多普勒超声联合口服西地那非评价阴茎血流动力学

目的 探讨多普勒超声联合口服枸橼酸西地那非(万艾可)评价血管性勃起功能障碍(ED)的临床价值.方法 选择血管性ED患者8例(ED组)、勃起功能正常的志愿者10名(勃起功能正常组),口服枸橼酸西地那非后勃起达最佳状态时,采用多普勒超声进行纵、横切面扫查并观测,观测指标包括阴茎深动脉收缩期最大流速(PSV)、舒张末期流速(EDV)、阻力指数(RI).结果 所有受检者均顺利完成检查并进行成功观测.与勃起功能正常组比较,ED组患者的阴茎深动脉PSV明显降低.结论 多普勒超声联合口服枸橼酸西地那非可以检测出血管性ED患者的阴茎深动脉血流速度异常,且该方法具有无创、安全、易接受、操作简便的特点,临床运用前景良好.     

彩色多普勒超声对血管性阴茎勃起功能障碍诊断的价值

目的评估彩色多普勒超声(CDUS)在血管性阴茎勃起功能障碍(ED)诊断中的临床价值。方法用CDUS检测45例ED患者药物诱导阴茎勃起前、后阴茎海绵体动脉和背深静脉血流动力学情况。结果45例中非血管性ED22例(48.9%),动脉性ED12例(26.7%),静脉性ED11例(24.4%)。勃起时动、静脉性ED组阴茎海绵体动脉PSV、EDV及RI均明显低于非血管性ED组,而疲软时前两组PSV与后一组间无显著性差异。静脉性ED组阴茎背深静脉血流主要表现为持续血流信号,而非血管性和动脉性ED组则不然。结论彩色多普勒超声对诊断血管性ED有重要意义。     

彩色多普勒超声检查在血管性勃起功能障碍诊断中的应用

目的评估彩色多普勒超声(CDUS)在血管性阴茎勃起功能障碍(ED)诊断中的临床价值。方法用CDUS检测45例ED患者药物诱导阴茎勃起前、后阴茎海绵体动脉和背深静脉血流动力学情况。结果45例中非血管性ED22例(48.9%),动脉性ED12例(26.7%),静脉性ED11例(24.4%)。勃起时动、静脉性ED组阴茎海绵体动脉收缩期峰值流速(PSV)、阻力指数(EDV)及RI均明显低于非血管性ED组,而疲软时前两组PSV与后一组间无显著性差异。静脉性ED组阴茎背深静脉血流主要表现为持续血流信号,而非血管性和动脉性ED组则不然。结论彩色多普勒超声对诊断血管性ED有重要意义。     

彩色多普勒超声结合海绵体药物注射在阴茎勃起功能障碍诊断中的应用

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声结合海绵体药物注射（ICI）在阴茎勃起功能障碍（ED）诊断中的应用价值。方法117例ED患者阴茎海绵体内注入罂粟碱注射液30mg诱导阴茎勃起,应用超声观测注药前后海绵体动脉内径、收缩期峰值流速（PSV）、舒张末期流速（EDV）及阻力指数（RI）。结果注药后阴茎勃起正常46例（39．32％）,其海绵体动脉PSV≥135cm／S,EDV〈5cm／s,RI≥1．0。血管性ED中,动脉性ED24例（20．5％）,海绵体动脉PSV〈35cm／s,EDV〈5cm／s;静脉性ED30例（25．6％）,海绵体动脉PSV≥35cm／s,EDV≥5cm／s;混合性ED17例（14．5％）,海绵体动脉PSV〈35cm／s,EDV≥5cm／s。所有血管性ED患者RI〈1．0,注药后动脉内径无明显差异。结论彩色多普勒超声与ICI结合是诊断血管性ED一种可靠的检查方法。     

彩色多普勒超声在诊断阴茎勃起功能障碍中的应用

目的 评估彩色多普勒超声在诊断阴茎勃起功能障碍(erectile dysfunction,ED)中的临床应用价值.方法 应用彩色多普勒超声检测116例疑似血管性勃起功能障碍患者,观察海绵体注射血管活性药物前后阴茎海绵体动脉血流动力学变化情况.结果 非血管性勃起功能障碍48例((41.38%),动脉性勃起功能障碍6例((5.17%),静脉性勃起功能障碍26例(22.4100),疑似静脉性勃起功能障碍24例((20.69%),混合性勃起功能障碍12例(10.35%).注射血管活性药物勃起后非血管性ED组的收缩期峰值流速((PSV)、舒张末期流速(EDV)及阻力指数(RD的数值高于动脉性ED组、静脉性ED组、混合性ED组(P<0.05).静脉性ED组阴茎背深静脉血流速度(DDVV)高于非血管性ED组及动脉性ED组,有显著性差异(P<0.05).结论 彩色多普勒超声技术是目前诊断血管性勃起功能障碍的一种微创而可靠的检查方法,其能够定量反应阴茎的血流动力学状态,为合理治疗勃起功能障碍提供有价值的诊断依据.     

彩色多普勒超声在诊断阴茎勃起功能障碍中的应用价值

目的 评估彩色多普勒超声在诊断阴茎勃起功能障碍(erectile dysfunction,ED)中的临床应用价值.方法 应用彩色多普勒超声检测79例疑似为血管性勃起功能障碍患者,观察海绵体注射血管活性药物前后阴茎海绵体动脉血流动力学变化情况,测量并加以分析阴茎探动脉收缩期最大血流速度(PSV)、舒张末期最小流速(EDV)、海绵体动脉血流阻力指数(RI)以及阴茎背深静脉的血流状态.结果 非血管性ED 23例(29.1％),动脉性ED 35例(44.3％),静脉性ED 21例(26.6％).注射血管活性药物后非血管性ED组的收缩期峰值流速(PSV),舒张期流速(EDV)及阻力指数(RI)的数值高于动脉性ED组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 彩色多普勒超声技术是目前诊断血管性勃起功能障碍的一种微创而可靠地检查方法,其能够定量反应阴茎的血流动力学状态,为合理治疗勃起功能障碍提供有价值的诊断依据.     

多普勒联合口服Ⅴ型磷酸二酯酶抑制剂评价勃起功能障碍的研究进展

勃起功能障碍（ED）是临床常见的疾病。ED分为心理性、器质性和混合性;其中器质性ED中以血管性最为常见。多普勒超声技术作为血流动力学评价的无创技术已成为诊断血管性ED的首选方法,多普勒超声联合口服Ⅴ型磷酸二酯酶抑制剂（PDE5）是诊断血管性ED的一种新技术。本文旨在对口服PDE5联合彩色多普勒评价ED的技术和临床价值进行综述。     

阴茎海绵体破裂彩色多普勒超声表现1例

患男．25岁。因阴茎疼痛、青紫肿胀6h急诊行超声检查，患6h前在性交时用力过度，误将勃起茎顶到女方的耻骨联合上．顿时听到低沉断裂声．随后阴茎疲软．感觉轻微疼痛．不久阴茎、旧囊肿胀．皮肤紫黑色．因而就诊。查体：急性痛苦面容，心肺(-)，肝脾(-)，生理反射正常，病理反射(-)。阴茎歪向左侧．阴茎、阴囊肿大，皮肤吴紫黑色．     

彩色多普勒超声测量背深静脉在诊断阴茎静脉性勃起功能障碍中的作用

目的 评估彩色多普勒超声测量阴茎背深静脉在对静脉性勃起功能障碍(ED)诊断中的价值.方法 回顾应用彩色多普勒超声及阴茎海绵体造影检查70例临床疑似静脉性ED患者注射药物后的阴茎勃起情况,按不同的CDUS检查方法将本组患者分为两组:未测背深静脉诊断静脉性ED组和测量背深静脉诊断静脉性ED组,并与CG结果进行比较.结果 CDUS未测量背深静脉诊断为静脉性ED灵敏度为45.46％,特异度为100％,与CG之间一致性较差(Kappa=0.382),测量背深静脉后诊断为静脉性ED灵敏度为100％,特异度为76.92％,与CG之间一致性较好(Kappa=0.807).结论 CDUS测量背深静脉在诊断静脉性ED中起到重要的作用.     

彩色多普勒超声在甲亢动脉栓塞治疗中的应用

目的：探讨甲状腺动脉栓塞治疗甲亢前后CDI特点及变化规律,方法：12例甲亢患者行甲状腺动脉栓塞术,术前后用彩超观察腺体回声,测量其大小及动脉内径,PWD测量Vs,Vd,Vm,PI,RI,计算血流量,结果：术前腺体增大为弥漫性,均质或非均质性低回声,部分有结节,腺体内血管多而粗,术后腺体缩小,回声增强增粗,血管变细而少,放置钢圈处呈线样强光带,无血流显示,血流参数术前后比较,除双甲状腺下动脉PI,RI略降低处,余均有显著差异（P＜0．05－0．001）,结论：甲状腺动脉栓塞术治疗甲亢是一种新方法,近期效果明显,对术前明确诊断,术后效果观察具有重要价值。     

彩色多普勒超声在诊断隐睾症的应用

报道３４例隐睾症，术前应用彩色多普勒超声定位，测定大小、内部结构及血流。术后证实，符合率９１％。本文显示彩超对隐睾症的诊断具有较高的价值     

彩色多普勒超声在阴囊急症中的应用

应用彩色多普勒超声（ＣＤＳ）评价３７例急性阴囊疼痛患者。采用直接探测法及低速血流设置。与健侧阴囊ＣＤＳ表现相比较，将患侧阴囊ＣＤＳ结果分为正常血流灌注、低血流灌注、无血流灌注和高血流灌注。结果显示：以睾丸内无血流灌注诊断睾丸扭转５例，敏感性和特异性均为１００％。以睾丸和附睾内高血流灌注诊断睾丸炎及附睾炎的敏感性为８３．３％，特异性为１００％，准确性为８９．２％。表明ＣＤＳ可准确地区分睾丸扭转和炎症，是一种评价急性阴囊肿瘤准确可靠及临床价值较高的方法     

Role of Spectral Doppler Sonography in the Evaluation of Partial Testicular Torsion

Objective. The purpose of this series was to evaluate the role of spectral Doppler and color flow Doppler sonography in the evaluation of partial testicular torsion. Methods. Eight cases of partial testicular torsion, diagnosed on the basis of abnormal spectral Doppler waveforms or abnormal color flow Doppler findings, were retrospectively pooled from 2 teaching hospitals. Results. The age group ranged from 4 to 85 years. Testicles with partial testicular torsion showed variable spectral Doppler patterns, including increased, similar, or decreased amplitude of the arterial waveform relative to the contralateral testicle. Two cases showed reversal of arterial diastolic flow, and 1 case showed diastolic flow variability within the same testicle. Decreased blood flow was observed on color flow Doppler sonography in 7 of the 8 patients. Conclusions. Variability of the Doppler waveform when compared with the contralateral testicle and reversal of diastolic blood flow are indirect clues that aid in the diagnosis of partial testicular torsion.     

彩色多普勒联合脉冲多普勒诊断小肝癌的研究

本文就经手术及/或病理证实的≤3cm的肝内占位性病变56例(71个病灶)进行了彩色多普勒(DCFI)和脉冲多普勒(PD)的联合研究,其中原发性肝癌38例,肝血管瘤13例,肝局灶凝固性坏死3例,其它2例。DCFI与PD联合应用,在小肝癌中有86.96％可检测到动脉谱,而肝血管瘤和肝良性肿瘤组中仅分别为37％和33％,显著低于小肝癌组,多普勒流速和阻力指数(RI)显示流速在小肝癌与肝血管瘤等组之间无显著差异,如以肝小病灶内出现彩条并且测及动脉谱和RI>50％作为诊断小肝癌的指标,则其诊断小肝癌的特异性(96％)、准确性(90.14％)均显著高于单纯的二维超声(分别为56％和67.6%),而敏感性(86.96%)亦高于单纯的二维超声。作者认为彩色多普勒和脉冲多普勒联合应用可作为小肝癌诊断的新的手段。     

多普勒超声在阴茎血流动力学检查中的应用

目的：研究多普勒超声在男性阴茎勃起功能障碍又称阳痿(ED)患者阴茎血流动力学检查中的作用。方法：120例ED患者使用多普勒超声阳痿诊断系统进行检查，在阴茎注射血管活性剂诱导勃起后，分别测量双侧阴茎海绵体动脉收缩期峰值流速(PSV)，舒张末期流速(EDV)以及阻力指数(RI)。结果：发现动脉性ED 23例(19．2％)；静脉性ED 39例(32．5％)；非血管性ED 58例(48．3％)。结论：多普勒超声在男性ED病因检查中具有较重要的应用价值。     

Transcranial Doppler Sonography in Headache-Free Migraineurs

SYNOPSIS
We used transcranial Doppler ultrasonography to determine whether intracranial blood velocities in 182 headache-free migraineurs (60 with aura, 122 without aura) differed from velocities in 38 nonheadache prone control subjects. During the headache-free period, migraineurs with and without aura had significantly elevated mean velocities in all intracranial arteries except the right internal carotid artery at the level of the siphon. Velocities in migraineurs with aura did not differ significantly from velocities in those without aura.
Markedly increased velocities were noted in a subset of interictal migraineurs. Two explanations are possible: 1) Blood flow velocities may increase in response to a decrease in the cross sectional area of a vessel st or near the point of insonation. 2) Alterations at the level of the cerebral arteriole may affect regional cerebral blood flow, thereby changing blood flow velocities at the point of insonation. Transcranial Doppler sonography alone cannot sort out which process is responsible for the vascular response.
This work may have therapeutic as well as diagnostic implications. When interictal flow velocities are markedly increased, it is possible that therapeutic agents with vasoconstrictor action might cause an excessive response. Further study is needed to clarify the sites of vasoreactivity as well as the magnitude of drug-induced vasoconstrictor response.     

Renal Venous Doppler Sonography in Preeclampsia

Objective. The elevation in blood pressure associated with preeclampsia appears to be associated with a shift in the renal pressure natriuresis curve. Pressure natriuresis is modulated by renal medullary pressure. In obstructive uropathy, Doppler sonography has been used to indicate changes in renal venous impedance, possibly measuring alterations in medullary pressure and compliance in this condition. The hypothesis tested in this study was that an elevation in renal venous pulsation may occur in preeclampsia compared with normal pregnancy. Methods. Seven patients with clinical evidence of preeclampsia were referred for fetal well‐being confirmation by sonography in the third trimester. Seven pregnant patients without renal disease or hypertension reviewed in the third trimester served as a control group. Doppler studies of the interlobar arteries and veins of both kidneys were performed, with a total of 14 kidneys imaged per group. Arterial and venous impedance indices were obtained. The impedance indices for the patients were compared by the Student t test. Results. No significant difference was noted between the arterial resistive indices. The mean venous impedance index for the hypertensive patients was 0.50 ± 0.12, and that for the control patients was 0.37 ± 0.06 (P = .003). Conclusions. Preeclampsia in the third trimester appears to be associated with altered medullary venous pulsation, possibly indicating reduced medullary pressure.     

酗酒者脑动脉血液流速的经颅多普勒超声观察

为了了解长期饮酒对脑血流动力学的影响，本文应用经颅多普勒（TCD）对慢性酗酒者和健康人各30例的大脑动脉血液流速进行了对照研究。结果表明：①酗酒者双侧推动脉、大脑中动脉、左侧大脑前动脉以及基底动脉的血流速度（包括收缩期最高流速、舒张末流速、平均流速），尤其是平均流速明显低于健康组（P＜0．05）；②酗酒者较健康人有较多提示脑动脉末梢阻力偏高的三峰波型频谱。我们认为长期酗酒可以直接或间接地影响大脑血管床的循环功能，引起脑底动脉未消阻力增高，血液流速下降，导致脑组织供血不足。