左旋四氢巴马汀在大鼠全脑缺血-再灌流时对脑组织电解质含量的影响

目的：通过观察脑缺血－再灌流时脑组织钙、镁、锌、钠、铁含量的变化，探讨左旋四氢巴马汀在全脑缺血－再灌流损伤时的作用机制。方法：建立大鼠急性脑缺血－再灌流损伤模型，用原子分光光度仪检测脑组织电解质含量。结果：与假手术组比较脑缺血－再灌流12h组钙、锌、钠、钾含量增高（P＜0．01），铁含量亦增高（P＜0．05），镁含量降低（P＜0．01）；24h钙、锌、钠含量进一步增高（P＜0．01），镁含量进一步降低（P＜0．01），钾和铁含量与假手术组接近（P＞0．05）。左旋四氢巴马汀在脑缺血再灌流12h和24h均能抑制脑组织钙（P＜0．01）、锌（P＜0．01）、钠（P＜0．05，P＜0．01）含量的上升，并提高脑组织镁（P＜0．01）和钾（P＜0．05，P＜0．01）的含量，降低铁含量（P＜0．05，P＜0．01）。结论：左旋四氢巴马汀可抑制脑缺血－再灌流期间脑组织钙、锌、钠含量的上升并提高镁和钾含量，降低铁含量。     

骨性关节病患者膝关节液微量元素测定及临床意义

目的：探讨骨性关节病患关节液中各微量元素含量变化。方法：采用原子吸收光谱法检测30例膝关节骨性关节病患的关节液中钙、铜、锌、镁、铁的含量，并与健康成年人正常值作对照。结果：骨性关节病组钙、锌含量均显高于对照组(P<0.01)．铜、镁含量均高于对照组(P<0.05)，铁含量均低于对照组(P<0．05)。结论：以上微量元素水平的变化为骨性关节病时关节软骨破坏的重要发病固索之一。     

肺癌患者血清中微量元素的检测及其临床价值

目的检测肺癌患者血清中微量元素的水平，并探讨对肺癌辅助诊断的临床价值。方法采用原子吸收分光光度法及721分光光度法同时测定血清样品中铜、锌、铁、镁及钙等5种微量元素的合量。结果肺癌组及肺良性疾病组患者血清铜合量和铜／锌比值均高于正常对照组，而锌、钙、镁含量均低于正常对照组，差异有非常显著性意义(P＜0．01)，而且肺癌组与肺良性疾病组血清铜、铁、钙及铜／锌比值相比差异也有显著性意义(P＜o．05)。结论测定肺癌患者血清中铜／锌比值和钙、镁含量对肺癌的辅助诊断有一定的参考价值。     

河北省邢台县山区孕妇孕期微量元素及钙镁含量调查

目的：了解农村孕妇微量元素及钙镁缺乏情况。方法：通过对邢台县山区五个乡300名孕妇孕早、中、晚期头发微量元素铁、铜、锌及钙、镁含量调查，与同期、同孕期200名市区孕妇头发含量对照，发现农村孕妇孕中、晚期铁、铜、锌、钙、镁含量明显低于正常值，P〈0．01。结论：改善广大农村特别是偏远山区孕妇营养状况，普及农村孕期保健知识，保护环境，追在眉睫。     

饮食指导对临产孕妇及新生儿微量元素的影响

目的:探讨临产孕妇血清与新生儿脐血血清中微量元素钙、镁、锌、铁、铜含量水平及其临床意义。方法:用日立7600型自动生化分析仪测定孕妇血清210例、新生儿脐血血清210例的钙、镁、锌、铁、铜血清含量并进行对照研究。结果:新生儿脐血血清中铁、钙、锌含量高于孕妇血清(P0.05);临产孕妇血清铜含量高于新生儿脐血血清(P0.05);新生儿脐血血清与临产孕妇血清中镁的含量无差异(P0.05)。结论:血清微量元素铁、钙、锌、镁的减少,铜的升高可能导致妊娠期疾病的发生。无论孕妇机体在正常状态下还是在病理状态下,都首先保证胎儿对锌、铜、铁、钙、镁的需要。孕期应定期监测微量元素,合理补充微量元素钙、锌、铁,从而减少妊娠期疾病的患病率,保证孕妇身体健康和胎儿的正常生长发育。     

金属元素在胆囊结石形成中的探讨

目的：初步分析金属元素在胆囊结石形成中的作用。方法：分别采集胆囊切除取石28例，用平面光栅摄谱仪测定胆石金属元素含钙(Ca)、磷(P)、铁(Fe)、钠(Na)、镁(Mg)、铜(Cu)、铝(A1)、铅(Pb)、锰(Mn)、铋(Bi)共十种元素的含量。结果：钙(Ca)、磷(P)、铁(Fe)、钠(Na)、镁(Mg)、铜(Cu)、铝(Al)含量≥0．01％。铅(Pb)、锰(Mn)、铋(Bi)≤0．01％。结论：钙(Ca)、磷(P)、铁(Fe)、钠(Na)、镁(Mg)、铜(Cu)、铝(Al)等金属离子在胆囊结石形成相关因素中占有重要作用。其中，胆固醇结石100％都含有钙(Ca)、磷(P)；胆色素结石形成中有大量的钠(Na)、镁(Mg)、铜(Cu)、铝(Al)；铁(Fe)离子参与胆石中黑色物质的构成。     

青岛市市售海产品中无机盐含量的检测

评价海产品中无机盐的营养质量，以评定群体和个体的膳食计划，寻找对人体合适的无机盐食物。采用原子吸收光谱法测定钾，钠，钙，镁，铁，锰，锌，铜的含量，采用荧光分光光度法测定硒含量。海产品中钾，钠，钙，镁等宏量元素含量较高，笪微量元素在不同海产品中含量变化很大，铁以鲍 含量最高，总体范围是０．２０－２２．６０ｍｇ／１００ｇ；锰含量相对于其他类食物比较低，部体变化范围是０．０２－１．０３ｍｇ／１００ｇ，锌     

不育症患者精液微量元素与精液质量之间的相关性分析

目的 探讨男性不育症患者精浆中微量元素含量与精液参数的相关性.方法 对101例健康男性(对照组)和500例男性不育症患者(不育组)进行精浆锌、铁、铜、钙、镁、镉含量检测及精液常规分析,采用Spearman相关性分析对精浆中微量元素含量与精液参数进行相关性分析.结果 不育组精浆锌含量低于对照组,铜、镉含量高于对照组(P<0.05);钙、铁、镁含量组间比较无统计学差异(P>0.05).不育组精浆钙、镁、铁含量与精液pH值呈负相关(P＜0.05),锌含量与精子活率、精子密度呈正相关(P＜0.05),镉含量与精子密度、精子活率、活跃精子密度呈负相关(P＜0.05).结论 不育症患者精浆中微量元素含量与精液参数存在密切的相关性.     

微量元素与早产儿相关因素研究

目的研究铜、铁、锌、钙、镁、锰等微量元素与早产儿的发生是否存在关联。方法用日立7600全自动生化分析仪,对早产儿(50例)母血及脐血分别进行分析,并与正常足月儿(50例)母血及脐血对照,测定铜、铁、锌、钙、镁、锰微量元素的含量,根据测定不同的微量元素采用不同的主波长及样品量。结果早产孕妇血清及脐血中微量元素较正常孕妇明显偏低(P均<0.05),早产儿脐血微量元素明显低于早产儿母血(P均<0.05)。结论妊娠期孕妇血中微量元素是胎儿发育过程中不可缺少的营养成分,对胎儿发育有重要影响。孕期应补充微量元素如钙剂、铁剂等,以提高围产期保健质量,减少早产的发生。     

北京地区儿童全血5种元素检测结果分析

目的 探讨不同年龄、不同性别儿童全血中常量元素(钙、镁)和微量元素(铜、锌、铁)含量及年龄差异,为儿童合理补充常量和微量元素提供参考.方法 采用原子吸收光谱法测定北京地区2010年4 158例0～6岁儿童全血铜、锌、铁、钙、镁5种元素含量,对不同性别间的差异采用t检验进行分析,采用F分析比较年龄间的分布差异.结果 在检测的五项指标中,五个年龄组之间铜、锌、铁、钙、镁含量差异均有统计学显著性意义(P<0.05),不同年龄组儿童锌、镁、铁含量随年龄增长而升高,钙含量随年龄增长而降低.在性别上铜含量(男性高于女性)差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 不同年龄组儿童5种元素含量不同,需要摄入量也不同,针对不同年龄段的儿童给予有针对性的营养指导.     

反复呼吸道感染患儿微量元素和免疫功能水平的测定与分析

目的探讨全血微量元素Cu、Fe、Zn、Ca、Mg与反复呼吸道感染患儿免疫指标的关系。方法用原子吸收光谱法和免疫散射比浊方法测定56例反复呼吸道感染患儿（RRI组）全血中微量元素和血清免疫球蛋白的含量,并与55例健康儿童（对照组）全血中微量元素和血清免疫球蛋白的含量进行比较。结果RRI组全血中Zn、Fe、Ca含量明显低于对照组（P〈0．01）,同时血清IgA、IgG含量明显低于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论反复呼吸道感染患儿存在Zn、Fe、Ca含量的缺乏,同时低锌也是造成免疫功能低下的原因之一,需临床医师特别注意,对反复呼吸道感染患者需常规检测微量元素,尤其Zn,并及时补充。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术围手术期微量元素的变化

目的：探讨LC围手术期微量元素的变化,方法：对12例LC病人在术前,术终,术后血清中Ca,Mg,Fe,Zn,Cu,Mn,Se,Cr,CO,Ni,V,Mo,Ba,Al,Sr,Cd,Pb和Se的变化进行动态观察,结果：在检测的18种微量元素中,在术终Ca,Mg,Zn,CU,Mn,Se,Cr等必需微量元素均明显降低（P＜0．05,P＜0．01）,术后第1天,血清中Ca,Mg,Zn,Cu,Mn,Se,Cr均还维持在明显的水平（P＜0．05）,结论：LC对必需的微量元素有明显的影响,术后应注意补充适量的微量元素。     

Assessment of serum macro and trace element homeostasis and the complexity of inter-element relations in bipolar mood disorders

BACKGROUND: Bipolar disorders are complex neuropsychiatric in nature and are clinically classified as Type I, Type II, and Type V. The etiological factors include environmental-genetic inter-relations. Trace metals play a significant role in neurological disorders. There is very limited information on the role of macro and trace elements in bipolar disorders. METHODS: Trace elements namely Na, K, S, Ca, Mg, P, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn and Al were analyzed in serum samples of 3 bipolar types: bipolar I, bipolar II and bipolar V with a control group using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The patients were assessed as per the standard diagnostic criteria and classified into the bipolar type I, II hypomanic, II depressives and V. RESULTS: In bipolar I (mania), Na, K, P, Cu, Al and Mn were increased significantly (p<0.001). In bipolar II hypomania, Na, S, Al and Mn were increased significantly (p<0.02), while in bipolar II depression, Na, K, Cu and Al were increased (p<0.001). In bipolar V, Na, Mg, P, Cu, and Al were increased significantly (p<0.002), though S (p<0.00001), Fe (p<0.002) and Zn (p<0.004) were decreased in all 3 bipolar groups. CONCLUSIONS: There is a disturbance in the charge distribution and element-element interdependency in bipolar serum when compared to controls. These results suggest that there is a definite imbalance in macro and trace element homeostasis as evidenced by element inter-relationships in serum samples of bipolar groups when compared to controls.     

Concentrations of trace elements in sweat during sauna bathing

Trace elements in sweat during sauna bathing were assessed. Sweat collected by the whole body method was compared with that collected by the arm bag method. The sweat samples were collected from ten healthy male adults aged 22-26 years, by heat exposure in dry sauna bathing (60 degrees C, 30 minutes). Concentrations of major (Na, Cl, K, Ca, P and Mg) and trace (Zn, Cu, Fe, Ni, Cr and Mn) elements in sweat tended to be lower in the arm bag method than in the whole body method. It was found that Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations in the arm bag method were significantly lower than those in the whole body method. The amount of trace elements in sweat measured by the arm bag method was less than that by the whole body method; significant differences were observed in Fe and Mn amounts. These observations suggest that excretion of trace elements by sweating induces trace element decrease. Therefore, athletes and workers who work in a hot environment and sweat much habitually should ingest adequate amounts of trace elements.     

Analysis of trace elements and crystalline formations in the sputum in bronchial asthma

The content of sputum trace elements was investigated in 12 patients with bronchial asthma (BA). The presence of Na, K, Ca, P, Mg, Si, Sn, Fe, Mn, Cu, Ti, Ag, Al, V, B was revealed. The absence of Zn and high levels of Ca and Sn were observed. Multiple crystalline Ca precipitates (phosphates, carbonates and oxalates) were found in the sputum of 56 BA patients. Ammonium urate and uric acid were also revealed. The author supposed disturbance of calcium homeostasis and purine metabolism in BA patients, involvement of the detected crystalline formations in the pathogenesis of BA obstruction bronchospasm and deterioration of sputum rheological properties.     

儿童反复呼吸道感染与血微量元素含量的相关性分析

目的 探讨儿童反复呼吸道感染(RRTI)与血微量元素含量的关系.方法 用北京博晖BH5100型和BH2100型原子吸收光谱仪分别检测557例儿童反复呼吸道感染(RRTI)患儿血中铜、锌、钙、镁、铁及铅的含量,并与557例健康对照组作比较.结果 观察组患儿血中锌、铁、钙含量明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而0～≤6岁观察组患儿血铅的水平明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).只有大于3～≤6岁观察组患儿血中镁的含量明显低于对照组(P<0.01).结论 RRTI与血中锌、铁、钙的缺乏及铅暴露的水平密切相关.及时、合理地补充微量元素,维持体内微量元素之间的平衡,有助于提高儿童的免疫力,降低儿童RRTI的患病率.     

Concentrations of calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, potassium, sodium and zinc in adult female hair with different body mass indexes in Taiwan.

We investigated concentrations of calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, potassium, sodium and zinc using atomic absorption spectroscopy in the hair of four groups of adult females (n = 392), ranging in age from 20 to 50 years, with different body mass index (BMI): BMI < 18, slim group; BMI 18-25, normal group; BMI 26-35, overweight or obese group; and BMI>35, morbidly obese group. We found that the group with BMI < 18 had the highest ratios for [Ca]/[Mg], [Fe]/[Cu] and [Zn]/[Cu], but the lowest ratio for [K]/[Na] in hair. On the contrary, the group with BMI > 35 had the highest ratio for [K]/[Na], but the lowest for [Fe]/[Cu] and [Zn]/[Cu] in hair. Furthermore, when we compared concentrations of Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, K, Na and Zn between the groups with BMI < 18 and BMI > 35, we found that there were significant differences (p < 0.05) in zinc concentrations between these two groups. In addition, there were significant differences in Ca, Cu, Mg, K and Na concentrations, with p < 0.01 at least. From this point of view, we suggest that hair concentrations of Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, K, Na and Zn may be correlated with adult female BMI, but further studies are needed.     

重庆市2873例儿童末梢血微量元素含量分析

目的了解重庆地区儿童体内微量元素的含量。方法采用BH2100型和BH5100plus型原子吸收光谱仪,对2873例儿童末梢血铜、锌、钙、镁、铁、铅等元素进行检测。结果在男女儿童间锌、镁、铁含量差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,铜、钙、铅含量差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。不同年龄组间各种微量元素的含量差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）,其中锌、铁的缺乏率最高,分别为22．35％和17．44％,钙的缺乏率次之,为5．19％。结论应加强儿童末梢血微量元素含量地监测,科学合理地补充微量元素,积极预防和及时治疗铅中毒,以促进儿童的健康成长。     

On metal elements in pure pigment gallstones.

T total of 17 metal elements (Ag, Al, B, Bi, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, P, Pb, Si, Sn and Zn) were identified by spectroanalysis of various gallstone specimens. In the pure pigment stone which is characterized by black appearance, the metal elements were more various in sort and the spectra of respective elements were more intense than in the calcium bilirubinate stone and the cholesterol stone. As compared with other gallstones, the pure pigment stone contained Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg and Mn at higher concentrations, as determined by semiquantitative analysis, and on incineration yielded more ash. Concentrations of Ca and Mg seemed to parallel the ash content of gallstone, while Cu and Fe did not show such a tendency and were relatively specific to the pure pigment stone irrespective of ash content. These results indicate that metal elements, particularly Cu and Fe, play a role in the formation of black substances of the pure pigment stone, possibly as complex compounds with bilirubin derivatives.     

早期先兆流产患者微量元素含量检测的临床意义

目的 探讨妊娠妇女体内微量元素含量与发生先兆流产的关系.方法 比较98例早期先兆流产孕妇、97例正常早孕期妇女以及101例非孕育龄期健康妇女的临床资料,分析孕早期微量元素铜（cuprum,Cu）、锌（zinc,Zn）、钙（calcium,Ca）、镁（magnesium,Mg）、铁（ferri,Fe）、铅（plumbum,Pb）、镉（cadmium,Cd）七项指标的变化情况及其与先兆流产的关系.结果 三组间一般临床资料比较,差异均无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）.三组间Cu、Zn、Ca、Mg和Fe含量差异均有统计学意义（P均＜0.05）,而Pb和Cd含量差异均无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）.与正常非孕组比较,正常早孕组Cu水平上升,Zn水平下降,早期先兆流产组Zn、Ca、Mg、Fe水平均下降,且差异均有统计学意义（P均＜0.05）;与正常早孕组比较,早期先兆流产组Cu、Ca、Mg水平均下降,且差异均有统计学意义（P均＜0.05）.结论 微量元素Cu、Zn、Ca、Mg、Fe在妊娠早期中起着重要作用,其缺乏可能是引起先兆流产的原因之一.因此在计划怀孕前及早孕期要注意摄取含Cu、Zn、Ca、Mg、Fe丰富的食物,补充体内必须的微量元素,以减少先兆流产的发生.