,其中股骨远侧干骺部10个,胫骨近侧干骺部5个,胫骨骨干3个,股骨近侧干骺部2个,肱骨近侧干骺部1个;单发15例,多发3例。X线表现:多呈类圆形或椭圆形的低密度灶,切线位呈杯口状或碟状的骨皮质缺损区,病灶内缘可见硬化边,周围未见骨膜反应及软组织肿胀。14个病灶CT表现:缺损可位于骨皮质表层(11个)或骨皮质内(3个),位于骨皮质表层者缺损表面无骨壳,局限于骨皮质内者缺损表面骨壳可完整;7个病灶凹向髓腔并以硬化边与髓腔分隔,但无膨胀性改变或突入髓腔;灶内为均匀软组织密度,未见钙化灶。9个病灶经随访观察,其中4个病灶无改变,4个病灶稍有缩小,1个病灶发展为非骨化性纤维瘤。结论典型的纤维性骨皮质缺损单凭平片即可诊断,但CT比平片更有价值。     

肌瓣作为BMP载体构建血管化骨组织修复骨缺损的形态学研究

为探讨肌瓣作为骨形态发生蛋白（BMP）载体构建血管化骨组织修复骨缺损的可行性及其生物学特征，制作兔桡骨下段15mm骨缺损，将去神经化的指深屈肌瓣转位至缺损区，作为BMP载体来修复骨缺损，通过大体、X线、组织学、原位末端标记（TUNEL）等方法观察骨缺损的修复过程及生物学变化。结果发现，骨骼肌逐渐发生萎缩，2周时肌瓣内可触及串珠状团位，有大量软骨细胞生成，沿肌间隙分布；6调 时骨桥与宿主骨紧密结合，软骨溶解区有大量纺织骨形成，出现骨髓腔并与宿主骨髓腔再通，肌纤维被增殖的间充质细胞、软骨细胞及结缔组织所分割；8周时肌纤维几乎完全消失，新生骨组织于条索状桥接两断端，组织学显示骨骼肌萎缩的同时，部分细胞核出现崩解，并有凋亡小体出现；TUNEL染色呈阳性。说明肌瓣可作为BMP的良好载体用于构建血管化的骨组织来修复骨缺损。     

正常股骨中下段骨髓MRI定量及1H-MRS研究

目的探讨正常股骨中下段骨髓磁共振成像（MRI）信号强度和氢质子磁共振波谱（^1H—MRS）随年龄增长的变化特点,为临床评价骨髓病变提供正常参考依据。资料与方法将70名2．30岁正常受检者按年龄分为6组：A组（2—5岁）9例,B组（6-10岁）10例,C组（11—15岁）10例,D组（16—20岁）13例,E组（21。25岁）13例,F组（26—30岁）15例。对股骨中下段分别采用矢状位SE T1WI和单体素激发回波序列（SVS-STEAM）进行MRI扫描和^1H-MRS采集。在T1WI上测量股骨干中段、下段和远侧干骺端骨髓及其相同水平相同层面邻近肌肉的信号强度,并计算各部位骨髓信号强度相对于肌肉的比值;同时分析3个相应股骨部位骨髓的^1H-MRS谱线。结果各年龄组中每一组内股骨干中段和下段骨髓信号强度之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,上述两个部位在B组与其他各任意年龄组间差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,而在C-F组内任意两组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,15岁以前骨髓信号强度与年龄呈明显正相关,其后随年龄增长信号强度变化不显著。股骨远侧干骺端骨髓信号强度在c组与A—F组中的任一组之间差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,但在AB两组间和D—F3组内差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,25岁以前骨髓信号强度与年龄呈明显正相关。股骨干中下段骨髓的^1H-MRS谱线在A组均为Lip1型,在B和C两组为Lip1型或Lip2型,在D—F组均为up2型。远侧干骺端骨髓的^1H-MRS谱线在所有年龄组为Lipl型,其中F组有up2型并存。结论不同年龄和不同股骨中下段骨髓的MRI信号强度和^1H-MRS的谱线不同,符合骨髓解剖生理学特点和骨髓转化规律,可作为股骨骨髓疾病分析的正常参考依据。     

Patterns of red marrow in the adult femur

PURPOSE: Conversion of red marrow (RM) to fatty marrow in the skeleton of the lower extremities begins at the distal end, ie, feet, and progresses proximally with distal bone marrow (ie, tibia) being converted more rapidly than proximal bone marrow (ie, femur). However, in an individual long bone, conversion begins in the diaphysis and progresses both distally and proximally (more rapidly toward the distal side). In a normal adult's femur, RM is present in the proximal one third or less. Reconversion of fatty marrow to RM is reported to occur in the reverse order of conversion. We assessed the frequency of various patterns of RM in the adult femur on In-111 leukocyte scans for a better understanding of the bone marrow regeneration process in individual long bones. METHODS: The patterns of marrow activity in the femur shown on In-111 leukocyte scans performed in 354 adults were divided into a) RM limited to the proximal one third or less, b) to the proximal two thirds, c) to the proximal one third and distal one third with no activity in the middle shaft, and d) in the entire femur. RESULTS: There were 207 patients with pattern A, 91 pattern B, 14 pattern C, and 42 pattern D. CONCLUSIONS: A considerably higher number of adults showed pattern B than pattern C. This suggests that regeneration of diaphyseal marrow precedes that of the distal marrow in an individual long bone or possibly that conversion of the latter precedes the former, which is different from that proposed in the literature.     

rhBMP-2和rhVEGF转染ADSCs后体外表达及诱导骨缺损成骨修复的实验研究

目的观察重组人骨形成蛋白2（rhBMP-2）和血管内皮生长因子（rhVEGF）转染脂肪源性干细胞（ADSCs）后的体外表达情况,并以含该转染体系的组织工程骨进行大动物负重骨缺损的修复研究。方法将外源性基因rhBMP-2和rhVEGF通过脂质体Lipofectamine^TM 2000介导的方式转染第四代ADSCs,以G418筛选出阳性克隆并扩大培养后,用RT-PCR和SABC免疫组化法在转录和蛋白质水平观察其转染后第2天和第4周表达情况。建立小香猪自体前肢尺骨中段1.5cm骨缺损模型,分3组进行对比试验：（A组）转染了生物活性因子的ADSCs与脱细胞骨基质材料（ACBM）复合而成新型组织工程骨植入修复组;（B组）未转染生物活性因子的ADSCs复合ACBM植入修复组;（C组）未处理组。以x线和组织切片评价其修复效果。结果转基因ADSCs在转染后瞬时和4周时都可表达rhBMP-2和rhVEGF。大动物骨缺损修复实验中,前2周内3组动物均未出现明显的急性炎症反应;连续x线观察和骨切片显示：A组在术后第3个月已完全修复,且修复效果和进程明显优于B组,C组缺损则主要由纤维结缔充填。结论rhBMP2及rh-VEGF转染ADSCs后可获得4周内稳定的表达。携带该缓释体系的新型组织工程骨是一种具有显著成骨能力的优良骨缺损修复材料。     

复合骨形态发生蛋白-2的人工骨与带血供组织修复羊大段骨缺损

目的研究组织工程化人工骨结合不同自体带血供组织(长段自体尺骨或屈指长肌)移植修复大段骨缺损的效果。方法手术造成绵羊桡骨30mm骨缺损,A组植入[聚乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物(PLGA)-磷酸三钙(TCP)-骨形态发生蛋白-2(BMP-2)]人工骨及带血运的长段尺骨,B组植入PLGA-TCP-BMP-2人工骨及带血运的屈指长肌肌腹,C组仅植入PLGA-TCP-BMP-2人工骨,D组不植入任何材料。4组均以钢板固定桡骨缺损区。术后24周行手术部位X线摄片,24周处死动物行组织学检查。结果术后24周时,X线检查示A、B组桡骨缺损处完全成骨修复,皮质骨与髓腔的轮廓较为清晰;C组亦能完全修复,但新生骨密度及髓腔轮廓清晰度均不如A、B组;D组无有效骨痂形成。组织学检查结果显示,A组新生骨完全修复骨缺损区;B组骨痂为较成熟的板层骨,骨陷窝较多;C组新生板层骨及骨陷窝排列较为紊乱;D组无骨连接表现。A、B、C组均未见人工骨材料残留。结论 PLGA-TCP-BMP-2人工骨结合带血供的长段自体骨或自体肌肉移植能够很好地修复绵羊桡骨30mm的骨缺损。     

Aerobic workout and bone mass in females

This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate bone mass in females participating in aerobic workout. Twenty-three females (age 24.1±2.7 years), participating in aerobic workout for about 3 hours/week, were compared with 23 age-, weight- and height-matched non-active females. Areal bone mineral density (BMD) was measured in total body, head, whole dominant humerus, lumbar spine, right femoral neck, Ward's triangle, trochanter femoris, in specific sites in right femur diaphysis, distal femur, proximal tibia and tibial diaphysis, and bone mineral content (BMC) was measured in the whole dominant arm and right leg, using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The aerobic workout group had significantly ( P <0.05–0.01) higher BMD in total body (3.7%), lumbar spine (7.8%), femoral neck (11.6%), Ward's triangle (11.7%), trochanter femoris (9.6%), proximal tibia (6.8%) and tibia diaphysis (5.9%) compared to the non-active controls. There were no differences between the groups concerning BMD of the whole dominant humerus, femoral diaphysis, distal femur and BMC and lean mass of the whole dominant arm and right leg. Leaness of the whole dominant arm and leg was correlated to BMC of the whole dominant arm and right leg in both groups. In young females, aerobic workout containing alternating high and low impact movements for the lower body is associated with a higher bone mass in clinically important sites like the lumbar spine and hip, but muscle strengthening exercises like push-ups and soft-glove boxing are not associated with a higher bone mass in the dominant humerus. It appears that there is a skeletal adaptation to the loads of the activity.     

MR imaging of changes of the growth plate after partial physeal removal and fat graft interposition in rabbits

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The most important complication of skeletal injuries involving the growth plate is growth disturbance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate MR features of growth plate modification after fat graft interposition in growth plate injury and to correlate these findings with pathological findings. METHODS: A growth plate injury model was used in 12 skeletally immature rabbits. A longitudinal drill hole 5 mm in diameter was created in the central part of the growth plate in the distal femur, bilaterally. One side was filled with autologous fat, and the contralateral defect was left empty as a control. Magnetic resonance imaging was obtained 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery, and routine histological study was performed. The authors evaluated sequential changes in MR images and the histological basis of MR findings. RESULTS: In grafted femur, the signal intensity of the grafted area was lower than that of the surrounding bone on T2-weighted images at 1 month. The growth plate defect at 3 to 6 months was modified and had a proximally tapering appearance. The ratio of the growth plate defect was smaller in the grafted femur than in the control femur after surgery. Histologically, the fat-grafted area was replaced by fibrous connective tissue. In the control femur, a bony bridge was rectangular in the longitudinal direction and showed isosignal intensity with a rim of low signal intensity on T1-weighted imaging. Histologically, the defect was filled with mature fatty marrow with new bone formation in the control femur. CONCLUSIONS: The proximally pointing appearance and the low signal intensity of the grafted area on MR suggested fibrous degeneration of grafted fat that prevented solid bony bridge formation in experimentally induced growth plate injury.     

家兔经皮自体骨髓移植在骨缺损瘢痕组织内成骨的X线表现

目的：观察家兔经皮自体骨髓移植在骨缺损瘢痕组织内成骨的Ｘ线特征。材料方法：选健康家兔１８只，于双侧桡骨建立１ｃｍ的骨缺损模型，６周后，于右侧骨缺损瘢痕组织内注射自体骨髓２ｍｌ，左侧注射外周血２ｍｌ。于注射前及注射后１、２、３、４、１２周行双侧桡骨骨缺损部位的Ｘ线检查。结果：骨缺损注射组，在注射后２周有新骨形成，３～４周时骨缺损间隙只残留１．５ｍｍ（１．２～２．３ｍｍ）。外周血注射组骨缺损间隙依然存在，骨缺损间隙平均７．５ｍｍ（７．０～９．３ｍｍ）。结论：经皮注射自体骨髓于骨缺损瘢痕组织内有成骨作用，外周血在骨缺损瘢痕组织内不能成骨     

Cell uptake and tissue distribution of radioiodine labelled D-luciferin: implications for luciferase based gene imaging

Optical luciferase gene imaging is emerging as a method to monitor gene expression in small animals. However, there is concern over how regional availability of exogenously administered substrate may affect photon emission. We thus synthesized [125I]iodo-D-luciferin, which demonstrated substrate characteristics for firefly luciferase, and investigated its cell uptake kinetics and in vivo biodistribution. Luminescence assays of luc gene transduced cells confirmed a linear decline in emitted light units with decreasing luciferin concentration. Both luc gene transduced and control cells demonstrated a low level of cellular uptake and rapid washout of [125I]iodo-D-luciferin, although early uptake was slightly higher for transduced cells (P < 0.005). Biodistribution in ICR mice demonstrated that early uptakes in liver, lung, myocardium and muscle were lower with intraperitoneal compared to intravenous administration. In view of the poor cell uptake, uptake levels (< 3%ID/g) suggest that substrate concentration may limit light emission rates in organs such as bone, muscle, myocardium, and particularly the brain. Thus, substrate availability should be considered as a potential limiting factor for photon emission efficiency in certain organs when attempting quantitative interpretation of optical luc gene imaging.     

Late radiation damage to the rat femur and the NSD formula

The extraction of 86Rb chloride, the red blood cell volume and the mineral content in the rat femur have been studied 7 months after local X-irradiation. Doses were given as 3, 6 and 9 fractions over three weeks. The total doses used were based on NSD value of 1450 and 1900 on the basis of the results from our previous single dose irradiation studies. The reduction in the extraction of 86Rb chloride was statistically significant for all fractionation schemes and at both NSD levels. In the whole femur, with bone marrow, the extraction was reduced by 33% to 46%. In the hard bone the reduction was less only 18% to 38%. There was no significant difference between the fractionation schemes used at each NSD level. The red blood cell volume was significantly reduced in the whole femur, with bone marrow, with no difference between the fractionation schemes. However, there was no change in the hard bone. The dry bone weight was reduced by 3 to 6% with no significant difference between the different fractionation schemes. The dose levels predicted by the NSD formula produced approximately the same damage to the rat femur 7 months after the irradiation when the dry weight and the extraction of 86Rb chloride were used as end points for the evaluation of the severity of late radiation damage.     

Quantitation of the susceptibility difference between trabecular bone and bone marrow: experimental studies.

In this study we quantify the effects of different relaxation mechanisms on the signal intensity in gradient-echo images of tissue such as bone marrow in the presence of trabecular bone. The susceptibility difference between trabecular bone and soft tissue produces distortions in the magnetic lines of force which induce strong inhomogeneities in the static magnetic field. Diffusion of tissue protons in such magnetic field gradients produce a shortening of the transverse relaxation time T2, while the dephasing of the transverse magnetization due to susceptibility differences produces a shortening of the apparent relaxation time T2* as demonstrated in gradient-echo images. We have used specimens of dried human vertebrae with different bone densities immersed in either saline to simulate tissue water or an emulsion of oil and water to simulate bone marrow to quantify these relaxation mechanisms in vitro. We have measured the MR relaxation times T1, T2, and T2* of protons within the trabecular spaces and correlated their variations with trabecular bone density. We have found that in vitro, at 1.5 T, the relaxation times T1 and T2 do not show significant variations with bone density and there are no significant contributions to the transverse relaxation rate due to the diffusion of tissue water in the magnetic field gradients. However, the relaxation rate, 1/T2*, of saline in the presence of trabecular bone increases at a rate of 0.2 s-1/mg/cc due to the dephasing of the transverse magnetization in the magnetic field inhomogeneities. Similar bone density-related T2* variations were observed for fat protons within the trabeculae where the chemical-shift-induced modulations of signal intensity in an oil-water emulsion have been separated from the susceptibility-induced relaxation effects. In addition, we have verified these effects in vivo and quantified in vivo variations in fat and water relaxation rates of bone marrow in the epiphysis and diaphysis in the appendicular skeleton of normal volunteers and found that both fat and water T2* are shorter in the epiphysis compared to the diaphysis, which correlates well with previous observations.     

Diaphyseal chondroblastoma in a long bone: first report

Chondroblastoma is a rare benign bone tumor typically located in the epiphysis. We describe the first case of chondroblastoma arising in the diaphysis of a long bone. The patient was a 13-year-old girl who presented with pain over her right thigh. Radiographs showed a lytic lesion in the diaphysis of her right femur. A core biopsy and a subsequent surgical resection were performed.     

带血管蒂筋膜瓣包裹组织工程骨修复兔桡骨缺损对降钙素基因相关肽和神经肽Y表达的影响

目的研究带血管蒂筋膜瓣包裹组织工程骨修复兔桡骨缺损对降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)和神经肽Y(NPY)表达的影响。方法12只新西兰大白兔,每只动物均在左、右侧桡骨中段制作长1.5cm的骨与骨膜缺损,然后植入组织工程骨修复骨缺损,左侧采用带血管蒂筋膜瓣包裹组织工程骨(实验组),右侧仅放置组织工程骨(对照组)。于术后3、6、12个月分别处死4只动物,行免疫组化染色检测修复骨段内CGRP和NPY的表达,并用图像分析软件进行半定量分析。结果两组CGRP和NPY的表达量均随时间延长而增高(P<0.05),且各时间点实验组两者的表达均高于对照组(P<0.05)。3个月时两组CGRP阳性表达部位大致相同,多在血管和骨髓处,新生骨边缘和骨膜处也有少量阳性表达,而6和12个月时以骨膜处和血管周围最多。在各时间点两组的NPY阳性表达部位无明显差异,在灶状骨髓的血管周围表达最多,新生骨质边缘及骨膜处也有少量表达。结论与单纯组织工程骨植入相比,采用带血管蒂筋膜瓣包裹组织工程骨修复兔骨缺损在术后12个月内可以明显促进CGRP和NPY的表达。     

携带人鞘氨醇激酶及突变体基因重组腺病毒载体的制备及表达

目的制备携带人野生型鞘氨醇激酶基因(SPK^wt)及其突变体(SPK^DN)的腺病毒载体,为研究SPK的生物学功能提供高效基因转移载体。方法将野生型和突变体SPK基因亚克隆至穿梭载体pshuttle-cmv,重组的穿梭质粒经Pme线性化后,电转化E.coli BJ-AD-1感受态,获得带有目的基因的腺病毒重组子质粒;重组子经Pac I线性化后,以脂质体介导转染293包装细胞,获得重组腺病毒载体;分别行PCR鉴定重组腺病毒是否携带目的基因,Western blot鉴定目的基因是否表达,酶活性检测判断野生型基因和突变体基因表达活性。结果重组腺病毒带有目的基因,可以感染内皮细胞并正确表达,酶活性分析表明野生型SPK基因增强SPK活性,突变体SPK基因抑制SPK活性。结论成功构建了携带SPK野生型及其突受体的重组腺病毒,为研究SPK的功能提供了物质基础。