a—2b干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝炎的前瞻性对照研究

在６２例慢性乙型肝炎（乙肝）患者中，３８例（治疗组）接受重组ａ－２ｂ干扰素治疗，２４例（对照组）接受抗乙肝免疫抗乙肝免疫核糖核酸治疗。结果表明，治疗组ＨＢｅＡｇ和ＨＢＶ ＤＮＡ清除率明显高于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０５），血清ＡＬＴ水平明显升高的患者（ＡＬＴ〉７０Ｕ）及慢性活动型肝炎患者对干扰素的治疗反应明显优于ＡＬＴ正常及慢性迁延型肝炎病人（Ｐ〈０．０５）。     

α1b—干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝炎与慢性丙型肝炎疗效比较

目的研究国产干扰素（α１ｂ－ＩＦＮ）对慢性乙型肝炎（ＣＢＨ）与慢性丙型肝炎（ＣＨＣ）疗效差异方法对４６例ＣＢＨ与３９例ＣＨＣ患者分别采取用α１ｂ－ＩＦＮ３００万Ｕ隔日一次，疗程３ｍｏ，同时设立对照组ＣＢＨ５７例，ＣＨＣ３３例，于治疗前、治疗后８ｗｋ、治疗结束及治疗后０．５ａ采血清测ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＢｅＡｇＨＢＶ、ＤＮＡ、ＨＣＶ、ＲＮＡ并动态观察丙氨酸转氨酶（ＡＬＴ）变化结果对ＣＢＨ及ＣＨＣ的ＡＬＴ复常效果皆优于对照组，并且ＩＦＮ对ＣＨＣ疗效优于ＣＢＨ（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＩＦＮ对ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＢｅＡｇ阴转疗效皆不明显（Ｐ＜０．０５），但对ＨＢＶ．ＤＮＡ阴转疗效明显（Ｐ＜０．０５），对ＨＣＶ．ＲＮＡ阴转有明显疗效（Ｐ＜０．０１），并且ＩＦＮ对ＨＣＶ．ＲＮＡ阴转疗效明显优于ＨＢＶ．ＤＮＡ（Ｐ＜０．０５）结论提示ＩＦＮ对ＣＨＣ疗效优于ＣＢＨ。     

苦豆合剂伍α－干扰素穴位封闭治疗慢性乙型活动性肝炎疗效观察

１９８６～１９９２年我们运用苦豆合剂伍小剂量α－干扰素治疗１４８例慢性乙型活动性肝炎（ＣＡＨ），并以４４例保肝治疗的ＣＡＨ患者作对照，发现治疗组疗效显著优于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），乙肝病毒标志物ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＢｅＡｇ阴转，抗－ＨＢｅ阳转方面，治疗组优于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。作者对干扰素和苦豆合剂作用机理作了探讨。     

乙肝导向干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝炎的研究

研究乙肝导向干扰素对慢性乙型肝炎的治疗效果。应用北京靶向生物制品研究所试制的乙肝导向干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝炎１５例，同时设对照组１５例。结果显示，经乙肝导向干扰素治疗后，血清ＡＬＴ复常率为８６．６７％，优于对照组的４６．６７％，两组比较有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。血清ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＢｅＡｇ、ＨＢＶＤＮＡ的阴转率分别为４０％、６０％、６６．６７％，均明显优于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示乙肝导向干扰素对慢性乙型肝炎具有较好的疗效，而且与大剂量干扰素相对比，具有用量小、副作用小、费用低等优点，值得进一步探讨。     

乙肝导向干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝炎的研究

研究乙肝导向干扰素对慢性乙型肝炎的治疗效果。应用北京靶向生物制品研究所试制的乙肝导向干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝为１５例，同时设对照组１５例．结果显示，经乙肝导干扰素治疗后，血清ＡＬＴ复常率普８６．６７％，优于对照组的４６．６７％，两组比较有显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０１）。血清ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＢｅＡｇ、ＨＢＶ ＤＮＡ的阴转率分别为４０％、６０％、６６．６７％，均明显优于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０１）。提示乙肝导向干扰素     

各型病毒性肝炎血清β_2微球蛋白放免测定的意义

应用放射免疫法测定１２４例（观察组）各型肝炎患者及２０例非肝病患者（对照组）血清β２微球蛋白（β２Ｍ）含量。结果表明：急肝（ＡＨ）、慢活肝（ＣＡＨ）、肝硬化（ＬＣ）、重肝（ＦＨ）患者β２Ｍ明显高于慢迁肝（ＣＰＨ）和对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＡＨ、ＣＡＨ、ＬＣ、ＦＨ之间及ＣＰＨ与对照组之间无明显差异（Ｐ＞０．０５），观察组β２Ｍ与ＡＬＴ、ＡＳＴ无明显相关（Ｐ＞０．０５），与总胆红素（Ｔ、Ｂ）呈正相关关系（Ｐ＜０．０１）。观察组３５例治疗好转后β２Ｍ明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示β２Ｍ与肝病变程度有关，对判断肝炎病情、预后有一定临床意义。     

虫草术酱汤治疗慢性乙型肝炎及肝炎后肝硬化疗效评价

目的对虫草术酱汤治疗慢性乙型肝炎（慢乙肝）及肝炎后肝硬化疗效进行评价。②方法２４０例慢乙肝和肝炎后肝硬化病人，随机分为治疗组与对照组，其中治疗组１２０例采用虫草术酱汤治疗，对照组给予西药保肝、对症、支持治疗。③结果治疗组的基本治愈及总有效率分别为６８．３％及８０．８％，对照组为１５．０％及２８．３％．治疗组ＡＴＬ与ＡＬＢ的疗效明显优于对照组（χ２＝９．０５，６．９８，Ｐ均＜０．０１）。治疗组ＨＢｅＡｇ与ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阴转的疗效与对照组比较差异有极显著性（χ２＝４５．４５，３１．０５，Ｐ均＜０．０１）。随访１年，治疗组复发率为９．４％，对照组３８．６％，两组比较差异有极显著性（χ２＝１４．４７，Ｐ＜０．０１）。④结论虫草术酱汤对慢乙肝及肝炎后肝硬化有较好的治疗作用     

长疗程低剂量α－干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝炎及丙型肝炎的疗效分析

目的：评价长疗程低剂量α－干扰素口含片治疗慢性乙型肝炎及丙型肝炎的疗效。方法：采用大样本随机双盲对照实验设计，以检验患者血清学指征为判断疗效的主要标志。结果：慢性乙型肝炎α－干扰素组血清ＨＢＶＤＮＡ阴转率、ＨＢｅＡｇ阴转率和抗－ＨＢｅ阳转率均显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），而慢性丙型肝炎α－干扰素组血清ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阴转率亦显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：长疗程低剂量α－干扰素口含给药治疗慢性肝炎与大剂量注射给药相比，其疗效相似，但其使用方便、价廉和副反应轻。     

加上柴胡汤与病毒唑联且治疗慢性乙型肝炎

目的：探讨加味小柴胡汤与病毒唑联用对慢性乙肝的治疗作用。方法：１１２例慢性乙肝患者随机分为治疗组,对照组。治疗组５７例,以病毒唑静滴,联用加味小柴胡汤煎服,对照组５５例单用病毒唑静滴,现代化且疗程相同。结果：两组ＡＬＴ复常率无明显差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）,但ＡＬＴ复常时间治疗明显短于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０５）。ＨＢｅＡｇ阴转率及ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阴转率治疗组较对照组为优（Ｐ〈０．０５）。结论：此方案治疗慢性乙     

香菇多糖联合乙肝疫苗治疗慢性乙肝疗效观察

香菇多糖联合乙肝疫苗治疗慢性乙型肝炎２４例，与对照组国产α－２ｂ干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝炎２０例对照，治疗组ＡＬＴ复常率７５％，ＨＢｅＡｇ阴转率５４．１２％，ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阴转率为４５．８３％，与对照组疗效无明显差异（Ｐ〉０．０５），干扰素治疗慢性乙型肝炎疗效肯定，香菇多糖联合乙肝疫苗治疗慢性乙型肝炎，较之干扰素治疗价格便宜，毒副作用少，值得临床推广。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.