乳腺癌Lewis X和唾液酸化Lewis X表达研究

目的：研究Lewis X（LeX）和唾液酸化Lewis X（sLeX）在乳腺癌组织中表达状况及其与肿瘤发生、分化、转移及预后的关系。方法：应用催化信号放大法（CSA）检测120例乳腺癌、71例转移淋巴结和30例远离癌组织的正常乳腺组织上皮细胞LeX和sLeX的表达状况。结果：LeX和sLeX阳性物质在远离癌组织的正常乳腺组织上皮细胞中阳性率分别为70．0％（21／30）和20．0％（6／30），而在乳腺癌组织中阳性率分别为81．7％（98／120）和86．7％（104／120），转移淋巴结标本中阳性率分别为66．2％（47／71）和88．7％（63／71）。结论：癌细胞膜Lewis糖抗原异常糖基的形成及其唾液酸化，可能与肿瘩转移行为有关。sLeX可以作为预测乳腺癌侵袭、转移的肿瘩相关抗原，对评估患者预后较LeX具有更重要的临床意义。     

唾液酸化Lewis X 在大肠癌中的表达研究

目的探讨大肠癌组织中唾液酸化LewisX(sialyl-LewisX)的表达状况和分布特点,以及与肿瘤发生发展、转移的关系.方法应用免疫组化微波-LSAB法,对90例大肠癌及30例正常粘膜组织进行Sialyl-LewisX检测,并进一步用胶体金免疫电镜技术对阳性物质的分布特征进行观察.结果大肠癌组织中83例呈Sialyl-LewisX阳性表达,阳性率为92.2%;正常大肠粘膜中5例呈弱阳性表达,阳性率仅为16.7%.Sialyl-LewisX表达阳性率在伴有淋巴结转移的大肠癌中为100%,显著高于无淋巴结转移者(82.1%)(P<0.01).免疫电镜显示,在阳性癌细胞中Sialyl-LewisX主要分布于细胞浆的界膜、内质网、高尔基体及近细胞核膜处,而在正常粘膜则主要分布于细胞浆的界膜处.结论Sialyl-LewisX表达与大肠癌的发生发展及其生物学行为有关,它可能是通过改变糖链的糖基及其构型而参与肿瘤的侵袭和转移过程.     

大肠癌唾液酸化Lewis X表达的临床意义

目的 :探讨大肠癌组织中细胞粘附分子唾液酸化LewisX表达状况与肿瘤发生、分化、转移及预后的关系。方法 :应用免疫组织化学催化信号放大法 (catalyzedsignalamplification ,CSA)和计算机图像分析技术 ,对 90例大肠癌原发癌灶、距肿瘤边缘 2cm的癌旁粘膜组织、远离癌组织 10cm以上的非癌大肠粘膜以及 5 1例转移淋巴结进行唾液酸化LewisX表达和反应强度进行比较 ,并对其中 5 3例患者进行随访。结果 :唾液酸化LewisX阳性物质在远离癌组织的非癌大肠粘膜中阳性率为 16 .7% (15 / 90 ) ,主要位于腺腔缘游离面 ;癌旁粘膜组织阳性率为 83.3% (75 / 90 ) ,主要位于细胞浆和 /或腺腔缘游离面 ;大肠癌组织中唾液酸化LewisX阳性表达率为 94 .4 % (85 / 90 ) ,主要分布于癌组织腺管细胞膜、细胞浆以及粘液腺癌的粘液湖内。转移淋巴结中唾液酸化LewisX阳性率为 96 .1% (49/ 5 1)。图像分析 :唾液酸化LewisX阳性细胞平均积分光密度值在低分化腺癌中显著高于高、中分化腺癌和粘液癌 (P <0 .0 1) ;有淋巴结转移者显著高于无淋巴结转移者 (P <0 .0 1) ;5年内死亡病例显著高于生存病例 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :唾液酸化LewisX表达阳性率和反应强度对反映大肠癌组织发生发展、判断恶性程度、预测转移和评估患者预后具有重要意     

The lack of correlation between mast cells and microvessel density with pathologic feature of renal cell carcinoma

Objective  

The growth of solid tumors requires angiogenesis. Evidence indicates that mast cells (MCs) play an important role in tumor angiogenesis but results are not definitive. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible effects of angiogenesis and the presence of MCs on the prognosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC).     

Sialyl Lewis-X,CD44v6和E-cadherin表达与肝细胞癌转移和预后的关系

目的：探讨唾液酸化的路易斯寡酶－X（sialyl Lewis-X,SLeX)抗原，CD44v6和E－上皮钙粘附素（E－cadherin,ED)蛋白表达与肝细胞癌（HCC）转移和预后的关系。方法：应用免疫组织化学方法，检测110例HCC组织中SLeX,CD44v6及ED蛋白表达，结合随访资料分析。结果：在HCC中，SLeX,CD44v6和ED阳性表达率分别为39．1％（43／110），42．7％（47／110）和44．5％（49／110），SLeX和CD44v6阳性表达及ED阴性表达的HCC转移率高（P＜0．05），分化程度差和患者大于5年生存率低（P＜0．05），结论：SLeX,CD,44v6和ED表达与HCC转移和患者生成期密切相关，检测SLeX,CD44v6和ED蛋白的表达可作为判断HCC预后的参考指标。     

肾嫌色细胞癌临床与病理学特点分析

目的探讨肾嫌色细胞癌的临床及病理学特点，提高对此病的诊治水平。方法总结19例肾嫌色细胞癌患者的临床及病理资料。男10例，女9例。平均年龄53岁。左侧9例，右侧10例。偶发12例，7例有肉眼血尿、腰痛不适和腹部包块等症状。结果B超主要表现为包膜完整的低回声肿块。CT扫描肿瘤多为均匀低密度，边界清晰。肿瘤平均直径8．2cm。TNM分期T1N0M0 8例，T2N0M0 11例。行根治性肾切除17例，肾部分切除2例。16例获得随访，随访时间3个月～16年，平均无瘤生存4．8年。病理特点：肿瘤大体标本多为均匀深棕色实体，1例瘤体中央有纤维瘢痕；光镜下瘤细胞由典型型和嗜酸型两种细胞组成，胞膜清晰；免疫组化检测CK8阳性、Vimentin阴性；Hale胶体铁染色阳性；电镜下胞质内有大量膜性小空泡。结论肾嫌色细胞癌具有独特的形态学特点。B超、CT检查缺乏特异性。多数病例瘤体较大，但TNM分期多为早期，预后良好。     

p53 expression in correlation to clinical outcome in patients with renal cell carcinoma

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of p53 as prognostic factor in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and its relation to clinicopathological factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The nuclear accumulation of p53 protein was determined by immunohistochemical analysis in RCC specimens from 90 patients and was correlated with clinical stage, grade, DNA ploidy, S-phase fraction and cancer-specific survival. RESULTS: p53 overexpression was observed in 17 of 90 (19%) tumours. There was a significant correlation to stage (p = 0.016) and grade (p = 0.020) but not to DNA ploidy or S-phase. Patients with high p53 immunoreactivity had shorter cancer-specific survival (p = 0.003) than those with normal p53 protein expression. This difference was found in papillary and chromophobe tumour types (p < 0.0001) but not in conventional RCC. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with RCC, significant correlations between p53 protein expression and tumour stage, grade and survival time were observed. For patients with chromophobe and papillary tumour types, but not in conventional RCC, p53 immunoreactivity gave prognostic information, suggesting that the prognostic differences in p53 immunoreactivity might be due to disparate genetic abnormalities in the different RCC types.     

Association of EMMPRIN and fascin expression in renal cell carcinoma: correlation with clinicopathological parameters

EMMPRIN and fascin are important factors in tumor invasion and progression. We tested the hypothesis that expression of EMMPRIN and fascin correlate with clinicopathological parameters of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Immunohistochemical analysis of EMMPRIN and fascin were performed in tissue microarrays of 100 surgical specimens, including 35 clear-cell RCC (CRCC), 21 clear-cell RCC with granular differentiation (GRCC), 12 chromophobe RCC (ChRCC), 8 papillary RCC (PRCC), 9 carcinoma of the collecting duct of Bellini (CDC), 10 clear-cell RCC with sarcomatoid differentiation (SRCC), and 6 metastatic RCC. Average immunoscores of EMMPRIN were 100.8 in CRCC, 195.2 in GRCC, 298.4 in ChRCC, 219.2 in PRCC, 186.1 in CDC, 226.9 in SRCC, and 151.7 in metastatic RCC. Among all included cases, average EMMPRIN immunoscores were 84.6 in grade I, 130.4 in grade II, 184.3 in grade III, and 223.5 in grade IV. Additionally, average immunostaining scores of fascin were 53.6 in CRCC, 289.3 in GRCC, 193.3 in ChRCC, 151.8 in PRCC, 181.3 in CDC, 275.4 in SRCC, and 131.7 in metastatic RCC. Average fascin immunoscores were 59.3 in grade I, 91.6 in grade II, 130.2 in grade III, and 194.7 in grade IV. Higher EMMPRIN and fascin immunoscores also correlated significantly with TNM stages and survival rates in RCC. Significant correlation was found between EMMPRIN and fascin expression. In conclusion, higher expression of EMMPRIN and fascin correlate significantly with histological grades, clinical stages, and survival rates of RCC     

肾细胞癌的不典型CT、MRI表现

目的　分析肾细胞癌 (RCC)的不典型CT、MRI表现 ,探讨如何提高CT、MRI对RCC的诊断正确率。　方法　回顾分析 10 0例经手术、病理证实的RCC。男 71例 ,女 2 9例。年龄 2 9～ 75岁 ,平均5 5岁。其中透明细胞癌 82例、混合细胞癌 8例、颗粒细胞癌 5例、乳头状癌 4例、肉瘤样肾细胞癌 1例。共 10 1个瘤灶 ,最大径为 0 .8～ 9.0cm ,平均 4 .3cm。总结RCC的典型CT、MRI表现 ,统计不典型CT、MRI表现的RCC病例 ,并与手术、病理结果对照。　结果　 17例RCC在CT、MRI上呈不典型表现 ,分为四类 :少血供RCC :12例 ,其中透明细胞癌 3例、混合细胞癌 1例、颗粒细胞癌 5例、乳头状癌 3例 ;囊性RCC :3例 ,均为透明细胞癌 ;RCC合并大片出血 :1例 ,为乳头状癌 ;直径 <1cm的RCC :1例 ,为透明细胞癌。　结论　正确认识少血供及囊性RCC的CT、MRI表现 ,采用适当的扫描方法及仔细阅片有助于提高对RCC的诊断正确率。     

The expression of renal antigens in renal cell carcinoma

Summary Monoclonal antibodies recognizing various structures of the nephron were used to stain renal cell carcinomas and associated metastases. Generally, renal cell carcinoma is subdivided into tumors of a clear-cell type, tumors of a mixed-clear-cell/granular-cell type, and tumors in which spindle cells are present. The staining patterns observed with the monoclonal antibodies used correlated in part with the histological appearance of the carcinomas. One monoclonal antibody did not stain other carcinomas, sarcomas and melanomas tested. Notably the same monoclonal antibody stained 75% of primary tumors, whereas only 16% of metastases were stained. This finding indicates that metastases exist which are made up of less well-differentiated tumor cells than the primary tumors.