脉压与急性冠脉综合征发病率关系的探讨

目的探讨中老年体检人群中脉压(PP)水平与冠心病危险因素和急性冠脉综合征(ACS)发病率的相关性。方法将174例体检人员分为PP<65mmHg组(120例)和PP≥65mmHg组(54例)。分析两组中年龄、性别、高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病、吸烟等冠心病危险因素及ACS发病率的相关性。结果①PP≥65mmHg组的危险因素明显多于PP<65mmHg组(P<0.05),其中≥2个危险因素者在PP≥65mmHg组中高达90.7%(P<0.05)。②PP≥65mmHg组ACS的发病率与PP<65mmHg组比较差异有统计学意义。结论发生ACS时,PP大的ACS患者危险因素多于PP小者;PP与ACS发病率相关。     

脉压与急性冠脉综合征的相关性研究

目的探讨急性冠脉综合征(ACS)病人中脉压(PP)水平与冠心病危险因素和冠状动脉病变程度的相关性.方法将149例ACS病人分为PP<65 mmHg组(41例)和PP≥65 mmHg组(108例),分析两组病人年龄、性别、高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病、吸烟等冠心病危险因素以及冠状动脉病变程度.结果①PP≥65 mmHg组病人的危险因素明显多于PP＜65 mmHg组(P＜0.05),其中2个以上危险因素的病人在PP≥65 mmHg组中高达96.3%(P＜0.01);②PP≥65 mmHg组病人冠状动脉3支血管病变的患病率显著增高(P＜0.05).结论发生ACS时,PP高的ACS病人其危险因素多于PP低者,且冠状动脉病变亦较为严重.     

臂踝脉搏波传播速度与急性冠脉综合征患者冠脉病变的关系研究

目的 探讨急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者中臂踝脉搏波传播速度(brachial ankle pulse wave velocity Ba-PWV)水平与冠心病危险因素和冠状动脉狭窄程度的相关性.方法 将74例ACS患者分为Ba-PWV<1400 cm/s组(20例)和Ba-PWV>1400 cm/s组(54例).分析2组中年龄、性别、高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病、吸烟等冠心病危险因素以及冠脉血管狭窄程度.结果 (1)Ba-PWV>1400 cm/s组患者的危险因素明显多于Ba-PWV<1400 cm/s组(P<0.05),其中≥2个危险因素的患者在Ba-PWV>1400 cm/s组中高达96.3%(P<0.01);(2)Ba-PWV>1400 cm/s组冠脉狭窄程度与Ba-PWV<1400 cm/s组比较差异无统计学意义.结论 发生ACS时,Ba-PWV大的ACS患者其危险因素多于Ba-PWV小者,Ba-PWV与相关冠脉狭窄严重程度不相关.     

高血压患者脉压与冠状动脉狭窄程度

目的探讨高血压患者脉压(PP)与冠状动脉狭窄的关系。方法279例高血压(EH)患者均行冠状动脉造影及冠状动脉狭窄积分,进行统计学分析。结果显示PP≥60mmHg组的冠脉狭窄积分、冠脉狭窄率高于PP<60mmHg组(P<0.001)。分析冠心病的危险因素时,PP具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论PP增大是冠心病的独立危险因素,使冠状动脉的狭窄率、狭窄程度、累及的血管支数增加。     

老年冠心病患者脉压与冠脉病变程度的相关关系

目的探讨老年冠心病患者脉压(PP)水平与冠脉病变严重程度的相关关系。方法对257例入选患者行选择性冠脉造影术,并采用Gensini冠脉评分系统对病变严重程度进行定量记分,测量外周肱动脉血压并记录冠心病危险因素,统计分析PP与冠状动脉病变严重程度的相关性。结果冠心病患者中,随病变支数的增加、病变范围的增大以及冠脉狭窄程度危险分级的增高,PP逐渐增高,其中左主干病变者PP最高。校正其他混杂因素后PP每增加10mmHg,对数转换的Gensini积分平均可增加0.128(P=0.007)。SBP在总体冠心病患者中显著高于正常者,但各亚组与正常者差异不大,仅三支病变组显著高于正常组与单支病变组。各组平均动脉压未见有统计学意义,DBP则有逐渐减小的趋势。结论在冠心病人群中,PP与老年冠心病患者(≥60岁)冠脉病变严重程度独立相关,且相关性优于SBP及DBP。     

冠心病患者主动脉脉压与冠脉病变程度的关系

目的 探讨冠心病（CHD）患者主动脉脉压（PP）与冠脉病变程度的关系.方法 报道336例CHD患者,根据冠脉造影结果分为冠脉正常组、单支病变组、双支病变组、三支病变组四组,检查其Gensini积分（表示冠脉狭窄程度）及主动脉SBP、DBP、PP,分析各因素与冠脉狭窄程度的相关性.结果 PP≥60 mmHg患者的CHD发生率明显高于PP＜60 mmHg者（P＜0.01）.单因素分析显示,年龄、吸烟史、糖尿病史、SBP、PP、TG、冠脉病变支数与Gensini积分呈正相关,HDL-C与Gensini积分呈负相关（P均＜0.01）.多因素分析显示,年龄、吸烟史、HDL-C、PP与冠脉狭窄有相关性（P＜0.01或＜0.05）.结论 PP预测CHD的价值优于SBP、DBP,对CHD的早期防治及预后判定有重要作用.     

冠心病患者冠脉病变严重程度影响因素分析

目的 探讨冠心病患者冠状动脉(冠脉)病变严重程度的相关影响因素.方法 拟诊冠心病或确诊冠心病的住院患者340例,按冠脉造影结果分为冠脉正常组(120例)、单支病变组(78例)、双支病变组(66例)和三支病变组(76例).采用Gensini积分法评价冠脉狭窄程度.以Gensini积分为因变量,年龄、吸烟史、体质量指数(BMI)、主动脉收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、脉压差(PP)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、冠脉病变支数为自变量,进行Pearson直线相关分析和多元线性回归分析,建立多元回归方程.结果 Pearson直线相关分析显示年龄、吸烟史、SBP、PP、TG、HDL-C、冠脉病变支数与Gensini积分有关(r分别为0.20、0.28、0.15、0.19、0.57、-0.18、0.79,P均＜0.05);校正年龄性别后,仅PP与Gensini积分仍呈正相关(P＜0.05).多元线性回归分析结果显示脉压、年龄、吸烟史为影响冠心病患者冠状动脉狭窄程度的独立危险因素(P均＜0.05).所建立的多元回归方程为:y(Gensini积分)=16.018 +0.603×年龄(岁)+2.078×吸烟史(年)+0.298×PP(mmHg).结论 主动脉PP是冠脉病变严重程度的独立影响因素.     

血清脂联素水平与冠状动脉病变程度的关系

目的 :研究血清脂联素与冠状动脉 (冠脉 )病变狭窄程度的相关性以及对血管病变稳定性的预测价值。方法 :入选 10 5例男性患者 ,分为 3组 ,急性冠脉综合征 (ACS)患者 5 1例 ,稳定型心绞痛 (SAP)患者 2 9例 ,非冠心病对照组 2 5例 ,进行血清脂联素测定 ,采用Gensini积分系统评定冠脉血管病变狭窄程度。结果 :ACS组血清脂联素水平的对数值 [(0 .6 4± 0 .18)mg/L]明显低于SAP组和对照组 [(0 .81± 0 .2 1)、(0 .81± 0 .2 8)mg/L],均P <0 .0 1。而SAP组和对照组之间差异无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。脂联素与冠脉病变程度Gensini积分呈负相关 (r =- 0 .38,P <0 .0 1)。结论 :脂联素与冠脉狭窄程度以及稳定性显著相关 ,有助于临床评价冠心病病变程度及其进展。     

冠心病合并糖耐量异常患者冠脉病变特点及其危险因素研究

目的　探讨糖尿病前期冠脉病变的特点及危险因素。方法　 193例冠心病患者根据 1997年美国糖尿病学会诊断标准分为单纯冠心病组 12 2例 ,冠心病合并糖耐量异常组 39例 ,冠心病合并糖尿病组 32例 ,所有研究对象均行冠脉造影和口服 75 g葡萄糖耐量实验 ,检测血糖、胰岛素、血脂、血压、BUN、Cr。冠脉病变程度应用 CAG分析 ,冠脉狭窄程度根据 AHA分类标准评价 ,冠脉病变的危险因素应用多元逐步直线回归分析。结果　 (1)冠心病合并糖耐量异常组多支冠脉病变的发生率明显高于单纯冠心病组 (6 6 .5 % vs 35 .1% ,P <0 .0 5 )。冠脉狭窄程度 (8.9± 3.6 vs 6 .5± 3.9,P<0 .0 5 )及钙化的程度明显高于单纯冠心病组 (6 .6± 6 .1vs 3.9± 4 .1,P <0 .0 5 ) ,冠脉远端的病变发生率明显高于单纯冠心病组 (40 .8% vs 13.1% ,P <0 .0 5 )。 (2 )冠心病合并糖耐量异常组与冠心病合并糖尿病组相比 ,多支冠脉病变的发生率、冠脉粥样硬化及钙化的程度及冠脉远端的病变发生率差异性不明显。(3)血脂、胰岛素、血压、肥胖与冠脉粥样硬化程度有明显相关性。结论　与糖尿病患者相似 ,糖耐量异常患者多支冠脉病变的发生率明显升高 ,病变多呈弥漫性狭窄 ,远端血管病变发生率较高 ,程度严重 ,血脂、胰岛素、血压、肥胖为发生冠脉     

高血压患者脉压与冠状动脉狭窄程度

目的探讨高血压患者脉压(PP)与冠状动脉狭窄的关系.方法 279 例高血压(EH)患者均行冠状动脉造影及冠状动脉狭窄积分,进行统计学分析.结果显示PP≥60 mm Hg组的冠脉狭窄积分、冠脉狭窄率高于PP<60 mm Hg组( P<0.001).分析冠心病的危险因素时,PP具有统计学意义( P<0.05).结论 PP增大是冠心病的独立危险因素,使冠状动脉的狭窄率、狭窄程度、累及的血管支数增加.     

冠状动脉长病变的冠状动脉腔内介入治疗

目的　探讨冠状动脉长病变的冠状动脉腔内介入性治疗 (PCI)的效果。方法　回顾性分析 5 3例冠状动脉长病变的 PCI结果。结果　冠状动脉长病变的 PCI成功率为 94%。结论　介入技术的提高、器械药物的合理应用使冠状动脉长病变的 PCI效果满意。     

Combined dissection of the right coronary artery and right coronary cusp during coronary angiography

Dissection of coronary arteries during diagnostic coronary angiography is infrequent; dissection of the coronary cusp is extremely rare. The combination of coronary artery and coronary cusp dissection has not been reported previously. A case of right coronary artery dissection and right coronary cusp dissection during diagnostic coronary angiography is described. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Multiple fistulae connecting the right coronary artery to the coronary sinus

Right coronary artery to coronary sinus fistula is a rare anomaly. We present a unique case of an adult patient with multiple fistulae from the right coronary artery draining into the coronary sinus near the posterior left atrium-left ventricle junction, first suspected by transthoracic two-dimensional echocardiography. The multiple openings were not seen by any invasive or noninvasive techniques and were noted only at the time of surgery. To our knowledge, this is the first case of multiple fistulae connecting the right coronary artery to the coronary sinus that has been reported in the English literature.     

Comparison of the coronary calcium score with the estimated coronary risk

OBJECTIVES: The role of coronary calcium scoring in coronary risk estimation is not well established. Calcium scoring could provide additional information in a certain subgroup of patients where the calcium score does not match the conventional Framingham risk estimates. We explored the characteristics of such a subgroup. METHODS: The study participants were 1653 asymptomatic persons who underwent routine health screening and calcium scoring using the 16-slice multidetector computed tomography. Risk stratification was performed in five categories both by 10-year Framingham coronary risk and the Agatston coronary calcium score. RESULTS: Risk stratifications by coronary calcium score and absolute risk showed a large discrepancy (difference > or =3 classes) in about 9% of participants. The proportion increased with age (P for trend <0.0001). An exploratory analysis revealed that age (partial R=0.109, P<0.0001) and the presence of the metabolic syndrome (partial R=0.025, P<0.001) were independent variables that accounted for the variance of the residual of regression between the log-transformed value of coronary calcium score and the absolute risk. CONCLUSION: Calcium scoring may be clinically more useful in older (> or =50 years) participants and/or in participants with the metabolic syndrome because of the relatively higher probability of obtaining additional information that the conventional Framingham risk estimation cannot provide.     

Single coronary ostium - a right coronary artery arising from the left main coronary artery

Single coronary ostium is a very rare congenital anomaly with an incidence of 0.024% in angiographic series. This is the third case of Shirani-Roberts subtype IB4: solitary ostium in the left coronary sinus associated with a retroaortic-coursing right coronary artery that arises from the left main coronary artery. The patient is a 45-year-old male with no past medical history, and who was seen in the clinic for evaluation of a murmur. Echocardiography showed rheumatic heart disease with mild mitral regurgitation and moderate aortic regurgitation; no shunts were present. Coronary and aortic root angiography did not show a vessel originating from the right coronary cusp. The right coronary artery originated from the left main coronary artery and had an aberrant course which was dorsal to the ascending aorta. No associated congenital heart disease was present.     

Prolonged coronary splinting in the management of acute coronary closure

Acute closure is an infrequent but serious complication of PTCA that is often unsuccessfully treated by repeat dilatation. Two patients with acute closure refractory to repeat conventional PTCA were treated with prolonged coronary “splinting” using low-pressure reperfusion catheter balloon inflations of 11 and 15 h duration. The patients developed no chest pain or ST-segment changes during this period. The serum creatine kinase rose to 738 and 372 U/L, respectively. Neither patient evolved a Q-wave myocardial infarction. Both patients remain asymptomatic after 6 months of follow-up.