残根和残冠的修复与咀嚼功能

1 The evidences of the reparation of residual roots and residual crowns and the clinical significances Lots of patients have severe physical and mental pain and life quality decrease resulted from the extraction of residual roots and residual crowns. With science development, new material application and designing method promotion, several artificial teeth have replaced the extraction of teeth. In some degree, the method have relieved the pain of no teeth.     

高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与血管剩余风险

动脉粥样硬化性疾病严重危害人类健康。血脂代谢异常是引起动脉粥样硬化性疾病的主要原因。应用他汀降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平是心血管病患者血脂紊乱管理的基础。近来研究发现,应用他汀治疗且LDL-C水平达到治疗的靶点的患者血管残余风险仍然很高。甘油三酯(TG)升高和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)降低是残余风险的重要危险因素,且HDL-C水平是独立于LDL-C水平的心血管危险预测因子,是进一步降低心血管危险因素的合理治疗目标,低HDL-C在血脂紊乱的心血管病患者中很常见,降低LDL到治目标同时升高HDL-C的治疗策略,可能获得更多的临床效益。     

递增式血液透析和残余肾功能

残余肾功能是肾脏受损后健存肾单位的滤过、重吸收和内分泌功能,它不仅可以维持水、电解质和酸碱平衡,还可清除小分子、中分子和蛋白结合类毒素,与血液透析患者的预后息息相关.当前,残余肾功能的主要评估方法为尿素氮清除率.对于有残余肾功能的血液透析患者,应该结合残余肾功能水平采用标准尿素清除指数(standard K t/Vur...     

Incidence ofHelicobacter pylori infections and therapy for anastomotic ulcers and residual gastritis in patients with residual stomachs

Seventy-seven patients with the vestibular portion of their stomachs resected (residual stomach) due to ulcers or stomach cancers were included in this study. Fifty-five (71.4%) of these patients hadHelicobacter pylori infections.H. pylori was found in all patients with stomach cancer, esophageal cancer, or esophageal venous varicosity, and in 86.7% of patients with esophagitis, 78.6% with residual gastritis, 70.0% with anastomotic ulcers, and in 51.6% of patients with normal mucosa in their resected stomachs. The in vitro antibacterial activities of amoxicillin, erythromycin, clarithromycin, minocycline, nalidixic acid, ofloxacin, lansoprazole, and omeprazole were determined against 10 clinical isolates ofH. pylori. All agents except ofloxacin, nalidixic acid and omeprazole showed satisfactory bactericidal activities. The clinical and bacteriological efficacies of a combined treatment regimen with lansoprazole and clarithromycin were evaluated in 10 patients with anastomotic ulcers and 6 patients with residual stomach inflammation after informed consent. The clinical efficacy of this treatment in these 16 patients was excellent for 3 patients, good for 12 patients, and fair for the other patient. Collectively, the treatment was effective in 15/16 (93.8%) of patients. The bacteriological efficacy of this treatment regimen was evaluated in 14 patients, with no evidence ofH. pylori 13 (92.9%) patients.     

Acute kidney injury and residual renal function

ABSTRACT: Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurring in patients admitted to the ICU may result in impaired renal function on long-term follow-up after ICU discharge. The damage induced by subclinical or manifest episodes of AKI may, in fact, produce an irreversible loss of a variable amount of renal mass with deleterious effects on overall renal function. This may be the case even though baseline glomerular filtration rate appears to return to normal but renal reserve is impaired. This may have an important effect on long-term outcomes, including progression to chronic kidney disease. Acute kidney insults should not be considered as isolated episodes but rather a sequence of progressive events that can lead to progressive deterioration of kidney tissue and eventual declines in renal function.     

血脂异常相关血管病变的剩留风险

随着糖尿病、肥胖、代谢综合征等代谢性高危因素的流行,心血管疾病的防治工作受到了前所未有的挑战。尽管当前的标准治疗能有效控制LDL-C、血压和血糖,但大血管事件和微血管并发症的剩留风险仍然在大多数患者中持续存在,这类患者的血脂异常表现为:TG升高、HDL-C水平较低,或同时伴随有载脂蛋白B和非HDL-C升高,被称为"致动脉粥样硬化性血脂异常",是导致大血管和微血管剩留风险的重要因素。血脂异常相关的剩留血管风险成了全球面临的共同挑战。     

多个玻璃纤维桩树脂核修复磨牙残冠

背景：由于铸造金属桩核弹性模量大,修复磨牙残冠残根时易造成根尖部根折,难以取出、生物相容性差等缺点。目的：评价多个玻璃纤维桩修复磨牙残冠的临床效果。方法：选择26例31颗磨牙残冠,经完善根管治疗后,选择两至三个根管制作玻璃纤维桩树脂核,然后进行氧化锆全瓷冠修复,随访观察治疗效果。结果与结论：随访12～24个月,3颗全瓷冠出现颜色偏差,因后牙对美观影响不大,患者未提出异议;1颗冠崩瓷而重做外冠,1颗冠因邻接关系不良导致食物嵌塞而重做外冠,1颗冠因龈距离低,聚合度过大冠脱落,经增加辅助固位型后重做外冠,重做外冠观察半年以上未见异常。其余病例修复体外形良好,边缘密合,X射线检查桩与根管密贴,无桩或根折,根尖根周牙槽骨无吸收影像。表明多纤维桩树脂核技术修复磨牙残冠能够获得良好的近期临床效果。     

多个玻璃纤维桩树脂核修复磨牙残冠

背景:由于铸造金属桩核弹性模量大,修复磨牙残冠残根时易造成根尖部根折,难以取出、生物相容性差等缺点.目的:评价多个玻璃纤维桩修复磨牙残冠的临床效果.方法:选择26例31颗磨牙残冠,经完善根管治疗后,选择两至三个根管制作玻璃纤维桩树脂核,然后进行氧化锆全瓷冠修复,随访观察治疗效果.结果与结论:随访12~24个月,3颗全瓷冠出现颜色偏差,因后牙对美观影响不大,患者未提出异议;1颗冠崩瓷而重做外冠,1颗冠因邻接关系不良导致食物嵌塞而重做外冠,1颗冠因牙合龈距离低,聚合度过大冠脱落,经增加辅助固位型后重做外冠,重做外冠观察半年以上未见异常.其余病例修复体外形良好,边缘密合,X射线检查桩与根管密贴,无桩或根折,根尖根周牙槽骨无吸收影像.表明多纤维桩树脂核技术修复磨牙残冠能够获得良好的近期临床效果.     

Gait asymmetries in residual hemiplegia

Temporal gait asymmetries in 25 patients with residual stroke were measured from a walkway which allowed data collection on-line with a microcomputer. An asymmetry ratio has been introduced to reflect the degree of asymmetry in each of the support phases of the gait cycle. Subjects in this study demonstrated residual deficits in walking, and although there was a general pattern of asymmetry, walking patterns varied even though the group had been selected according to criteria which tended to make for relative functional homogeneity. Both the extent and patterns of temporal gait asymmetries with respect to phases of the gait cycle were found to vary. The basic rehabilitative implication of these findings is that it is not possible to design a single gait reeducation program for all residual stroke patients; the exercises prescribed must address the unique deficiencies of each patient.     

残根残冠的保存治疗及功能性修复

目的探讨残根残冠保存治疗的适应证、方法和烤瓷牙功能性修复的种类、方法及修复存在的问题和处理方法。方法选择门诊538例患者807颗残根残冠,经问诊、探诊、叩诊、X线检查后进行保存治疗;治疗成功后采用不同方法进行功能性修复,并经过1~5年临床追踪观察。结果807颗牙根管治疗并烤瓷冠修复后,798颗牙未出现异常情况,9颗牙出现根折、松动、脱落、基牙根纵裂等并发症。结论残根残冠的保存治疗及功能性修复是一种理想的治疗方法,但应具备以下几个条件:①能彻底治愈的牙周病和根尖周病;②基牙应具备良好固位形和抗力形;③修复体能获得较为满意的咀嚼功能和美学效果;④避免或减少牙槽骨的吸收。     

多发性骨髓瘤的分层及微小残留病检测

多发性骨髓瘤(MM)是血液肿瘤中一类常见的恶性疾病,发病率居血液肿瘤第2位,其发病率在我国逐年上升,且发病趋势呈年轻化,严重影响患者的生存时间和生活质量.近年来,随着对MM研究的深入,使MM患者的无进展生存(PFS)和总体生存(OS)期均明显提高,但目前仍不能从根本上治愈该病.对于存在高度异质性的MM,基于预后分层进行规范化、精准化治疗及应用高灵敏度的技术手段检测微小残留病(MRD)是治疗该病主要的发展趋势.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术后残余结石的防治

目的 分析LC术后胆道残余结石。方法 对该院处理的6例LC术后残余结石进行回顾性分析。结果 该院LC术后残余结石发生率0．27％(3／1105)，术前检查欠缺、术中经验不足是LC术后残余结石的主要原因。结论 预防结石残留的关键是加强术前检查，改善术中处理技巧。     

Long-term survival and residual hazard after in-hospital cardiac arrest

AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine long-term survival after in-hospital cardiac arrests and to explore if and when the excess mortality risk imposed by the index event reaches that of an age and sex matched general population. METHOD: A retrospective analysis of data from 1,571 in-hospital cardiac arrests between the calendar years 1997 and 2002 inclusive was performed. Two hundred and fifty-nine people survived until hospital discharge, 220 of which were residents in England and included in the study. Kaplan-Meier curves were constructed for the survivors and an age and sex matched comparator population, and survival compared with a one-sample log rank test. Smoothed hazard curves were constructed for the two populations. Differences in outcome from year of index event were also sought. RESULTS: 16.5% of patients survived to hospital discharge. Patients continue to experience a mortality rate greater than that of the comparator population during the first 200 days, with overall 70 deaths versus 18.7 as predicted from life tables (p < 0.0001). The hazard is greatest after resuscitation and falls thereafter until about 2 years where it is not very different to that of the comparator population and then subsequently rises. No evidence was found of a difference in the first year survival between patients resuscitated in different calendar years (p > 0.3 for all tests). CONCLUSION: The residual risk to an individual cardiac arrest survivor's life is greatest during the first year of survival, but declines progressively during the first 2 years after the event, subsequently approaching the risk experienced by the general population.     

Postoperative nitrous oxide analgesia and the functional residual capacity

Surgery of the upper abdomen is associated with the greatest demand for postoperative analgesia and also is marked by depressed pulmonary function, arterial hypoxemia, and pulmonary complications. Nitrous oxide (N2O) in concentrations of 15-25% is a potent analgesic and is relatively free of untoward side effects if administered for a maximum of 48 h. In the present study, the effect of N2O analgesia on postoperative lung function, in particular, the functional residual capacity (FRC), is examined. Eighteen cholecystectomy patients received either a narcotic (N = 11) or N2O (N = 7) for postoperative analgesia. N2O-treated patients had satisfactory analgesia and maintained FRC at normal levels. Narcotic treated patients had a fall of 22% in FRC. N2O had no effect on the formed elements in peripheral blood.     

Partial excision of residual burn lesions

Most burn victims have unattractive residual lesions, which may include hypertrophic donor sites, unsightly skin grafts, hypertrophic scars, and mature scars with altered pigmentation or texture. Some of these lesions can be treated by total excision in one or more stages or they can be reconstructed utilizing grafts, flaps, Z-plasties, or tissue expansion. But frequently these procedures are either not indicated or not elected by the patient. In such a situation, the only surgical option is partial excision, with the goal of making the lesion less conspicuous and more easily concealed by clothing. Whether or not such partial excisions are worthwhile is the obvious question. We could not find an answer in the literature and therefore decided to review our own experience. Between 6/30/81 and 3/12/86, 92 such procedures were performed and followed in 25 patients. Partial excision of hypertrophic donor sites, unsightly skin grafts, and hypertrophic scars did yield improved appearance in most patients. However, partial excision of mature scars, ie, areas of altered pigmentation or texture, did not have the same success. We continue to treat the first three types of lesions in this fashion but no longer include the latter.